THE NADI RECTIFICATION

WITH TABLES

By
Dr. Bh. Satyanarayana Rao,
M:asulipatam, (S. India.)
 PREFACE

It so happened that, just before the publication of my

Text-book of Scientific Astrology in 1936, a friend of mine
gave me for perusal for six hours a manuscript of elabo-
rate Tables, running to 04 pages in foolscap' 'size,
sing the inevitable birth times, copied, 'as stated, from'
Bhrugu Nadi. Perceiving therein a cyclic repetition, [
could, in but a couple of hours, abridge the whole lengthy
set of Tables to a single page when subsequently printed.
My friend was really astonished at my method of conden-
sation bearing no sembla11CC: whatsoever to the mann'script:
But even then I sought his permission for publishing this
in my Text-book, under the abridged Table (now out of
print) and expressed therein my gratitude.
Many readers, including some competent astrologers,
who had tried the Tables, communicated to me their
appreciation of the admirable applicability of the ancient
Nadi method and of its charming simplicity, even lavish-
ing words of praise on me for having brought out the
Tables before the public for the first time and for thus
making the astrological public very much indebted.
Further experience with the method for welt: over t\vo'tlc-
cadcs has corroborated its utility and value.
I have mentioned in Chapter I what seems to be the
real import of the word 'Adhana'; in Chapters II and III
the vital importance of the Luminaries for subserving life
on our globe, and the views regarding the origin of life of
some famous authors on Cosmic Symbolism; in Chapter
l V,V & VI given as much information as possible, collected
from. several sources, on the Tatvas which according to
our ancient savants, have a definite bearing on the sex of
the human beings while the characteristics given of per-
sons born under the Tatvas arc my own inferences arrived
at after years of experience with nativities; in Chap. VII,
?.G Examples of Rectification, worked out in detail.
 The Book has been so designed as to be highly useful
to one and all, the professional as well as the novice to
Astrology.
The principal Tables F and G, based on different
intervals of time, are so ingeniously constructed by me
for the facility of very easy and rapid reference that the
same horizontal column against any Serial Number stands
for both the ruling asterism and the Sex. All other Tables
useful for ascertaining the necessary data before rectifi-
cation are given to obviate the need of other boots
of reference.
Kind readers are requested to communicate to me
firstly, their experience of the Tables of rectification, and
secondly, their views on all the explanations given by me
-perforce at the cost of some digression-on the Tatvas,
their characteristics and the like. All constructive sugges-
tions for any improvement will be fully valued and taken
up in the subsequent edition.
I am highly grateful to Sri V. Thiruvenkatacharya,
M.A., L.T., Vice-Principal, New College, Madras, who,
with his competence in both the oriental and occidental
systems of Astrology, after going through the manuscript
sent to him for perusal and suggestions, has encouraged
me to publish this book early, not only this, has spontane-
ously sent me his valuable Foreword.
My gratitude is also due to Sri K. Suryanarayana,
Superintendent of Excise, Masulipatam, who has given me
in time Raj an's work,now out of print, which has cleared
a doubt of mine, after erecting the extensive Tables of
Sunrise ; to Sri D. Sivarama Sastri M.A., Lecturer, Hindu
College, Masulipatam, for enlightening me on the formula
pertaining to Refraction and Parallax, given iu the
Appendix ; to all kind readers of my works hitherto before
them; in particular, to the Manager, B. N. Press, Madras,
for the admirable care he has taken in giving a neat get
up to this Book.

The Author.

iv
 FOREWORD
Dr. Bh. Satyanarayana Rao is to be congratu-
lated on his commendable attempt to bring out a
standard work on Rectification of Birth Time
based on our methods. The Hindus always insisted
on correct birth time or birth degree in all their
calculations, even though at present this habit has
fallen into disuse.
This important Work indicates clearly that
human births cannot occur at all times of the
day, which is an important matter for all students
of astrology to ponder over and study.
A careful analysis of the Tables given in this
book reveals that human births could not occur
every fourth minute of a day as one might lead
to think, and this problem IS well worth
careful study.
l have considered in my article on the
"Correct Birth Time" published in the Annual
Issue of the Astrological Magazine 1959, the case
of a child born on 26th Feby. 1958, at 2-45 p.m.
Wednesday with Krithika Nakshatra. The
mother's condition was weak and the child had to
be taken out forcibly with forceps at 2-45 p.m.,
even though the head presentation and Srava (flow)
took place at about 8 a.m. according to the mid-
wife. The birth chart drawn for 2-45 p.m. did not
satisfy me, and the Varahamihira's rule of recti-
fication answering to 8 a.m. was more satis-
factory ; and this assumption is confirmed by the
Tables in this Book.
I think that this method advocated in this
Book cannot give fictitious Epochs as is the case
with Scpharial's Epochal Theory.
Astrologers must feel grateful to Dr. Satya-
narayana Rao for this very useful volume he has
written on the rectification of birth time.

MADRAS, Tbiruycnkatncharya, M.,-\., L.T.,

Dated 24-2-1959. Vice· Principal,
New College-
 The N adi Rectification with Tables
CONTENTS
.,..
Preface iii
Foreword v
Introduction • l
Chapter I. The Epoch Versus the Adhaua 7
II. The Sun, the Creator II
Ill. The Moon, the Translator 18
IV. The Tat vas 2I
V. The Tat vas, their Rule and
Characteristics 29
VI. The Time Division of the I
Hindus 35 I
VII. How to use the Tables F & G
with 26 Examples of
Rectification in detail 39
APPENDIX
(0) The Moon's Longitude for any date 51
(b) How to calculate the Times of Sunrise
with Examples ; also che Equation of
Time for :my day) 52
(c) On Precession 60
(d) Values of Equation 6I
TABLES
Their utility and how to employ them 63
A The Week Day for any English date 66
B Values of Precession 67
C The Sidereal Times 6S
D The Nirayana Ascendants 69
E The Sunrise Times 73
(F G) The Tables of Birth Times, the Astc-
risms and the Sex. (for Rectification) . 82
H The Standard Times for Each Country 8B
I Town and Cities wich their Latitudes
and the Differences in time between
. the Standard and Local Times U9
Abbreviations for the used in
Table F ; The signs and Triplicity. 95
Iilii! LOG lv\ PH Y 96
vii
 FRONTISPIECE (See Page 95)

Revathi Asvani Krittika (2 qrts.)

16° 40' to 90° 0° to 13° 20' o• to 1o• Mrigasira
PfSCES Bharani (3 qrts.) 0' to 6° 40'
Uttarabhadra to 2fi0 40• , , Arudra
g• 20' to 16• 40' Kntuka 10 to 23 20 6" 40• to 20°
26" 40' to 30" Mrigasira Punarvasu
oo .to go 20' (1st qrt.) I 23" 20' 30° 20°to 30°
(4th qrt .. ) I (2 qrts.) (3 qrts.)
_ _ _ _ ·' ARIES__ TAURUS GEMINr _
Purvabbadra Punarvasn
20° to 30" o• to
(3 qrt.) (4th qn.)
Satabhish Pusbyam1
6° 40 to 200 3° 20 to 16° 40'
AQUARIUS Aslesha
Dhanista
The 27 Asterisms 16° 40• to 30°
0° to 6° 40' and
(2 qrts.) Their Duration Degrees CANCER
------
Makha
Dhauista and Mins.
23° 20• to 30' 0° to 13° 20•
(2 qrts.)
(Hindu Zodiac) Pubba 13° 20' to
Sravanam Ex- precession 26° 40•
10° to 23° 20• Uttara
CAPRICORN 26° 40• to 30°
(1 qrt.)
Uttarashada
o· to 10'
(3 qrts.) LEO
Uttarashada Visakba
26° 40• to 30° 0° to 3° 20•
I
Chittra
0° to 6° 40'
Uttara o• to 10°
(3 qrt.)
(1st qrt.) (4th qrt.) j (2 qrts.) Hast a
Purvashada Anuradha Swat! 10° to 2S0 20'
13° 20 to 26° 40' 3' 20, to 16°40' G0 40' to 20° Chittra
Mula Jyesta Visakha . 2S" 20' to so•
0° to 1S' 20' !6° 40• to so• 20" to 30' (2 qrts.)
(S qrts.)
SAGITTARWS SCORPIO LIBRA VIRGO
 INTRODUCTION

Rectification of the Times of Births forms a primary

and essential process in horoscopical work. Despite the
availability of watches and clocks in these days in every
nook and corner of the civilised world the times of births
can be taken, in the majority of cases, to be only approxi-
mate, but, however, not varying except by a few minutes
from the correct times. Much more should seem the vari-
ance when births were noted in "ghat is and viglmtis,.
before the introduction of the Standard Time in 1906
into India. But the astrologers then adopted some easy
methods of their own to rectify such times ; and rather
fairly frequently such times se11t to me have often been
found to nearly tally with those worked out by the Pre-
Natal Epoch system or the Nadi method given in
this Work.
The reasons for such approximations in the times of
birth are mainly two-fold. Firstly, the attendants at par-
turition are so busily absorbed in their primary duties
connected with both the mother and the new born baby
th;cl, though previously instructed, they often fail to note
correct times. Secondly, there are some eotlflicting
regarding the actual time to be noted. Some
'''''" that the correct time of birth is the moment
wh"" tlu: head presents itself (Shirshodaya) some when
tlo'l )o,doy comes out fully from the womb (Bhupatana) ;
yo·. I otiii'IJ whc:n the infant fiiSt 'often' cries synchronising
wltlt IIICl frrst breath it takes when out of the womb.

1
Often, because some infants do not cry though they have
taken the first inspiration. In all the Hindu texts, it has
been mentioned that the moment of 'bhupatanam• is all
important in Kaliyuga". •Bhupatanam' and respiration
may synchronise as, by the little movement by the former,
the latter usually takes place ; even without it, respiration
is a natural and physiological phenomenon. But there are
the infants who come to life only under artificial respira-
tion done by intelligent nurses or doctors. In such cases,
though few and far between, 'bhup.uanam' should be
ignored, and the time of the first respiration alone, the
•inbreathing,' should be correctly noted. For inspiration
denotes the very beginning of life by the entrance of the
'ethereal' soul (Prana or Jceva) within the vehicle,
the body.
Fully conversant with all these subtle complications
in noting the times properly, our ancient Rishis, gifted
with intuition and f orcsight, and masterly conceptions of
the Universe and of its uniformity amidst diversity, pro-
mulgated some methods of rectification. And of the many
the one given in the Bhrugu 2* Nadi is obviously the most
ideal one.
" Kaliyugn u nn agr of the world lasting for 432000 ycarr. of
which we have so far gone through nearly .1()()() thi!l \'uga
bcgianing around 3102 U.C. after the: e:ml of the l\lahabharnta hattie.
2*. Nndis arc bundles of palmyra containing amazingly
wonderful predictions, mentioning the names of con:suhivr.s, of their
parents, brothers, wives nnd sisters, written with a stylus, mainly
found in South India. \Vc arc not competent instate in what century
prior to B.C. lhr:;c were written to the dictation of the old
veritable nnd unrivnllc<.l Savants of Astrology, l"O!f.J. and the like
occult sciences. '11oc Nadi work by Hhrugu belonged to
many centuries before U.C:. and copies of nil these .Nadi:<> !\cem to ll;J\'c
been taken from the originals, mainly in Tamil, on palmyra leaves as
found at the present day.

2
 It would not be out of place to mention to the read-
ers that, for rectification the Pre-Natal Epoch method,
first advanced by Pwlemy in a very brief manuer, and
later on placed on a rather firm foundation in the last
decade of the 19th century by Scpharial, that great author
and research scholar, has found favour with many.
Mr. E. H.Bailey who worked in close collaboration with
Scpharial has since brought out commendable books on
the subject, such as "the Pre-Natal Epoch," "Astrology
and Birth control" which I recommend to the interested.
The law of the P.N. Epoch postulates that 1he posi-
tion of the Moon at birth is the Ascendant or the
Descendant at Epoch according as the Moon is waxing or
waning at birth ; and conversely, the Moon at Epoch is
the Ascendant or Descendant at birth. To work out cor-
rectly this method is not always easy for the Moon's place
considered with her latitude and declination is advised to
be taken and the degree co-ascending therewith determin-
ed, as advocated by the past authors; and such requires ac-
'lnaiutancc with Trigonometry. Epoch means the moment
of conception when fecundation takes place in the mother's
womb. This may occur anytime from within a few minu-
tes to five days or even more after copulation. Bailey's
I :porh also mea us, in some cases, not necessarily the
lfiOillcnt of conception but the lime when the ovum gets
1c:;Hiy for impregnation, which may occur some days
J,·folc coitus. And to take such epochs before coitus,
1u "'Y mind, seems to be illogical and erroneous.

I mpi tc of the excellent rules evolved, including those

II•• periods of gestation, long or short, some
II• 11111 tut moments of births arc obtained by the theory of
1 "" I', N. Epoch. 1 have recently come across an article
loy A Jayne in the Magazine of New York "In
 Search" for Spring, 59, wherein it was stated that
Johndro, after a study of 200 cases, found the Moon inter-
change to be WITHIN ORB only and that three other
astrologers, on an analysis of 500 cases, as also the well-
known astrologers Carter, Hone, Fagan etc. hold through
their rich experience, the same view as regards the P. N.
Epoch. Anyway the method is very elaborate and difficult
for an ordinary person to follow. But above everything
else, when the approximate time of birth supplied for
rectification varies by more than half an hour from the
correct time, the method is not at all useful. Then
remains the rectification method by the arcs taken for the
significant events in life with dates, and even this, which
apart from being Far more difficult than the P. N. method,
demanding much time and labour, is not entirely reliable
and is well above the reach of any ordinary astrologer. I
have indicated what, in my impression, may be the draw-
backs in the methods in vogue at present. At the same
time I am not unaware of the many merits of the P. N.
Epoch and of the life long researches made by com-
petent astrologers.

The Hindu Nadi method stands altogether on a

different footing. It postulates that the regular intervals
of time in any Week Day from Sunrise are governed by
the one or the other of the five Bhutas (Elements; Tatvas)
taking precedence in a definite and pre-ordained order
and that the Sex is dependent on the inherent nature of
the particular Tatva governing the minute of birth. This
is an eternal law. Tile moment of birth is invoilably inter-
related to the Astcrism of the Moon on any given day,
to the nature ·of the Triplicity of the ascending sign,
and to the Week Day. This leads us, therefore, to conclu-
sively believe that only definite, stipulated intervals of
time for the past, present and future, are allocated for
huraau births; while the times in between these arc
supposed to give birth to birds, beasts
and reptiles.
Births, therefore, seem to be caused by the Soli-Lunar
energy coupled with that of the planet ruling the Week
Day. For these two luminaries and the planets arc in this
ancient method comidered responsible for the creation of
human beings with their correct sex. The Sun sends forth
at regular intervals of time from the moment of sunrise
cosmic energy to the surface of the earth, capable of origi-
nating life while the Moon passing over a N akshatra each
day receives these waves and transforms them into a
medium, the embryo,whieh develops later into the physical
body. The Tatva of the planets ruling the particular inter-
val on a day determines the sex of the embryo and even
confers the characteristic constitution and qualities. Thus,
all the seven planets have their sway in the creation, and
indeed from times immemorial, they have been reckoned
a•1 significant factors in Astrology.

Just before the manuscript is handed over to the

Priuters, the following short article was published' in the
Madras Mail dated the 13th November, under the
caption, Radio signals from Venus and British scien-
success.
" London, Nov. 13: British scientists have used the
pi ''""t Venus to bounce radio signals back to the earth, it
1v11" announced at the Jodrell Bank Radio-Astro-
''""'Y Station.
The Duke of Edinburgh, while visiting the station
wloi•.h (lacked Russian moon rockets and American satcli-
"" the world's largest radio-telescope, was told how
Vnnn "hit" repeatedly reflecting signals back for 60
hours during last September. Venus is 30,000,000 miles
from the earth and radio waves took five minutes to travel
there and back."
This establishes the undeniable truth that planets,
situated millions of miles away, do exert on our planet,
the Earth, their influence which has been doubted, even
disbelieved, by astronomers, but for ever unquestionably
accepted by the old savants who promulgated the Science
of Astrology.
This Law of births dispenses with the day of Epoch
and the need of calculating it. But the conception of a
Bhuta and of its govern over a particular interval of time
is difficult of comprehension, as indeed many of the theo-
ries of our ancients are in the domain of philosophy,
cosmic relation to mankind and other occult sciences.
But any theory that admirably accords with the results in
practice demands our inevitable acceptance and adoption
despite our present inability to advance any rationale.
 Chapter I
The Epoch versus the Adhana
The word "Epoch," as used by the western astrolo-
gers, means the moment of conception in the mother's
womb. Then occurs the contact of the single spcr·
ttlatozan necessary to fertilise tlu: ovum, the beginning
of the biological process. It is the direct result
of the act of a "fruitful" union. According to some
tnt:clical authorities, the have been found to
tttovc at the rate of half a millimeter per minute i.e.
nhout an inch in an hour. But it should not be ignored
that the rate of movement, hence the time required for
the spcrmato7.a to reach the ovary, mainly depends upon
(he individual character of the sperm-the quality of the
seed varying iu each case-the part of the
rrrvtx to which such may be thrown, the force with which
rJu:ulation takes place, the length of the fallopian
tubes leading to the ovary and the like. These few
regarding germination had perforce been intro-
duced to show that the interval between fecundation and
du: act, in view of the various intricate factors, has
""' been so far definitely determined or probably cannot
I ,, by physiologists. Some Hindu authorities seem to
''"'' that such may reach the ovary even within a few
.,., 111111, or minutes or anyway within less than 24 hours
"" tlu•i' nssumption (in conformity with the views of some
I" , ..,.11t day Biologists) that these spermatoza to be
rllo"•• IIV<l cannot live after that interval.

l'ltt1 Hindu savants laid down that •Aclhana' Lagna

1, llinh Lagna is important for prediction. The
word "Adhana" in Sanskrit literally means "putting in
or placing in". ln Ph ala Decpika*, Adhana was trans-
lated to mean impregnation. According to the lexicon,
the word impregnation means saturation, infusion,
fecundation. In Phala Decpika3 in Adhyaya xii, Sloka 32,
was translated thus. "If birth occurs in a Lagna which
is the 5th or the 9th from Adhana Lagna, it is to be taken
that the native's good actions done in previous births
follow. If benefics occupy or aspect the Adhana Lagna,
the person born will be endowed with long life, wealth
and happiness." In Brihit Samhita in Adhyaya ii, Verse
14 was translated by the same author from which we note
that Nishcka 2* (First or frutifulcoitus) is meant to be
identical with impregnation.
I very much doubt if our ancients used rhis word in
any sense other than to mean coitus. It is not that they
were ignorant of Epoch, the biological occurrence. That
they were fully aware of all these intricate details is irrefu-
table. Their authoritative and monumental Works on
Sexology, not to speak of other Works on various subjects,
reveal beyond any shadow of doubt the depths of
their vast knowledge for which even Western authors
pay homage.
In all works on Eleetional Astrology (Muhurta Bhaga)
the ancients fixed auspicious times for performing
'nuptial' marriages. They seem to have laid great
emphasis on the moment of the act of coitus, the action
ostensibly known to man, and not on the Epoch, the
* Engli<h Translation by the late Pundit V. Subrahmanya
S:utry, 2). Translation by the same author.
2• Dr. R. !"\ag:uaja Sarma M.A., u.utt, ph. D, a veritable and
worshipful scholar in runny a subject, to whom I wrote for his
opinion on the word Lns stated that the 'Dh.ruva' Nadi
takes Adhana to be rhe •a:ne as Nishcka.

