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موقع الطريق المضئ.انجليزى اولى ثانوي ترم اول 2019
موقع الطريق المضئ.انجليزى اولى ثانوي ترم اول 2019
عن أبي هريرة رضي هللا عنه أن رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وسلم قال ِ(( :إَذ ا َم اَت اِإْل ْنَس اُن اْنَقَطَع
َع ْنُه َع َم ُلُه ِإاَّل ِم ْن َثاَل َثٍة ِ :إاَّل ِم ْن َص َد َقٍة َج اِرَيٍة َ ،أْو ِع ْلٍم ُيْنَتَفُع ِبِه َ ،أْو َو َلٍد َص اِلٍح َيْدُعو َلُه )) .
حمل تطبيق موقع الطريق المضئ مجانا على االجهزة الذكية والهواتف المحمولة
?https://play.google.com/store/apps/details
id=com.thelightway
https://www.facebook.com/thelightway0/?ref=bookmarks
https://plus.google.com/+EggoalTV
الئق بدنيًا fit استشعار عن ُبعد remote مدرسة ثانوية high school
شجــــــــاع brave يهبــــــــط sensing
land تعليم البنات girls’ education
هــــــــادىء calm يربي و ُيعلم educate ناظرة مدرسة headmistress
حريــــــــص careful خبـــــــــرة experience حقــــــــًا really
مرح – بشوش cheerful صــــــــورة photograph يناقـــــــــش discuss
نمــــــــوذج sample تصوير photography يذكـــــــــر mention
ســــــــالم peace فوتوغرافى
عالم جيولوجى geologist عالم نووى nuclear scientist
عنــــــصري racial تربــــــــة soil يحتوى على contain
تمييــــز – discrimination حديــــــــث modern أستاذ جامعى professor
تفرقـــة
مؤلـــــــــــف author جوفــــــــــي underground يكتشـــــــــف discover
اسطــــــــورة legend صخــــــــور water
rocks فمتو ثانية femtosecond
أسطــــــــورى legendary كبيــــــــــــر large جزء من المليون millionth
سابــــــــق former اقتبــــــــاس quotation جزء من البليون billionth
رئيــــــــس president مقــــــــال article أهـــــــــداف goals
ُيعد – ُيجهز prepare يشمل – يتضمن include احتفال -مراسم ceremony
على قيد الحياة alive شــــــــــــاب young man يتسلـــــــــم receive
ممتــــــــع enjoyable ُم ندهــــــــــــش surprised جائزة نوبل Nobel Prize
ممتع – مثير exciting ناجــــــــــــح successful حائز علي نوبل Nobel Laureate
يصــــــــف describe فرصــــــــــــة chance الكيميـــــــــاء chemistry
ُح ْك ـــــــــم -يحكم rule رائــــــــــــد astronaut أدويـــــــــة medicines
رفع األثقال weightlifting ُمفضاء
حتــــــــــــرف professional شكـــــــــل shape
خطاب /حديث speech حقيقــــــــــــى real قائـــــــــد leader
ذري -نووي nuclear قمــــر صناعى satellite جــــــــــراح surgeon
اشـــــعاع radiation غالف جوى atmosphere عملية جراحية operation
مشـــــــــع radioactive بطـــــل champion ينقــــــــذ save
مواد -خامات materials بطولــــــــــــة championship معهــــــــد Institute
باحث researcher منافســـــــة competition تعبيـــــــــر expression
قرن ( 100عام) century صفة – ميزة quality معجب بــ admire
استقــــــــــالل independence يحســـــــن improve اعجــــــــاب admiration
حركــــــــــــة movement ودود friendly يكرم -تكريم honour
اسهامــــــات contributions ممتـــــــع funny غير منتظم – شاذ irregular
الفيزيـــــــــاء physics عظيــــــــم great سلبـــــــــي negative
نظريــــــة theory ُم جتهــــــــد hard working شريـــــــــك partner
النسبيــــــة relativity ُم ساِع د– ُم عاون helpful ُيخمـــــــــن guess
عبــــــــارة phrase شيــــــــق interesting ضخـــــــــم huge
نجوم رياضية sports stars عــــــــادى ordinary كميـــــــــة quantity
نفس الشىء the same مــــــــؤدب polite مشروع فضائي space project
مجتمــــــــع society محبوب – شعبى popular يجمع – يتجمع collect
مظهــــــــر appearance ضعيـــــــــف weak ميداليــــــــــــة medal
شخصيــــــــة character قــــــــوى strong مدير -مخرج director
تأثيــر -يؤثر علي influence ذكــــــــى intelligent مواطـــــــــــن citizen
Expressions
)expert in (on / at خبير فى do a quiz يحل امتحان قصير
thanks to بفضل famous for مشهور بـ
take photographs / pictures يصور succeed in ينجح فى
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 6
First Year Hello English First Term
27-How is life different for girls today than it was for your grandmother when she was
young? Not many girls went to school in Egypt in the early twentieth century. Now it is very
different. There are nearly as many girls in secondary education as boys, and many girls study
at university
28-Why do you think women's health is better today than 100 years ago?
s health is much better today because of medical care
29-What do you do to keep healthy? I should follow the rules of personal cleanliness to
avoid catching diseases .
30-"Boys and girls are all born the same, so we should all have the same opportunities."
Do you agree? Why / Why not? I agree as both of them have the same rights.
31-Who is Mustafa EI Sayed ? He is a scientist and nanoscience researcher.
32-What does "nano" in "nanoscience" mean ? It means a science of a very small things.
33-Where is his work useful? Dr Mostaf a EI-Sayed's work is very useful in medicine.
34-What does he study ? He studies fhe smallest parts of things.
35-Which field of science his work is useful? His work can be very useful in medicine.
36-What is his son's job ? What does he try to use ? Why?
His son is an important surgeon and he wants to use his father's work to help people.
37-When was Zeinab Oteify born? She was born in Egypt
38-What was she like ? She was hard-working, brave and strong
39-Where does Zeinab Oteify live? /What dld Zeinab Oteify do? / Why is she famous?
She lived in Egypt .She was a paralympic champion at weightlifting
40-Why do you lIke Zeinab Oteify? / How has Zeinab Oteify influenced يؤثر عليyou?ا
I like her because she could challenge يتحديher disability اعاقة.
