On Time Pre Int Answer Key

4A Natural disasters

Match the words with the pictures

1.tsunami
2.volcano
3.flooding
4.drought
5.earthquake
6.hurricane

Choose a number in the box to complete the sentences about natural disasters.
Compare your answers with a partner.
Students should look for the answers using the internet

300 500 26,5 10.400 1500 10 1.000.000

1.There are over 1500 active volcanoes around the world.

2.Tsunamis can travel at up to 500 miles per hour.

3.Hurricanes only form when water temperature reaches 26.5 degrees Celsius.

4.10% of the world’s population live within danger range of volcanoes.

5.Regrettably, 10,400 people around the world lost their lives in natural disasters in 2018.

6.Some types of avalanches can go move faster than 300km/h carrying a mass of 300 tonnes.

Read the text again, and complete the sentences according to the information in the text.

1. According to Sarah, you will see and hear news about disasters if you switch on the news.
2. James thinks that he can help the poor people in disaster areas if he sees it himself.
3. Cindy suggests if we improve warning systems we will save lives.
4. Roger believes we can be prepared for natural disasters only if we respect mother nature.

Grammar
Conditional sentences type 0 & type 1

1. If metal gets hot no one will get hurt.

2. If, by some chance, you read this message you will definitely be late for the meeting.
3. If you calm down and drop the knife send me a reply.
4. If you don’t leave now it melts.
5. If you miss the plane I’ll call the police.

Complete the sentences with the correct words.

1. If we keep burning fossil fuels we will see/ are seeing more extreme weather conditions.
2. If we don’t act / will not act now then the changes we see today will affect the stability of the climate
3. If governments don’t spend more money on alternative energy then we will continue/ continue to make the situation
worse.
4. If you will want / want to learn more about action on climate change the you can visit the United Nations website.
5. If temperatures continue to rise then the eco system will / will not collapse

4B Climate change
Read the text and match the questions to the answers.
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. B

Grammar
Modal verbs for obligation

1. I can’t join you at the party because I have to work tomorrow.

2. I think I have to go now. I promised my wife to be at home before 7.
3. You mustn’t speak out loud in public places.
4. We all have to wear protective helmets at work for safety reasons.
5. You don’t have to buy me a present every time you visit me.
6. I must remember to buy a birthday present to Özlem.
7. You must look after the hair of your dog regularly.
8. She is studying hard, because she has to go through a difficult exam newt week.

Put letters (A to E) next to the sentences according to the meaning/function of the modal verb.

(A) a good idea (B) it’s necessary (C) vitally important (D) personal opinion (E) it’s a law
student’s answers may vary

4C Green Energy
Discuss the answers with your teacher.

(One point for every correct answer)

1) You are busy in your house tidying up going from room to room spending 5 to 10 minutes in each. Which is the best
way to save energy?
a) Switch the lights on and off every time you move from room to room
2) You are hungry and want to bake a potato. Which method is ‘greener’?
b) Quickly zap it in the microwave
3) You are thirsty so you go to a café to buy a drink. What do you choose?
a) A bottle of mineral water
4) You need a new shirt / blouse and there are two that you like in the shop. You look at the label and see that one is
made of 100% pure natural cotton and the other is 50% polyester. You want to be as environmentally friendly as you can.
Which one do you choose?
a) The 100% cotton shirt
5) Do you leave the tap on when you brush your teeth?
b) No
6) As well as putting their health and the health of those around them in danger, smokers also put the environment in
danger.
a) True
7) Which is the ‘greenest’ way to wash your clothes?
a) Machine wash in cold water
8) Which form of transport is better for the environment?
a) driving by car b) flying by plane
9) When you go to the supermarket how do you take your shopping home?
b) In your own bag or basket
10) If you have the choice, how do you prefer to buy a cold drink in a café?
b) In a glass bottle

How did you do? Are you green enough?

Work with a partner
Using the information in the quiz write sentences using conditional sentences and modal verbs for obligation;
students answers may vary
e.g If you switch your lights off, you will save energy.
You should turn off your lights to save energy

set back problem

Vocabulary stability steady
Match the words layer sheet in the list with words and phrases in the box.
retain to keep
expand become larger
pull out leave
reduce make smaller
rise move up
emission discharge
responsible in charge of
A. rise
B. responsible
C. expand
D. pull out
E. set back
F. reduce
G. stability
H. emission
I. layer
J. retain