8
intermediary stage; and probably the two synchronised
in those days with full vigour to the credit of the ancients.
For conception is an unseen and unknown phenomenon,
heiug rather a mi<lille process between coitus, the primary
act, and birth, the final result.
From Brihat Samhita, Chapter xxviii, Sloka 25 is
reproduced here along with the translation by the
same author.
" Kendra Trikoneshu ssubhasthithc;hu Lagneshu saukkai
cha subhaisyamethah
l'ayaishilabha rc gathaighayayathprujamna yogcshucha
saswa yogam ;
"A man ought to have sexual intercourse with his
wife whcu the Kendra and Trikon a houses are occupied
by benefics, when the Moon and Lagna are conjoined
with benefics, when malefics are posited in the 3rd, 6th
tuarl II th houses and when there arc planetary combina-
tions ensuring the birth of a male."
1 give below another Sloka read out by a Pundit
while casually conversing with him:-
" Adhanai Sarnpra danaicha Vivahai Rajavighrahai;
Suhltnkaryaicha Yatrayam Chandra Dwadasaghaha
Soubhah."
This verse means that for coitus, for Simantam (a
1 y done by some Hindus to protect and promote
aJ,., Foetus) for marriage, for meeting kings, for all auspi-
, l"u' performances, for pilgrimages, the
M .. un, if in the twelfth house, is auspicious.
We are not concerned here with the Moon's position
lu tlar: 12th house which is an interdicted one according
111 alau usual cannons ofastrology,-howevcr given as an
• •• •'pliun-but with the actual import of the word
" 1\<lltaua ", standing here to signify the act of coitus, as
.daa:naly staled by me. Quotations relating to the utmost

9
importance given to the time of coitus, especially for
Nisheka, (the first coitus) can be multiplied but such are
unnecessary. According to the Pur an as, the great sage
and celibate, Parasara, finding the most auspicious and
splendid time with a very rarely occuring combination of
planets in the heavens, and unwilling to forgo it, co-
habited with a woman while sailing in a boat after having
made with his marvellous powers the heavens pitch dark,
only to give birth to Veda Vyasa, the author of the
immortal Vedas of the Hindus, who walked to the her-
mitage within scveu ghatis after the act. The great Sali-
vahana was another example. Hence, it may be reasonable
to suppose that a good time for coitus may result in a
good epoch followed by a good birth. And verily greatest
emphasis on the auspicious times for coitus would not
have in vain been laid in all the Hindu Texts.
[During my invc.stigalions I have found the posiliotu of the Moon
and the Sun in ahe horoscopes of coitus, epoch and birth inter-reb-
ted. Only limited data arc available in F. C. Dun's Pre-natal
Epoch nnd a few other books. 1 framed ccrtaio laws which were
published with J-:xampll'! in an Astrological Mogazint {I do not re-
member which) tinder the caption 11 Birth is au 11
around June,
July of 1951. I give hereunder briefly sumo of the rules published
for the benefit of readers interested in further research.
Tor the great law of Cause and Effect which is and anon at
work on our planet, the Moon, the most proximal body of all the
pl:me:ls, seems to have not a little sway. She acts verily as
the Translator.
1. The Moon at llirth is so .,itu•tcd that She is equi-distant
from rhc Lagnas nt birth and coitus. In other words, she is at the
mid-point of both the Lagnas, and ciMc by signs.
Or 2. The Lagna at Coitus is as much removed from the !\.foou
at birth as the Moon is from the Lagna at birth.
Or 3, The J.agn:. at Coitus may the mid-point of the l..agn:> and
the Moon at birth.
4. Thr. l.agna at Coitus may the mid-point of the Sun and the
1\Ioon (in case of irregular epochs or premature births).
[Let it be clearly noted that these Rules cannot be taken as at all
perfect unless and until such are tried over a number of cases with
correctly noted data, difficult to obtain.]

10
 Chapter ll
The Sun, The Creator
What woudtrful powers of insight, intUitiOn and
imagin:uiou our Hindu Savants of old possessed so as to
gain masterly comprehension of various intricate pheno-
mena of the Universe and theorise and establish innumer-
able laws connected with it, no words can adequately des-
cribe. The astronomers of the West have paid in their
monumental works glowing tributes to the wisdom of our
Hindu ancients. Of those laws, the fundamental one,
,.uuncctecl with the theme of this Work and accepted by the
present day astronomers and physicists is that life on our
owes ItS origin to the all powerful Sun and its rays
o11od that the impact of the solar rays reaching the Earth
its distance of 93 millions ofm.ilcs from is res-
ponsible for all activity on our globe, whether such per-
tains to a human being, a qunda•npcd, a reptile or a bird.
' loar macicnls further specified certain stipulated times for
tho births of human beings, both male and female.
Let us, for a while, pause to consider the greatness of
tla" Sun. This Luminary which causes our day regularly
I• aro very big that it is I ,300,000 times the size of the
I ,,, !Ia ; so heavy that it outweighs the united mass of all
olw planets by 700 times; so very unimaginably and
1111 "·dihfy hot that the photosphere, the outer envelope of
1 lu• 1\oua has a temperature of 7,000 degs. while the interior
I• "'l•••rutatre can only be guessed. In weight, 3 lakhs
in one pan as heavy as the Earth could not turn
''"' '1.1olc with the Sun in another. In brightness, he is
•'I""' to I} bkhs Full Moons. ln composition, the Sun

II
contains many elements found in the Earth, hydrogen,
calcium, iron, carbon, magnesium, cobalt, aluminium,
chromium, strontium, copper, zinc, cadmium, silver, tin,
lead, potassium, sulphur, phosphorous, gold, mercury,
nitrogen, helium etc., At the surface of the Sun the
gravity is 27 times as great as it is on the Earth.
On the basis of the existence of electro-magnetic
waves and of the power of diffraction around the Earth's
opaque sphere, hence of its ability to be a perfect or
partial conductor, surrounded by a medium of specific
inductive capacity, !\'farconi in 1<xl1 established wireless
communication between Jlritain and U.S.A. 1n 1<xl2
Kennelly and Heaves ide stated that the energy radiating
from the outer atmosphere capable of conducting electri-
city from the Sun would be reflected back to the surface
of the Earth.
The Sun rotates round its axis in about 26 days
revolving at 12 miles in a second, radiating a constant of
heat at 1.938 calories per sq. em. in every minute. The
extraordinary heat produced by the Suu spots travelling
with astounding speed, throwing out sparks at 1,000
miles an hour from the gaseous or vaporous Sun, generates
Electricity. Light travels, as we know, at the rate of
186000 miles a second.
Many effects of the Sun arc so far accepted by astro-
nomers except its effect on the causation of births.
They accept the magic power of the Sun to make corn
grow and ripen, also that the heat raises the ocean waters
in the form of vapour and sends vapour in the form of
rain to refresh the Earth and to fill the rivers for naviga-
tion, and causes breezes and winds that waft our vessels.
For all the beauty with which Nature is adorned we are
beholden to the Sun.

12
 Thus, long before astronomers had advanced their
views, our ancients rightly considered the Sun as the un-
limited source of energy, light, heat, magnetism, electri-
city and as the giver of the life principle or the breath of
life (Prana), comprising the act of breathing in and
breathing out. In fact, the whole Solar system is per-
meated by an uninterrupted flow of electricity, magnetism
etc., passing in and out of the Earth back to the Sun.
Every body, including the Sun, is rotating round its
axis, though at different speeds. The Sun, being at about
the centre of the Solar system and being the most massive,
and the hottest, causes the oilier bodies to revolve round
him. Sir John Hershel, the eminent author and astrono-
mer of immortal fame, who had discovered Uranus in
1046 with his telescope, writes "the Solar heat alone con-
stitutes two-thirds of the entire quantity of heat supplied
to the earth and to repair its thermal loss by terrestrial
radiation that without heat the Earth will have a tempe-
rature falling to a point that would be incompatible with
organic life.'•

The planetary bodies, revolving round the Sun in the

same direction coinciding with his own rotation upon
his axis, arc invested with mutually attracting power.
These are ever in motion in the universe with its conse-
quent ceaseless flux. The iuter-plailetnry spaces arc found
out to be filled with matter necessary for the transmission
of light and other forms of radiance, and the inter-stellar
r:tlu:r is the vehicle Tor the transmission of molecular
motion ; for matter is composed of minute molecules.
This molecular motion sent from the Sun is metamor-
phosed into vital energy. Waves of solar radiance
earthward from the Sun at the rntc of 500
trillions per second impart the motor energy to the atoms.

13
Tyndall says that the atmosphere is everywhere filled
with solid particles in which are found the germs of
monads and bacteria. The germs of all animals, as
Vonhacr pointed out, at the outset are very much like
each other in the process of development acquiring lirst
the differential characteristics of the sub-kingdom to
which they belong. The dissimilarity of the germs mani-
fest, for instance, in a woman's womb after 8 weeks, while
prior to this the embryos of man and the dog arc hardly
distinguishable ; the cells in these two cases remain undis-
tinguishable. Organic matter contains many albuminous
molecules in the colloidal form, in clusters of clusters, which
have movements in relation to one auothcr (John
Each of th c: numberless cells of which the human body is
composed is albuminous containing sulphur, phosphorus,
carbon, oxygen etc., Every one knows that the trans-
formation of the unorganised contents of an egg into the
organised chick is effected by heat (hatching). By the
stimulating effects on the retina and thence on the medula
oblangata (Fi;ke), Sunlight quickens the breathing and
circulation in higher animals and facilitates repair of
tissue. Consciousness cannot continue foran instant, un-
less oxygen is in contact with the grey matter of the
brain, and it is known that phosphorous is very much
needed or greatly responsible for the intellect. It might be
that phosphorous supplies the spark of life to the beings
on the earth. Spencer aptly says "evolution is an inte-
gration of matter and eoneommittant dissipation of
motion; during which matter passes from definite,
incoherent homogeneity to a definite, coherent heteroge-
neity during which the retained motion undergoes a
parallel transformation." The oxygen mingled with
Carbon, expelled as Carbon dioxide, represents the
dissipation of motion, stated above.

14
 The birth of an infant is the result of integration of
matter with dissipation of motion, effected and nurtured
carefully, rather surreptitiously, in the womb, till it acqui-
res the class, order, family, geneous, species, race etc.,
Aerial pulses recur at the rate of 16 per second. The
Solar system presents various rhythms of complex kind.
These rhythms occur as undulations. To mention a few
out of the innumerable rhythms, the axial rotation of
all the planetary bodies, the annual revolution of the
earth, the periodical revolution of the planets rouod the
Sun, the gyration of the earth causing precession, geologi-
cal rhythms responsible for the continual shifting of the
river beds, the growth of the mountains and their accre-
tions over a number of centuries, the perpetual trembling,
or swaying to and fro of the invisible atoms which form
visible bodies cannot but make us firmly believe in the
continual presence of an infinitely mighty force existing
all around us, responsible for the life and activity on our
globe,-originating, growing and terminating in regular,
well-defined, and rhythmical periods of time. Amidst
apparently complex diversity, there is amazing unifor-
mity, even monotonous, revealing order and method
known to Him only, and to know which man strives his
bc:st with a never ending thirst.

Physicists and astronomers of the West have, from

I hedawn of the 19th century, directed their energies to
xtudy the Sun and the spots. In 182G, Schwabe, a German
ustronomer, kept a complete register of the number of
on the Sun, their size, the time of their increase and
<lcerease, the length of their cycle (found by Lamout of
Scotland to be 11 ye:tu and 5 weeks) and the like. The
Sun spots at their maximum formation coincide with the
111aximum oscillation of the magnetic needle, as the

15
needle of a compass docs not point to the exact North but
is found to cl (verge frorn the meridian by an angle
different at different places. At Grccnw(ch, the needle
points to 17 dcg. West of North. It has been proved that
the time of maximum sun-spot activity is a time of
remarkable magnetic activity on our earth, for instance,
the observed radio fade outs in June-July 195!1.
Frnm the illuminating article in the Sunday Standard, 15th
March 19!i!), by Mr. Scott E, l'orhu.h, au ncknowlcdged cspcrt and
Chairman of U. S. Trchnical Panel un Lite Cosmic fo1· Inter-
national Geophysical Year, I give rather briefly some nf his senten-
ces. 11 Today it is known that about 90 per cent of the primary
cosmic rays which continually bombard the top of our atmosphere
from space consist nfprotuus which nrc the nuclei of the hydrogen
atoms; the balance is made up of alpha panidC'S, being nuclei of
the helium atom and some of heavier atoms .......... of these
charged particles have energies far exceeding tllnsc by any tn:tn-madc
accelerators, coming in all directions........ Suu ejects large clouds of
highly conducting gas which must carry w11h lht"lll magnetic fields
from the ....... _During the uwgnclic strong bursts of
X·H.a.)' were noticed to coincide with the large changes in the Earth 1 s
magnetic field.. These have :m nvc:ragc energy ofonc
lakh volts undoubtedly produced loy rloctron• striking the lop of
our nlmosphr:rc!'
Iu tht: same Weekly, dated 22ud March UllrlC'r the caption,
Medicine turn11 to Electronics by Rnlph S•·!!mau, it was staled
uall woodcr devices currrn1ly in for making hlood counts,
recording brain waves, clclccliug cysts, chemicals nt work in
human cells and suhttilllting ni:IILy lmpnrt:tnl Urf."'rt' nrc made possi-
ble by the ubiquitous clt:clrmt. one 1\fthe fundntnt"THal blocks of lhc:
univl"t!IC'. The electron 1:1 so elusive, tiny and at top
speed that it wuultl circle the earth nl11rr. than seven timC'PI n second.
Enough is JLnnwu to have put il to work us a servant of man ........ .a
111nrc dramatic device is 1l1r heart monitor and latter
strapped to the patient 1 s chest ahool .., GO jolts of electricity n minute
to gel the heart beating normally •K·'ill when it is m:tde to stop by
lhc former. Speed is essential since man can live only about four
minutes artcr heart stoppage..... j, hope that the blind would
actually 5« whose optical brain areas and optic nerves arc un-
damaged with an electronic device etc., 11
16
 As reported in lhc: Sunday Standard, Aug. 18, 1957, a new
revolutionary and giant telescope with 6-! Radio-aerials stretching
for a quarter of a mile is set up at St. Mary 30 miles from Sydney,
Australia, to study the Sunand the stars. It contains G4 saucer-
shaped dishes lilted lowitrds the Sun; c;tch dish hcing a sensitive
radio-aerial, fed on a recording machine, designed to pick up Radio-
waves travelling from the Sun and to study lhc: distant radio stars
and galaxies. This allows the scientists to sec 10,000 limes
more details than a good radar set. Tbc active regions which occur
around Sun-spots are I he source of most radio-waves coming from
the Sun. These cause magnetic storms, radio fade-outs and even
affect the weather. It is possible, therefore, that many more myste-
ries connected with the Sun would be solved on a rational and
scient Hie basis.
All this proves the unquestionable and unlimited
power of the Sun over the planetary bodies, situated
millions of miles away from him, to rotate round it ever
and anon at constant velocities and also over tbe inhabi-
tants of the Earth, their births, their existence, their exit.
Time is not distant when its mighty influence will once
again be firmly established by modern scientists.
An author has stated truly "while every one of
us knows the effects of Electricity and how mechanically
or chemically it may be produced, we arc ignorant still of
what Electricity is ; nor do we know what a Spark is in
the motor Engine, noticed before starting it, except to
signify to us that the live wires have been contacted,
necessary for movement "
Who can deny that the luminous waves of rays resulting
from the sparks of the perpetually burning Smi, reaching
the Earth rhythmically, containing minute colloid parti-
cles of radium, phosphorous, calcium etc. when combined
with nitrogen and carbon may not be responsible for the
life of man or beast with his or its mental equipment and
physical activity I
And rightly, many of the ancient nations like the
Chaldeans, the Chineesc, were Sun-worshippers; the
Hindus continue to be so even to-day.
2 17
 • l
Chapter III
The Moon, The Translator
The Moon, the biggest of the satellites, is distant
from the earth by nearly 2,40,000 miles. She revolves
round the Earth in 27*3 days. She spins on its axis in
exactly the same time that she takes to go round the
Earth. The day in the Moon is 29 of our days and the
night is 29 of our nights. She revolves round the pole of
the ecliptic in such a way as always to be inclined nearly
degs. from uprightness to the level in which she travels
round us. Thus we sec 51 p.c. ur even !rds of the Moon's
surface at one time or another with the balance remaining
hidden. Her blnck face with her convexity is towards us.
Thus she intercepts a little of the solar light, a small part
of which is reflected to the Earth. She is rightly called
the Qpccn of the night, the Translator of the rays of the
Sun. The Sun and •he Moon have been the objects of
adoration by all nations from hoary antiquity, under
different names, all signil'yiug respectively father and
mother, the soul and the body.
Astronomers agree that all vegetation on our globe is
due to her action, and that the tides, their ebb flow,
arc caused by the combined gravitational force of the two
luminaries. The Moon supplies the air, the water, the
food for all animal existence and sustenance. Her energy
promotes fertility, activity, growth on our Earth while
that proceeding Moonwards from our planet -on the
hypothesis of a double current passing in and out-brings
about debility, decrement and decrepitude. She rules cala-
mcnia, conception, embryo, foetus, child-birth, gestation.
The menstrual cycle in the female is intimately connected

18
with her revolution round the Earth in 27 days and with
respect to other bodies, especially Mars, in a nativity. She
governs the "mind" (Manas) and the animal instinct; the
ever-constant changes, formation, completion and dissolu-
tion. The systole and the diastole, the inspiration and
the expiration, the continual formation and destruction of
the blood cells, the fractional periods of rest are all sup-
posed to be due to the interaction of the Sun and
the Moon.
At the New or the Full Moon, the tides are higher con·
sequent on the greater attraction, magnetism or gravity,
whichever it be or all put together. Physicists opine that at
the New or the Full Moon, especially when the Moon or
thcSun is in conjunction with a node, with or without an
eclipse, magnetism or electricity between the bodies might
get annulled or diminished to a great extent, more pro-
nouncedly at the New Moon with gravity alone acting.
Hence it is that the ancients interdicted New Moon
days (except those at J\iahod:1ya or Ardhodaya
fulfilling other set of conditions) to be unfit for sea bath,
probably for the reason that the waters cannot impart the
solar magnetism so richly stored in them to those bathing
in it, or it may be that man, stated to be an electrical
body able to light up a 25 watt bulb for 3 rnins. (as stated
by an authority in the Sunday Times of the 29th Nov.,
1953), greatly deprived of it at such times may not endure
the force of gravitation alone exerted by the waters. The
latter view of mine, though somewhat speculative, might
be correct for deaths occur, a vast majority of them, far
more frequently, with all diseases, especially Insanity and
other nervous diseases taking a very acute phase, aud with
the rest becoming "critical," at or around the New or Full
Moon day, (also conclusively proved from enough statis-
tics and published in that authoritative Medical Journal,

19
the Lancet, in about 1928). Tbc quantity of magnetism
and electricity which are needed to sustain life in the
ailing man may get further diminished or cancelled at
such times. Gravity alone is probably incompatible with
and injurious to life. Our ancients probably for this reason,
I suppose, advocated the regular use of wooden sandals for
the feet, and of the skin of deer or tiger to sit on to pre-
vent or check the dispersion and loss of the magnetism
and electricity present in man.
The Moon represents the Water power (Arnbu),
therefore theJ ala Tatva, which is the combination of
three Tat vas. She is the negative force as opposed to the
positive force of the Sun. As all liquids, wherever situated
in a sea, a lake, or a flask, take the shape of the container,
she rules adaptability, motion,change, inconstancy, recep-
tivity, productivity which qualities are modified by her
position in the zodiac whereat the planet ruling the sign
and the one in aspect to her impart their own qualities
as well.
Time is not far off when manned planes will be able
to go to the Moon, if not to some other planets Venus or
Mars, and reveal to us very much more than what we have
known all these centuries.
Readers might have perused the article in the Sunday Standard
59, uud('r the caption. brothers in other worlds 11 by
!ltinslcy l.c l'oer Trench, liditor, Flying Saucer Review, staling that
Doctor George Huall Williamson along with six others actually con-
versed with men from another world at Dc:o.crl Centre, California on
November 20. and 'omc of them had the (lk\\urc of going
with them in their air ships travelling :11 t!.WO miles an hour for
sometime and that those men from Venus arc very friendly to us.
And these with the other given in iutcresting
article solved lhc mystery of the 11 flying saucers.'' The author also
stated that they were noted in our skies from the ('ar!icsl
times as recorded in the We will realise in not loo distant
futurb that the effects of the planet!, portrayed by our ancients, wilt
be found to be ax.ionmtically true.

