Lab Result Term Normalization

1/17/24, 7:40 AM Lab Result Term Normalization
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Lab Result Term Normalization
Lab Result Term Normalization 
Domain overview
An overview of the Lab Result element can be found here. Note: These are Lab Result Terms, i.e., the
lab test name, and not the lab test value.
Lab result terms have multiple components concatenated together with delimiters. These components
include:
• Result name
• Order name
• Specimen (<Type>:<Source>)
• Unit
• Reference low
• Reference high
Example term:
Blood:
COMPREHENSIVE
SODIUM Blood, mmol/L 135 145
METABOLIC PANEL
Venous
(Result (Reference (Reference

(Order name) (Specimen) (Unit)
name) low) high)
Guidelines at a glance
Target Ontology LOINC, SNOMED CT
1:N Mapping No
Detailed guidelines
General Principles
https://wiki.truveta.com/internal/docs/lab-result-term-normalization 1/22
1. LOINC is the primary code system used for normalizing lab result terms. If no LOINC is
available, then SNOMED CT may be used.
Lab result terms contain both laboratory concepts (e.g. viral test) as well as clinical, non-lab
observation terms (e.g. vitals). In general, use LOINC Laboratory concepts (Class type = Lab) for
mapping lab terms and LOINC Clinical concepts (Class type = Clinical or Survey) for mapping non-lab
Observation terms. When mapping to SNOMED CT, the guidelines are the same as those used for
Observations.
2. Only map to a single code.
We do not support 1:N mapping in the Lab Result domain.
3. Map as specific as possible when source information is available.
The Result Name is the primary concept being mapped, but the additional term components like
Order Name, Specimen, and Unit can be helpful in identifying the most specific mapping. For example,
when specimen and units are not present, but accepted reference range allows you to determine the
specimen or property (e.g., mass concentration, substance concentration, etc.), then select the most
specific mapping.
Example (a):
Health MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN

System CONCENTRATION, RBC|HTPN
Term: HISTORICAL LAB RESULT|||32.0|35.5
Map to: Long common name Property System Scale Class
28540-3 MCHC [Mass/volume] MCnc RBC Qn HEM/BC
Reason: Units are not provided, but the source term does contain low & high reference ranges. T
 
4. If information across components conflict, then map that term to NullFlavor Inv (Invalid)
because the information is contradictory, and we are unable to identify the correct mapping.
For complete NullFlavor guide, see here.
Example (a):
Health System Term COCAINE(METAB) SCREEN, URINE | URINE DRUG SCREEN | Serum:
Map to:
NullFlavor Invalid
Reason: The Specimen Type is “Serum” and Result and Order name both contain “Urine”. Map to Nul
 
5. If not enough information is present in health system term, then man to NullFlavor II
(insufficient information).
For complete NullFlavor guide, see here.
Example (a):
Health System Term SARS-COV-2
Map to:
NullFlavor Insufficient Information
Reason: There is not enough information to select the correct target term.
6. For tests that are commonly reported as quantitative or qualitative, default to qualitative
(LOINC Scale = Ord) if no units or reference ranges are given.
7. Only map to LOINC panel codes when the result name is clearly a panel.
Panel Codes are typically ONLY used for test orders and NOT for reporting results. Panel codes are in a
PANEL* Class in LOINC and often have the word “panel” in the Component and a dash (“-”) for the
Property. They contain a collection of LOINC codes that are used to report the results for each
individual test. Some health systems have test order names represented as result names as well. These
cases are rare and, when present, are often the same as the Order Name in the source term and
typically do not contain result values. Rather than ignoring these or mapping them to NullFlavor, the
preference is to map to the corresponding LOINC (SNOMED CT) code that represents the panel/order.
Example (a):
Health CBC w/ Auto