4D
Bob Marley
Pre Listening
Choose the synonyms for the underlined words.
e.g
1. Marley and his mother moved to a Kingston slum.
B. poor area
2. Trenchtown would later become immortalized in Marley’s songs.
A. made to live forever
3. There Marley eventually became friends with Neville “Bunny” Livingston.
B. in time
4. In 1963, Bob Marley and five other friends formed a group.
C. made
5. The Wailers’ first album, Catch a Fire, was released worldwide in 1973.
A. around the world
6. The Wailers broke up in 1974.
B. split up
7. Both Wailer and Tosh were not content to sing in Marley’s shadow.
B. unhappy
8. Bob Marley was invited to perform in Zimbabwe.
A. asked
9. Marley refused amputation of his toe.
B. cutting off
10. He was afraid that the operation would affect his dancing.
A. have a negative effect on

Listening 1
Listen to the recording and fill the blanks. The first one has been done for you.
Marley was in born in 1945 in the small village of Nine Mile Jamaica. His father was a white Jamaican born in 1995 to British
parents. He was a Marine officer and captain, as well as a plantation overseer, when he married an eighteen-year-old black
Jamaican girl. Marley was 10 years old when his father died of a heart attack in 1955 Marley and his mother moved to a
Kingston slum, Trenchtown, after his father’s death. Trenchtown would later become immortalized by Marley in such songs as
“No Woman, No Cry” and “Trenchtown Rock”. Marley eventually became friends with Neville “Bunny” Livingston (later
known as Bunny Wailer), with whom he started to play music. At a jam session Marley met Peter McIntosh (later known as Peter
Tosh), who had similar musical ambitions. In 1963 Bob Marley, Bunny Livingston, Peter McIntosh, and three others formed a
group, eventually calling themselves “The Wailers”. The Wailers’ first album, Catch a Fire, was released worldwide in 1973
and sold well. It was followed a year later by Burnin’, which included the songs “Get Up, Stand Up” and “I Shot the Sheriff”.
Eric Clapton did a remake of the song “I Shot the Sheriff” in 1974, raising Marley’s international profile.

Listening 2
First read the sentences below, then listen to the sentences about Bob Marley’s life,and match them with the sentences
that have the same or similar meaning.

1. Bob Marley’s band split up and the musicians started their own careers.
4. Marley sang at the national celebrations in Zimbabwe.
3. The doctors told Bob Marley that he had cancer.
10. Marley was recognized as one of the greatest rock stars of all time.
5. He recorded his last songs.
2. Marley became famous all over the world.
6. He became seriously ill while he was running in New York.
11. He received a ‘special’ lifetime prize for his lifetime achievements.
8. He passed away.
9. Marley’s record company (Island) prepared a collection of his best songs after he died.
7. He performed for the last time.
12. A film, made about his life, and music received a special award.

SKILLS TIME

U4
Reading

Every drop counts

1. Our earth has only 1% of important and precious fresh water.

2. Two percent of the world’s fresh water is contained in glaciers
3. We must conserve water and save this important resource.
4. We had better reduce the amount we use in our homes.
5. For example, we can install a low-flow showerhead.
6. This showerhead will use less water as we shower.
7. We could buy fewer products from factories that use a lot of water in manufacturing.
8. We should buy water-saving appliances with a range of settings.
9. These ways of saving water will not interfere with our life style.
10. In fact, they are suitable and easy for everyone.

Listening
Greta Thunberg
Watch the video and tick the sentences that you hear in the video.

1. Climate change is real.

2. Our house is on fire.
3. They want action.

Watch the video again and complete the missing parts of the sentences.

a. Millions of students didn’t attend the classes, because they are demanding action on the climate issue.
b. The reporter met Greta Thunberg in England for the first time.
c. Greta Thunberg stopped going to school on Friday and this started the movement.
d. Greta Thunberg thinks that we should get angry, because our house is on fire.
e. Greta Thunberg claims that people feel guilty when a child says that you are stealing my future.
f. Greta Thunberg and her followers want to see real change and action.

Practice makes perfect!

4A

Vocabulary
Natural disasters

How many natural disasters can you name?

Add them to the table.
Air Earth Fire Water
e.g earthquake volcano tsunami
hurricane
typhoon drought bush fire flood
tornado avalanche

Complete the sentences with a suitable word from the table.

1. The hurricane was so strong it blew the roof off the house.
2. It rained for weeks, the floods were so bad that people had to use boats to travel around.
3. Have you seen the Wizard of Oz? There’s a typhoon in that film, it blows the house away. I think they call them
‘twisters’ in the US
4. If we don’t do something about climate change we will see more and more droughts due to the extreme rise in
temperatures and the lack of rain.
5.Did you know that a 20-metre high tsunami hit the British Isles 8,200 years ago!

Grammar
Complete the sentences to make sentences using the 1st conditional.

e.g If I go out tonight, I will go to the cinema.

1. If I go on holiday, I will (go) to Antalya.
2. If you get back late, I ‘ll be (be) angry.
3. If we don’t see (not / see) each other tomorrow, we might see (see) each other next week.
4. If he comes (come), I will (be) surprised.
5. If we wait (wait) here, we will (be) late.