20
 Chapter IV

The Tatvas
The ancient Hindu Savants, centuries past our
reckoning, postulated the existence of the five Bhutas
(Elements) permeating all matter, an imatc or inanimate,
in the universe. Bhnta means truth, the indisputable and
irrefutable fact of their ubiquitous presence inhering all
bodies. Each bhum has a characteristic quality of its
own, hence is termed tatva meaning quality in Sanskrit.
These five elements comprise Prithvi (Earth) ; Apa
(Water) ; Thcja light and (Heat); Vayu (Wind); Akash
(Space unlimited *(1) Ether). These were mentioned
hy them e\·cn in the all important S:mdhyavandnna
mantr:1 "(2)" in the same order as found from the earth
to the space above, following the geocentric method
of calculations adopted by all astronomers. These Bhutas
-coalesce and combine together very intimately and invisi-
bly, giviug rise to, and to be responsible for all physical,
physiological, biological entitles and changes. These
represent chc physical qualities only in matter and not the
chemical constituents.
The Hindus theorised that matter has mechanical
energy, heat energy, electrical energy, all combined in it.
* 1. .Modern physicists opine that the space, however immea-
surably vast, is finite.
*2. Saudhvavandannmanlrn a form of prayer in Sanskrit, the
recital and pcrfornL."lncc of which, taking about 15 minutes, is permi-
tted 10 the upper classes of lliudu society after the Thread-marriage
ceremony (Upana)•anam) at which function they are initialed into the
mantras to entitle them thereafter to read the Vedic literature and
other sciences (Sastr3s). This prayer is to be conducted three times a
day at ::tunri5e, noon and sunset.

21
The Heat energy (Thejo tatva) breaks up the cohesion
(slish, clasp or embrace according to the Hindus) of the
molecules in a solid, widens the distances between them
and converts the solid into a liquid. The same heat
energy converts a liquid into a gas wherein the molecules
arc torn apart and separated, during which process rapid
motion resulu with the help of the Wind ( Va}'u). Finally
extension occurs into Space (Akash). Thus, in the opinion
of the ancients, matter has all these qualities inhering iu
it and when under an environment there is preponde-
rance of some Tatva, the characteristic qualities already
existing in matter arc brought to the fore with relatively
characteristic changes in the form.
Physicists have all along defined matter as passive
and inert, possessing mass and occupying space. Boyle
and Newton treated matter and energy as two distant
entities or qualities, but Einstein stated energy as quality
of matter.
Thus, the equilibrium and stability of matter arc
disturbed to the extent to which variations or changes
occur to the components. To put it in another way, the
excess or the pre-dominance of one or more Tatvas,
brought about by any means whatsoever, by mechanical
or electrical, natural or artificial process, is the cause of
removing the inertia or the passivity and of thus distur-
bing the equilibrium of matter. This leads us to conclude
that all matter on the Earth (Prithvi) has the qualities of
each of the Tatvas in combination, incrtin, motion,
energy, extension, with the latter three qualities latent or
dormant when a body is at rest. All matter is a bundle
of infinite atomic particles of complex structure but
electrically charged, only comparable to that of the solar
system. The inter-plnnetary spaces are filled with matter,

22
a necessary condition for the transmission of light and
other forms of radiance. Every minute, indivisible
particle, called atom, has a miniature sphere of its own,
having smaller particles buzzing with electrical energy.
These arc in chief, the protons, the electrons, the neutrons
besides some other newly discovered ones of rather minor
importance. The proton, a heavy particle with positive
charge combines with a ncu1ron to form the nucleus of
the atom with no charge, and the electrons, small light
particles, with negative charge move round the nucleus,
bound by electric attraction- The protons which are
positive resemble the Sun, and the electrons resemble the
pbncts with negative charge, and probably Venus, Saturn.
and the Moon possess a pre-ponderance of the electrons as
these arc stated to govern female births (See Chapter V).

Prof. Thompson discovered that atoms of one

element may be transformed into those of another by
losing their outer ring of electrons. Atoms, he avers, are
atomic electric batteries with electrons with a central
pore or ion of positive electricity. Thus all atoms are only
compound structures of positive and negative electricity.
He also stated that electricity is found freely floating in
water; and electric energy, the elemental ingredient of all
life to the beings, is supplied by food, air, water, light
and heal for the continuity of life with the constant cell-
renewal and cell-integrity. Thus electrons form primordial
pre-requisite to all things. He suggests further a law of
natural selection of atomic species whereby the mineral
kingdom is hermetically scaled from the animal kingdom.
Harries in his work, Nature, Mind and Modern
Science, stated "physical matccr,-chc four elements-
can be combined in various ways and each compound
which results is a composite matter and form, each again

23
may become matter out of which the tissue of the living
things is formed and this again is matter in the animal
orgnn ism." This helps us to account for the different
degrees of mobility, activity, physical form, with many
variations and contrasts between man and man. It is
probable in my view that the protons and the electrons
arc in slightly dilfcrr:nt proportion in each individual,
accounting for the varying consitutions and
characteristics.
Electricity is considered by very many authorities as
a mode of motion, interchnngcable with light, heat, cold
and sound. Witness, for instance, the production of
electricity from the power of a waterfall. Akash, the
infinite and eternal space, possesses sound and electricity,
the vibrations of which travel wave-like (paris panda of
the Hindus) in the manifesting medium, the Wind (Vayu).
Akash, as Alan Leo puts it, is the spiritual agent undetec-
ted, and a material agent, the lumini-ferous
substance pervading the whole universe.
All, however, are in perfect agreement with regard to
the constant flow of energy producing charges in a con-
tinuous manner which cannot be perceived by the ordi-
nary intellect except by the highly developed intuition.
Intcr-stcllat· Ether, or Electricity cum Sound,-whatcver
it is, is the vehicle for the transmission of mole-
cular motion.
Electricity is produced in Akash considered in Upa •
nishads as the primary origin of all other tatvas, and the
*Einndn's Theory of Relativity and the .Miehelson-.Morle ex-
periment disposed of the presence of Hut we arc not much
concerned with what that agent may he so long as it is not deter·
mined, but all scientists agree lhat something, sound or electricity,
is present to serve as a medium for the lr;utsmission of the waves of
radiation from the dynamic sp;uk• of the Sun.

24
seat of electricity in man is the primary generator of
motion; and our bodies arc electrical. It is not improb-
able that our brains and the nervous system are the
centres, the store-houses of electricity. Spencer, an autho-
rity on Cosmic Philosophy, states that the souls of the
dead to whose powers no limits arc known and arc omni.
present can leave bodies and can re-enter them though
new bodies urc to be formed. Collins in his Synthetic
Philosophy of Spencer holds that the souls form their
own population in the rocks and cremation grounds (in
line with the established, but supposed to be superstitious
beliefs of the Hindus) and that the patients afflicted, for
instance, with hysteria and the like raving affections
manifest extra-ordinary, even super-human, mental or
physical vigour owing to the usurping spirit entering their
bodies. For life is accepted to proceed from pre-existing
life on the principle "cx-nihilo nihil" meaning that noth-
ing is made out of nothing. According to our ancients
and to Herbert Spencer, the souls of the dead, endless in
number, merge with Ether, get revitalised by the phos-
phoric radiance of the Snn and arc successively and
rhythmically whirled back to the earth to enter some
body or other according to the Divine law. But each
soul-atom thus charged again possesses affinity to a cer-
tain species. There must be equally minute difference in
these minute atoms, in my impression, either in their
structure, compos1t10n, mass or size, which arc responsible
for bringing forth a man, an elephant or a lion. But
these are indistinguishable in the primary embryo stage
when no structural peculiarities arc developed. For the
ovule of an ant, an elephant, a dog or a man defies any
clue for differentiation under the microscope or for sear-
ching analysis of a chemist or for the scrutiny of the
biologist. All start as protoplasms resembling the

25
 albumin-white of an egg, a jelly like substance, which may
develop into an ill-looking crab or into a fierce rhinocer-
ous or into a beautiful woman depending evidently upon
the environment, the human or animal womb, for their
growth and subsequent diiTerentation. The electric-oxy-
gen combined atoms rush forth towards grosser material,
the carbon particles, with inconceivable velocity and enter
the embryo.
At the beginning of the 19th century, Thomas Young
who was given all the credit for fronting the undulatory
theory (the 'parispauda' mentioned by our ancients
centuries ago) postulated that heat and light waves impin-
ging upon the molecules of bodies and agitating their
constituent atoms subject them to tremors equal in rapi-
dity to those of light and heat proceeding through the
luminous Ether. In the 17th century J. D. Cassini, and
later on many scientists, advanced different theories for
the causuation of "zodiacal light" which was described
by that eminent astronomer Sir John Hershel thus •• a
cone of lentricularity (lens-shaped light) extending from
horizon obliquely upwards following the course of the
ecliptic or rather the Sun's equator; the breadth of its
base to its axis extends by 8 to 30 deg. This extends
beyond the Sun, Mercury and Venus, and at the Earth as
a glowing band broad at its base near the horizon and
narrower as it goes obliquely ". This light is possibly
produced by the Earth going about the Sun with its
tremendous speed for millions of years ever siuce its
creation, or that electricity and light proceeding from
above to the earth ever and anon at tremendous speed
over the immeasurable time should have produced in their
passage to the earth the zodiacal light and in turn to be
responsible for all life and activity on our globe, let apart
that on the other planets.

26
 A. Report on the Radiation licit around the TCarth from E•son
<W. Germany) dated 26th Oct. '58 was given on 30th Oct. '58 in the
Indian Express, and it reads Lbll3.: 11 America 1 S 11 first Moon rocket
launched two weeks ago to a height of 79,000 miles showed !hat the
Enrth "''" surrounded by a bell of r:ulialion about 5GOO miles thick
according to Dr. R. Jastrow ofthc U. S. Navy Laboratory, Wash•ng-
ton, Tbc intensity of this radiation began about 625 miles up.
This radiation would expose lhc crew to the evil effects, and thus
the men arc shielded with lead of moderate thickness to overcome
this problem. 11
All atoms, according to Hershel and Clerk Maxwell,
of which the visible universe is built up bear distinct
marks of being manufactured articles. Tyndall rightly
observes " I affirm that no shred of trustworthy experi-
mental testimony exists to prove that life JU our day has
ever appeared independently of antecedent life." All
these opinions arc in favour of the established belief of
our ancients that our life is a continuous chain of births
and rebirths.
Let us consider, in the light of the modern theories
and conceptions as well, what these five Tatvas
stand for:-
The l'rithvi is the dense matter which, nccording to
our ancients, is nothing but the fields of gravitation of
the earth. It represents the solidarity, density, nmssivity
and gravity which make for the structure of the formation
of matter. The Surya Sidhanta states that it produces in
its surrounding a field of gravitation. Long before n
Copernicus, a Newton, a Kepler advanced any theory, the
ancient Rishis of India were aware of the gravitational
pull exerted by a planetary body, and this is obvious from
the very name, 'graha' given to a planet -indeed au
ideal, apt, short and single word in Sanskrit carrying the
full import of gravitation, as in fact every word is in Sans-
krit philology. This Pritbvi is the great storer of Carbon.

27
 Akash is the primordial tatva (Ether) from which has
originated Wind (Vayu); from the combination of these
two has emerged Fire (ThejaLight); and from the combi-
nation of these three tatvas has emerged Water (Apa) ;
and finally from the combination of all the four tatvas
has resulted the Earth (Prithvi).
Akash is Ether or Sound-cum electricity, the medium
for the transmission of the Solar energy. Vayu is, as we
know, the most important food being a mixture of oxygen
and nitrogen for man as he takes 2000 cubic feet of air in
24 hours. The nitrogen content is, however, preponderant.
A living cell cut off from air will die, with development
discouraged by the lack of environmental correspondence.
Theja represents the important clement, oxygen, agitating
atoms and revitalising the cells in the body. Apa (Water)
is the combination of hydrogen and oxygen with some
hydrogen preponderance : our body comprises 70 per cent
of water in the blood and tissues for the easy flow
through arteries veins and capillaries ; hence it is
fluid preponderant.
Thus, all life is subject to and is dependent upon the
presence of all the five llhulas, each of them contributing
its quota and playing its part in its maintenance.

28
 Chapter V
The Tatvas, Their Rule and Characteristics
The five Tatvas were enunciated by our ancients tn
repeat themselves in a definite cyclic order after every
one and a half hours. The duration of each of these
Tatvn on any day is uniform. Hut their order is depen-
dent upon the Week day.
Prithvi Tata lasts for 6 minutes.
Jala , >. 12
" 18 "
Thejn
Vayu 24
Akash 30

Total duration ,90 mins. (li hrs.)

Thus, each 'tatva' from Prithvi onwards increases by
b" minutes in duration over the one preceding it. J ala
and Vayu arc negatit•e, hence represent the female.
The Sun and Mars, being fiery planets, rule Thcjo
Tatva. The Moon and Venus rule Jala tatva. Hence,
it is that soon after Sunrise on any day begins that tatva
predominantly governed by the Ruler of the day, and
thereafter the Tatvas next in order to it • sunwards'
operate (See Table G).
Days Ruler Tat vas (first ruling from
Sunrise)
Sunday Sun Thejo Tatva.
Monday Moon Jala
Tuesday Mars Thejo
Wednesday Mercury Prithvi
Thursday Jupiter Akash
Friday Venus Jala "
Saturday Saturn Vayu
29
 All the nations in the world have ever followed the
·same order for the Week days on their confirmed assump-
tion that the five planets as well have govern over the five
days from Tuesday to Saturday while Sunday and
Monday arc allocated to the Sun and the Moon respec-
tively. As such it is not unbelievable that the planets
exert their own independent influence on the Tatvas with
that characteristic tatva of each planet beginning from
sunrise on the day under it.

The Characteristics
My investigations for a considerable number of years,
to the extent possible, to ascertain what distinct traits of
character each tatva might confer on persons born under
it, have led me to believe that some distinguishing traits,
mentioned below, stand truly typical of the persons, often
manifesting themselves to a great degree, from their child-
hood, or at other times working as an undercurrent
coming to the surface gradually with manhood and re-
vealing themselves. It must be, however, noted that all
such qualities are subject to great modifications according
to the sign and degree of the Ascendant in each case,
according to the Lord ofthe sign, its position, its aspects,
its proximity to the fixed stars and the like usual astro-
logical considerations. Therefore, the below mentioned
traits under each tatva may not be taken as •Ji terally'
true. But when interpreted along with other considera-
tions cvcu to an extent, the typical traits of each person,
their instincts and desires, hopes and aspirations, their
line of thinking, and the like would be found to be even
astonishingly true or at least not at much variance.
Jupiter is laid in with masses of cloud and its gravita-
tional force is more than twice that of all the other planets

30
put together. It rules 1 Akash, 1 the universe of
light or the electro-magnetic radiation fields, the
omnipotent Aether. It has warmth and generates Electri-
city. Thus, the planet rules such qualities as optimism;
cheer, generosity expansion, fullness, abundance and the
magnetic ' aura ' that surrounds every living creature.
Virgil rightly calls it as "omnipotent Father Aether," and
A ether is verily the living substance.
Mercury, the Quicksilver, is the mental planet which
gives the brain power and its motility. It stands for all
mental flights in the domain of Sciences, Philosophy,
Mathematics and the like. It rules commerce, trade,
Bank balance; indicates physical or health aura, as
brought about by the 'nerve 1 power,
Venus denotes the astral or psychic aura ; imagina-
tion, fertility of thought, love of ease, pleasure and enjoy-
ment, also of arts; of sciences, particularly Chemistry,
Medicine, Pharmacy.
Mars governs the physical aura, motivity (muscular]
energy, vigour and vitality, love of and ability in debate,
argument and rhetoric, the sex desire and strength.
Saturn governs • Vayu * the higher mind, contempla-
tion, meditation, introspection; isolation and frugality
enforced, patience, endurance and industry.
The Gunas or J>rcdic:uncnt :
Akash governs Sound (Sabda)
Vayu Touch and Sound (Sparsa and Sabda)
Theja Sight and the above two
(Rupa and the above)
Apa Taste and the above three
(Rasa plus above)
Prithvi Smell and all the above four
(Gandha and the above four).

31
 Prithvi T:th'a: denotes the physical or. health aura.
This is the foundation of matter. It is governed by Mer-
cury, the planet which rules the intellect and the
brain.

This Tatva is permeated by the influence of all the

planets, of which Saturn ruling Air (Vayu) predominates
next to Mercury. Persons born under this tatva, lasting
for 6 minutes, the shortest duration, arc self-reliant,
enduring, intuitive, prudent and provident, calculating,
cunning, practical, dexterous, ingenious, trustworthy.
Being as though representing centripetal
force, their thoughts turn inwards, striving with a firm
mind for self-interest and progress, worldly gains and
possessions, rather than for the acquisition of knowledge
in any branch, much less of philosophy aud other abstract
subjects or even religion. Thus they possess solidarity,
stablility in finance and mundane happiness. They often
succeed as able money-lenders, financiers, traders,
bankers, and miners who make fortune by the mineral
products lying underneath the bowels of the Earth.
Brihatsamhita says " the persons have a smell of good
flowers, enjoy pleasures, and a pleasant breath."
JalaTatva: governed by Venus and the Moon, denotes
the 'astral'or psychic aura; imagination, fertility of thought,
love of arts, ease, pleasure and enjoyment, with however,
at times some lethargy and indolence. It confers activity,
versatility, adaptability, sympathy, amiability, harmony,
hospitality, decorum, receptivity, submission. When given
to lethargy, they become visionaries. But when aroused
into action by the force of circumstances, they become
energetic, active and even tenacious, Though they
lack in vitality, their efforts in life are fruitful. They often
select painting, sculpturc,:music, horology as their pursuits;

32
 when not independent in profession, they occupy subordi-
nate positions. The same tatva of the Moon gives interest
in Politics.
Brihatsamhita states " they drink plenty of water,
speak agreeably, enjoy delicious things,"
Thejo Tatva: governs the 'mental' and the physical
aura. The natives are endowed with energy, restlessness,
fury, ardour, enthusiasm, vigour and vitality, zeal and
fervour, aggressiveness and audacity. They are brave and
combative. They rise to eminence and wealth by virtue
of some of these sterling qualities. They are ambitious and
devoted to principles in life, honest,_ and sincere in their
efforts. Eminent Lawyers, Politicians, Economists, Engi-
neers, Surgeons, Explorers, Soldiers and Sportsmen are
born under this tatva.
Brihatsamhita states " they are sometimes cruel,
irrascible, even hungry and gluttonous." But I do not
agree with this view.
Vayu Tatva: governs the supra-mental, being the
aura of higher self. It rules the practical or demonst-
rable things, the higher mind in man, the 'innate
wisdom' in esoteric astrology. The persons under this
tatva are best thinkers mainly in the domain of philosophy
and occult sciences. They arc planners and plodders
though at times with visionary ideas. They are originators,
but often poor in execution mainly through lack of proper
environment or opportumt1es. They arc active, agile and
alert. They are no doubt to an extent harsh, (not cruel)
to those, including their dear sons and relatives, who
swerve from truth, honesty and the like principles. They
arc quick and sharp. They can think or plan much ahead
of others but lack in stability and concentration. Their
ideas range over a wide gamut of topics, both mundane
and spiritual, as Saturn rules Vayu tatva. And as the wind

3 33
is swift, their thoughts are likewise, fleeting and changing
according to the time, place and occasion. Politicians,
Philosophers, Research Workers, Geologists, Monks (if
Saturn is strong) are produced under this Tatva.
Brihatsamhita states "they arc fickle-minded, lean
(weak) physically and easily lose temper." When Saturn
is in an angle and strong, I notice that the good effects
arc augmented.
Aknsb Tnh·a: governing the Aether and the electro-
magnetic waves of light generated by the sparks of the
Sun and probably sent back from Jupiter on to the Earth,
imparls recreative energy resulting in expansion and
vibration. The natives under this Tatva exhibit varia-
tions in their temper, mind and aptitudes. When the
environmental conditions are congenial and encouraging,
they reveal great traits of character, manifesting intellect
and imagination of a high order, unusual grit, zeal,
energy, interest, broad-mindedness, liberality. But when
conditions are otherwise, such qualities are often as
disseminating and dissolving as originating and forming.
With the frequency of both the positive and the negative
qualities at work and sometimes in conflict, they are as
assertive and optimistic as yielding and pessimistic. They
arc endowed with a good constitution and vitality. They
take interest in Philosophy, Finance, Law, Education,
Book-writing. They arc often Inventors, capable of rising
to great heights of glory and renown lasting longer after
them. Poets, Lawyers, Writers, Musicians, Scholars,
Educationists, Novelists, Inventors, Yogic persons with
mysterious powers, and all rising above the sphere of their
birth are born under this Tatva, especially when Jupiter
is strong.
Brihatsamhita states " they arc clever, open-mouthed
(frank); experts in Grammar, have limbs with beautiful
veins, divine nature, charitable, and devoted to friends."
34
 Chapter VI
The Time Division of the Hindus

All concepts of Time arose out of bare, perpetual

and unalterable astronomical truths. The Sun rises,
culminates and sets every day regularly. This pheno-
menon occurred in the same way millions of years ago and
is the same to-day. The Sun rules the aetheric soul
Qecva). The impact of the electric charges from the Sun
on the Earth reaching It at certain definite intervals of
time, is, in the conception of the Hindu Savants of old,
responsible for births on this globe. The interaction of
the Moon sustains the lives of the born, and this finds
acceptance of all astronomers and physicists. Scpharial,
the renowned author, has stated in his Text-Book that the
world-breath, according to Brihat Samhita and Brihat
Jataka, has definite and periodic pulsations, a systole and a
diastole controlling birth and death, and that births can
take place in any single locality at intervals depending
also on lunar motion, and only the seventh impulse of
the world-breath permits of human births.
In the ancient Physicists' Time measure, the day of
24 hours is divided into various parts, even into 2/45
seconds named • kshana 1 while four kshanas comprise
the time, named nimesha (8/45 seconds). One nimcsha is
according to them the time taken for any physical change
by a single antecedent step in a casual series prior to the
outcoming step. Each 1 kasta ', seconds, there-
fore corresponds to the time taken for each inspiration in
man, the vital factor symbolic of the presence of lift;
(Prana).
35
 (I) If J.,f- sec. (Kastha) brings on I respiration
In I sec. a, , , ,
In 60 sees. ( 1 minute) , lu X 60 ie. lSi
I think this is the correct figure for respiration and
13 is taken by the medical authorities as the norm.
(2) One-fourth Kastha (4/5 sec.) is the time taken
for either diastole or systole, and represents 75 heart heats
in man per minute.