She influenced me as she showed me that I can do a lot of things even with a disability.
41-What do you know about Neil Armstrong? He was the first man to walk on the moon.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 7
First Year Hello English First Term
Do / Does + الفعل فى المصدر+ ………الفاعل.…?
- Do you work in Cairo? Yes, I do. No, I don't.
- Does he work in Cairo? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't.
do / does فى الجملة نستخدمه وال نستخدمverb to be (am / is / are) إذا وجدنا
- What is his job?
نستخدمpassive إلى مبنى للمجهولactive عند تحويل جملة فى زمن المضارع البسيط من مبنى للمعلوم
Object مفعول + am / is / are + p.p.
- Somebody cleans this room every day. (This room….) This room is cleaned every day.
- They make cars in Japan. (American cars…..) Cars are made in Hapan.
Usage: االستخدام
The sun shines in the day fact يستخدم المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن حقيقة
repeated action أو حدث متكررhabit يستخدم المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن عادة
- I walk to school every day.
true situation يعبر المضارع البسيط عن حالة أو موقف حقيقى دائم
- I live in Cairo.
يستخدم المضارع البسيط مع الظروف الزمنية اآلتية وتأتى فى نهاية الجملة أو أولها
every day / every week / every year / twice a week / twice a month
- Rania goes to the club every Monday.Every Monday Rania goes to the club.
verb to be قبل الفعل األصلى أو بعد: يستخدم المضارع البسيط مع ظروف التكرار و تأتى
always دائمًا- usually عادًة- often غالبًا- sometimes – أحيانًا
not often - rarely نادرًا- never – أبدًاever – frequently مرارا- occasionally احيانا
- I sometimes walk to school. - I never drive into town.
- I am never late for school. - She is always tired in the evenings.
أول الجملة أو أخرهاusually / sometimes الحظ أنه يمكن استخدام
- Usually I walk to school. - I cycle to school sometimes.
بعض األفعال عادة ال تستخدم فى األزمنة المستمرة مثل
believe / forget / hate / know / like / see / understand / want
- I know what you mean. I am knowing what you mean.
Past Simple Tense زمن الماضى البسيط
@ Form: التصريف الثانى للفعل
play à played eat à ate
Regular Verbs: األفعال المنتظمة
:) مثلed( ?هى األفعال التى يضاف لها
visit à visited want à wanted
liveà lived مثلe للفعل المنتهى بحرفd ? يضاف حرف
ed مسبوق بحرف متحرك يضاف لهy / w ? إذا كان الفعل ينتهى بحرف
enjoy à enjoyed show à showed
ied مسبوق بحرف ساكن يحذف و يضافy ? اذا كان الفعل ينتهى بحرف
carry à carried study à studied
ed ? إذا كان الفعل يتكون من مقطع واحد و ينتهى بحرف ساكن مسبوق بحرف متحرك يضاغف الحرف األخير و يضاف
plan à planned stop à stopped
Irregular Verbs: األفعال الشاذة
: و تحفظ جيدا مثلed ?هى األفعال التى ال يضاف لها
go à went break à broke build à built
) + didn'tفى حالة النفى نستخدم (المصدر
- They visited Japan. They didn't visit Japan.
فى حالة تكوين سؤال باستخدام أداة استفهام نستخدم
أداة إستفهام+ did + الفعل فى المصدر+ ………الفاعل.…?
- What did you eat yesterday?
فى حالة تكوين سؤال بمعنى "هل" نستخدم
Did + الفعل فى المصدر+ ………الفاعل.…?
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 8
First Year Hello English First Term
- Did he buy a new car? Yes, he did. No, he didn't.
كما يلىpassive ? يتم تحويل زمن الماضى البسيط إلى مبنى للمجهول
Object مفعول+ was / were + pp + by + subject فاعل
Shakespeare wrote Hamlet. (Hamlet) Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.
@ Usage: االستخدام
.He drove into town yesterday .?يعبر الماضى البسيط عن حدث بدأ و انتهى فى وقت محدد في الماضي
.He got into his car and drove away ? يستخدم الماضى البسيط لوصف أحداث تتبع بعضها فى قصة
.He drove into town every day last week .?يعبر الماضى البسيط عن عادات و أفعال متكررة فى الماضى
. للتعبير عن عادة أو موقف فى الماضىused to ?غالبا ما نستخدم
- When I was young, we lived by the sea. (used to)
- When I was young, we used to live by the sea.
:?يستخدم الماضى البسيط مع الكلمات اآلتية
yesterday أمس- ago منذ- last…. ... الماضى- in the past في الماضى once ذات مرة- once
upon a time ذات مرة- one day فى يوم ما in 2007 – from + سنة+ to + – سنةWhen I was…
- He wrote letters last night.
))When = How long ago ال حظ أن
When did you start playing the guitar? = How long ago did you start playing the guitar?
UNIT 1 Famous Egyptians ( Workbook )
1 Match to make sentences.
a Nabawiya Musa was the first Egyptian woman 1 a famous scientist
b In 1920, she wrote a famous book 2 is very useful in medicine.
c Nabawiya Musa became 3 about girls' education.
d Dr Mostafa EI-Sayed is 4 the headmistress of a girls' school .
e He often writes in 5 to go to high school.
f His son is 6 science magazines.
g Dr Mostafa EI-Sayed's work 7 an important surgeon.
2 Add these words to the dictionary page.
famous 1) ....................... a teacher who is a woman and the leader of a school
headmistress 2) ....................... the treatment and study of illnesses and injuries
medicine 3) ....................... a doctor who does operations in a hospital
surgeon 4) ....................... something that makes it easier to do something
useful 5) ....................... known about by a lot of people
3 Complete these sentences with words from Exercise 2.
a My brother is studying ………….. because he wants to be a doctor.
b The ………….of my first school was a good teacher and a very clever woman.
c After the accident, the …………. saved the man's life.
d We all knew the name of the tennis player because he is very…….
e Mobile phones are very …………….. . They can do many things
3 Complete with the present or past simple form of the verbs in brackets.
DR AHMED ZEWAIL
Ahmed Zewail was born in 1946 in Egypt where he a) ..grew up… . (grow up). He b)
……….…..(go) to Alexandria University. He c)……..…….. (finish) his studies in the United
States in 1974. After this, Dr Zewail d)………..…. (work) at the University of California. In
1976, he e)…………..….. (become) a professor at the California Institute of Technology.