System Diff|CBC w/ Auto
Term: Diff|Blood:||
Long Common
Map to: Property Timing System Scale Class
Name
CBC W Auto
57021-8 Differential panel - - Pt Bld Qn PANEL.HEM/BC
Blood
Specimen
8. Specimen type and source
Specimen Type is the substance being sampled or tested (e.g., nasopharyngeal swab, serum, urine).
Specimen Source often reports where the sample was taken (e.g., left arm, nose, leg). At Truveta, the
HS term includes both Specimen Type and Source in the Specimen field, separated by a colon. Type is
listed first and source second as below:
(<Type>:<Source>)
For normalization, we consider the Specimen Type and ignore the Specimen Source. Specimen Type is
more consistently applied across health systems in the US due to the release of the 21st Century Cures
Act: Interoperability, Information Blocking, and the ONC Health IT Certification Program Final Rule (The
Cures Act Final Rule: Interoperability-Focused Policies that Empower Patients and Support Providers).
In most cases, the Source and Type do not conflict, however, in the few cases which do conflict, the
term should still be mapped based on the Specimen Type and Source should be ignored. If the
Specimen Type field is empty and Source is populated, still only consider the test name and test order
name for mapping, do not consider Specimen Source.
Example (a):
Health POLYMORPHONUCLEAR CELLS|BODY

System FLUID CELL COUNT WITH
Term: DIFFERENTIAL|Other:Synovial Fluid|%
Map to: Long Common Name System Scale Method Class
Polymorphonuclear cells/100 leukocytes in Body

26518-1 Qn HEM/BC
Body fluid fld
Reason: Type is "Other" and Source is "Synovial fluid". We ignore synovial fluid, but the HS te
 
Example (b):
Parainfluenza 2|RESPIRATORY
Health
PANEL
System
PCR|Other/Miscellaneous:Bronchial
Term:
Brushings|||
Map
Long Common Name System Scale Method Class
to:
Parainfluenza virus 2 RNA [Presence] Respiratory

92139-
in Respiratory system specimen by System Ord Probe.amp.tar MICRO
5
NAA with probe detection Specimen
 
Reason: The Specimen Type is "Other/Miscellaneous" and Source is "Bronchial Brushings". Using S
 
9. Unspecified specimen (XXX)
In the source concept, if there is no specification of the specimen in the order name, result name or
specimen component, pick the LOINC code containing XXX (unspecified) specimen, unless otherwise
noted in Specific Cases below (e.g. Chemistry and Hematology).
Example (a):
Health SARS-COV-2 PCR| NOVEL

System CORONAVIRUS SARS-COV-2
Term: 2019 NAAT
Map to: Long Common Name Property System Method Class
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RNA

[Presence] in Respiratory system
94309-2 PrThr XXX Probe.amp.tar MICRO
specimen by NAA with probe
detection
In this example, the source concept shows no indication of specimen. Note: Cases where method o
 
XXX may also be mapped to when a code for the provided source specimen is not available in LOINC.
10. Blood
If the source specimen is “blood”, it is important to consider the kind of test performed. Whole blood
specimens are often processed prior to testing and either serum or plasma is used for the analysis.
Therefore, when the source term specimen states “Blood”, the default mapping can be serum/plasma,
unless it is a whole-blood specific test (e.g. complete blood count, CBC). For example, the number
concentration of basophils in blood will map to 26444-0, Basophils [#/volume] in Blood whereas a
qualitative PCR blood test for COVID-19 will map to LOINC 94660-8, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RNA
[Presence] in Serum or Plasma by NAA with probe detection.
11. Respiratory specimens
Map to the respiratory-specific specimen otherwise wider to Lower or Upper respiratory > Respiratory
System Specimen > XXX.
a. Respiratory swab vs. wash

Wash ≠ swab -- A wash is a different procedure or technique from a swab. However, wash and swab
will both yield specimens. You can map Nasopharyngeal swabs, for example, to Nph (nasopharyngeal)
specimen in LOINC
b. Nasopharyngeal swab / nasopharyngeal / nph

Map to Nph otherwise wider to Upper respiratory > Respiratory System Specimen > XXX
c. Swab
For respiratory panels with "Swab" specimen (no other information), map to Upper Respiratory >
Respiratory System Specimen > XXX
d. Nasal swab / nose / nasal wash / nares

Map to Nose, otherwise Upper respiratory and then Respiratory System Specimen (both wider)
Example (a):
Health SARS CORONAVIRUS 2

System RNA|POCT XPERT XPRESS
Term: SARS-COV-2 PCR|Nare|||
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RNA