The Ancient Astronomers' Time Measure.

I give this but only in brief.
One day (24 hours) is equal to 30 kshanas.
One kshana (48 mins.) 11 to 2 ghatis.
One ghati (24 mins .) to 40 kalas.
One vighati (24 seconds) and so on.
The ancients divided each sign into 300 parts i.e. a
degree into 10 parts, (as followed in the Nadis) and
named each such part in their inimitable way by assign-
ing one Sanskrit word symbolic of the effects thereof, and
only a few of even the highly learned scholars in Sanskrit
might be able to know what possible effects each stands
for (150 names for the first 15 degs. of a movable sign ;
and the same rotation from the 16th degree onwards to
the 30th deg. but in an inverse order). The ancients
knew the true significance of these names and hence men-
tioned them in the Nadis; and evidently based on this,
the very caste each person is born in, the place of birth
and such particulars, impossible of prediction by the
Science of Astrology as it stands to-day, were given with
amazing accuracy. Before going to the Press, I have seen
an old gentleman at Madras having a full record of the
effects of all these minute divisions copied from Dhruva
Nadi in the form of Sanskrit Slokas.

36
 The Sun traverses 360 degs. in 24 Jus.
So, one deg. , 4 mins.'
I flO deg. , 2/5 mins i.e. 24 sees.
"
The ancients reckon the duration of the present day
of 24 hours as 60 ghatis. Each ghati is therefore equal to
24 minutes. They again subdivided this ghati into 60
parts called vighatis; each vighati is equal to 24 seconds.
The duration of this time represents the completion of
J/10 de g. i.e. 6 minutes of arc of the Earth in a sign (by
the Sun in his apparent path round the Earth). Satya-
charya, the earliest author known to us, who flourished in
about 800 B. C. mentioned this sub-division and gave the
names of the Devas ruling each 1/10 part of a degree.
The Sun travels at the rate of 12 miles a second.
Therefore, in one Vighati, it travels 288 miles. 1t has
been ascertained by some astronomers that it takes six
minutes (some others say 8 minutes) for the Solar Ray to
reach the Earth situated at this huge distance from it.
But the ancient Hindus seem to have put this interval at
jaw· minute>. 1t was on these notions the ancients seem
to have subdivided the times into various fractional
measures.
According to the first Table herein, in one kasta
(16/5) seconds the Sun travels about 38 miles, the Earth
nearly 60 miles in her voyage round the Sun, and the
Moon 104 miles round the Earth. Thus, in four minutes
the Sun goes nearly 2880 miles, the Earth 4360 miles aud
the Moon 7880 miles approximately.
The Earth is found out by scientists as a huge mag-
net. When such a large body whose mass is estimated
to be 5.9 X JOH tons., whose density is nearly four
times that of the Sun, possessing the mean radius of

37
about 3960 miles revolves ever and anon at 18 miles a
second round the Sun whose mass is 3.3 X 10 that of the
Earth and whose gravity is 27.6 that exerted by the Earth
and who radiates boundless luminous and electric energy
at an extraordinarily inconceivable speed (luminous flux),
it is not improbable that numerous tiny particles, supposed
to be formed from out of the old souls, are whirled back
on to the Earth and to its inhabitants to re-enter some
womb or other at definite intervals of time, to grow in it
till such time it is fit to be delivered out of it and to take
independently the first breath.

38
 Chapter VII
How to use the Tables F & G with Examples
Table F gives a group of 3 asterisms under each
column headed Movable, Fixed and Common Signs
(Nirayana). The same group of asterisms repeats itself
after every 27 mins. Thus, the same order as at 6-3 a.m.
begins from 6-30 a.m.; again from 6-57 a.m. and so on.
Thus at 6-3 a.m. ; 10-33 a.m.; 3-3 p.m.; 7-33 p.m.
12-3 a.m. (the intervals being multiples of 27'), you find
under Movable ; Mrigasirsh-
Chittra-Dhanista under Fixed ; Punarvasu - Visakha -
Purvabhadra, under Common.
In Column I, Table F of the Asterisms against
the times are given the Serial Numbers and the same arc
repeated in Column II, Table G of the Sex to facilitate
easy reference by the reader who can run his eye
horizontally across the same line, thus leaving no
possibility of committing any error.
In the Columns II to VI are given the Local Times,
both A.M. and P.M. The interval between each success-
ive pair of times in the horizontal lines, say bctweeu
6-3 a.m. and 10-33 a.m., is 4i hrs. or 270 minutes. Like-
wise, with the rest. The rmud hours, as also 6-3 a.m.,
the starting point, are given in thick types to pick out the
required hour quickly when reference to the odd minutes
after that hour is easy.
N .B. When a birth occurs after 4-30 a.m. and before
Sunrise, subtract 9 hrs. from the time and refer to
the Tables.

39
 Table G, denoting the Sex, gives under each Day of
the Week, the letters M to indicate a male birth ; F a
female. The letter in Italics, given after M or F, stands
for the particular Tatva ruling at the time of birth. Thus,
p stands for Prithvi (6 mins.);j for jala (12 mins.); t for
Teja (18 mins.) ; v for vayu (24 mins.); a for Akash
(30 mins.). The total duration is 90 minutes.
Note: While the Asterisms repeat themselves in the
same order after 27 minutes, the Sex and Tat vas do so
after 90 minutes. As the L.C.M. of 27 and 90 is 270 mins.
i.e. 1t hrs., the Tables have to be extended to 4 hours
and for the multiples of the interval in order to bring the
Times of Birth indicated by the Asterisms as well as the
Sex by Tatvas into the same horizontal line to facilitate
rapid reference.
The Times in both F and G arc given on the basis of
6-0 a.m. as the time of Sunrise (local mean); WHEN NOT,
observe the following Rules, before reference to
the Tables.
(!) For Table F. When the Sunrise on any day is
before 6 a.m., add the interval between Sunrise time and
6 a.m. to the given local Birthtime, if after sunrise.
(2) If the Sunrise is after 6 a.m. S?!/;tmctthe interval
(excess over 6 a.m.) from the given local Birthtime, if
after Sunrise.
(3) If the Birth is before Sunrise, take the previous
day and the time of Sunrise.
(4) The Week Day commences only after Sunrise.
If, for instance, a birth occurs at 5-15 a.m. on 4th Feby.
which is a Sunday, and if the Sunrise on 4th is at
5-18 a.m. then the day of birth is to be considered as

40
Saturday. The Tatvas seem to commence after the exact
minute for the previous one is completed at such places
at which they are marked in the Tables. For example
on Tuesday, M(t) begins from 6-3 a.m. and lasts till
6-21 a.m.; but at 6-21 a.m. is marked F(v). So the
former seems to last till the 20th minute is over, the
latter commencing just after 6-21'.

N.n. For the purpose of rectification, four factors

arc to bo known beforehand prior to reference to the
Table F & G. These are
(1) The Lagna and its Trtplicity.
(2) The Asterism of Birth.
(3) The Week-Day.
(4) The Time of Sunrise.

41
 Examples on Rectification
The following Examples are worked out in detail to
enable the reader to know how to employ the Tables for
rectification, F and G.
IThc data for from No•. I to 12 and 24 :md 25 arc
taken from lhr. printed llook>, by Sri F. C. Dull, S. Rajagopola lycr,
Alan Leo, while the data for mou others whose births occurred in my
house arc taken from my records.]

The Lagnas mentioned in the Examples are the

Nirayaw1 ones, derived by deducting from the Sayana
Lagnas, the amount of precession (See Table B); So
also the Asterisms as in the Hindu Zodiac.
N.H. The TitncJ of Sunrise given herein arc worked out by
lhc Formula in Appcndi:< D. a11d dcnolc the times when
the centre ur •he Disc of the Sun is exactly on the eastern horizon of
each pl>cr of birth.
*For any factor to he known nfrcJh 1 look to the respective Tables.

Ex. I. Alan Leo, 5.49 a.m., 7-ll-1860, at London

Lat. 51 N. 3 0; Long. 0 W 5.
Lagna-Lco; Rev at hi; Tuesday; Sunrise 4-39 a.m.
Since birth occurred after sunrise, the interval bet-
ween 6 a.m., the starting time in the Table and the
time of sunrise on that day is I h. 21 m.; this is added
to 5-49, the given birthtime (20 sees., the corrn. for
5' W, is ignored). We get 7-10 a.m. for Table Reference.
Under No. 23, against 7- 9 a.m., we find Revathi, the
asterism in the fixed sign column and in Table G under
Tuesday, the sex as a male (a), whereat the factors per-
fectly agree. So the corrn. is (-l ').True time of birth is
5·48 a.m. under Akash tatva.

42
 Ex. 2. Mahatma Gandhi, 7.10 a.m., local, 2·10·1869,
at Porebundar. Lat. 22 N. 36: Long. 69 E 48.
Lagna, Libra ; Aslesh ; Saturday ; Sunrise 5. 55.' 30•'
Now, 7. 10+4' 30", i.e. 7. 14. 30 a.m. for Table Ref.
Under No. 25, against 7.15 a.m., the factors, the star
Aslcsh under the Movable sign column and the sex as M
agree. The corrn. is ( +30 sees.) True time of birth is
?.10•.30" a.m. under Tcja tatva.
(Before writing an article published in the Swnraj}•a in 1932 rela-
ting to the time of his release from gaol, Mr. Dutt had supplied to me
on my request the time nf birth as between 7 and 7.29 a.tn. men-
tioned to him by Gandhiji himself. Tbc time was rectified by Mr.
Dull by P N. l·:poch and given in one of hi• Wnrks.J
Ex. 3. Jagdish Chandra Bose, 4.12 p.m., Local,
30-11-IU:iS. Lat. 23 N. 38; Long. 90 E 81.
Lagna, Taurus; Hasta; Tuesday ; Sunrise 6-28'-43".
Now 4.12 p.m. minus 0. 28' 43" (excess over 6 a.m.);
we get 3.43' 17'' p.m. for Table Ref.
Under No. 18, against 3.54 p.m., the factors agree.
+
So corrn. is ( 10' 43 "). True time of birth is 4.23. p.m.
under Akash tatva.
N. Ii. lfwc take the earlier time i.e· 27' !e.- as 327 p.m. for
Tabk Ref., under No. 9, the sex is marked 'female' and does not suit.

Ex. 4. Queen Mary, 1159 p.m. 26-5-1867, London.

Lagna, Makara; Satabhish ; Sunday ; Sunrise 4.0 a,ra.
Now, 11.59 p.m.+2 hrs. i.e. 159 a.m., for Table Ref.
Under No. 40, against 2.0 a.m., the factors agree,
Corrn. (+1'). Born under Vayu tatva.
N. n. Alan Leo gives the lat. as 50 N 32 instead of 51 N 32 aud
probably her birth took place at Kcningston Palace, a little south
ofLootdon.

43
• • '1Ex. 5. Sri Aravinda Ghosh, 4.0 a.m. Local, 18-fl-1871
at Calcutta.
Lagna, Cancer; Pubba; Thursday ; Sunrise 5.41 a.m.
on 17th.
Now, 4.0 a.m. plus 19' i.e. 4.19 for Table Ref.
Under No. 81, against 4.3 a.m., the factors agree. So
corrn. is (-IG•). True time ofbirth is 3.·H a.m. under
Teio tatva.
N. B. The lime of birth was given to Mr. F. G. Dutt by a close
relative of Sri Ghosh, as recorded in ghatis sutd vighatiJ, before the
introduction of standard time and is therefore approximate. This
corrn. of (-16 mins.) is legitimate. Altemotivcly, if we Jake 27' ahead
as4.30 a.m., the sex docs not agree. Hen<"" the runner time, 3.•14 a.m.
only is to be taken as the correct birth time.
C. R. Das, 6.49 a.m., 5-ll-IB70, at Calcutta.
Ex. 6.
Lat. 22 N. 34; Long. 88 E. 25.
Lagna, Libra; Uttarabhadra ; Saturday ; Sunrise
6.10'-30" a.m.
Now, 6.49 minus 10' i.e. 039 a.m. (ignoring sees.)
for Table Ref.
Under No. 15, against 6.45 a.m., the factors agree.
So corrn. is ( + 6). True time of birth is 6.55 a.m. under
Akash tatva.
Ex. 7. Rabindranath Tngorc, 3.52 a.m., 7-5-1861,
Lat. 22 N. 40; Long. 88 E. 30.
Lagna, Pisces; Rcvathi ; Monday ; Sunrise 5.28 a.m.
on 6th.
Now, 3.52 plus 32 mins. i.e. 4.24 a.m. for Table Ref.
N. B. There ha\"C been differences of opinion regarding his
birthtime, as mentioned in lyer's New Era Directions,
p. 161; Dutt g:>.ve it as 4 a.m. n• supplied to him by n ncar relative of
the poet; others gave il with wide divergences. The correct time by
this method is 20 m in•. earlier than 1he above.

44
 Under No. 84, against 4.12 a.m., the factors agree.
So corrn. is (-12'). True time of birth is 3.40 a.m. under
Akash tatva.
Ex. 8. Male, 1.30 p.m., 10-4-1882, at Calcutta.
Lagna, Cancer; Purva&hada; Tuesday ; Sunrise
5.48'.14".
Now, 1.30 p.m.+l2 mins. i.e. 1.42 p.m. for Table Ref.
Under No. 63, against 139 p.m., the factors agree, so
corrn. is (-3'}. True time of birth is 127 p.m., under
Tejo tatva.
(The data relate to the nativity of the late F. C.
Dutt, Triple M.A., and Secretary of the Chirological
Society, Calcutta, from 1901 and a reputed author. He
rectified the time by P. N. Epoch as 1.28'.26" p.m., and
the N adi time above is only about a minute earlier.)
Ex. 9. Boy, 156 a.m., Local, 22-9-1934 at Calcutta.
Lagna, Cancer; Satabhish; Friday; Sunrise on
21st, 5.52.
Now, 1.50 a.m.+8 mins. i.e. 2.4 a.m. for Table Ref.
Under No. 40, against 2.0 a.m. 1the factors agree.
So Corrn. is (--4'). True time of birth is 152 a.m. under
Akash tatva.
Ex. 10. Boy, 6.5B a.m., Local, 26-6-1908, at Calcutta.
Lagna, Cancer; Rohini; Saturday; Sunrise 5.21 a.m.
Now, 6.58 a.m.+39 mins. i.e. 7.37 a.m. for Table Ref.
Under No. 29, against 7.27 a.m. only, the factors
agree. So corrn. is (-10'). True time ofbirth is 6.48 a.m.
under Tejo tatva.
(Dutt in his Book, Pre-natal Epoch, stated that the
infant was delivered unconscious and brought to life after
an hour. In the light of the circumstances mentioned
above, this time 6.48 a.m. may be correct, when the first
inspiration should have taken place, though earlier by
10 mins. than given by Dutt).

45
 Ex. 11. Sri Moraji Desai, 12.58 p.m., 29-2-1896, at
Bhadelie (since this place is not given in the Atlas Index,
Bombay is taken.) Lat. 18 N. 5i: Long. 72 E. 55.
Lagna, Gemini; Pubba; Saturday; Sunrise 6.22 a.m.
Now. 12.58 p.m.-22 mins. i.e. 12.36 p.m. for Tab. Rf.
Under No. 41, against 12.33 p.m. the factors agree.
So Corrn. is (-3'). True time of birth is 12.55 p.m.
under Almsh tatva.
Ex. 12. King GeorgeV, 1.18 a.m., 3-6-1865, at Lond.
Lagna, Pisces; Uttara ; Friday ; Sunrise 3.54 a.m.
on 2nd.
Now, 1.18 a.m.+2h. 6 m. i.e. 3. 24 a.m. for Tab. Rf.
Under No. 69 against 3.27 a.m. the factors agree.
So corrn. is ( + 3'). True time of birth is 121 a.m.
under Tejo tatva.
(Pearce in his Text-book corrected the time to
1.15 a.m. and the later authors, including Robson, to
120 a.m., using the same arcs method.
Ex. 13. :::.ri Baburao I';Hcl, (Editor, Filmindia),
5.47 p.m., 4-4-1904, Lat. 19 N. 42; Long. 72 E 46
Lagna, Virgo ; Anuradha; l'vlon.: Sunrise 5.55 a.m.
Now, 5.47 p .m .+5 i.e. 5.52 p.m. for Table Ref.
Under No. 56, against 5.48 p.m., the factors agree.
So corrn. is ( - 4'). True time of birth is 5.43 p.m. under
Akash tatva.
Ex. 14. Self, 8.33 p.m., Local, 31-3-18%, at t>.fasuli-
patam. Lat. 16 N. 12 ; Long. 81 E 15
Lagna, Libra ; Visakha ; Tuesday ; Sunrise 5.59 a.m.
Now, 8.33 p.m.+ I min. i.e. 8.34 p.m. for Table Ref.
Under No. 23, against 8.39 p.m., the factors agree.
So corrn. is ( + 5'). True time of birth is 8.38 p.m. under
Akash tatva.

46
 (Dutt rectified by P.N. Epoch the time to 8.33 p.m.
but as stated elsewhere, slight differences occur for the
reasons given).
Ex. 15. Female, 8.33 a.m.I.S.T. {8.28local), 18-5.1919.
Lat. 16 N. 15; Long. 81 E 13
Lagna, Gemini; 1VI:ula; Sunday, Sunrise 5.33 am.
Now, 8.28 local+27 mins. i.e. 8.55 a.m. forTable Ref.
Under No. 58, against 8.54 a.m. the star in
Common sign and the Sex agree. So corrn. (- 1'). True
time of birth is 8.27 a.m. local or 8.32 a.m. I.S.T. under
Jala tatva.
Ex. 16. Male, 9.32 a.m. J.S.T., (9.28 local) 3·6·1920
Lat. 17 NO; Long. 81 E 30
Lagna, Cancer; Mula ; Thursday, Sunrise 5.29 a.m.
Now, 9.28 plus 31 min. i.e. 9.59 a.m. for Table Ref,
Under No. 80 against 10 a.m., the factors agree. Corrn.
is ( + I•). True time of birth is 9.29, local mean, under
Tejo tatva.
Ex. 17. Male, about 4.10 a.m. l,S.T., 17-6-1931,
Lat. 16N. 12; Long. 81 E 15;
Lagna, Taurus; Arudra; Tuesday; Sunrise 5.32 a.m.
Now, 4.5 local +28 mins. i.e. 4.33 a.m. for Table Ref.
Deduct 9 hrs .; we get 7.33 p.m. (since Tables are
given till 4.30 a.m. only).
Under No.2, against 7.36 p.m., the factors agree.
Corrn. is (+3'). True time of birth is 4.8 a.m. local mean,
under Tejo tatva.
Ex. 18. Male, 4.45 a.m. I.S.T. 24-1-1936,
Lat. 16N 12 Long,; 81 E 15.
Lagna, Sagittarius; Uttarashada ; Thursday night ;
Sunrise 6-36 a.m.
Now, 4.40 local (minus 9 hrs.) i.e. 7.40 p.m. minus 36'
i.e. 7.4 p.m. for Table Ref.