In 1998, at the age of 52, Dr Zewail f) …..……….(win) the Benjamin Franklin Medal
because he g)………….... (discover) the femto second, which is one millionth of one billionth
of a second. Many scientists, students and important people h)…………… (come) to the
ceremony and i)…………. (see) Dr Zewail receive his prize. One year later, Dr Zewail j)
………….. (get) the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Dr Zewai l now k)…….…….. (live) in
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 9
First Year Hello English First Term
California and l)……..….. (have) four children. His wife, Dema Zewail, m)……..……(be) a
doctor. He now n)……….…(help) scientists to make new medicines.
1 Complete the sentences with the past simple of these verbs.
Play score take win
a When I went on holiday, I always ……….. a lot of photographs
b When my brother was young, he…………. football every day.
c My football team………….. their match last weekend.
They …………….more goals than the other team .
2 Choose the correct word.
a Farms in the desert often need to find underground / grounded water.
b Our teacher is a real expert / geologist She knows everything about Egyptian history.
c The start of space / satellites is about 100 km above the earth .
d Only astronauts / directors can travel to the moon.
e I like studying rocks, so I want to become an astronaut / geologist
f It is important for all children to have a good expression / education
9 Plants grow very quickly in the soil / space in our garden.
3 Complete the puzzle to find a word that relates to space.
a the area outside the earth, where stars are
b a doctor who does operations in a hospital
c the process of learning that you get at school or university
d someone who knows a lot about a subject or is very good at something
e plants grown well in this f under the earth
9 known about by a lot of people h something that makes it easier to do something
i someone who studies the history of rocks
. عند ترجمة الجملة الفعلية إلى اللغة اإلنجليزية نبدأ بالفاعل ثم الفعل ثم التكملة-
We should take part in building our country. علينا ان نساهم في بناء بالدنا.
World civilization owes a great deal to the Arabs. تدين حضارة العالم بالكثير للعرب.
. ارض خضراءinto الصحراء اليchange أن يحولYouth يستطيع الشباب-
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
advanced countries الدول المتقدمةcope with لمواكبةfields التكنولوجيا الحديثة في كافة المجاالتapply علينا أن نطبق-
. .……………………………………………………………………………………………-.
information في مجال تكنولوجيا المعلوماتgreat هائلةrevolution ثورةrecent age العصر الحاليwitness شهد-
. واالنترنتtechnology
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
الجملة العربية قد تستغني عن الفعل ولكن ال بد من وجود فعل في الجملة اإلنجليزية-2
Science is يكونa double-edged weapon.العلم سالح ذو حدين.
. بالعالم من حولناscopes وتنمي مداركناcultutre ثقافتناenrich القراءة هواية ممتعة تثري-
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
.cultural الثقافيةrenaissance لنهضتناbright القاهرة الدولي للكتاب صورة مشرفةfair معرض-
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
. عنهاdo without هذا العصر فقد أصبح ضرورة ال يمكن االستغناءmiracle االنترنت هو معجزة-
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
في المضارع عند الترجمة للعربية ولكن يظهر في الماضيv. to be ال يظهر-3
. الدكتور مجدي يعقوب مثال جيد للجراح المصري الناجح-
Professor MagdiYacoub is a good example of a successful Egyptian surgeon.
. لقد كانت قصة أوليفر تويست تعليق جيد علي ظروف العصر-
"Oliver Twist" was a clever commentary on the politics of the day.
Test yourself
. ـ الكتاب أفضل صديق2 . ـ المدرسة جميلة1
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 10
First Year Hello English First Term
4ـ أرسلت إلى صديقى خطاب letterباألمس. 3ـ أكتب إلى صديقى مرة onceكل أسبوع .
6ـ يجب أن نذاكر بجد . 5ـ ذهبنا إلى السوق marketالجمعة الماضية .
8ـ نجيب محفوظ من one ofأعظم كتاب writersالعالم . 7ـ سافر عمى إلى لندن Londonالصيف الماضى .
10ـ يذهب الطالب إلى المكتبة libraryللقراءة . 9ـ نصحنى الدكتور أن ال أغادر leaveالسرير لمدة أسبوع.
11ـ إن القراءة مفيدة usefulفهى تزيد increaseمعلوماتنا. information
13ـ يجب أن نطيع obeyوالدينا ونحترم respectمعلمينا . 12ـ على كل shouldطالب studentأن يعمل بجد.
14ـ ذهبت إلى شاطئ beachالبحر وقضيت spendهناك أسبوعا 15 .ـ أرسل لى صديق برقية a postcardفى عيد ميالدى.
16ـ هل أستطيع أن استخدم تيلفونك المحمول من فضلك.
17ـ أفضل القراءة على مشاهدة التيلفزيون .
-While (As / Just as) he was leaving the house, the phone rang.
-The phone rang while (as-just as) he was leaving the house.
. ماضى بسيط ثم ماضى مستمر أو العكس حسب المعنىwhen يمكن أن يأتى بعد
-I was studying English when the lights went out.
-The lights went out when I was studying English.
. ماضى مستمر و الفعل األخر ماضى بسيطbecause يمكن أن يأتى بعد
- Magdycouldn’t hear the phone because he washaving a shower.
:مالحظات
While + ماضى مستمر+ فاعل
1- While + v. + ing =
During + noun اسم/ v. + ing
-While I was having lunch, the phone rang. (During)
During having lunch, the phone rang. During my lunchtime, the phone rang.
2- When + ماضى بسيط+ = فاعلOn + v. + ing / noun اسم
-When the thief saw the police, he ran away. (On) On seeing the police, the thief ran away.
Past Perfect Tense زمن الماضى التام
Form: التكوين
.had + p.p يتكون الماضى التام من
- After he had eaten his lunch, he drank tea.
Usage: االستخدام
. يستخدم الماضى التام ليصف حدث وقع قبل حدث آخر فىالماضى
- When I got home, my mother hadwashed and ironed my clothes.