95406-5 [Presence] in Nose by NAA PrThr Nose Probe.amp.tar MICRO
with probe detection
e. Sputum
Map to Sputum if available, otherwise wider to Lower respiratory > Respiratory System Specimen >
XXX
f. Respiratory
If the order or result name indicates a respiratory test, such as a respiratory virus panel (RVP), and no
specimen information is provided, map to Respiratory System Specimen (equivalent) or XXX (Wider)
Example (a):
Health
ADENOVIRUS|RESPIRATORY
System
PANEL BY PCR|:Specimen|||
Term:
Map
Long Common Name Property System Method Class
to:
Adenovirus DNA [Presence] in Respiratory

96503-
Respiratory specimen by NAA PrThr System Probe.amp.tar MICRO
8
with probe detection Specimen
Example (b):
Health
RHINOVIRUS/ENTEROVIRUS|RESPIRATORY
System
PATHOGEN PROFILE, PCR|||
Term:
Map
Long Common Name Property System Method
to:
40991- Rhinovirus+Enterovirus RNA [Presence] in

PrThr XXX Probe.amp.tar
2 Specimen by NAA with probe detection
 
Reason: Map wider to XXX since no Respiratory System Specimen code currently exists
12. Tissue
Map to Tissue if available, otherwise XXX (when source of Tissue is not clear)
Example (a):
Health
RHINOVIRUS/ENTEROVIRUS.XXX.ORD(BEAKER)|RESPIRATORY
System
PATHOGEN PANEL,NAAT|Tissue||
Term:
Map
Long Common Name Property System
to:
40991- Rhinovirus+Enterovirus RNA [Presence] in Specimen by NAA with

PrThr XXX
2 probe detection
 
Reason: Map to wider to XXX since no Tissue code currently exists
Example (b):
ADENOVIRUS
Health
(REF)|RESPIRATORY
System
PATHOGEN
Term:
PANEL,NAAT|Tissue||
Adenovirus DNA [Presence] in

86510-5 Tissue by NAA with probe PrThr Tissue Probe.amp.tar MICRO
detection
13. Ascites
Map to peritoneal fluid code when available, otherwise map wider to body fluid.
Specific cases
14. Semi-Quantitative terms
Some terms mention “semi-quant”, “semi-quantitative”, “SQ” or similar. When LOINC codes exist with
the Scale of “SemiQn” (semi-quantitative), use those. Otherwise, map to the qualitative ordinal
(Scale=Ord) code instead.
15. Molecular testing assumptions and defaults
We assume the following defaults when normalizing:
Input Component Component Default
DNA, RNA, or the specific target gene name. Note

that some tests can target DNA or RNA. If both test
Target test
PCR/NAA test options are in LOINC and the HS term does not
material
indicate the target material, then map to NullFlavor II
(Insufficient Information). See Example (a) below.
PCR, NAA, NAAT,

molecular study, DNA, Method Probe.amp.tar
or RNA
BioFire, FilmArray Method Non-probe.amp.tar
Respiratory
virus/pathogen panels
Method Probe.amp.tar
(RVP) that are NOT
FilmArray
Example (a):
Health System
CT BY PCR|CT\/NG BY PCR
Term:
Options: Long Common Name Component
Chlamydia trachomatis rRNA [Presence] in Specimen Chlamydia

43304-5
by NAA with probe detection trachomatis rRNA
Chlamydia trachomatis DNA [Presence] in Specimen Chlamydia

21613-5
by NAA with probe detection trachomatis DNA
Health System
CT BY PCR|CT\/NG BY PCR
Term:
Instead, map
to:
NullFlavor Insufficient Information
16. Input terms that contain “result”
Health systems sometimes name their primary test result fields generically with names such as “Final
result”. Additionally, final and preliminary results can be mapped to the same normalized test code
since LOINC does not distinguish between preliminary and final statuses. Therefore, when the Result
Name simply states “Result,” or something similar, refer to the other components in the HS term to
assist with mapping, such as Order Name, Specimen Type, Unit.
Concept
Test Name Example Concept Code Name
Code
Final|Culture Bacteria identified in

Final result Anaerobic|Abscess:lumbar cutures 628-8 Tissue by Anaerobe
x's 3||| culture
Prelim|Culture Bacteria identified in

Preliminary
Anaerobic|Wound:lumbar cutures 633-8 Wound by Anaerobe
result (Prelim)
x's 3||| culture
Result, Result 1, RESULT (REF)|Misc Lab Test: AFB Mycobacterium sp