47
 Under No. 78 against 6.54 p.m., the factors agree.
Corrn. is ( -10'). True time of birth is 4.30 a.m. local,
i.e. 4.35 a.m. I. S. T. under Tejo Tntva.
Ex. 19. Male, 7.50 p.m. local, 11-'1-·1938,
Lat. & Long. same as above.
Lagna, Libra; Pubba; Monday; Sunrise 5.51 a.m.
Now, 7.50 plus 9 mins. i.e. 7.59 p.m. for Table. Ref.
Under No. 9, against 7.57 p.m. the factors agree. Corrn.
is (- 2'). True time of birth is 7.48 p.m. local mean,
under Tejo tatva.
Ex. 20. Male, (son of Ex. 17 nativity), 5.21 a.m. local,
24-5-1957, Lagna, Taurus; Uttarabhadra; Thursday night;
Sunrise 5.32 on 23rd.
Now, 5.21 plus 28 mins. i.e- 5.49 a.m. for Table Ref.
Deduct 9 hrs. as birth is a few minutes before the sunrise.
we get U.19 p.m. Thursday.
Under No. 22 against 8.36 p.m. the factors agree. So
corrn. is (-13'). True time of birth is 5.8 a.m. local,
under Tejo tatva. (this difference is quite possible with
his birth in his maternal grandfather's house).
Ex.21. Male, 1.55p.m. l.S.T., 2-ll-194!l, Madras,
(local time 9' 12" less)
Lagna Aquarius; Uttarabhadra, Wednesday,
Sunrise. 5.58 a.m.
Now, 1.46 local+2 mins. i.e. 1.48 p.m. for Table Ref.
Under No. 67, against 1.51 p.m. the factors agree.
Corrn. is ( + 3'). True time of birth is 1.49 local, under
Tejo tatva. (the birth was in a hospital at Madras).
Ex. 22. Male, 6.25 a.m. 1,S.T. 14-10-1954 at Masuli-
patam.
Lagna, Libra; Bharani, Thursday; Sunrise. 5.55 a.m.
Now, 6.20 local+5 mins. i.e. 6.25 a.m. for Table Ref.

48
 Under No.9, against 6.27 a.m. the factors agree.
Corrn. is (+2'). True time of birth is 6.22 local, under
Akash tatva.
Ex.23. Female, l.llp.m.I.S.T. 27-8-1953, Masuli-
patam.
Lagna, Scorpio; Uttarabhadra, Thursday; Sunrise
5.51 a.m.
Now, 1.6local+ 9mins.i.e. 1.15 p.m. forTablcRcf.
Under No. 58, against 1.24 p.m. only the factors
agree. Corrn. is ( +9'). True time of birth is 1.20 I. S. T.,
under Vayu tatva.
Ex. 24. King George VI, 3.5 a.m., 12-12-'95, London.
Lagna: Libra ; Visa.kha; Wednesday night;
Sunrise 8.3 a.m.
Now, as the Sunrise is 2 h. 3 m. later than 6.0 a.m.,
deduct this interval from 3-5 a.m., we get 1-2 a.m. for
Table Reference.
Under No. 23, against 1-9 a.m. only, the factors
+
agree. Corrn. is ( 7'). True time of birth is 3-12 a.m.
under Akash Tatva.
Ex. 25. Mrs. Annie Bcsant, 5-29 p.m., 1-10-1847,
London.
Lagna, Pisces, Punarvasu; Friday; Sunrise 6-7' "40 a.m.
Now, 5-29 minus 7'-40" is 5-21'-20" for Table Ref.
Under No. 46, against 5-18 p.m., the factors agree.
Corrn is ( -3'). True time of birth is 5-26 p.m. under
tatva.
Alan Leo gave this time as 5-29 p.m. This small COrtl'l. of 3' 20"
rosy be right especially when the birth took place a century ago
before the clocks became popular, and the time of birth was given
hy her to be approximate though the author corrected it by the Arcs
method and the like.

4 49
 Ex. 26. Male, 6-7 a.m. I.S.T. 22-10-59, Masulipatam.
Lagna, Libra; Mrigasirsha; Thursday; Sunrise
5-57 a.m.
Now, 6-2 local, plus 3' i.e. 6-5 a.m. for Table Ref.
Under No. 3, against 6-!J a.m. the factors agree. So
corrn. is ( +4'). True Time of birth is 6-11 I.S.T. The
Lady doctor in attendance asked us to look to the time
soon after delivery. 1t was 6-7 am. I.S.T. But the infant
was reported not to be breathing nor could the Doctor
and the nurse immediately attend on the infant, After
artificial respiration measures were employed, the infant
took the first breath at 6-11 a.m. I.S.T. and thereafter
slowly came to life. This is the recent birth in my house of
a grandson whose birth proves the veracity of the method.

50
 Appendix A
The Moon's Long. for any past or future date
With an error of not more than 30 mins we can find
out the Moon's longitude for any day of any year.
Mclhod: (a) Subtract 12 years. (b) add 57 days
Add 121 deg. 10 mins. to the Moon's longitude on Noon
on that day obtained after (a) and (b). This will give her
longitude at Noon on the day required.
Example '•
(a) Required date Oct. 3, 1957
Deduct 12 years 12

Oct, 3, 1945
(b) Add 57 days 57,

Nov. 29, 1945

(c) Longitude of Moon at
noon on 29-11-1945 9 libra 51 mins.
Add 121 deg. lO mins. 121 10

II Aquarius 1 min.

The Ephemeris gives the Moon's longitude on this

date as 11° Aq. '17'. We get the position but with an
-error of only 44 seconds.
N-B· 1f the year 1900 or any other century which is
not a leap year is contained during the period of years
subtracted, add 56 days instead of 57.
(This method was given in Alan Leo's Oasring the Horoscope).
To find out the asterism of the day, deduct the preces-
sional amount given in Table B. from the Moon's posi-
tion and refer to Diagram at Frontispiece.

51
 N.B. When we do not have the Ephemeris for any
year for which the date of birth is given for rectifi-
cation, the Moon's position in the Zodiac, one of the
data required, can be ascertained.

Appendix n
How to calculate the Times of Sunrise
The Times of Sunrise are always reckoned as local
times aud followed by the Hindus in casting horoscopes.
They vary much according to the latitudes of the places
on the same dates, and again are not uniform at any
given place on the different days of a year. But for the
same dates in any one locality they are the same, except
for a very slight difference, arising in about half a
century. Anyway, as the N adi correction of the birth
time demands the correct minute of sunrise, as one of the
factors, two methods, one astrological and the other
astronomical, (names only for differentiation) of calcula-
ting sunrise times are given below:-
(A) Take the Sun's position at Noon for Greenwich
(if Raphael's Ephemeris is used) and from this deduct the
motion of the Sun for the place of East longitude or add
if West (converted into hours and minutes by dividing the
longitude by 15, sec step a. 1 in Ex. 1). Thus, the Sun's
longitude at Noon for that place is known. Call this S. N.
(Sun at Noon). If birth is before sunrise, ascertain the
sunrise time for the pre·vio!t8 day; if after, for the same day,
to ascertain the time in hours and minutes elapsed
from sunrise. Similarly, the sidereal Time at Noon on the
previous or the same day is taken.
(B) From the S. T. of the Noon, deduct the S. T.
when the S. N. degree and minute is rising i.e. becomes
the Ascendant under the latitude of the place from

52
Raphael's Tables of Houses. The difference denotes
the intervening sidereal hours between the Sunrise and
Noon, (called Hour angle), and when this iuterval of time
is deducted from 12 hrs. the approximate sunrise time
is known.
Then, for greater accuracy, deduct the motion of the
Sun for the number of hours and minutes between Noon
and Sunrise to get the Sun's exact position at Sunrise.
Then deduct the S. T. of the Sun with its longitude rising
from the S. T. of the Noon with the usual corrections, as
shown in the Example below :-We get the hour angle
which when deducted from 12 hours gives the time
of Sunrise,
Ex, 1. Find Sunrise Time on 31·3-l!J57, for birth at
4 a.m. at Bombay, Lat. IB"N 51'; Long.
72°E 55' (4 hrs.-51 '·32")
A.Astrological ?neihod:
First find out the approximate Sunrise time
(a) The Sun at G .M .T. on 30th Noon
9° 31' 16" Aries
(the previous date since birth is
before Sunrise of 31st)
fai) Less motion for
4 hr. 51 min. 40 sec. East 0 12 2
long, at 0-59-18 per day
between 29th and 30th
(b) Sun's position at Noon,
------
go 19' 14-• Aries
Bombay
(c) S. T. of Sun 9°-19'-14" H. M. s.
rising under 19° lat. 18 29 10 ( -)
(d) S. T. Noon 30th (with
49 sec.) corrn. for East long 0 29 37 (+)

Less hrs. before Noon (by 6 0 27

deducting (c) from (d)
adding 24 hrs. to (d)
53
 This when deducted from 12 hrs. gives 6 a.m
appxly for Sunrise.
For (/TWler accuracy ascertain the Sun's position at
Sunrise i.e. for 6 hrs. (less)
(a) The Sun at Noon, Bombay
(as in b above) 90 19' 14" Aries
Less for 6 hrs. at 0°-59'-l!l" 0 14 50
per day
(b) The Sun at Sunrise, Bombay 9 4 24 Aries
(c) S. T. Noon, 30th H. M. S.
(as in d above) 0 29 37 -plm 24 hrs.
(d) S. T. () 0 -4'-24' Aries rising
under 19 N. Lat. 18 28 22

H. M.S.
(c) Time before Noon 6 1 15
(f) Minus corrn. from sidereal to mean
time at 10 sees. per hour 0 1 1
6 0 14
(g) Deduct from 12 12 0 0

(h) Sunrise 5 59 47 a.m..

B. Astronomical metllotl: formula is as below :-

Cos. H=1,1imtstan rpx tanS
H denotes the hour cmgle in degrees which, when divi-
ded by 15, gives the hours and minutes before local
Mean Noon; tf the latitude of the place ; £ the declina-
tion of the Sun at Noon for the place. This hour angle
denotes the Apparent interval between Sunrise and Noon
and is to be deducted from the Local Mean Time of the
Noon to get the Sunrise Time. Say ana declination alone
is to be used.

54
 The true (Apparent) Noon and the local merm Noon
times are not the same except for 4 days in a year. The
difference between the two is the Equation of time to be
added to ordeducted from 12 hrs. Apparent Noon for the
day chosen. 1n Appendix D, these values are given.
For greater accuracy, the following procedure is to
be adopted.
Equation of Time '•
H.M. S.
(a) S. T. Noon on 30th G. M. T. 0 30 26
(b) Corm. for E Long, 0 0 49

(c) S. T. Noon Bombay 0 29 37

(d) S. T. of Sun 9°-19'-14" Aries onM.C.O 34 15

Diff. is E (Equation of Time) 0 4 38

(Appendix D gives 4' 20; Diff. for 60 yrs. is 18" only.)

This is a plus quantity as the Sun comes to the upper
meridian later than the Noon. But when the Sun culmi-
nates earlier than Noon, the Equation is a minus quantity.
This is to be added or subtracted from 12 True Noon to
get the local Mean time of Noon.
N.D. Since we multiply tan. lat. and tan. declu., we must
take the log. tan of them, while applying Logarithms.
(A) Log. cos. H=
-log. tan 18°-51' (!at) T.5333
log. tan 3° N 43' (dccln.) 2.8110

ss·-w 2.3443
(Refer to log. cos. page) H -=mimt.!BS"-44'. Since
minus cos 0 is equal to (180 minus cos !9), HlO minus 88°-•H'
i.e. equal to 91°-16' i.e. 6 h. 5 m. 4 sees. as the Hour angle
in Apparent Time.

55
 H.M. S. '
B. True or Apparent noon 12 0 0 *•
+ Eqn. + 0 4 38
Local Mean Noon 12 4 38
Deduct H. (hour-angle) 6 5 4

Sunrise 5 59 34

The Ephemeris gives 5-56 a.m. Our answer is

3 minutes 34 sees. later than tl1e above. Explanation for
this difference is given below:
Note '• (1) When the declination is South, with North
latitude, H, the hour angle, becomes a plus quantity,
and deduction from 180° is not needed.
2. For Southern latitudes with North declination,
deduct the hour angle from 180 degrees to get a plus
quantity for H. and then apply Equation.
3. For South latitudes and South declination, consi-
der the hour angle as a positive value and no deduction
from lll0° is necessary, but apply equation as usual. We
get the Sunrise Times.
ExplaiUltion : The times of Sunrise from the above
methods represent such moments when the Sun's Centre of
the disc coincides with the degree, minute and second of
the horizon rising in the East. These times alone when the
Sun transits the degree of the horizon arc significant for
the purpose of Astrology. Mr. Rajan in his· Work, Raja
Jyothida Ganitham has stated thus, "By the effects of
refraction and parallax, the centre of the Sun's disc
appears to rise 2 mins. I!) sees. earlier than the calculated
time, but the upper limb of the Sun's disc will appear to
rise 3 mins. 23 sees. earlier. Yor astrological purposes,
we require only the calculated time of the rising of the

56
Sun." Since a body diminishes in apparent size in pro-
portion to its distance from the spectator, the mean
semi-diameter of the Sun is 16' 6" while the least is 15' 50*
and the greatest is 16' 23". Hence, owing to this, and to
other astronomical reasons, the amount of refraction and
parallax and irradiation varies from about 3 mins. in
lower latitudes to even 10 mins. in latitudes from
the customary times of Sunrise given in any Ephemeris,
especially for some dates in a year.
That this amount is variable is shown and derived
51
by the Formula ""T.• -:==:::::;:::=:::::;:::=:= (minutes of time)
l:>V 9-sin 1 0
Where 9 is the latitude of the place and 6 the decli-
nation of the Sun.
51
OR by the Formula ...5 cos 6 sin i-1 (minutes of
time) where 9 is the latitude ; 8 declination of the Sun ;
H, the. time of Hour angle of the Sun when its centre is on
the horizon.
1 have given these, though unnecessary, to show that
the amount is variable, and one may observe that the
higher the latitude the less will be the denominator, and
hence the greater will be the difference in minutes between
the Sunrise Times given in Table E and those in any
Ephemeris.
As it is established that there is no horizontal gravita-
tional force when the Moon is exactly on the horizon,
rising or setting, from the observed phenomenon that the
sea remains motionless, so also it is highly probable that
the horizontal gravity and magnetism of the Earth and
those of the Sun may get annulled or diminished to such
an extent as not to be capable of producing the final

57
pangs resulting in child-birth. And in practice too, no
horoscope has been met with, at least by rae, with birth
exactly at the Sunrise for infants are supposed to die
soon after birth according to some Hindu texts.
1 have, therefore, given in Table E the Sunrise times
for different latitudes to the seconds as well for the respec-
tive dates after deriving them by the employment of the
Trigonometrical Formula without minding the tedium
involved.
Ex. 11. Find Sunrise Time on 1st November, 1959
for birth at 3 P.M., Dchra Dun, Lat. 30'N 20'; Long.
78"E B' i.e. 5 h 12' 3 2 " .
A, .·1$lrol(l(lietll met}wd.
First find out the approximate Sunrise Time
(a) The Sun on 1st Noon, so I B' 50" Scorpio
G.M.T.
Less motion for 5 h 12' 3 2" long.
at 1° 0' 2" per day 0 I3

(b) The Sun's position at Noom 89 5' 49"

(c) S. T. of Sun so 5' 49" H. M. S.
Scorpio rising under lat. s 56 12
30 N 20
(d) S .T. of 1st Noon with 14 39 15
-52 sees. corm.
Less hrs. before Noon 5 43 3
(deducting c from d.)
Deducting this from 12 Noon, we get 6 h. 17' a.m.
as the time of Sunrise.
For greater accuracy, now ascertain the Sun's position
at Sunrise i.e. for 5 h 43' less. which is 0°·14·'·9'' which
when deducted from 8°-5'-49" (as in b above) gives the
Sun's position at in Scorpio.

58
 H. M.
(a) S. T. lstNoon, Dehra Dun 114 39
(b) S. T. 7°51' 40" Scorpio rising B 55
under 30 N 20 lat.
Less hrs. before Noon 5 43
(c) Corrn. to mean time at 0 0
10 sees. per hour.
Local mean time before Noon 5 42' 2{
When deducted from 12 Noon, the Sunrise tin
is Gh.-17•-34".

B. Astronomical method
Equation of Time for 1st November
(declination 14 S 17, Lat. 30"-20')
(a) S. T. of Noon 1st with minus corrn. H. M.
for long. E 14 39
(b) S. T. of Sun U"-2'-37" (the motion
for 5 h. 42 mins. less to the
Noon position G .M.T .) 14 22

(c) Equation of Time, a minus quantity

since the Sun culminates earlier
than Noon, shown by its S. T.
being less than S. T. of Noon,
is minus 16 mins. 40 sees.
(diff. 15") see App. D value 0 16

1. Log Cos h=minus tan Lat 30' 20 T·i632

minus tan dccln. 14 S 17 7.4059

T.l732
H is equal to 81 o 26'. As the dec ln. is south, H i)
pZ.us quantity and need not be deducted from I
This when divided by 15, is 5h-25•-H" before Lo
l\·iean Noon.

59
 H. M. S.
2. Noon 12 0 0
Minus Equation 0 16 25

Local mean Noon 11 43 35

Minus Hour angle 5 25 44

Sunrise 6 17 51
(The Ephemeris gives 6-13; the excess is due to the
causes mentioned already).

Appendix C
On Precession
The first point of Aries, having a retrograde motion
of 50.26 seconds a year against the order of the zodiacal
signs, is at present approximately in the Astcrism of
Purvabhadra (in about the 7th deg. of Pisces). The
Western astronomers compute the longitudes of planets
from the moving first point of Aries and therefore adopt
the Tropical Year. The Hindus compute them from the
fixed point of Aries as always coinciding with the zero
degree of Aswani, the Asterism, and therefore adopt the
Sidereal Year. At the time of a certain year in the past,
the tropical and the sidereal longitudes coincided and
therefore were the same. But different astronomers gave
different years for the coincidence of the two zodiacs
when the precession was This topic was fully dis-
cussed by me in my Text-Book edited in 1936 with the
opinions of the various authorities, and as the copies ran
out years ago, such is briefly mentioned herein. The Poona
Conference of 1925 adopted the A)•anamsa of 22'-40'-35"
calculated by Prof. A pte by taking the amount of Makara
{Capricom) Sa11kranti according to Surya Siddhanta. (ln
some of the issues of the Astrological magazine,

60
Bangalore, it was stated that the precessional difference in
Kaka Bhusandar Nadi for 22nd March, 1926 was given as
22" 44' .) Accordingly, the yeaT 297 A.D. happens to be the
one approximately for the coincidence of the two Zodiacs;
according to the N adi 341 A.D. if the motion of 50.12
seconds only as given in it was taken instead of the pre-
sent observed 50.26 seconds a year. However, subject to a
slight variation of a minute or two, ifnot by seconds
only, the values based on this N adi are given for the
different years in Ta l:>lc B.

APPENDIX D

(Tabulation in the sense Mean Minus Apparent Time)

Equation of Time (Values for 1957)
Jan. 2. +4' Apr. 8. +2' Aug.26. 2 Nov.17.-15'
7. 6 12. 1 29. 1 22. 14-
11. 8 16. -0 Sep. 1. - 0 I 25. 13
14. 9 20. -1 5. -1 29. 12
17. 10 25. 2 8. 2 Dec' I. 11'
20. II May. 2. 3' 10. 3 4. 10
24. 12 16. 3t 13. 4 6. 9
29. 13 27. 3 16, 5 8. 8
Feb. 4. 14 June 3. 2' 19. 6 II. 7
26. 13 9. 1 22. 7 13. 6
Mar. 4. 12 14.+ 0 25. 8 15. 5
8. 11 19.+ 1 28. 9 17. 4
12. 10 23. 2 Oct 1. 10' 19. 3
15. 9 28. 3 4. 11 21. 2
19. 8 July 3. 4 7. 12 23. 1
22. 7 9. 5 11. 13 25. +0
25. 6 13. 6 15. 14 27. +1
29. 5 Aug. 12. 5 20. 15 29. 2
Apr. 1. 4 17. 4 27. 16 31.
3
5. 3 22. 3 Nov ). 16g'
N·D· Calculate the values for intermediary dates by
arith. proportion.