. الحظ الفرق بين هاتين الجملتين
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 15
First Year Hello English First Term
- When I arrived at the party, Tom left. = Tom left when I arrived.
- When I arrived at the party, Tom hadleft. = Tom left before I arrived.
: يستخدم الماضى التام مع الكلمات اآلتية
after بعد / as soon as بمجرد أن / whenعندما / till / until حتى
before قبل / by the timeقبل / no sooner….than حتى... ...لم يكد
hardly (scarcely)……when…… لم يكد حتى
1- After + subject فاعل+ past perfect ماضى تام + past simple ماضى بسيط
After + v. + ing + past simple ماضى بسيط
Having + pp + past simple ماضى بسيط
- First he read the novel. Then he watched TV. (After / Having)
After he hadread the novel, he watched TV. After reading the novel, he watched TV.
Having read the novel, he watched TV.
2- As soon as + subject فاعل+ past perfect ماضى تام+ past simple ماضى بسيط
- First he found a place. Then he parked his car. (as soon as)
He parked his car as soon as he had found a place.
. و ذلك حسب ترتيب األحداثwhen يستخدم الماضى التام قبل أو بعد
- When he arrived, we hadfinished our dinner. = We had finished our dinner before he arrived.
- When we hadfinished our dinner, he arrived. = He arrived after we had finished our dinner.
. فى زمن الماضى البسيطwhen / as soon as يمكن أن يأتى الفعالن مع
- When I heard the news on the radio, I phoned her.
- Assoonas I heard the news on the radio, I phoned her.
3- Past simple (negative) ماضى بسيط منفى+ till / until + past perfect ماضى تام
- He found a place. Then he parked his car. (until / it wasn’t until)
He didn’t park his car until he hadfound a place.
4- Before + subject فاعل+ past simple ماضى بسيط + past perfect ماضى تام
Before + v. + ing + past perfect ماضى تام
By the time +subject فاعل+past simple ماضى بسيط+ past perfect ماضى تام
- First he read the novel. Then he watched TV. (Before)
Before he watched TV, he had read the novel. Before watching TV, he had read the novel.
- The police arrived but the thief escaped. (By the time)
By the time the police arrived, the thief hadescaped.
. اذا تالها ما يدل على الماضىby يستخدم الماضى التام مع
- By last Friday, he had finished the report.
. إذا كانت الجملة فى الماضىalready / just / never / yet يستخدم الماضى التام مع
- When we arrived at the cinema, the film had already started.
- He told me he had already done his homework.She had just got home when I phoned her.
no sooner than
5- subject فاعل+ had + hardly + p.p. when +past simple ماضى بسيط
scarcely when
- They finished painting our new house. We moved into it.
They had no sooner finished painting our new house than we moved into it.
They had hardly finished painting our new house when we moved into it.
)pp( و التصريف الثالثhad بينno sooner / hardly / scarcely الحظ استخدام
. نضع الجملة األولى فى صيغة استفهامno sooner/hardly/scarcely إذا بدأت الجملة بــ
No sooner than
Hardly + had + subject فاعل+ p.p.+ when + past simple ماضى بسيط
Scarcely when
-They had finished painting our new house. We moved into it.
(No sooner…..than / Hardly……………when)
No sooner had they finished painting our new house than we moved into it.
Hardly had they finished painting our new house when we moved into it.
. البد من استخدام الماضى التام إذا كان ذلك يؤثر على معنى الجملة
- He thanked me for what I had done. - He found the bag, which he had lost.
- He was tired because he had worked for 14 hours.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 16
First Year Hello English First Term
UNIT 2 Charles Dickens ( Workbook )
1 Correct the facts in these sentences.
a Charles Dickens was born in the south of France.
b He lived in the 18th century.
c Charles's father died when Charles was a young boy.
d When he was twelve years old, he went to work in an office.
e Later he became a doctor in London.
f He wrote plays about the lives of rich people.
2 Match the words with their meanings.
a character 1 someone who writes for newspapers
b in debt 2 a story about people that are not real
c journalist 3 a person in a book, play or film
d novel 4 a building where people who do something wrong are sent
e prison 5 when you owe money to someone
3 Complete these sentences with words from Exercise 2.
a A …………...… often interviews people before he or she writes a report.
b If you don't want to go to ………….……. , don't do anything wrong.
c Naguib Mahfouz wrote ……………………s about life in Egypt in the 20th century.
d Bertha is the main ………………….……in Dickens's story The Cricket on the Hearth .
e If you borrow too much money, you will be……………..
3 Make questions. Then ask a partner and write the answers.
a Where/you go/yesterday evening? ........................................................................
c How/you come to school this morning? ........................................................................
b Who/you meet/at the weekend? ........................................................................
d What time/school begin/this morning? ........................................................................
4 Complete this story using the correct past forms of these verbs.
arrive catch clean come drink
get happen introduce live read
sail start talk tell wait watch
We a)…… got …….. on board our felucca at 11 o'clock, although we b)……………..in
Aswan nearly two hours earlier. As soon as we were on board, the captain and crew of our
boat c)…………….. themselves to us. After we d)……………..the Nile Police about our
journey at their office, we e)……………..our journey down the Nile to Faras. During the
hottest part of the day, we f)…………….. to other passengers, g)……………..our books, or
just h)…………….. the everyday lives of the people who i)……………..by the river. So many
things j)…………….. cows which k)……………..from the nearby fields l)…………….. from the
river; fishermen m)…………….. for a fish. As we n)……………..by, one of these men o)
…………….. a fish which he p)……………..a few minutes earlier.
1 Complete the puzzle to find a word.
a the inside surface of the top part of a room (…………………..)
b the true facts about something (…………………..)
c to be unsuccessful in doing something (…………………..)
d damaged, with thin lines on its surface (…………………..)
e a person or company that pays people to work for them (…………………..)
f something to cover walls to give them a smooth surface (…………………..)
2 Complete these sentences with the words from Exercise 1.
a Mansour put …………………(plaster) on the walls and then painted them white.
b After the cup fell on the floor, I saw that it was…………..…………
c We know what Ali did last week, because he always tells the………….……
d Mona did not ……………….…. any of her exams. She did very well!