Result 2, Result CUTURE|Body Fluid:Sputum, 535-5 identified in Body fluid by
3, etc. Induced|| Organism specific culture
17. Other Commonly Seen Term Components
Here is a list of commonly observed term components across different lab result names. These often
represent additional reported information sent along with the primary test result. Use the table below
for specific mappings.
Code Concept
Test Name Concept Code Name
System Code
Age LOINC 21612-7 Age - Reported
Birth date/DOB LOINC 21112-8 Birth date
Case report LOINC 75218-8 Case report
Comment - blood bank LOINC 19066-0 Blood bank comment
Code Concept
System Code
Comment - drug screening LOINC 54247-2 Drug screen comment
Comment - general LOINC 8251-1 Service comment
Laboratory comment [Text] in

Comment - lab LOINC 77202-0
Report Narrative
Newborn screening report

Comment - newborn screening LOINC 69969-4
overall laboratory comment
Cytology study comment

Comment - PAP cytology LOINC 19774-9 Cervical or vaginal smear or
scraping
Control result LOINC 90101-7 Internal control result
Test performance information

Disclaimer - lab test LOINC 62364-5
in Specimen Narrative
Expiration date (of test kit/device) LOINC 74712-1 Expiration date
Fasting - duration LOINC 87527-8 Fasting duration
Fasting - status LOINC 49541-6 Fasting status - Reported
Interpretation/review - general lab Interpretation and review of

LOINC 56850-1
results laboratory results
Interpretation/review - newborn Newborn screening report -

LOINC 57130-7
screening overall interpretation
Lot number LOINC 74714-7 Lot or batch number
Manufacturer LOINC 74719-6 Manufacturer name
Reason for drug test

Reason for drug test LOINC 19144-5
[Interpretation]
Performing lab LOINC 68994-3 Performing laboratory name
Reason or indication (for

LOINC 67098-4 Reason for test or procedure
test/procedure)
Recommended follow-up
Recommendations LOINC 62366-0
[Identifier]
Recommendations - newborn LOINC 49544-0 Newborn screening

screening recommended follow-up
Code Concept
System Code
[Interpretation]
Laboratory director name in

Signing provider LOINC 72486-4
Provider
Specimen - appearance LOINC 33511-7 Appearance of Specimen
Specimen - body site drawn from LOINC 20506-2 Specimen drawn from
Specimen - collection method LOINC 53903-1 Collection method - Specimen
Specimen - source (any HS lab

LOINC 31208-2 Specimen source identified
test name with "Source" in it)
Specimen - type LOINC 66746-9 Specimen type
Test method LOINC 85069-3 Lab test method [Type]
Test method - referral lab LOINC 49549-9 Referral lab test method
Test performance information

Test performance LOINC 62364-5
in Specimen Narrative
Specific cases: urinalysis
18. For lab terms that contain “UA” or “urinalysis,” default to urine by test strip/light
microscopy. For terms that contain “UA automated,” default to automated test method, e.g.
automated test strip.
Example (a):
Health System POC Glucose UA|POCT

Term: URINALYSIS|Urine
Glucose [Presence] in Urine by Test Test

25428-4 Urine Ord UA
strip strip
Example (b):
Health EPITHELIALS, POC|POCT

System URINALYSIS WITH
Term: MICROSCOPIC||
Health EPITHELIALS, POC|POCT

System URINALYSIS WITH
Term: MICROSCOPIC||
Epithelial cells [Presence] in

Urine
20453-7 Urine sediment by Light Ord Microscopy.light UA
sed
microscopy
19. If source term contains LPF or HPF, map to a Naric/Quantitative LOINC
Example (a):
LEUCINE
Health
URINE|URINALYSIS WITH
System
MICROSCOPIC IF
Term:
INDICATED||/LPF
Map to: Long Common Name Property System Scale Method
Leucine crystals [#/area] in

Urine
45384-5 Urine sediment by Naric Qn Microscopy.light.HPF
sed
Microscopy low power field
20. Unknown Units
Below are assumptions made when a HS term has units of “Unknown” and reference ranges are
provided. If reference ranges of 0 and 0, map to Ordinal LOINC code.
Example (a):
Health
Tyrosine
System
Crystals|Urinalysis|Urine|Unknown|0|0
Term:
Map
Long Common Name System Scale Method Class
to:
Tyrosine crystals [Presence] in Urine Urine