61
 N-B· The above values hold good for all years but
only approximately, the difference ranging from a few
seconds to even a minute, especially in February. When
the year for which the values are required is about 50
years behind 1957, employ the Formula in Appendix B,
for any intermediary date and latitude, not given in
Table E. However, when greater accuracy is aimed at,
the reader is advised to ascertain the exact value of Equa-
tion as shown in the Example above (a) and (b) under 15.

62
The Tables, their Utility, and how to use them.
Table A : to know the Week Day for any date (the
first factor for Nadi
Table B : to ascertain the Nirayana position of the
Moon and then the A.sterisrn through which she is passing:
see Diag. at Frontispiece. (the second factor for Rectifica-
tion) ; for the mode of using it, refer to the N .B. under
the Table B.
Table C : gives the approximate Sidereal Times for
each month (also refer to the note under the Table)
Table D : gives the Nirayana Ascendants for the
Sidereal Times (Ex. precession). Thus, this Table gives at
a glance the nature of the Triplicity to which the Ascen-
dant belongs. (movable, fixed, or comrnon)-also refer to
the explanation given under the Table ; (the third factor
for Rectification.)
Table E : gives the local mean times of Sunrise for
different latitudes, both North and South, when the Centre
of the Sun's disc is exactly on the horizon of places
having the same latitude. As these times only are impor-
tant for astrological purposes, all these arc calculated by
employing the Trigonometrical Formula, though involving
much time and labour. As one may observe from the
Tables F G, births are not mentioned to occur at exactly
6-0 a.m. (as though it is a 'null' point), while such occur
at 5-57 a.m. and 6-3 a.m. showing an interval of 6 mins.
instead of the interval of 3 mins. for the other times. (the
fourth factor for Rectification). Refer to Expln. in App. B.
Further, my experience with rectification of birth times,
especially of such nativities whose birthtimcs were correc-

63
ted to the minute by eminent authors, has led me to believe
that the times given in the Table E are to be employed
for this Nadi Rectification. (See also App. B for fuller
explanation).

Tables F & G: the principal Tables for Nadi

Rectification are so constructed as to serve easy and rapid
reference even by the novice to astrology, when once
the four factors, the day of the week, the aster ism, the
nature of triplicity of the Lagna and the Sunrise time are
known. These Tables arc applicable for any age and for
any person born at any place in the world when the
approximate local times of birth are first ascertained with
care, from Table H and I.

Table H : gives the Standard times for countries

together with the year of adoption, A Standard Meridian
of longitude is chosen for each country to bring about uni-
formity in time in all civilised countries without which
it would be an utter confusion for the matter of Railways,
Telegraphs, Aeroplanes, Radio Broadcasts and the like.
Hence, these are only in factfictitious times.

Table 1: helps to ascertain the equivalent Local Mean

Time of any place given in the list. The excess over the
Standard. Time of each place is indicated by plru and the
deficit by mi1111S· By addi11g to the birth time the plus
quantity, or by subtractina from it given in the minus
minutes and seconds, the Local Mean Time is easily
obtained. For all astrological purposes, the local mean
time for each place not having the same longitude is
different and is to be necessarily ascertained.
The local meantime of any place not given in the
list can easily be known thus :-Divide the longitude of

64
 ; place by 15 to get the time in hrs. mins. and sees.;
then refer to Table H for the Standard time chosen for
the country in which the place is situated. If the time
is an excess over the Standard then add the difference.;
otherwise wbtntct· For places We3t of Greenwich, reverse
the process.
2V. B. Instead ofgiving longitudes, the time values
showing the difference between the Standard and the
Local Mean times are given to serve maximum utility to
the reader.

65
 Table A
(This Table helps us to find out the Week Day
corresponding to the English dale}

Centuries 1 2 3 4 6 7 or 0
A. D. New}
Style
1600 1900
2000 2300
1800
2200
1700
2100
Odd years in a century

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
or 0 or 0

1 2
7 .
12 13 14
3
8 "9
15
4
10
»
5
11
16
52
))))

57
58
63>>
53 54
59
64 65
. 55
60
66
61
67
56
" 62
18 19 >1 20 21 22 2 G8 69 70 71 >J
"
72 73
>) 24 25 26 27 )n 28 74 75 76
" 82 77 78 79
29 30 31 32 33 3 )) 80 81 83 84
35 36 " 38
37 39 85 86 87 88 89" 90
" 42
·10 41 43 >> 44 45 91 "
92 93 94 95
46 47 48 49 50 "
51 96 97 98 99 "
"
Months in L 2 34 56 7 or 0
Ordy. years. Aug. Feb. June Sep. Apr. Jan. May
Mar. Dec. July Oct.
Nov.
Leap years Feb. Jan
Eg. Find out the week-day of 31st March 1896.
(1) Write down the top No. for 1800 given
against centuries 4
(2) The No. against 96 in odd years 1
(3) The No. for March against months 2
(4) Add 31 days 31

Total 38
66
 (5) Divide the result always by the constant 7 ; we
get 3 as the remainder. Now, count from
Sunday ; We get Tuesday which is correct. If
the date in question falls in J any. or Feb. in a
Leap year, take the No. given against Leap
years.
(This table was copied from my Text Book of Astro-
logy, originally taken from Mr. Swami Kannu
Pillai's Panchang and Horoscope.

Table B
Values of Precession for years for 22nd March

Years. Dcg. Min. Sec. Years. Deg. Min. Sec.

1900 22 21 56 1950 23 3 57
1905 22 26 7 1955 23 8 12
1910 22 30 19 1957 23 9 58
1915 22 34 31 1960 23 12 48
1920 22 38 43 1965 23 27 0
1925 22 43 50 1970 23 21 12
1926 22 ·H 0 1975 23 25 24
1930 22 47 21 1980 23 29 36
1935 22 51 32 1985 23 33 48
19·10 22 55 34 1990 23 38 0
1945 22 59 45 2000 23 42 12

, N.R. The value of 'precession• for any intermediate

year is found out by simple arithmetical proportion. This
value when deducted from the Say ana longitude of the
Ascendant (when obtained by using Raphael's Ephemeris
and Tables of Houses) gives the Nirayana Ascendant
from which the nature of the triplicity is known ; likewise,
when deducted from the Moon's longitude, the Astcrism.
of the day is known (See Diag. at Frontispiece).

fil
 Table C
The Sidereal Times
The Sidereal Times for Noon against the dates given
arc approximately as follows:-
The Sidereal Times increases by two hours for every
month from March, 22 which means an increase of four
minutes approximately every day. Thus, the S. T. on
March, 31 will be 9X4 hrs. 0-36 minutes. These times will
have to be used only when the Ephemeris of the required
year is not available and are employed for rapid work.
Hr. Mi. Hr. Mi. Hr. Mi.
March 22 0-0 July 22 8-0 November 21 16-0
April 22 2-0 Aug. 22 10-0 December 21 18-0
May 22 4-0 Sept. 21 12-0 January 21 20-0
June 21 6-0 Oct. 21 14-0 February 20 22-0
To determine the Rising i;;jfil,: Work out by proportion
the Sidereal Time for the required date; ndd the number
of hours elapsed from noon to birth if the time of birth is
P.M.; otherwise, deduct the number of hours less noon or
better take the S .T. of the previous noon and add the
number of hours elapsed from noon to the time of birth.
For greater accuracy, add in each case a small correction
of \0 sec. for every hour added. Now refer to the Tables
of houses (Raphael's). We get the Say ana Ascendant
which can be taken as approximate to the degree and
after deducting the precessional amount for the year we
get the Nirayana Ascendant. When the S .T. in each case
is more than 24 hrs., deduct 24 hrs. i.e., the circle of 360°.
For births in Southern latitudes, add always 12 hrs.
to the S.T. of birth obtained, and from the Tables of
bouses for North latitudes take the Ascendant as usual or
from Table D, but only consider the 7th house i.e., the
opposite sign as the Ascendant,
For rapid work, you can simply refer to Table D, to
ascertain the Nirayana Ascendant, one of the factors
needed for reference to Tables F and G.

68
 Table D of Nirayana Ascendants
Siderial Times in Hrs. Min. Sees.
•H ..M.S.·H.M.S. H.l\J.S.·H.M.S.'H.M.S. H.M.S. H.M.S. H.M.S.
0-30-0 1- 0-0 1-30-0 2- 0-0 3. 0-0 3-30-0 4- 0-0 5-30-0
1
to
I to
I 1 2-sa.o 1 s- o-o

0·2 Gemini:GeminiiiGeminiiCancer ncer Leo (F) Leo (F)

(C) {C) {M) {.tv!) {l\1)
5 , , G 22-38 , , , , ,

10 , J , , , , , "
15 ,, , ·J , Leo (F) 22L 40
20 , , , " Virg1··
25 ", "
Cancer " "
I (M) " " " " " "
30 ,
I , , I "
35 " " L22,40' , " ,"
40 ICancer
" I ", "
"
," Leo (F)'
I "
"
" "
(M)
45 , , , ,
" " " "
N.B. For explanatwn, See Footnote at the end of
Table D. (pp. 71 & 72).
 Table D of Nira_Yana Ascendants-.(contd:)
H.l\'LS. H. M.S. H.M.S.:H.M.S. H.M S.
18-
-cj
...:l
6- 0-0 7-30-0
to
7- o. o
0-0 9-30-0 10·0-0 10-30·0 12- 0-0 12-3D-O
to
g. o-o , I
to I

TLibra
I
0-2 I Libra Scorp. Scorp.IScorp. ; r .Sagt.
(C) (2\1)
.
(:1-.I) (F) (F) (F) (C) l (C)
5
10 " 22" L ILibra
.. " ," " I "
"
....... " 36 D " (!\·f) " "
0 15 Virgo
" (C) J " " " " " "
20 ', ,Scorp.
"
, ., I " "
.
" "
.. .
(F) "
25
30 . " I
,"
"
"
Libra
(M) " "
"
Scorp.

35 ,.
,. ",
.." ,
" . ..
"
(FI
"
40
45 , . "
"
"
"
"
",.
" "
"
 Table D of Nir_ayana
H.M.S.•H.M.S. H. M.SrM.S.•n. M.S.JH.M.S.'H.M.S. H.M.S..
'13- 0- 0'14- 0-0 14-30-0 15- 0-0 116-0-00116-30-0(8-0-0 19-0-0
to j to to to
...:l 113-30-0, 15-30-0 17-30-0 18-30-0

0-2
()I (M)
1
(t-.1) : (!\1)
I
Capri. capri. lcapri.J Aquar Aquarl Pisces Pisces
(F) (C) (C)
5
10
15
,, ." Sagt.
"I
"
"
"
,
,"
,
"
,
,
,
"
" " " " II
"
20
"
(C)
"
, , ·Capri,
(M) " " ..
25 , , , , , ,
30 , ," Sagt. , , ," , ,
(C)
35 ,
"
, ,.
"
, ., Aries
(M)
40 , , , , ,
45 ," , ", ," ,
" •• "
The Table gives the Sidereal Times in the horizontal column
on the top and the Latitudes in the vertical column. By running
down the eye against the Latitude of birth place for the actual Side-
rial Time of birth, the rising Sign is known.
 Table D of Nirayana Ascendants-(Contd.)
1H.M.S.':H.M.S.H.M.S. H.i\LS. H. M.S. f
19-30-0 20-30-0 '21· 0-0 ·21-30-0,22·30·0 23· 0-0 23-0-0
j
0
20. 0-0 I I -0 II .

()..2 I Aries Aries

(M)
I I I
Aries Taurus .TaurusTaurus Gemini·
(M)
5
(M)
, , c;,> r c;:> ' <;:> I I
10 ," , , ,
15
20 ",
,"
,
,
Taurus
,
, . "
rGcmini
"
"
(F) (C)
25 , ,
30
35
"
"
,"
"
T:lurus
. "
.. I ,,
Gemini
" ",
,
" " (F) " (C)
, , ,
40 , , ,
," "
))

45 , ,
" "
The letters M, F, C affixed in brackets after the signs indicate
respectively that the sign is movable, fixed or common. The blank
columns of course indicate the same signs only as mentioned imme
diatcly above in the vertical column; D doubtful degree for the correct
Ascendant, hence take the actual Sid. Time from Raphael's
Ephemeris.
 Table E
Local Mean Times of Sunrise (in Hrs. Min. Sec.) when
the Sun's Centre of the Disc is exactly on the Horizon
Northern Latitudes

Date 5 10 15 20

Jany. I II50 16 20 29 ;16 3!.l 57

8 14 4516 23 5 6 30 30 16 40 40
16 17 21 6 25 3016 33 17 16 41 48
24 18 59 6 26 9 6 33 gn 16 41
• ,> I 12
28 6 14 6 26 I·! 6 32 55 16 40 6
Fe by. 8 6 ! 19 44 6 25 616 30 59 ;6 36 40
13 6 19 8 6 24 I G 29 4 ·6 34 21
17 16 18 24 6 22 44 6 27 12/G 31 59
25 /6 16 26 6 19 38 6 22 38 6 26 26
Mar. 5 H 20 6 15 59 G 18 1216 20 39
13 10 44 6 II 48 fi 12 54 6 14 8
20 6 7 51 G 7 58 G 8 13 6 8 14
28 G 4 19 G 3 15 6 2 9 6 0 55
Apr. 5 6 0 19 5 58 40 5 56 27 5 54 10
8 5 59 36 5 57 6 5 54 32 5 51 49
13 5 57 30 5 54 18 5 50 58 5 47 36
19 5 55 21 5 51 24 5 47 l!.l 5 43 I
22 5 54 21 5 50 I 5 45 33 5 40 46
May I 5 51 40 5 -16 181 5 40 25 5 34 44
4 5 51 5 5 45 16 5 39 20 5 33 5
12 5 49 59 5 42 59 5 36 18 5 29 7
16 5 49 5 42 20 5 35 4 5 27 28
25 5 49 3 5 40 5-1· 5 32 7 5 23 36
June 10 5 49 41 5 42 0 5 33 2 5 23 37
21 15 53 54 5 43 54 5 34 46 5 25 7
I
73
 Table E (contd.)
Northern Latitudes

Date 5 10 15 20

July 8 5 56 3515 <Ill 4-15 39 20 5 24 19

14 5 57 39 5 4-!l 32 I 5 41 9 5 25
IB 5 58 21 !i 50 1215 42 25 5 33 54
26 5 59 l!l 5 52 2 5 +1- 28 5 37 2
I
Aug. I ·5 59 57 5 52 57 I 5 46 16 5 39 5
5 5 59 49 5 -13 35 1 5 47 9 5 40 24
12 5 59 35 15 !">4· 13 1 5 48 20 5 42 39
16 5 59 19 5 5·1- 14 5 49 0 5 43 29
I;
1

21 58 57\5 5·1- 37 ' 5 50 9 5 45 22

30 57 3415 54 22 I 5 51 2 5 47 34
Sept. 7 15 55 36 5 53 57 5 51 4415 49 27
10 15 55 22 5 53 33 I 5 51 40 5 49 3()
15 15 54 25 5 53 21 1 5 52 15 5 51 I
23
28 I;
52 37 5 52 43 5
51 24 5 51 5715
52
52
49 5
52 5
52
53
5·1·
37
I
Oct. 1 iS 50 53 5 5! 57 I 5 53 3 5 17
4 15 50 27 15 51 5915 53 35 5 55 15
8 15 50 21 15 52 0.5 54 i3l5 56 30
16 15 ·1-8 55 15 52 7 5 55 7 5 58 59
25 48 28 15 !i2 48 5 57 16 16 2 3
31 58 42 5 53 47 Is 59 I 16 4 32
I I
Nov. 3 Is
6 15
49 5 15
49 36 Is
54 2716 0
55 1616 I
20
IS
16 6 1
16 9 38
13 50 33 '.5 57 33 6 4 14 6 11 25
26 :> 54
51 16 3 0 6 10 4·7 16 19 18
I
Dec. 2 ·5 57 18 6 5 34 6 14 6 16 23 5
II 6 2 20 16 I 0. II 6 19 916 29 34
20 6 5 55 6 14\55 6 23 5316 33 42
1
74'
 Table E (contd.)
Northern Latitudes

nate 25 30 35 40

Jany. I 6 49 317 0 7 7 12 33 7 24 51
8 G 50 39 7 2 33 7 13 8 7 26 52
16 6 50 56 7 0 53 7 12 2 7 24 50
24 6 49 31 6 58 32 7 8 9 7 20 27
28 6 57 18 6 56 5 7 5 32 7 15 13
Feby. H 6 42 54·1 6 49 52 (j 57 3) I 7 6 24
13 6 40 I 6 46 II 6 53 2 7 () 48
17 6 36 53 6 42 20 6 48 22 6 55 14
25 6 30 10 16 34 14 6 3U 42 6 43 47
Mar. 5 6 23 8 6 25 49 6 28 37 6 31 5!.1
13 6 15 20 6 16 40 6 IB 9 6 19 49
20 6 H 40 6 8 30 6 B 33 6 u 51
28 5 59 43 5 58 23 5 56 54 5 55 14
Apr. 5 5 51 31 5 49 0 5 46 2 5 42 41
8 5 4U 56 5 45 48 5 42 20 5 38 25
13 5 43 46 5 39 42 5 35 14 5 30 9
19 5 3n 27 5 33 31 5 27 58 5 21 42
22 5 35 52 5 30 25 5 24 23 5 17 31
May I 5 28 30 5 21 32 5 13 5315 5 10
4 5 26 15 5 16 3 5 10 57 I 5 I 45
12 5 21 25 5 12 B 5 3 41 4 53 0
16 5 19 18J5 10 23 5 0 27 4 49 5
25 5 15 2[1 5 5 13 4 54 22 4 40 34
June 10 5 13 30 5 2 26 4 50 0 4 35 42
21 5 14 48 5 3 28 4 50 1414 36 5

75
 Table E (contdo)
Northern Latitudes

Date 25 30 35 40

I
July 8 15 20 16!5 9 28 !4 57 26 4 43 27
14 5 23 19 I 5 12 23 15 0 43 47 24
18 Is 2°4 46 I 5 14 49 15 3 40 4 50 52
26 j5 28 16 ; 5 18 3/5 8 47 4 56 28
I I
Aug. I 15 31 23 Is 23 615 13 2 58
5 15 33 10 I 5 25 17 I 5 16 39 15
30 5 6 29
12 '5 36 25 0 [, 29 2715 21 48 5 13 5
1-
](j ,:> 37 37 I 5 31 13:5 23 56 5 16 I
I
21 15 40 28 1 5 35 I 15 211 59 5 22 7
30 ,s 43 50 j5 39 46 15 35 w 5
I
30 13
I
Sept. 7 Is •l6 48 Is 44 11 1s 41
19 5 37 58
10 47 35 Is45 1815 47 5 39 55
15 51 49 15 48 29 5 47 0 5 45 20
23 :> 52 36 I 5 52 49 1s 52 5 52 53
28
15 54 18 II 5 55 2615 56 6 57 Is 0
Oct. I 15 55 29 Is 56 4915 58 18 Is 59 sa
,s 57 2 Is sa 57 6 I 56 116 3 31
B t5 59 9 G I 40 16 4 38 G 7 59
16 '6 2 39 6 6 4°316 I I II 16 16 16
25 :6 6 57 6 12 24 1 6 18 26 6 25 w
31 16 10 24 I 6 16 4!1 :6 23 55 16 32 0
I
Nov. 3 '6 12 15 I G 19 1316 26 52 16 35 35
6 6 14 24 ° 6 21 4716 30 0 116 39 21
13 ,6 19 7 6 27 2-1° 16 36 51 6 32
26 G 2!1 26 6 38
I
I 23 6
I
49 32 l7 2 20
I
Dec. 2 ,6 32 42 I 6 43 10 6 54 58 17 8 30
II ,G 38 41 I 6 49 15 7 2 II 117 16 29
i
20 '6 440 I 16 55 21 f7'\ 8 5 7 22 44
I / I
76
 Table E ( contd.)
Northern Latitudes