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 17
First Year Hello English First Term
e Mr Ghaboor has a new …………………... . He is now working in the hospital
f Fady is very tall . He can touch the……………….………!
3 When you are reading, it is important to guess the meanings of new words. Try
asking yourself the questions in the box.
• What kind of word is it: a noun, a verb or an adjective?
• Can I work out t he meaning of the word from the rest of the sentence 7
Now guess the meaning of the words in bold. Check in a dictionary.
a Caleb had a difficult choice: to invent things to keep his daughter happy, or to tell the truth.
b Caleb felt rewarded when Bertha told him how happy she was.
c The moral of the story is that it is always best to tell the truth.
).. هما/ هو/ إلي ضمير شخصي في اللغة العربية (هيv.to be قد يترجم-1
My favourite hobby is listening to music. إن هوايتي المفضلة هي االستماع إلي الموسيقي
.) إلي فعل أخر بما يتوافق مع سياق الكالم أو يحذفv.to be( وقد يترجم-2
Freedom is a main demand for all peoples.
. الحرية مطلب رئيسي لجميع الشعوب. تمثل الحرية مطلب رئيسي لجميع الشعوب-
Democracy الديمقراطيةis the corner stone حجر الزاويةin our world today.
. ...................................................................................................... -
…… يناقش/ يصاب/ يقتني) أو ( يتناول/ لدي/ يملك/ عند/ يترجم إلي ( لـv.to have -3
لقد أصبح متاحا لكل طالب اقتناء جهاز حاسب آلي-
It has become available for each student to have a computer set.
والعــدلwisdom والحكمــةpatience والصــبرcourage الشــجاعةqualities بصــفاتideal leader يتحلي القائــد المثــالي-
. fairness
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
. يجب إظهارها عند الترجمة إلى اإلنجليزيةpronouns الضمائر المستترة فى العربية-4
. نفخر بأن التعليم هو المشروع االول في مصر-
We're proud that education is the first national project in Egypt.
… In order to/so as to / to لكي+ المصدر: الم التعليل تترجم إلى-4
. يستطيع كل منا أن يساهم في تقدم ورفعة بالدنا لنفتخر به دائما-
Each one of us can share in the progress and the excellence of our country to be always
proud of them.
المنتجـــات العالميـــةcompleteلكي تنـــافسhigh quality المصـــرية عاليـــة الجـــودةproducts يجب أن تكـــون المنتجـــات-
. international
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
Test yourself
. ـ الكتاب أفضل صديق2 . ـ مدرستي جميلة و نظيفة1
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 18
First Year Hello English First Term
4ـ أرسلت إلى صديقى خطاب letterباألمس. 3ـ أكتب إلى صديقى مرة onceكل أسبوع .
6ـ يجب أن نذاكر بجد . 5ـ ذهبنا إلى السوق marketالجمعة الماضية .
8ـ نجيب محفوظ من one ofأعظم كتاب العالم . 7ـ سافر عمى إلى لندن Londonالصيف الماضى .
10ـ يذهب الطالب إلى المكتبة libraryللقراءة . 9ـ نصحنى الدكتور أن ال أغادر leaveالسرير لمدة أسبوع.
11ـ إن القراءة مفيدة usefulفهى تزيد increaseمعلوماتنا. information
13ـ يجب أن نطيع obeyوالدينا ونحترم respectمعلمينا 12ـ على كل shouldطالب studentأن يعمل بجد.
14ـ ذهبت إلى شاطئ beachالبحر وقضيت spentهناك أسبوعا.
16ـ هل أستطيع أن استخدم تيلفونك المحمول من فضلك. 15ـ أرسل لى صديق برقية a postcardفى عيد ميالدى.
18ـ إن مصر غنية rich inبشبابها. youth 17ـ أفضل القراءة على مشاهدة التيلفزيون .
20ـ مدرستى جديدة ونظيفة ومتطورة .developed 19ـ لقد فهمت understoodكل ما قاله.
22ـ الشباب Youthهم أمل hopeاألمة the nation 21ـ تهتم الدولة The stateبالتعليم education
23ـ يجب أن نزيد اإلنتاج increaseونرشد decrease
اإلستهالك . consumption
Derivatives
Adjective Noun Verb
اضافىadditional اضافة addition يجمع/ يضيفadd
يمكن تصديقهbelievable اعتقاد/تصديق belief يعتقد/ يصدقbelieve
حريصcareful عناية care .………
ُم كثف/ ُم ركزconcentrated تركيز concentration يركز عليconcentrate on
هضميdigestive هضم digestion يهضمdigest
موجودexisting وجود existence يحيا/ يوجدexist
يمكن تذكرهmemorable ذاكرة memory يتذكرmemorise
ُم نعزلseparate (d) انفصال separation يفصل/ يعزلseparate
ُم ندِهـــــــــشsurprised
ُم دهِــــــــــشsurprising دهشةsurprise ُيدهشsurprise
عديم الوزنweightless الوزنweight يزنweigh
Definitions
photographi
ذاكرة فوتغرافيةthe ability to remember something by looking at them
c memory
طلبة فصل دراسىa group of people who study together class
اليصدقdifficult or impossible to believe incredible
a special word you need before you can enter something or use a
السر كلمة password
computer
يكرر is to say something again repeat
قوي having a lot of physical power, strength or force powerful
ألــــم the feeling you have when part of you body hurts pain
خاليا the smallest parts of an animal or plant that can exist on their own cells
to examine or think about something carefully in order to
يحلل analyse
understand it
يتنفس to take air into your lungs and then let it out again breathe
- Consisting of many connected parts, especially in a way that
معقد complex
is difficult to understand or explain.
يكرر to say again. repeat
how hot or cold something is the temperature of body, used as a
درجة حرارة temperature
sign of whether you are ill
1- brain (n.) الُم خ - Can you change your brain? - No, I can't. It's impossible.
mind (n.) العقل - You should use your mind all time.
mind (v.) يمانع - Do you think she’d mind if we didn’t come?
2- quiet (adj) هادىء -This town is quiet.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 20
First Year Hello English First Term
quite (adv) تمامًا/ الى حد ما - She is quite tall for her age.
quit (v)ُيغادر َيْهُج ر/ َي سَت قيل - Amr quit his school at two o'clock.