5815-6 Ord Microscopy.light UA
sediment by Light microscopy sed
 
Example (b):
Health
Blood,
System
Urine|Urinalysis|Urine|Unknown|0|0
Term:
Hemoglobin [Presence] in Urine by Test Urine Test

5794-3 Ord UA
strip sed strip
If reference ranges are FEW/LPF or FEW/HPF or #/LPF or #/HPF (e.g., 0/LPF), map to Naric (number
aeric or number per area) or quantitative LOINC code.
Example (c):
Health
Transitional
System
Epithelial|Urinalysis|Urine|Unknown|FEW/HPF|FEW/HPF
Term:
Map
Long Common Name Property System Scale
to:
30089- Transitional cells [#/area] in Urine sediment by Urine

Naric Qn
7 Microscopy high power field sed
 
Example (d):
Health
Fatty
System
Cast|Urinalysis|Urine|Unknown|0/LPF|0/LPF
Term:
Map
Long Common Name Property System Scale Method
to:
Fatty casts [#/area] in Urine sediment by Urine

5789-3 Naric Qn Microsco
Microscopy low power field sed
 
Example (e):
Health
White Blood Cell
System
Casts|Urinalysis|Urine|Unknown|0|2/LPF
Term:
Map
Long Common Name Property System Scale Method
to:
Health
White Blood Cell
System
Casts|Urinalysis|Urine|Unknown|0|2/LPF
Term:
WBC casts [#/area] in Urine sediment by Urine

5820-6 Naric Qn Microscopy.
Microscopy low power field sed
Specific cases: hematology
21. Complete Blood Count (CBC) Method
If method is mentioned in source term, map to corresponding method in LOINC. If method is not
specified in source term, map to methodless code in LOINC. If method is not specified in source term
 
and there is no methodless option in LOINC, default to “Automated Count.”
22. CBC POLYS
If source term lists “POLYS” and specimen is “Blood” or order contains “CBC”, then map to
corresponding “segmented neutrophils” code.
Example (a):
Health
POLYS-AUTO,%|CBC W/DIFF
System
(ABS-%)||% | |
Term:
Segmented neutrophils/100
Automated
32200-8 leukocytes in Blood by NFr Bld Qn
count
Automated count
23. Body Fluid POLYS
If specimen is a body fluid (i.e., CSF, Serous fluid, etc.), POLY should be mapped to polymorphonuclear
cells.
Example (a):
Health
POLYS FLUID|SYNOVIAL FLUID,
System
CELL COUNT|Synovial Fld|% |||
Term:
Health
POLYS FLUID|SYNOVIAL FLUID,
System
CELL COUNT|Synovial Fld|% |||
Term:
Polymorphonuclear cells [#/volume] Synv

35004-1 NCnc Qn
in Synovial fluid fld
24. (POLY) at the end of the result name
If a source term has (POLY) at the end of the test name, ignore it. That indicates a specific clinic, The
Polyclinic, not a measurement of polys.
Example (a):
Health System Term: POLYCHROMASIA (POLY)|
Specific cases: coagulation
25. Prothrombin time (Protimes)
Concept
Concept Code Name Notes
Code
This code is appropriate for the majority of Protimes,

consistent with LOINC rankings and reference labs.
5902-2 Prothrombin time (PT)
PPP (platelet poor plasma) and coagulation assay are
assumed.
Prothrombin time (PT) in

Use if POC or POCT is seen in the input term or order
5964-2 Blood by Coagulation
name or with specimens that indicate whole blood.
assay
Prothrombin time (PT) in

Use when specimen/result name/order name indicates
46417-2 Capillary blood by
capillary blood or fingerstick.
Coagulation assay
26. INRs
Concept
Code
INR in Platelet poor

Use for most INR codes (consistent with LOINC
6301-6 plasma by Coagulation
rankings and reference labs).
assay
Concept
Code
Use for POC or specimen types that specify whole

INR in Blood by
34714-6 blood and do not mention capillary. POC testing can
Coagulation assay
be done on both whole blood and PPP.
INR in Capillary blood Use when result name/order name/ specimen specifies
46418-0
by Coagulation assay capillary blood or fingerstick.
27. Thromboelastography (TEG) Assays
a) For any TEG6S, or where the order includes "Global hemostasis", use the
Thromboelastography.resonance (Resonance TEG) LOINC terms.
Health System Term LOINC LOINC LCN
WITH LYSIS
Reduction in kaolin induced clot strength [Length fraction]