Date I· 45 50 55 60

J any. I 7 43 47 8 4 32 31 9 12 57
B 7 43
8 8 3 3 13 29 35 9 7 7
16 7 39 58 7 58 34 !I 22 <10 n 56 21
24 7 33 45 7 50 25 !I II 43 8 41 57
28 7 28 47 7 44 4 8 3 31 ll 29 56

l
Feby. 8 16 26 7 28 ·1-5 7 ·14 16 8 4 53
13 9 53 7 20 50 7 35 37 7 53 37
17 3 13 7 12 50 7 24 49 7 10 33
25 •1-9 41 6 56 45 7 5 32 7 16 55
Mar. 5 16 35 52 6 40 31 6 46 16 6 53 41
13 6 21 44 6 24 3.6 26 54 6 30 34
20 9 4 6 9 19 6 9 3U 6 10 8
28 53 19 5 51 0 5 48 9 5 44 29
Apr. 5
8
1: 38 47 5
5 33 51 5
34
28
8 5 28
25 5 21
23
40
5
5
20 5fl
12 57
13 5 24 15 5 17 II 5 8 24 4 57 1
19 5 14 25 5 5 40 4 54 4·7 4 37 8
22 5 9 32 4 59 55 4 47 56 4 32 12
May I ,4 54 58 4 42 27
39144 20 '::!78 4 6 31
4
12
16
25
I!,:
51
40
35
3
26
41
4 37
4 25
4 19
45 3 59 5
9 4 5 42 3 39 17
21 3 58 26 3 29 48
26 26 4 7 50 3 43 44 3 10 3
J une 10
21 I! 18 45 3 57 36 3 28 30 2 49 46
lfl 38 3 56 57 3 28 21 2 46 39

77
 Table E (contd.)
Northern Latitudes

Date 45 50 55 60
I

.July H 14 26 56 4 6 2!1 1 20
14 1 4 31 24 4 12 1 1 3 46 s9 3 w 55
18 4 35 44 4 17 3 3 53 2 3 19 21
26 14 43 1I I4 26 1314· 5 34 3 34 42
Aug. 2-1 I 4 35 I
1 4 1s 10 s 49 15
14
14-
53 . 4
40 29 4 42 24 3 58 3
50 3414 35 3 4 14 26
16 Is r, 34 14 55 10 4 40 43 4 21 59
21 i5 14 I) 5 4 31 4 52 32 4 36 48
30 '5 24· 19 I s I 7 15 5 H 28 ·} 57 5

Sept. 7 5 34 4 I5 29 25 5 23 40 5 16 15
10 s 36 31 I5 32 3·1· 5 27 34 5 21 25
15 5 43 25 5 41 6 5 38 1515 34 35
23
28
5 52
5 58
59I5
4 5
53
59
3 5 53
46 6
9 5 :>3 16
I 21 G 3 42
I
IG
Oct. I
4·
B
I

I (i
6 I 5316
G 18 6
II 53 I 6
4
!J
16
12
39 6 13
31 6 22
7
:g
17 IG :!9 42
IG I() 22 10 6 28 14 6 I 6
54 6 54 53 I1
38 49 24

I 171 G6 42
27 52 51 7 7 10 17
10
26
37
2

Nov. 3 I (6) 45 47 ' 6 5B 6 I 7 13 37j7 34 14

6
13 7
50
0
1917
6 7
3 36 I 7 20
15 2317 3·1
22 17
50 8
42
I
47
15
26 17 17 28 I 7 36 4· 8 0 10 '8 33 51

Dec. 2 I
77 24 34 I 7 44 22 I8 II 2818 46 34
IL 54 23 •l! lg 2 25
20 1 7 40 II 1 B I 52 8 30 2819 12 1o

78
 Table E (contd.)
Southern Latitudes

Date 10 20 30 40

Jany. I 5 46 13 5 27 4915 6 3914 41 55

8 5 50 I 5 32 26 5 10 33 4 46 14
16 5 53 50 5 37 32 5 18 27 4 54 30
24 5 57 55 5 42 52 I 5 25 32 5 3 37
28 5 59 3B 5 45 46 5 29 47 5 9 39
Fe by. 8 6 3 26 5 51 52 5 38 40 5 22 18
13 6 4 37 5 51· 17 5 42 27 5 27 50
17 6 5 52 5 56 17 5 45 56 5 33 2
25 6 6 50 I 6 0 2 5 52 14 5 42 41
Mar. 5 G 7 29 G 2 59 5 57 49 5 51 30
13 6 7 40 6 5 20 6 2 48 5 59 39
20 6 7 30 6 7 15 6 6 58 6 6 37
28 6 7 23 6 9 43 6 12 21 16 15 24
Apr. 5 6 7 10 6 I I 40 6 16 50 6 23 9
8 6 7 2 6 12 19 6 18 20 6 25 43
13 6 7 6 6 13 54 6 21 42 (j 31 I-; )
19 6 7 6 G 15 29 6 24 59 G 36 4 8
22 6 7 13 6 16 2B 6 26 49 6 39 4 3

May I 6 7 5B G 19 32 6 32 44 6 -1·9 6
4 G 8 IB 6 20 29 6 37 17 6 51 59
12 6 9 35 6 23 27 16 39 26 6 59 34
16 6 10 10 6 25 3 G 41 7 7 3 z-;)
25 6 12 34 G 29 52 6 47 57 7 II 54
June 10 () 16 20 6 34 43 6 55 24 7 22 38
21 6 19 2 6 37 49 6 59 28 7 26 56

79
 Table E (contd.)
Southern Latitudes

Date 10 20 30 40

I
July 8 21 16 34· 6 39 34·17 0 10!7 26 11
14 21 10 6 38 11 I 6 58 1917 23 18
18 21 52 G 38 10 16 57 1517 21 12
26 16 20 44 6 44 G 43 7 16 18
I
Aug. 19 33 6 33 49 24)7 9 32
5 Illlg 19 6 31
251
30
G
6 46 3717 5 25
12 6 15 53 G 27 20 6 40 39 6 57 I
16 6 14 211 6 25 9 6 37 2516 52 37
21 6 I1 49 6 21 4 6 31 2516 44 19
30 G 7 10 6 13 58 6 21 31 19
4616
Sept. 7 6 2 27 G 6 57 6 12 7 6 18 26
10 (j 0 47 6 50 6 9 2 6 14 25
15 5 57 29 5 59 49 6 2 21 6 5 30
23 5 52 27 5 52 16 5 52 21 5 52 15
28 5 49 47 5 48 7 5 46 18 5 54 44
Oct, 1 5 17 49 5 45 29 5 42 57 5 39 48
4 5 45 45 5 42 37 5 38 55 5 21
ll 5 43 30 5 39 0 5 33 50 5 27 31
16 5 39 19 5 32 31 5 24 43j5 15 10
25 35 36 5 26 21 5 16 015 3 6
31 33 22 52 5 10 38 4 55 24
3715
Nov. 3 5 32 47 5 21 13 5 8 I 4 51 39
6 5 32 17 42 5 5 33 4 48 0
13 5 30 57415
5 17 5 5 I 6 4 40 58
26 5 31 20 5 15 2 4 55 57 4 32 0
I
Dec. 2 32 5415 15 23 4 55 18 4 30 0
II 35 52 5 17 28 4 56 17 4 29 33
20 39 47 5 21 0 4 59 2114 31 58

80
TABLES F & G.
Table F. Asterism Table
Col. II to V! (for abbreviations sec page 95)

0
t "m" r,ru "'"'',.;,
G A.l\1.
-
!\JOVAULg FIXED
M.jP. M.{\.:M,

116-3 10-33
21 fi 36 6 36
I
3-3!7-33 12-3 Kri-Uttar-U'shada
6 Roh-Hast-Sra Aru-Swa-Saut
3 9 39 9 391 Mri-Chit-Dha Pun-Vis-P'dra
4 12 ·12 12! 42 129 Aru-Swat-Snta l'ushy-Anu-U'd rn
5 15 4·5 15 4·5 15 Pun-Vis-I''dra Aslcs-Jycs-Rcv.
61 18 ·18 18 40 18 Pushy-Anu-U'dra a
7 21 51 21 51 21 Aslcs-jyes-Rev. Uha-l'ubha-P.'s'nadn
8 24 54 24 5·1 24 Kri-Uttara-U's had a
9 I 27 57 271 57 27 !llm-J'ubba-1"shada Roh-Hast-Sm

30 n-o 30 8--0 12-30 Kri-Uuar- U'shada Hri-Chi-llha

I
10
11 33 :l 33 3 33 Roh-Hast-Sra Aru-Swat-Sata
12 36 6 36 G 3G Uri-Chit-Dha l'un-
9 :l9 Aru-Swat-Sata Pushy-Anu-U'd ra
13 39
14
9
12 3!)
42 12I 42 l'un-Vis-l"dra. Asles- Jvcs-Rev.
15 45 15 45 15 •15 l'usby-,\nu-U'dra Asw-1\r:ikh-l\Jul :I
16 48 10
·wi 18 48 Aslcs-Jycs-Rcv. IUha-Pubba-P'sh ada
17 51 21 51 21 51 ,\m•-:Makh-J>Iula da
lS 54
19 57
2·1
27
541 24
57. 27
5·· IHm-Pubba-P'shada,
57 Kri-Uttar-U'shada
Roh-Hnst-Sra
Uri-Chit-Dim

'
20 7-U so 30 1-0 Roh-Hast-Sra Aru-Swat-Sata
Pun-
21 3 33 3 3:l 3 Mri-Chit-Dba
22 6 36 6 36 6 l;ushy-An•I-U'd ra
23 9 :1!1 9 39 9 Pun-Vis-P'dr-<1 Aslcs-Jyes-Rcv.
12 4·2 12 42 12 l'ushy-Anu- U'dra Asw-Unkh-Uul.
24
25 15 4·5 15 ·15 15 Asles-]ycs-Re\'. "
llha-l'ubLa-l''•h da
26 18 48 18 48 18 Asw-:1\hkh-Mula Kri-Uttar-U'sl"
27 21 51 21 51 21 Ulm-Pubba-l''shada Roh-Hasl-Sra
28124 54 241 5+ 24- hri-UttAr-U'shad Mri-Cuit-Dha
29 27 57 27 57 27 Roh-Hast-Sra Aru-Swa-Sl!ta
JQ 30 12-Q

I
N.>on
4-30 I
P.M. rM· 9-0
I
1-30 l>Iri-Ghit-Dha
A.M.
Pun-Vis-P'dr"

82
 Sex Tublc G
II Week Days and Tatvas

sun.l Jllon. Tues. Wed. Thurs. Fri.

---·-- ---
Pun-Vis-I)Idra I I (1) F.{j) I; )J.(t) l:li.(p) !?.(•
Pushy-Anu-U'dra
J\<lcs-Jyco-Rcv.
2·
31 ..,
u n
"
u
''
I l•,(j),, I "
.,
.,
" ul
·l, ,. , , ,, , "I
Bha-l'ul>ba-l''•hua 5 .. 111.(1). .. " :.\!.. (t) ',',1

. .. .. .... .... ".. .

Kri-Uua-U'ohda 6 I J.'.(v)
n '' ''
7 :.\l.(t) ,.
Mri-Chit-Dha ll ;,
Ana-Swat-Sam 9
" "
!'un-Vis-P'dra 101 ... . .... .... . . ..,
l'u•hy-:\nu- U'dra II
12
".. ""
J.',(v) I
. " ... ...,
)[.(p} l'.(v) "I

.. I ."
,\sics-jycs-Rcv •
Asw-Makh-Mula 13 F.(v) J.'. (j)
, ,
nha-l'ul>ba-l"•hd I+
15 M.(a) " M.(n) ,"
, I .. .. •:'
.. .... I ... "." ...
Roh-Hast-Sra 16
17 " " . "
)lri-Ohi-Dha
Aru-Swat-Sala 18 " " I

pun- Vis-l"dra 19 " I "11 11. (3) :M.(j

I i.
Pushy-Anu-U'dra 201
.
I
.. . . [.':i.
t\slcs-Jy.,.-Rcv.
Asw-)l:tkh-!Huln
liha-l'ubba-P'shd 23 i
.
.,"
"
"
"
I, ,
11\l.(:a) I "
"
,. F. ',(v)
,."
"
"
"
Kri-Utt:tr-U'shd
Roh-llast-Sra
21
25 "
"
"(p)I "" ..." "
"
"
J\Tri-Citit-Dha
Aru-S\Ililt-Sata.
261 ,.
27 F.(j) " .. "
F.(j) ,."
..,., "
" "
'

I . ."..
l'un- Vis-f''dra " " " )[."(p)
Pushy-Anu-U'dra ,.
A•lcs-Jycs-Rcv. 291
30 M.(p) "
" " " "

83
Table F. Astcrism Table
I Col. II to VI

'I 'Iirues from Sunrise=

lf6 -A.J\1.- - _

-,--I
___ MOVADLE PI XED
A.llr.Jr•.)r.jP.M.I P.11.jA.
1---,--- I
31 7-33 12-3,4-33! 9-3 1-331 Aru·Swat·Sata I Pushy·Ann-U'dra
3!1 36 6 36 li 36 Pun-Vis-P'dm ,\sics-j\·e•-He\',
33 39 91 391' 9 39 l'mhy-Anu-U'dra 1 ,\sw-II!dkh-Mula
34 ·12 12 •12 12 ,\slcs-Jycs-Hcv. llha-l'ul>ha-l''shda
35 ·15 15 45 15 45 Asw-Mnkh-;\lula \ K.-i-Uct:>r-U'shda
36 ·18 18 40 13 111 lJha-PuiJha-l''shda Rohi-Jiast-Sra
37 51 2: 51 21 51 Kri-U>t3r-U'shda
381 5o} 24 5·1 24 5·1 Hohi·Hast-Sra Aru-Sw:>-Sura
39 57 27 57 27 57 Jllri-Chit-Dha ll'un-\'is-P'dra

4U 8- 0 30 s- o 1 30 2-0 ,\nt-Swat-Sata ll•u,hy-Anu-U'dra

41
42
I3
ti
33
36
3
6
33
36
:J l'un-Vi:s-P'dra
G Pushy-Anu·U'dra
Adcs-.]ycs-Hcv.
, Asw-)lnb·;\lula
43
i 9 39 9 39 9 A•1cs-Jyes-Hcv. lllkt·Pubba-l''shdn
12 12 42 12 Asw-Msddt-Mub K. ri-Uttar-U'shda
44
45 15 ·15 15 45 15 Bha-Pubba-l''sbda Roh-111\st-Sra
46 18 ·18 10 48 11! Kri-Uttnr-U'shdn
1
47 21 51 21 51 21 Rohi-H:>st-Sra 1\ru-Swn t-Sata
48 24 54 21 54 2·1 Mri-Chit-Dha Pun-Vi,·l''dra
27 57 _,
?" 57 '17 Aru-Sw:>t-S:>ta Pushy-Ann- U'dra
491
I
50 :10 1..{) 30 10-0 30 Pun-\is-P'dra t\sles-Jyes-Rev.
51 33 3 33 3 33 ('u•hy-Anu-U'dra 1
52 36 6 36 6 36 Aslcs-jyr.s-Rcv. Hha-l'ubba-P'shda
lJ 39 9 39 Asw-.M!Ikh-Mula 1 Kri-Uttnr-U'shd>
54 ·12 121 ·12 12 42 Bha-Pnbha-l''shda 'Rohi-llast-Sra
55 15 15 45 15 45 Rri-Uttar-U'shda \ Mri-Chit-Dha
56 ·Ill 181 48 18 48 Rohi-Hast-Sra · Aru-Sw.u-Sata
57 51 21 51 21 51 Mri-Chit-Dha Puu-Vis-P'dra
58 5·1 24·1 54 24 Aru-Swat-S:ua Pushy-Anu-U'drn
59 57 27 57 27 57 l'nn-Vis-P'drn Aslcs-Jycs-Hcv.
60 9- Iti- 0
P.M. P.M.
10-30 3-0 l'u•l.y-Anu-U'dra
P.l\1. A.)!.

84
 Sex Table G
II Week Days and Tatvas

..zo Sun. Tues. Wed. 'l'hur. Fri. Sat.

I I
I Ji'.(j)
Asw-Mitkh-)Iula 31 lll.(t) 1

,:,: I :, :
..
U.(t) )f,(p) M.(a)
"
F.(\'

. "" .."
••• :. I "
Robi-H:ut-Sra , "
Mri-Chit-Dha 35 , M. (I) "
M. (t) "
Aru-Swat-Sata 3tJ
"
. " . .."
Pun-Vis-l''•lra 37 "
Pushy-Anu-U'dra 313
Asks-.J)•cs-Rev. 39 "

Aow-M•kh-Mula
Bha-l'ubha-l"shda
Kri-Utwr-U'shda
40
·H
42
,, ' 1 F. ) '(v) ::
. ..:: M'.(p)
Rohi-IL\st-Sm 43 ;; F.'(v> :F.'w ,. j
::uri-Ch it-Dim 44 :: I :: ...."
Aru-Swat-Sat:J 45 M.(a) .. , :\l:(a)
.. , ::

."" " I . .
Pun- Vis-P'dra 46
Pushy-Anu-U'dra 47 " "
Aolcs-Jycs-Hev.
Asw-Mnkh-llula
148
49
"
"
"
;: 1\f'.(a)
I
" "
Bha-l'ubLa-P'shda Io51so .. " ..... ..
Rohi-Hnst-Sra i 52 " .." . .. " " "
"[ri-Chit-Dha
Aru-Swat-Sata
Pun-Vio-l''dra
53
54
55
. "'. "
l'ushy-1\uu-U'dra 56
57 " "
Asw- 58
1\ha-l'u hhol·I''shdiL 59
"
"
"
"
"..
Kri-Uuar-U'shrla 60 " " "
" " "
i

85
Table F· Astcrlsm Table .
I Col. II to VI

I
1'im"' fro1n Sunrise
o
:<;
j MOVAIJLJ·: FIXED
JA.l\1.1 !'.)I.,I'.M.jl'. :U.jA.
-- - - - i - - - - - - -
61 9-3\ l-331 6-3110-33 3-3! Aslcs-J)'c.s-Rr.v. llha-l'ubba-!'' sltda
62 fi 1 36 6 36 6· Kri-Uttar-U'•hda
63
64 12
91
39 1 9
42\ 12
39/
gl Jlua-l'uhb.,-P'shda
42 12jKri-llltar-U'shda
Rolt•Hast-Sra
Mri-Chit-Dha
65 15 45 15 45 15 ltoh-1 la>t-Sm
66
67 21
!Ill
·1B
51
IB
21
IB lllri-Chi-Dha
51 211Aru-Sw3t-:,iata
-tnj I Pun-Vis-l''dra
Pushy-Anu-U'dr:t
68 2-l 54 24 541 21 Pun-Vis-P'dra 1\slcs-J Y"-"· Rev.
6!1 27 57 27 57 27\ l'ush)'-Anu-U'dra
I 1· 1 .
70 30 2-0 30 11-0; 30, Asles-jycs-Rcv.
71 33 3 33 3 33 1Asw-:l!akh-n!ul3 Kri-Uttar-U'shda
72 :J6 6 :lG 61 36 'lllh:>.-l'ubba-P'shda Rohi-Ha•t-Sra
73 39 !) 39 9 :l9 Kri-Uuar- U'shdn Mri-Chi-Dha
74 42 121 42 Robi-lla.t-Srn Aru-!:iwat
75 45 If. 45 15 15 Jllri-Chit-Dha l'un-Vis-P'dra
76 46 IU ·16 IBj 48 Aru-Swat-Sata l'ushy-Anu-U'dra
77 5[ 21 51 21 51 Pun-Vis-P'dra
J\sw-M,.kh-)lul:l
78
79
5-!·
57 27 I .54
57
5·1 l'ushy-Anu-U'dra
271
57 Asle.s-j)'cs-Rcv. llba-l'u hha- P'sbcla

I 3330 I
n 11
1 30 I! 7-0 4-0 Asw-llakh-lllulnJ Kri-U ttar-U'shda
:n 3 3. llha-l'ullba-P'shda Rohi-Hast-Srn.
1
36 36 ti I
6! Kri-l'ttar-U'sbda Mri-Chit-Dha
39139 9 9 Rohi-lhst-Sra I Ara-S\'-'at-S.ata
Pun-Vis-J>'dra
42 42 12 12,Mri·Chit-Dha
85 15. 45 i 15
45 15 Aru-Swat-Satn I Pusb;--Anu-U'dm
86 IB 48 46118 Pun-Vis-P'drn
18 Asic•- Jycs-Rc".
87
88
89
21
24
27
51

57 27 57
51
54
21
HI
21 Pusby-Anu-U'dr:l
24 Aslcs-Jycs-Rev.
27 Asw-!lakh-JI!ula
Asw-;\lak It -llfula
llba-J>uhha- P'shda
Kri- Uttar-U'•hda
90 30 3-0 30112-0 J 30 Dha-Puhba·l''shda I Rohi-Hast-Sra
P.liJ. P A.M •. A.1I.
1:1[. N.