Match the sentence halves 9. She’ll take a taxi (J)

1. e.g I’ll come early (f) 10. I won’t go (g)
2. They’ll go to the party (c)
3. She’ll stay in London. (d) a if you go to the supermarket.
4. He won’t get a better job (h) b if they have time.
5. I’ll buy a new dress (e) c if they are invited.
6. She’ll cook dinner (a) d if she gets a job
7. They’ll go on holiday (b) e if I have enough money.
8. We’ll be late (I) f if you want
g if you don't come with me I if we don't hurry
h if he doesn't pass that exam. j if it rains.

4B
Climate change

Complete the text with one of the words

The weather (1) is a common conversation for many people each day. The weather (2) can change day-to-day or even
from hour-to-hour. On the other hand, the climate (3) in an area usually takes a long time to change. It is the average
temperature (4) and conditions in a specific place over a long period of time, in years climate (5) does not change day-to-
day or even month-to-month, but usually takes hundreds, thousands, or millions of years to change.

Fill in the gaps with have to / must / should (not)

1. When the weather is very hot, you shouldn’t (sunbathe) because it is very harmful for your skin.

2. The climate is constantly changing, however we must definitely do something about the extreme changes.

3. We have to find alternative sources of energy.

4. You must buy water in glass bottles, all that plastic waste is a huge problem.

5.Industrialised nations must reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

6. People must change the way they use energy.

7. Stoya: We have to stop talking and start doing something about climate change
Julia: I don’t think it will happen it’s too late.
Stoya: You mustn’t give up , we have to keep working for change.

8. We should start using renewable energy for example!

Take the quiz!

students can complete the quiz and then check their answers on the internet.

4C
Green Energy

Strange renewable energy sources

Answer the questions

Which is the most effective power source?
Solar wind
Which is the most practical source of energy?
The power of dance
Which is the cheapest form of energy?
Solar wind

True or False?
1. F 3.T 5. F
2. T 4.T 6. F

4D
Modals
Review of can for permission and can for ability
Fill in the blanks with can or can’t. Also say if it’s can for ability or permission.

Example: Steve can’t go to Italy with his colleagues.

His boss won’t let him. permission.

1. A: Where is my suitcase? I can’t find it anywhere.

B: I think it is in your room.

2. A: Oh! Look! It is under the bed, but I can’t reach it.

B: I think I can reach it. Here you are.

3. I want to go to Europe, but I am working hard these days, so I can’t.

4. I’ve got two tickets for a China flight, but none of my friends can’t come with me.

5. My friend asked me to go with him to Italy on Sunday, but I can’t go.

6. I want to live in England, but I can’t speak English.

7. He wants to go on a trip, but I know he can’t afford it.

8. Joe is too weak. I am sure he can’t lift this suitcase.

9. His coach won’t let him go on a holiday, so he can’t go.

10. He can’t leave the city without seeing me.

Can for offers and requests

1. You’ve been looking for your sunglasses for an hour, and you learn that your sister took them. Now you need them. What do you
say?
Can you give me my sunglasses please/ Can I have my sunglasses please?

2. You’re bored with working hard. You need to relax and have a holiday, but you don’t want to go alone. Ask a friend to
join you.
Can you come with me on holiday? We need a break

3. Your mother wants you to go with her on holiday. What does she say?
Can you come on holiday with me? We will have a wonderful time together.

4. You and your friend are on winter term break. You want to go trekking in the
mountains. What do you say?
Can we go trekking together , it will be great fun.

5. Your sister is at the airport. She’s waiting for her flight to London. However, she
realizes that she forgot her credit cards. She calls you and wants you to bring them.
What does she say to you?
Can you bring me my credit cards? Please hurry its an emergency, I’ll miss my plane.

May,might,must,can for possibility

Fill in the blanks with can’t, must, may, or might. Some may be negative.

Example: Are you going to Egypt with your colleagues?

I haven’t decided yet. I might go.

1. A: Where are you going on holiday?

B: I haven’t decided yet. I might go to America.

2. A: Do you think David will come with us to France?

B: I don’t know. He may/ might come.

3. A: Do you know where John is these days? I know that he is travelling around the world.
B: He must be in China because he was talking about going to China after Japan.
A: No, he can’t be in China. It is really hard to get a visa there.

4. A: I am going to Ireland next week. I’ve wanted to go there since I was a little girl.
B: Oh! You must be very happy then.

5. A: Do you know how many hours the flight from Berlin to London takes?
B: I am not sure. It can’t take more than an hour. It’s not a long flight.

6. A: There is a rumour that Julie moved to Canada. Did you know that?
B: No, that can’t be true. I saw her last week in the market .