97013-
Lysis 30 in Blood by Resonance TEG --30 minutes post maximum clot
7
amplitude
Maximum Amplitude, 91125- Maximum amplitude kaolin induced [Length] in Blood by

Heparin 5 Resonance TEG --after addition of heparinase
Functional 91126- Maximum amplitude activator F induced [Length] in Blood

Fibrinogen, Citrated 3 by Resonance TEG
Reaction Time, 99761- Clot initiation.Kaolin induced [Time] in Blood by Resonance

Citrated 9 TEG
Pathologist 69049-
Coagulation specialist review of results
Interpretation-TEG6SL 5
WITHOUT LYSIS
Functional Fibrinogen 97016-

Fibrinogen [Mass/volume] in Blood by calculation
Level 0
Clot Formation 99763- Clot formation.kaolin induced [Time] in Blood by Resonance

Speed, Citrated 5 TEG
Reaction Time, 97007- Clot initiation.kaolin induced [Time] in Blood by Resonance

Heparin 9 TEG --post heparin neutralization
99762-
Angle, Citrated Clot angle.kaolin induced in Blood by Resonance TEG
7
Pathologist 69049-
Coagulation specialist review of results
Interpretation-TEG6S 5
b) For HS TEG assays that do not specify "Global hemostasis" or TEG6S, e.g., Thrombelastograph TAM
and Thrombelastograph Platelet Mapping, use Thromboelastography LOINC terms.
TEG Speed to Clot 52768-

Clot formation [Time] in Blood by Thromboelastography
Strength 9
66760-
TEG Coagulation Index Coagulation index in Blood by Thromboelastography
0
52778- Maximum clot firmness [Length] in Blood by

TEG Strength Fibrin Clot
8 Thromboelastography
52789-
TEG Reaction Time Clot initiation [Time] in Blood by Thromboelastography
5
66748-
TEG Clot Strength Clot angle in Blood by Thromboelastography
5
c) For HS terms that specify Rapid TEG, these assays contain tissue factor and kaolin, so LOINC
mappings may include both coagulation activators.
Health System
LOINC LOINC LCN
Term
TEG Active Clot 97009- Activated clotting time.kaolin+tissue factor induced of Blood by
Time 5 calculation
d) For HS terms that only specify TEG or Thrombelastography, map to LOINC terms with Method of
Thrombelastography.
References
Brochure from Haemonetics that shows how the 6S assays are called "Global hemostasis" and "Global
hemostasis with lysis": col-copy-000853-us_teg6s_brochure,-d-,pdf.pdf (haemonetics.com)
Their TEG 5000 analyzer assays are not called global.
This article has details about each assay - Assessing TEG6S reliability between devices and across
multiple time points: A prospective thromboelastography validation study | Scientific Reports
(nature.com)
Specific cases: chemistry

28. Specimen for CMP/BMP or Lipid Panels
Map CMP, BMP, and lipid panels to serum/plasma. If there is both blood and serum or plasma, map to
serum/plasma.
29. Specimen for Globulin
No serum/plasma LOINC code available for Globulin, choose serum.
Example (a):
Health
GLOBULIN|COMPREHENSIVE
System
METABOLIC PANEL|Blood|g/dL
Term:
Example
Map to: Long Common Name Property System Class
Unit
2336-6 Globulin [Mass/volume] in Serum MCnc Ser CHEM g/dL
30. eGFR
a) For concepts without a calculation method indicated:
Map Example
Long Common Name Property System Class
to: Unit
Glomerular filtration rate/1.73 sq

69405-
M.predicted [Volume Rate/Area] ArVRat Ser/Plas/Bld CHEM mL/min
9
in Serum, Plasma or Blood
b) If a race or gender is indicated in the source term, still use LOINC 69405-9 (wider) since the
customers will have race & gender information provided separately.
c) For concepts with a calculation method indicated:
Health System
LOINC Terms Notes
Term
SearchLOINC egfr ckd-epi Use 2021 equations only if the HS term