- Ali quit his job to travel abroad. - He quit smoking three years ago.
4- watch يراقب- يشاهد - He watches TV a lot.
look at ينظر الى - She is looking at the picture.
5- remember يتذكرمن تلقاء نفسه
remember + (v. +ing) - I remember visiting him last year.
remember + to + inf. - I will remember to bring your books next time.
remember + somebody or something - He remembers telephone numbers easily.
remind + مفعول+ to + inf. ُيذكر شخص آخر- My mother reminded me to do my homework.
remind + مفعول+ of + (n.) or (v+ ing)
- My mother reminded me of doing my homework. - I’ll remind my father of his appointment.
remind + مفعول+ that + جملة
Sami reminded Ali that he should buy a birthday present for his mother.
6- memory ذاكرة ذكرى
I have a bad memory for names. - I have a lot of happy memories of that summer.
souvenir هدية تذكارية - I bought a lot of souvenirs from Khan el-Khalili.
7- experiment تجربة - They did experiment on rats to test the drug.
experience خبرة ُتكتسب عن طريق الممارسة - You have enough experience to get the job.
8- help + مفعول+ (to) inf. (to أو بـدونto ( المصدربـ - My father helped me (to) find a job.
help + مفعول+with+يساعد : اسم - He helped me with my homework.
9- make + صفة أو اسم أو مصدر الفعل+ مفعول - Her success made us happy.
He made us some coffee - The policeman made the tourist pay a fine.
10- successful (adj.) ناجح - He is a very successful scientist.
success (n.) نجاح - His success is due to hard work.
11- address عنوان مكان - I couldn’t visit him because I didn’t have his address.
title مقال,عنوان كتاب - What is the title of his latest novel?
12- breath نفس - He took a deep breath and dived into the water.
breathe يتنفس - All humans breathe oxygen.
breeze النسيم - They sat by the river to enjoy the evening breeze.
13- patient (adj.) صبور - He was always patient, even with the slowest students.
a patient (n.) مريض - Dr Ahmed examines his patients carefully.
14- spell – spelt – spelt يتهجى - How do you spell your surname?
spill – spilt – spilt يسكب – يصب - I spilt coffee on my shirt.
split – split – split يقسم – يفصل
The teacher spilt the class into four groups. - We decided to split the money between us.
spoil – spoilt – spoilt ُيفسد - The tall buildings have spoilt the view.
15- With + (n.) , you can + (inf.) = (n.) + enable + object + to + (inf.)
With the eyes, we can see. = The eyes enable us to see.
16- message رسالة شفهية أو مكتوية - If I'm not there when you phone, leave a message.
letter خطاب - I got a letter from the bank this morning.
17- It takes / took + مدة زمنية+ اسم أو ضمير مفعول+ to +مصدر
-He did his homewoprk in two hours. (It took……)
It took him two hours to do his homework.
help + مفعول+ (to) + يساعد: مصدر
- Rain helps plants (to) grow.
18- can يستطيع = am / is / are + able to + مصدر قادر على
= am / is / are + capable of +v. + ing : قادر على
- Our teacher can يستطيعsolve any difficult problem. (able / capable)
- Our teacher is able to قادر علىsolve any difficult problem.
- Our teacher is capable of قادر علىsolving any difficult problem.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 21
First Year Hello English First Term
2- What can you do with your brain?
- With it you can see and smell flowers, remember holidays, feel pain, hear your favourite singer’s
voice and think. It weighs a kilo.
3-How much does your brain weigh? - It weighs a kilo.
4-How many cells does the brain have? - It has about a hundred billion (100,000.000.000) cells.
5-What does the brain do after it receives information from the senses?
- It analyses it, then sends messages to the rest of the body.
6-What fives senses does the brain receive messages from?
- It receives messages from taste, smell, sight, hearing and touch.
7-How does the brain control senses? - It receives information from senses, analyses it, then
sends messages back to the rest of the body.
8-What happens when you put your hand in hot water?
- The brain receives a message saying the water is very hot and sends a message back saying,
"Take your hand out of the water."
9-Why is it difficult to taste different fruits if you hold your nose and close your eyes? (Prove
that our senses often work together.)
- When you are eating, the brain receives messages from the eyes, nose and mouth. If you hold
your nose and close your eyes, it doesn't get some messages.
10-How does the brain help us to learn and remember? - It acts as a store for past memories.
11-What are the functions of the brain?
- It stores past memories. It sends messages to the rest of your body. It controls your breathing,
your heart, your body temperature and your digestion.
12-What does the human brain store? - It stores past memories.
13-What does the brain control?
-It controls your breathing, your heart, your body temperature and your digestion.
14-Why do our brains first think that the telephone is ringing?
- Because our eyes can see the telephone and we can hear the ringing.
15-Why do our brains think that light comes downwards?
- Because the natural light from the sun always come from above.
It's important to guess
When you hear a sound, your brain tries to guess where it is coming from. So, if you hear a ringing
sound and see a telephone, your brain may guess that the telephone is ringing. But if someone picks
up the phone and the ringing sound continues, your brain will guess again. Maybe it's a mobile phone
or a film on TV.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 22
First Year Hello English First Term
6) What is one of the most common reasons for children living on the streets?
Poverty, war and natural disasters.
7) How can we tackle \solve the problem of street children?
We must find them places to live and work to do. We shouldn't ignore them.
Zero Conditional
If present simple , present simple = present simple If present simple
: تعبر هذه الحالة عن حقيقة ثابتة ال تتغير وال ترتبط بزمن معين مثل الحقائق العلمية و الحقائق االخري المسلم بها-
- If you heat ice, it melts. – Streets become wet if it rains.
- If water is frozen, it turns into ice. - If we mix red and green, we get orange.
: البد ان تكون الحقيقة عامة و ليست خاصة واذا كانت الحقيقة خاصة نستخدم الحالة االولي-
- If you heat the ice in this pan, it will melt. - Streets will become wet if it rains tonight.
) في الحالة الصفريةif( ) بدال منwhen( يمكن استخدام-
- When you heat ice, it melts. - Streets become wet when it rains.