86
 Sex Table G
II Week Days and Tatvas

0
Sun. Moo. Tues. Wed. Thurs. 1-,ri. Sat.
I

.. F.(j) ..,. I .. ...

1 I
Rolli- I last-Sra 161 F.(j) M.(l) M.(p) :\l.(a) F.(j) F.(v)
Mri-Chit-Dha
621 .... "
Aru-Swat-Sata '63
6·1 .. "
"
"
",,
.... .. M.(i) . ,."
Push)'-Anu-U'dra 65· "
GG ,
M.(t)
.. . M:(t) ..." ... ..
.. ". ".. .... .... "" "
Asw-Makh-Mula 67 l•'.(v) b'.(v)
Dha-l'u l>h;,.-P'shda 68 .. "
Kri-Uttar-U'shda 69. M(a)

Rohi-Halt-Sra 701
" ."" .." " . "
Mri-Ohit-Dha
Aru-Swat-Sata
71!
72· " ...
i.'(v)

.. ... ""
F.(v)
"
l'un-Vis-P'dhra
l'ushy·AIIU-U'dra 7 ::
.. .. ... F.(j)
;, . ."
"..
..... .. .
Aslcs-Jyes-Rev. 75 1\!.(a) .,
.... . ...
Asw-Makh-Mula "
76 " " "
., . .."
llba-Pubba-l''sbda 77
Kri-Uttar-U'shda
Rohi-Hast-Sra
76'
7!1 . .. .
Jll:·(a) .. "
M(a)

Mri-Chi-Dha
Aru-Swat-Sata
llO
81
32
.. .. ".. ., "
.. ." .. ''.
"
M. (a) .. .. ....
" E'.(j)
l'ushy-Anu-U'dra 83' .,
Adcs- Jyes-Rev. IJ·I ,
.... " .... .."
F.(v)
.
"
" "
".
... ...
Asw-Hakh-Mula 85'M.(p) :u:(p) " M.(t)
I "
Dha-l'ubba-P'shda 861 ,
Kri-Uttar-U'shda 87 J:'.(j) '
F.(j)
"
I
... " "
Ruhi-Hast-Sra
1llri-Chit-Dba
Aru-Swat-Sata
' 68 ,
69, ,
90·
M:•(p)
. .. " ." .."
"
" . llt.(p)
" .
"

I
87
 Table H
The Standard for each Country

Hours plus East Year of

Country or minus West of adoption
Greenwich
Africa (South-British) + 2-0-0 1903
Amtrica.
Atlantic Coast 4-0-0
Penama Canal (Eastern) 5-0-0 1883
Mississippi Valley (Central) G-0-0 1890
Rocky !\ft. Zone
Pacific
" 7-0-0
8-0-0
Australia (Western) + 8-0-0 1895
(Central) + 9-30-0
(Eastern) T ' 10-0-0
Belgium + 1-0-0
Burma + 6-30·0 1906
British Columbia + 8-0-0 1883
China (Shanghai) + 8-0-0
France + 0-9-21 1911
Germany + 1-0-0 1893
Italy + 1-0-0
India + 5-30-0 1906
Ireland 0-25-21
japan + 9-0-0 1888
Malaya (Singapore) + 6-55-20 1906
New Zealand + 11-30-0
H. M.S.
N.B. For Summer Saving, turn to P. 94-.

88
 Table 1 •
(See l'>otc on P 91, Instructions on P 64). *
Place Lat +or- Place Lat. +or-
Stand. Stand
Time Time
Deg. M. M.S. Deg. M.
34 50 + 7 14 11 Berar 20 40 -:22 1
Aberdeen, Sea. 37 10 Berha mpur 19 I X + 94
Agra A & 0 27 10 -Ill 0 I Berlin 52 51 - 62
Ahmadabad 23 5 -40 0 llczwada 16 28 - 71
Ahmadnagar, Bhandara, C. P.21 10 -I I 2
-3114 Bhatnair,Raj. 2930 -32 1
Born.
Ajmerc
19 12
I
26 30 -31 44 Bhopal, C. I. 23 15 -21 l
Ayodya, Oud. 26 40 - 0 22 Bihar 24 10 +10 4
Aligarh A,£ 0 27 54 - J 7 40 Bijapur 16 46 -26 5
Allahabad 25 35 - 2 36 llikancr 2G 0 -37 I
Amritsar Pun. 31 39 - 30 26 Bilaspur, C. P. 22 7 - I I
Anaimali 10 20 -24 0 Bobhili 1!133 +4 i
Anantapur 14 38 - 19 28 lllolangir 20 50 + 5 21
Arcot, Mad. 12 46 -12 18 . Bombay . 18 57 -3B 21
Aurangabad, Bordeaux 44 48 - 2 )1
Hyd.

Badulla, Gey.
19 52

7 0
I
-29 0 Brisbane
. Budapest
- 6 G Buffalo
27 30
47 30
42 39
+12 i

-15 21
Balasore, Bin. 21 30 +17 36 Bulsar 20 35 -38 It
Banda, U. P. 25 30 -IOH
I! a! ti more 39 35 -13 44 Calais 50 57 - IS:
llangalore I 2 57 -20 0 Calcutta 22 34 +23 4(
llangkok (Siam I I 3 38 -13 44 Calicut I I 12 -26 4(
ll::mkiport! 25 40 +10 0 California 37 0 I
Barielly, U. p. 28 21 -II 44 Cambay .21 0 -40 (
llaroda 22 15 -38 0 Cambodia 8 35 + 4 4(
llasscin I 9 I 6 -38 24 Cambridge 52 12 +0
Bedford 52 8 - 2 a Cawnpore,U.P. 26 28 -814
llclgaum I 5 50 -31 52 Chatrapur 19 25 + 10 24
llcllary I 5 I 2 -22 12 I Chicacolc 18 I 3 + 5 48
Hcuares, U. p. 25 20 + 2 0 · Chicago 41 50 + 9 40
89
 Place Lat. + or- Plaoc Lat. + or-
Stand. Stand.
Time Time
Deg. M M.S. Deg. M. M.S.
Chilaw. Cey.
Chini
7 35 - io 2o
31 32 -1648
i
Fyzabad 26 54 - I 40
Chittoor 13 5 -14 0 I Gadag 14 50 -27 20
Cocanada 16 50 - I 12 Cadwal 16 3 28
Coehin 945 -25 8 I Galle, Ccy. 6 0 - 9 0
Coimbatorc 11 0 -22 8 Ganjam 19 25 +10 32
Colombo, Ccy. 6 50 -I 0 20 28 35 -20 4
Conjecvaram 12 49 -13 28 1 Ghazipur 25 35 + 4 IG
Coach Behar 26 15 +28 0 I Gilgit 35 55 -32 32
Ooonoor
Cork
II 15 -22 41.! Goa
51 55 - 9 48 Gokak
I 15 25
Hill
-!H 28
-30 32
Cucldalore II 39 - II 0 Golconda 17 21 -16 20
Cuddapah 14 24 - 14 40 22 0 -45 36
Cutch 23 30 -50 0 1. Gooty 15 7 -19 12
Cuttack 20 27 + 13 20 Gujranwala 32 12 -33 12
Guntakal 15 8 -20 0
Dacca 23 ·15 +31 32 Guntur 16 13 - 8 8
Dalhousie, 16 0 -6 18 , Gwalior 26 20 -17 32
Darbhanga 26 G +14 0
Darjeeling 27 3 +23 12 Hamilton, (can) 55 47 -20 32
Delhi 28 45 -20 40 1-Iardwar 29 59 -15 32
Denver 39 50 -24 0 Hindupur 13 49 - 9 12
Dharampur
Dharwar 15 23 -22 0 Hooghly
I
20 36 -36 40 Hingoli 19 5()
23 2
-20 20
+23 40
Dindigul 10 17 -HI 0 · Hoshiarptrr 31 32 -26 12
•Durban 29 5fJ + 3 43 I Hydcrabad, A.P.I7 20 -16 4

Edinburgh 55 57 - 3 44 \Illinois 40 40 0 0
Ell ore 16 40 - 5 20 , lmphal 27 42 +46 0
Ernakulam
Erode
9 59
II 20
-24 H
-18 56
i
Indore 22 33 -31 41

Etah, U.P. 27 3-1 -15 12 Jocobabad 211 20 -56 0

Jafarabad 20 52 -44 20
Faridkot 30 31 -31 24 Jagdalpur 19 2 -136
Fatchp1.1r 28 5 -29 40 Jaipur 26 54- -26 24
Ferozepore 30 54 -30 20 I Jalalabad 34 24 -4B 16
90
 Lat. +or- Place Lat. +ol
Stand. Stai
Time Ti1
De2.. M. M.S. Deg. M.
Jamnagar 22 10 -49 36 I Laswari 26 10 -li

.
Lasbkar
Jessorc 23 10 +27 0 27 4·5 -21
JcnJore 18 50 -1- 0 32 Lincoln 53 14 - r
Jodhpur 26 20 -40 8 Liverpool 53 24
Jullundur 31 19 -28 0 Londa 15 12 -31
Lucknow 26 51 -(
Kadur 13 32 -25 48 Ludhi?.na 30 52 -2E
Kaira 22 44
Kalcwa, Burma
23 5
-39 4
-13 20 .!!Macdonald
I
23 30
K.alimpong 27 0 +24 0 ·*Mackay 21 10
Kalka 30 45 -20 20 Me Muuay 56 35 -2!
Kalyan 19 15 -37 20 Madhopur 27 20 -21
Kanker 20 15 - 3 48 !v1adras 13 4 -
Kapurthala 31 20 -2!l 0 Madura 9 52 - )j
·Karwar 14 ·1-9 -33 32 Mahaj:m 28 45 -31
Kashipur 29 13 -14 0 :Mahbubnagar 16 45 -H
Katmandu 27 43 +II a Mahe II 39
I<.auti 23 47 - u 0 Mainpuri 27 10 - 1!
Kavali 14 55 - 9 14 Makrai 22 5 -21
Kcngtung, 21 5 + H 40 I Mnlacca 2 10 - d
Khairpur
Khamgaon
27 40
20
-5412
-23 32
; Maida
. Ma1iwun, B.
24 55
10 12 -·
+?'
+ 4
Kbandesh
Kohat
KoJ.nr.
21 0
33 36
13 9
-30 0
-44 6
-17 28
Malkpur
J\·1alta
Malvan
20 53
35 52
IG 10
-.
- 3;
<

Kolhapur 16 35 -33 () Malaw 24 30 -2€

Kotri 25 15 -56 48 Manar 9 0 -H
Kottayam 9 30 -23 2B :ManasarCilwar 30 45 - 1
Kuala Lumpur 3 20 -II 20 Mandalay 22 10 -2E
Kumbakonam 10 57 -12 20 Mandla 22 ·10 -1
Kumool 15 ·1-0 -IU 0 Mandvi 22 56
Mangalore 12 49 -3(
Lahore 31 33 - 32 56 Manikpur 25 4 -
Lakshimpur
Lancaster
27
54 3
u +47 0
-II 12
j Mnnmad
Mannargudi
20 15
10 35 -11
Larkana 27 45 -57 213 Masulipatam 16 12

91
 Place Lat. +or- Place > Lat. +or-
Stand. Stand.
Time Time
Deg. M. M.S. Dcg. M. M.S.
1
Malara 5 55 - lJ 0 Negapatam 10 42 -1014
Mathern 19 0 - 3!i -10 I Ncllore 14 25 !J 56
Medak 13 0 -17 20 I "New Guinea !J 0 - 6 0
Meerut 0 -19 lG I New Orleans 30 10 - 0 24
Mahidpur 23 2!1 -27 12 1\:cw York 41 0 + 4· 20
:Merta 26 3!l -33 3G ! Nilgiri I l 15 -2·1· 0
Mcrwara 26 I -33 5!i I Nizamabad IB 35 -17 40
Miani 0 -5220 , Northampton 52 15 - 3 3G
Midnaporc 22 27 +WU Norwich 52 38 - 5 12
25 7 + 0 IG
1
Min:apur Nottingham 52 57 - 4 32
Mithanl!:ot 2ll 55 -4:.120 I Nowgong 2G 16 +·H 12
I\-longhyr 25 22 +16 0 I Nuwara, Eliya G 52 7
Mongolia 4G 30 +10 0
I\loutrcal 45 31 + 5 0 • Oakland 37 50 - •10
!)
Morvi 22 49 -4G 24 ; Ohio 38 0 + 8 0
Mudgal 16 0 -24 20 I Ootacamund 1 l 23 -23 20
:Munich, G. 48 1.! -J.t. 0 Ottawa 45 12 - 3 28
!vfurshidabad 24· 10 +II 0 Oxford 51 46 - 5 4
Mussooric 30 30 -17 0 I
Muura 27 30 -I!J 12 Pal an pur 2+ II.! -·10 20
Muzalfarpur 26 0 +10 0 I P;tlghat 10 43 -23 24
Mysorc 12 13 -23 2ll I Pandharpur 17 39 -28 36
1 Panipat 2!l N -22 12
Nagar 36 5 -30 32 1 Paris 40 50 -t- 0 3
Nagpur 21 12 1 Partabgarh 2G 0 - 2 0
Nandidroog 13 22 - I!J Patiaia 30 23 -2-1-20

I
1
Nandyal 15 30 -1540 Patna 25 30 +ll 0
Nanjangud 12 3 -23 0 Pcdro-l't 9 50 - 9 0
Nantes 47 13 -12 0 Pegu l7 8 - oJ 0
Narasapur 16 18 - 2 12 Pckan 3 29 - 2 0
Narayanaganji 23 15 +30 20 I Peking 39 55 -13 12
Narsiugpur 23 2 -13 H j Penang 5!8 -15 4
Nasik 20 4 -3+ 0 *Peru l I 30 0 0
Nasir a bad 26 18 -30 IG Peshawar 33 59 -44 0
*Natal 29 0 + 2 0 Philadelphia 39 4B - I 28
Navanagar 22 30 -50 0 Pollachi 10 G -21 5G

92
 Place Lat. + or- Place Lat. +ol
Stand. Star
Time Tin
Deg. M. MS. Dc_g. M. M
Porbandar
*Ponland
21 1·5
3B 25
I
52 Santipur 23
- 3 20 Secunderabad 17 23 -15
0 +2+
Portsmouth 50•W +N 0 Sa tara 17 33 -33
Prince, Albert 53 0 - 3 20 Shah bad 27 36 -10
Promc Ja 4·3 - 9 0 1 Shanghai 31 28 - I'
Pudukkottai 10 23 -14 52 Sholapur 17 37 -26
Puri 19 46 +13 20 Sialkot 32 30 -31\
Silchar 2·1 5·1- +·1-2
Quebec 47 0 -16 0 Singapore 1 20 - 0
Quctta 30 G -32 0 Srinag:u 34 6 -30:
Stuttgart, G. 48 46 -50
Radhnnpur 23 49 24- J Sukkur 27 40 -30
Rag alia 6 5H - G 0 , Surat 21 12 -38
Raichur
Raignrh
16 6 -20 40 I
21 59 + 3 56 Talala 21 I !l -36
Rninagnr
Rnipur
3 2
21 IB
I
+22 4 Tanakpur
- 2 52 Tavoy
29 10 - 9:
14 5 + 2l
Rajahmundry 17 0 - 2 4!! Tinncvclly 8 41 -1!l,
Rnjapur 16 36 -35 40 Tipperary 52 28 -32'
Rajnputna 27 20 -36 0 Tiruchcndur ll 30 -171
Ramgarh 23 0 - 6 0 Tokyo, J. 35 45 +191
Ramnnd 918 -14 20 Tonk 26 8 -26
Ranclli 23 2+ +II 28 Toronto 43 40 -171
Rangoon 16 45 - 5 20 Travancorc 9 0 -22
Raniganj 23 20 -21 •10 I 8 27 -19!
Rataugiri 16 59 -36 23 Tumkur 13 20 -21)
Ratnapura 6 20 - 8 0 Tuni 17 21 -1- 2
Repallc 15 57 - 6 8 I
Rcwnh 2-l 20 - 5 0 Ujjain 23 10 -26·
Rcwari 28 Ill -23 40 Umarkot 25 20 -so:
Rohikhan 28 50 -15 20 I Unao 26 32 - 7!
Rome •1·1 54 -10 0 .
J Vaikurn 9 50 -24:
Sahari 17 •10 - 3 20 · Vancouver 19 30 -211·'
Salem 11 35 -17 20 Vclbre 12 56 -13:
S:dur 18 31 + 3 0 1 Vijapur 23 6 -41:

93
 Place Lat. +or- Pi ace Lat. +or-
Stand. Stand.
Tim.c l"ime
Dc_g. M. M.S. De_g. M. M.S.
Vijayadrug 16 30 -3G 0 1 Wardha 20 ·Hl· -15
Vizagapitam 17 40
Vizianagaram Ill a
+ 3 16 Washington 47 0 () 0
+ 3 44 I Windsor 51 2ll - 2 28
Sadhwam 22 40 -4320 ·Winnipeg 52 30 -32 0
Waraugal 1i 50 -11·!{)

Note : The places marked with asterisks have

Southern Latitudes. All others have Northern Latitudes.
The Summer Saving otherwise called Daylight Saving
is adopted during some months of a year differently by
different countries to let ofT the workers in offices and
industries well before dark.
In England, one hour advance operates from Sunday
mid-April to another Sunday in the first week of October.
Likewise in Hongkong. In Malaya 20 minutes is advanc-
ed, and 30 minutes at Singapore; in Honkong 1 hour. from
Sunday in April to another Sunday in October. There are
some other countries as well which keep different times for
Saving, and as these are sometimes variable, such are
omitted, but all these excesses should first be deducted from
the given Standard time of birth (unless such have already
been deducted by the clients supplying the data) to
obtain finally the equivalent Local Mean Time from the
.above Table.

94
 Abbreviations for the Asterisms in Table F.

Abb Abb
Asvani (Asw) Swati (Swat)
Bharani (Bha) Visakha (Vis)
Krittika (Kri) Anuradha
Rohini (Robi) Jycsta (Jyes)
Mrigasira (Mri) Mula (Mula)
Arudra (Aru) Purvashada (P'shda)
Punarvasu (Pun) U ttarashada (U'shdn)
Pushyami (Pushy) Sravanam (Sra)
As!csha (As!es) Dhanista (Dha)
Makha (Makh) Sathabhish (Sata)
Pubba (Pubba) Purvabhadra (P'dra)
Uttar a (Uttar) Uttarabhadra (U'dra)
Hast a (Hast) Revathi (Rev)
Chittra (Chit)

Signs and Triplicity

Aries, Cancer, Libra, Capricorn are Movable Signs.
Taurus, Leo, Scorpio, Aquarius , Fixed
Gemini, Virgo, Sagittarius, Pisces , Common ,
English Sanskrit
Arics-Mesha Librn-Thula-
Taurus-Vrishabha Scorpio-Vrischika
Gcrnini-lvfidhuna Sagittarius-Dhanas
Gancer-Karkatab Capricorn-!\.fakara
Leo-Sirnha Aqunrius-Kumbh a
Virgo-Kanyn l'isces-M:eena

95
 BJBIOGRAPHY

R. Ball's Story of the Heavens and one or two other

standard Books on Astronomy.
Henry Drummand's Natural law in the Spiritual
World, (41st edition).
Collin's Synthetic Philosophy of Spencer.
John Fiske's Outlines of Cosmic Philosophy.
Harries' Nature, Mind and Modern Science.
Dr. V. Gore's (1) Modern Sciences Vindicate Ayurveda
(2) Article "Astrology, Ayurveda and Medical Physics" in
the Astrological Magazine Annual for 1956.
Dr. G. Dwarakanath's Fundamental Principles of
Ayurveda.
S. Rajan's Raja Jyothida Ganitham.
Nautical Almanac for 1957, for verification of the
results of Equation of time.

96