CKD-EPI
(LOINC) states "2021"
Maximum amplitude kaolin induced

SearchLOINC egfr mdrd ser
MDRD [Length] in Blood by Resonance TEG –after
plas bld (LOINC)
addition of heparinase
Health System
LOINC Terms Notes
Term
SearchLOINC egfr Cystatin

Cystatin C only-
C-based formula -ckd
based formula
(LOINC)
SearchLOINC egfr Schwartz

Schwartz
(LOINC)
Specific cases: microbiology
31. Antibody tests
a. If source term does not include a specific antibody subtype, map to LOINC codes that include "Ab"
without specifying the type of antibody. These represent measurement of the total antibodies present,
meaning the sum of IgA, IgG, and IgM.
Example (a):
Health System
LOINC LOINC LCN
Term
94762- SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Ab [Presence] in Serum or Plasma by

SARS-COV-2 AB
2 Immunoassay
94768- SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Ab [Units/volume] in Serum or Plasma

SARS-COV-2 AB
7 by Immunoassay
b. If source term includes a specific antibody/antibodies subtype, map to related Ab specific LOINC
code.
94563- SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) IgG Ab [Presence] in Serum

SARS-COV-2 AB, IGG
4 or Plasma by Immunoassay
94505- SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) IgG Ab [Units/volume] in

SARS-COV-2 AB, IGG
5 Serum or Plasma by Immunoassay
SARS-COV-2 94547- SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) IgG+IgM Ab [Presence] in

SERUM/PLASMA IGG/IGM 7 Serum or Plasma by Immunoassay
32. Interpretation results for various microbiology studies
Map to LOINC codes with Scale of “Imp” when possible. Otherwise, map to Presence (Scale=Ord) code,
since result values are likely positive/negative.
Example (a):
Health System
LOINC LOINC LCN
Term
94661- SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Ab [Interpretation] in Serum or

Interpretation
6 Plasma
33. Cycle Thresholds
Source terms with “CT” in the Result name, Order name or Unit components are mapped to LOINC
codes for Cycle Threshold # (Qn):
96764- SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) E gene [Cycle Threshold #] in

SARS TARGET CT E
6 Respiratory specimen by NAA with probe detection
SARS TARGET CT 94745- SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RNA [Cycle Threshold #] in

E/N2/RDRP 7 Respiratory specimen by NAA with probe detection
34. COVID-19 specific guidance
a. When mapping lab results for SARS-CoV-2, prioritize the component (analyte) > system (specimen)
and units > order name
b. For COVID-19 Ab and Ag test, default methodology is IA.
c. For at-home COVID tests, default to respiratory specimen.
Example (a):
SARS-COV-2, NAA
Health
(COVID-19)|AT HOME
System
SARS-COV-
Term:
2,NAAT||||LOINC|
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
RNA [Presence] in Respiratory
94500-6 Respiratory system PrThr System Probe.amp.tar MICRO
specimen by NAA with Specimen
probe detection
d. COVID-19 protein-specific (spike or nucleocapsid) Ab testing
i. LOINC currently only has an ordinal (presence) code for spike & nucleocapsid-specific IgG testing.
1. For qualitative tests that do not specify an antibody subtype(s) in the test name, we assume it is
an IgG test and map to the ordinal (presence) for the protein-specific IgG code.
2. For qualitative tests that specify more than just the IgG antibody subtype or state “total”, map
wider to the corresponding qualitative SARS-CoV-2 Ab code, e.g. 94762-2, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-
19) Ab [Presence] in Serum or Plasma by Immunoassay
3. For quantitative tests that do not specify an antibody subtype, map wider to the corresponding
quantitative Ab code: 94769-7, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Ab [Units/volume] in Serum or Plasma by
Immunoassay
4. For quantitative tests that does specify IgG, map wider to the corresponding quantitative IgG Ab
code: 94505-5, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) IgG Ab [Units/volume] in Serum or Plasma by
Immunoassay (Wider)
5. For Interpretations for both spike & nucleocapsid tests, map wider to 94661-6, SARS-CoV-2
(COVID-19) Ab [Interpretation] in Serum or Plasma
ii. If the result name does not indicate the protein name, even though the Order/template name does,
we will only map to the information indicated in the result name and disregard the protein in the
order/template name.
Example (a):
SARS-COV-2, NAA
Health
(COVID-19)|AT HOME
System
SARS-COV-
Term:
2,NAAT||||LOINC|
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
RNA [Presence] in Respiratory
94500-6 Respiratory system PrThr System Probe.amp.tar MICRO
specimen by NAA with Specimen
probe detection
e. If both methodology (e.g. PCR, IA) and analyte (Ab, Ag, NAA) are missing from the source term,
default to the more general SNOMED CT code representing the detection of the microorganism.
Example (a):
Health SARS-COV-2, SEMI-QUANT TOTAL