First Conditional
If ………. present simple , will / may / can/ must / should+inf……
= will If
/ may / can/ must / should + inf………….…. present simple
تعبر الحالة االشرطية االولي امكانية لحدوث شىء في المستقبل تـتوفر شروط حدوثه-2
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 23
First Year Hello English First Term
يمكن ان تكون جملة جواب الشرط في صيغة االمر العطاء االمر المشروط-
- If Ali phones, tell him to meet me at the cinema.
- If you meet the big boss, ask him for higher salaries.
) في جملة جواب الشرط.it is + adj. + to + inf( الحظ انه يمكن استخدام-
- If I find a good flat, it is easy to get married. - It is difficult to breathe if you climb Mount Everest.
(If) بدائـــــــــــــل أداة الشـــــــــــــــــــــرط
: ) ) ويليها جملة مع مراعاة معني كل اداةIf يمكن استخدام الكلمات اآلتية بدال من: أوال-
- in the event (that) في حالة حدوث- provided (that) بشرط أن- in case تحسبا لــــــ- only if فقط لو
- provided) that ( بشرط أن- As long asطالما - Whether…….or not أو ال....... سواء.....
- I'll attend the party provided that he invites me.
- I'll lend you the money as long as you promise to pay it back soon.
: ) ) n. / v.ing ) ) ويليهاIf يمكن استخدام الكلمات اآلتية بدال من: ثانيا-
In case of في حالة+ noun/ v. ing……
- In case of getting his passport, he will travel abroad.
Unless = Except if = If not + جملة
- You will be late if you don't hurry. = You will be late unless you hurry.
= You will be late except if you hurry.
Without ( But for ) + noun/ v. ing………….
- Without (But for) hurrying, you will be late. - It is difficult to breathe if you climb Mount Everest.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 24
First Year Hello English First Term
In case of في حالة / + noun/ v. ing………….
- In case of getting his passport, he would travel abroad.
- She would pass the test in case of studying hard.
Unless = Except if = If not + جملة
- You would be late if you didn't hurry. = You would be late unless you hurried.
= You would be late except if you hurried.
يعد االيميل من الرسائل الغير رسمية فهو ال يحتاج الى مقدمات او جمل افتتاحية او ختامية وكل ما علينا هو كتابة اسم او ايميل الراسل فى
خانة (من) وكتابة اسم او ايميل المرسل اليه فى خانة (الى) ثم عنوان الرسالة فى خانة (الموضوع) ثم نبدأ االيميل بكلمة عزيزى او هاى ثم
.نبدا فى الكتابة فى الموضوع مباشرة
Example:
Write an e-mail to your friend Adel to tell him about your ideal person whom you admire most
in your life. Your e-mail is ahmedsami@yahoo.com and your friend's e-mail is gamal
Elameer@yahoo.com
To gamal Elameer@yahoo.com
From ahmedsami@yahoo.com
Subject The Ideal person whom I admire most
Hi Gamal,
How are you? I'm going to tell you about the ideal person whom I admire most in my life. She
is my mother. I love her very much. She always looks after me when I am ill. She also cooks
well. She is kind and helpful. She always smiles to us even though she is very tired. She is
doing her best to make us happy. Indeed, she is the person who deserves my love and respect.
What about you?
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 25
First Year Hello English First Term
a …………………….. ablility to remember something by looking at it
b …………………….. say again
c …………………….. a group of people who study together
d …………………….. difficult or impossible to be lieve
e …………………….. a special word that you need before you can enter something or
use a computer
Finish these sentences.
a If I want to remember a password, I …………………………………..
b People who have a photographic memory can ……………………..
c If you want someone to repeat something in English, you should say ………………………...
d My friend is very good at………………………………………………..
e It is incredible that………………………………………………….........
Complete the conversation.
any at quite terrible not
Jerry : What's your eyesight a)…………………………… ?
Mike : It's b)……………..good. I can't see long distances or
read without glasses.
Jerry : What are you good c)………………………..………….?
Mike d) I'm ………………… good at cooking .
Jerry Are you e)……………………….good at painting?
Mike No, I'm f)………………………………………………
Make a chain of first conditional sentences.
a you sleep well / not tired tomorrow If you sleep well , you won't be tired tomorrow
b not tired tomorrow / be able to concentrate better on your studies
………………………………………………………………………………….
c you concentrate on your studies / you do well at school
………………………………………………………………………………….
d do well at school / you pass your tests
………………………………………………………………………………….
e pass your tests / get a good job
………………………………………………………………………………….
2 Complete the sentences with zero or first conditional verbs.
Nahla So, when shall we go on holiday/ June or July?
Ali Well , if we a)…………… go (go) in June, the weather
b)…………… (be) warm but not too hot If the weather c)…………… (get) too hot, it d)
…………… (make) me t ired.
Nahla And if you e)…………… (feel tired, we f)…………… (not have) a good holiday.
Ali You're right, so let's go in June.
3 Write sentences in the second conditional.
a feel ill / go to see my doctor
b lose my mobile phone / borrow my brother's
c be hungry / eat a banana
d want to do maths homework quickly / use my calculator
e visit England / speak English every day
4 Read and match.
a If I lost my friend's CD, 1 I'll go shopping.
b If I have any free time next weekend, 2 I'd cook dinner for her.
c If it was my mother's birthday tomorrow, 3 I'd write to my pen friend.
d If I need to keep fit, 4 I 'd buy her a new one.
e If I didn't have any homework, 5 I go to the gym.
1 Read and match
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a The human brain is more complex than 1 are also controlled by our brains.
b The brain, which contains millions of cells, 2 from different senses at the same time.
c Our senses send information which the brain 3 our brains store past memories.
d Our brains often receive information 4 receives and analyses.
e We can learn and remember things because 5 controls everything humans do.
f Our breathing and digestion 6 the most powerful computer.
