Course outline After MID Examination:

1. Operational Amplifier
a. Introduction of Operational Amplifier
b. Inverting Amplifier (Diagram, Gain Calculation and Formula, Applications)
c. Non-inverting Amplifier (Diagram, Gain Calculation and Formula, Applications)
d. Summing Amplifier (Diagram, Gain Calculation and Formula, Applications)
e. Deferential Amplifier (Diagram, Gain Calculation and Formula, Applications)

2. PID Proportional Integral and Derivative Controller

a. Introduction and working principle of the PID controller
b. PID Loop diagram and equations.
c. Working of PID Loop
d. Implementation of Integrator using operational amplifier
e. Implementation of differentiator using operational amplifier.

3. Digital Electronics
a. Logic Gates (Introductions, Diagram, Table, Boolean Function, applications)
i. AND, and NAND Gates
ii. OR, and NOR Gates
iii. NOT Gate
iv. XOR, and XNOR Gate.

b. Encoder and Decoder. (Introduction, diagram, applications)

c. DEC to BCD (Diagram, Table and applications)
d. Multiplexer and De-multiplexer 2-bit, and 4-bit (Introduction, diagram, Applications)

4. Sensors (Types, Diagram, Working, Application, Advantages, disadvantages)

a. Proximity Sensors
i. Optical or Photoelectric Proximity Sensors (Through Type and Reflective Type)
ii. Ultrasonic Proximity Sensors (Through Type and Reflective Type)
iii. Capacitive Proximity Sensors
iv. Inductive Proximity Sensors
v. Magnetic Proximity Sensors (Hall Effect)

5. Linear and Rotor Encoders (Working, Application, Advantages, disadvantages)

6. PLC Programmable Logic Controller (Types, Uses, Diagram, Working, Application)

a. Block Diagram
b. Working of each component (CPU, Memory RAM, ROM, EEPROM, ADC, DAC, Digital
Input, Digital Output)
c. Types of PLCs

7. HMI Human Machine Interface (Introduction, Diagram, and Applications)

Course outline After MID Examination:

8. SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (Introduction, Structure diagram, and
Applications).
9. Communication Protocol (Introductions, Types (Wired and Wireless) and Applications)
a. Ethernet, Protocol
b. Modbus Protocol
c. RS485
d. RS232
10. Communication Topologies (Introduction, Types, diagram, applications, advantages and
disadvantages)
a. BUS Topology
b. Ring Topology,
c. Star Topology,
d. Mesh Topology.