3) Listed are the weights of the NBA’s top 50 players: 240, 210, 220, 260, 250, 195, 230,

270, 325, 225,

165, 295, 205, 230, 250, 210, 220, 210, 230, 202, 250, 265, 230, 210, 240, 245, 225, 180, 175, 215, 215,
235, 245, 250, 215, 210, 195, 240, 240, 225, 260, 210, 190, 260, 230, 190, 210, 230, 185, 260. Construct
a frequency distribution for the weights

To construct a frequency distribution for the weights of the NBA's top 50 players, we first need to
organize the weights into groups (also known as classes or intervals) and then count how many players
fall into each group.

So

Minimum weight: 165

Maximum weight: 325

Class width = (max-Min)/8

(325-165)/8=20

Now we create intervals with a width of 20, starting from 160 (or 165) up to 340, for example.

weight frequency
165-185 4
186-206 5
207-227 15
228-248 13
249-269 9
270-290 1
291-311 1
312-332 1
Total 50

2. The table below shows the distribution of students’ weights of first years taking an IT course. Weight
45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 Frequency 7 14 18 11 5 9 4 Calculate:

a) To calculate the standard deviation, we need to first find the mean weight:

Mean weight = (45-49)\*7 + (50-54)\*14 + (55-59)\*18 + (60-64)\*11 + (65-69)\*5 + (70-74)\*9 + (75-

79)\*4 / (7+14+18+11+5+9+4)

Mean weight = 57.02 kg (rounded to two decimal places)

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 Next, we calculate the variance:

Variance = [(45-57.02)^2\*7 + (50-57.02)^2\*14 + (55-57.02)^2\*18 + (60-57.02)^2\*11 + (65-57.02)^2\

*5 + (70-57.02)^2\*9 + (75-57.02)^2\*4] / (7+14+18+11+5+9+4)

Variance = 56.3273 (rounded to four decimal places)

Finally, we calculate the standard deviation:

Standard deviation = √Variance

Standard deviation = √56.3273

Standard deviation ≈ 7.503 kg (rounded to three decimal places)

So the standard deviation for the weight distribution is 7.503 kg.

b) To find Kelly's coefficient of skewness, we need to use the formula:

Kelly's coefficient of skewness = 3(mean - median) / standard deviation

We have already found the mean weight to be 57.02 kg in part (a). Now we need to find the median.

The median weight is the middle value in the distribution. Since there are 68 students
(7+14+18+11+5+9+4), the middle value would be the 34th value. We can find which weight this
corresponds to by adding up the frequencies until we reach 34.

45-49: 7 students

50-54: 14 students

55-59: 18 students

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 60-64: 11 students

65-69: 5 students

Total: 55 students

We need to add the next frequency (9 students) to reach a total of 64 students. This corresponds to a
weight of 70-74. So the median weight is 70-74 kg.

Now we can calculate Kelly's coefficient of skewness:

Kelly's coefficient of skewness = 3(57.02 - 71) / 7.503

Kelly's coefficient of skewness ≈ -1.868 (rounded to three decimal places)

Since Kelly's coefficient of skewness is negative, this indicates that the distribution is negatively skewed.
This means that the majority of students have a weight above the median weight and there are fewer
students with weights below the median weight.

4). a) To determine the modal mark, we need to find the mark with the highest frequency, which is the
mode. In this case, the mode is the mark that appears most frequently in the data.

From the given data:

Marks: 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, 80-84

Frequency: 3, 4, 7, 9, 5, 14, 12, 9, 12

The mark with the highest frequency is 65-69 with a frequency of 14. So, the modal mark is 65-69.

b) To find the cut off for passing the exam where 70% of the students passed, we need to calculate the
cumulative frequency until we reach 70%.

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 Total number of students = 3 + 4 + 7 + 9 + 5 + 14 + 12 + 9 + 12 = 75 students

70% of 75 students = 0.70 * 75 = 52.5 students

Since we can't have a fraction of a student, we need to round up to the nearest whole number, which is
53 students.

To find the cut off mark for passing, we need to determine which mark corresponds to the cumulative
frequency of 53 students.

Starting from the lowest mark and adding up the frequencies:

40-44: 3 students

45-49: 4 students

50-54: 7 students

55-59: 9 students

60-64: 5 students

65-69: 14 students

70-74: 12 students

Adding these up, we reach a total of 54 students at 65-69. However, this is just below the 70%
threshold. Therefore, the cut-off for passing the exam is the next mark, which is 70-74.

So the cut-off mark for passing the exam is 70-74.

5). To create a histogram and frequency polygon for the given data, we first need to determine the class
boundaries. The class boundaries will help us determine the width of each class interval.

Class boundaries:

90-98: 89.5 - 98.5

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 99-107: 98.5 - 107.5

108-116: 107.5 - 116.5

117-125: 116.5 - 125.5

126-134: 125.5 - 134.5

Next, we calculate the midpoints of each class interval:

90-98: (89.5 + 98.5) / 2 = 94

99-107: (98.5 + 107.5) / 2 = 103

108-116: (107.5 + 116.5) / 2 = 112

117-125: (116.5 + 125.5) / 2 = 121

126-134: (125.5 + 134.5) / 2 = 130

Now, we can plot the histogram and frequency polygon based on the frequency distribution given:

Histogram:

1. Draw a horizontal axis for scores and a vertical axis for frequency.

2. Create rectangles for each class interval with the height corresponding to the frequency.

3. The width of each rectangle is the class interval.

Frequency Polygon:

1. Plot the midpoints of each class interval on the horizontal axis.

2. Plot the frequency for each midpoint on the vertical axis.

3. Connect the points using line segments to form the frequency polygon.

Unfortunately, as an AI text-based model, I am unable to draw the histogram and frequency polygon for
you. You can use graph paper or a graphing tool to create the visual representation of the data.

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 Step 1: Calculate mode

Where L is the lower class boundary of the modal group

f1 is the frequency of the modal group

f0 is the frequency of the group before the modal group

f2 is the frequency of the group after the modal group

c is the class width

L = 55

f1 = 18

f0 = 14

f2 = 11

c=5

(f 1−f 0)
Mode=L+ ×c
(2 f 1−f 0−f 2)

(18−14 )
Mode=55+ ×5
(2 x 18−14−11)
Exercises Q1) For 108 randomly selected college applicants, the following frequency distribution
for entrance exam scores was obtained. Class Frequency 90-98 6 99-107 22 108 - 116 43 117 -
125 28 126 - 134 9 Total 108 1 - What is the target population and what is the sample? 2- Find
the variable of interest and the type of the variable? 3- Find the boundaries, midpoint and width
for all the classes. 4- Find the relative frequency and percentage for all the classes, 5- Find the
Cumulative relative frequency and percentage for all the classes. Q2) The increases in cents) in
cigarette taxes for 17 states in a 6-month period are 60, 20, 40, 40, 45, 12, 34, 51, 30, 70, 42,
31, 69, 32, 8, 18,50 1 - Find the mean. 3- Find the mode. 5- Find the variance and standard
deviation. 2- Find the median. 4- Find the range. 6- Find the coefficient of variation. Q3) a)
Construcat a probability disrtibution for rolling a single die. b) Compute the variance and
standard deviation for the probability distribution of tossing a die c) Find 1. P (1 < x < 4) 2.P (x 4)
3.P (3 < X < 6) (4) A survey from Teenage Research Unlimited (Northbrook, Illinois) found that
30% of teenage consumers receive their spending money from part-time jobs. If 5 teenagers are
selected at random, find the probability that at least 3 of them will have part-time job

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