System AB|SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODIES
Term SEMI-QUANT TOTAL AB
_SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Ab
94769-7 [Units/volume] in Serum or Plasma ACnc Ser/Plas IA MICRO
by Immunoassay_
g. Helpful Links for COVID-19 tests and related observations:

Guidance for mapping to SARS-CoV-2 LOINC terms – LOINC
SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 related LOINC terms – LOINC
Link to a table for Biofire/ FilmArray LOINC codes, including COVID test mappings:
https://www.biofiredx.com/wp-content/uploads/RP2.1-v1.0-LOINC-Table.xlsx
 Updated about 1 month ago
 Medication Term Normalization NullFlavor Normalization Guidelines 
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Lab Result Term Normalization

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Lab Result Term Normalization

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1/17/24, 7:40 AM Lab Result Term Normalization

Lab Result Term Normalization

Lab Result Term Normalization 

(Result (Reference (Reference

Target Ontology LOINC, SNOMED CT

2. Only map to a single code.

We do not support 1:N mapping in the Lab Result domain.

3. Map as specific as possible when source information is available.

Health MEAN CORPUSCULAR HEMOGLOBIN

Map to: Long common name Property System Scale Class

28540-3 MCHC [Mass/volume] MCnc RBC Qn HEM/BC

For complete NullFlavor guide, see here.

For complete NullFlavor guide, see here.

Health System Term SARS-COV-2

NullFlavor Insufficient Information

Health CBC w/ Auto

8. Specimen type and source

Health POLYMORPHONUCLEAR CELLS|BODY

Map to: Long Common Name System Scale Method Class

Polymorphonuclear cells/100 leukocytes in Body

Parainfluenza virus 2 RNA [Presence] Respiratory

9. Unspecified specimen (XXX)

Health SARS-COV-2 PCR| NOVEL

Map to: Long Common Name Property System Method Class

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RNA

11. Respiratory specimens

a. Respiratory swab vs. wash

b. Nasopharyngeal swab / nasopharyngeal / nph

d. Nasal swab / nose / nasal wash / nares

Health SARS CORONAVIRUS 2

Map to: Long Common Name Property System Method Class

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RNA

Adenovirus DNA [Presence] in Respiratory

40991- Rhinovirus+Enterovirus RNA [Presence] in

40991- Rhinovirus+Enterovirus RNA [Presence] in Specimen by NAA with

Reason: Map to wider to XXX since no Tissue code currently exists

Map to: Long Common Name Property System Method Class

Adenovirus DNA [Presence] in

14. Semi-Quantitative terms

15. Molecular testing assumptions and defaults

We assume the following defaults when normalizing:

Input Component Component Default

DNA, RNA, or the specific target gene name. Note

PCR, NAA, NAAT,

BioFire, FilmArray Method Non-probe.amp.tar

Options: Long Common Name Component

Chlamydia trachomatis rRNA [Presence] in Specimen Chlamydia

Chlamydia trachomatis DNA [Presence] in Specimen Chlamydia

NullFlavor Insufficient Information

16. Input terms that contain “result”

Final|Culture Bacteria identified in

Prelim|Culture Bacteria identified in

Result, Result 1, RESULT (REF)|Misc Lab Test: AFB Mycobacterium sp

17. Other Commonly Seen Term Components

Age LOINC 21612-7 Age - Reported

Birth date/DOB LOINC 21112-8 Birth date

Case report LOINC 75218-8 Case report

Comment - blood bank LOINC 19066-0 Blood bank comment

Comment - drug screening LOINC 54247-2 Drug screen comment

Comment - general LOINC 8251-1 Service comment

Laboratory comment [Text] in

Newborn screening report

Cytology study comment

Control result LOINC 90101-7 Internal control result