2 Complete the sentences with if or when. (Sometimes both words may be correct).
Add a comma where necessary.
a ………………..….. you put your hand in hot water, you feel pain.
b It would be very painful …………..…… you put your hand in that hot water.
c ………………..…. you eat something your brain receives messages from your mouth.
d …………………… you close your eyes and hold your nose you probably won't taste
what you are eating.
e ……………….…. you get this exercise right you have a good brain'
3 Complete the sentences with the correct words.
close guess look powerful received see send
a "……………… how many students there are in my class." " I don't know." "About 45?"
b I've just ………… an email from my friend in Japan. He's visiting us next year.
c That light is very bright If you …………… at it, you won't be able to …….…………. . for two
or three minutes.
d I've got a present for you, so …………………….. your eyes and hold out your hands.
e My first computer was very slow. The computer that I have now is faster and
much more ………………
f I'm going to …………………… my brother some photos by email.
Revision a
1 Finish the following dialogue: Mohsin and Hassan are talking about their memories.
Mohsin What's your memory like?
Hassan a)……………………..……………..……………………….. .
Mohsin b)……………………..……………..……………………….. ?
Hassan Yes, I can remember numbers easily.
Mohsin Can you remember people's names easily?
Hassan c)……………………..……………………………………….. .
Mohsin d)……………………..……………..……………………….. ?
Hassan No, I'm terrible at maths!
Mohsin Really? I'm not good either, but I like maths.
2 Write what you would say in each of the following situations:
a A friend tells you the name of a famous woman. You want to know about her job.
b Your teacher says something in English. You do not understand very well.
c Your mother tells you an interesting story. Express your opinion.
d Your little brother says that he is very tired. Advise him.
3 Choose the correct answer from a, b, cord:
1 My brother …………..…….a lot of money from his job as a pilot.
a going to earn b earns c earn d earning
2 I always…………….……. ill if I go on a boat.
a feel b will feel c would feel d feeling
3 If I ……………….….a camera. I would take a photo of the family party.
a had b have c have had d would have
4 If you………………….. very fast. you'll catch your train.
a ran b running c runs d run
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5 My brother ……………..…….. a goal in a school football match yesterday.
a played b scored c won d took
6 If I felt tired, I'd go to bed ………….…………
a early b today c later before
7 Someone who studies soil and rocks is called a/an……….…………..
a surgeon b astronaut c geologist d architect
8 Someone who writes for a newspaper is called a………….…………..
a journalist b champion c teacher d head mistress
9 Neil Armstrong ………………..….on the moon 1n 1969.
a walk b walks c walked d walking
10 While he ………………….as a journalist, Charles Dickens was writing magazine stories.
a works b working c is working d was working
11 Something hit the car window so it was ……….…………….
a brave b famous c edited d cracked
12 You can only use this computer if you know the …………………….
a password b cell c clarification d moral
4 Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets, to give the same
meaning.
a It's my habit to play tennis. (used)
b When did you travel to Alexandria? (ago)
c You should read this book. (If)
d Leen is always early. (comes)
5 Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:
1 lnjy is very hard-work and always does well in tests.
2 Mahmoud always understands the most complete maths problems.
3 Ms Jehan is the headmaster of our school.
4 I felt much better after I took the illness.
6 Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
The small red plane
One day last week, a small plane landed in a field near Tarek's house. Tarek phoned his
friend Gamal and told him what had happened. Gamal immediately went to Tarek's house
When he arrived, the boys went to the field to look at the plane.
Two men were climbing out of it One of the men asked the boys where they were, because
they had no idea where their plane had landed. Tarek and Gamal told them that they had
landed near AI -Minya. The two men asked the boys to telephone to get help.
After the boys had helped the men, Tarek took them back to his house. When they had told
Tarek's father what had happened, one of the men phoned the plane rescue company. After
a short time, a large lorry arrived, picked up the men and their plane and drove away.
Suddenly, the field looked very empty.
1 When did this story happen?
2 What does it refer to in this sentence: Two men were climbing out of it?
3 Why did the men from the plane ask the boys where they were 7
4 How do you think Tarek and Gamal felt at the end of this story? Why/
5 The boys went to the field
a as soon as Tarek saw the plane. b after Gamal arrived at Tarek 's.
c after the men climbed out of the plane. d before Tarek arrived .
6 Who did the boys tell about the plane?
a Tarek 's father b the police
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c the plane rescue company d another friend
7 Answer four only:
1 What is remote sensing!
2 What was the truth that Caleb Plummer hid from Bertha?
3 Why do you think we should be grateful to great scientists like Dr EI-Baz?
4 In your opinion, what do you learn from The Cricket on the Hearth?
5 Why do you think the human brain is more complex than the most powerful computer!
6 "Sometimes people are forced to tell lies ." Are you for or against this/ Say why
8 Answer the following questions:
a What was a workhouse?
b Why didn't the orphans who Mrs Mann looked after have very much to eat?
c Why did Oliver Twist ask for more soup I
d Why did Oliver go to live at Mr Sowerberry's house?
e How do you think Oliver felt when Noah Claypole was unkind to him?
10 a Translate into Arabic:
1 Dr Mostafa EI-Sayed's work is very useful in medicine.
2 At one o'clock yesterday, I was having my lunch.
b Translate into English:
كل المصريون فخورون بعلمائهم العظام في شتي المجاالت-
herme - him - emth - us - الضمير المضاف إلي فعل يترجم إلي ضمير مفعول-1
. إن تعلم اللغات األجنبية يمكننا من قراءة الصحف العالمية-
Learning foreign languages enable يمكنus to read the international newspapers.
جودتهاdeveop وتطويرsectors في كثير من القطاعاتproduction التكنولوجيا الحديثة من زيادة االنتاجenable لقد مكنتنا-
. أيضاquality
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
)my her - their -- his -our - its ) الضمير المضاف إلي اسم يترجم إلي صفة ملكية-10
يزور مصر كثير من السياح كل عام لمشاهدة أثارها القديمة-
Every year, a lot of tourists visit Egypt to watch its ancient monument.
. أشعر بالفخر بانتمائي لهذا الوطن الذي ُي كرم علمائه ورياضيه في شتي المجاالت-
I feel proud to be belonging to this country which honours its scientists and athletes in
different fields.
.good morals (ethics) ابناءنا علي االخالق الحميدةbring up ينبغي ان نربي-
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
.games االلعابdifferent في شتيchampionships ابطالها الرياضيينhonour مصر علي تكريمkeen on تحرص-
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
)ea mainrol ) إذا كان االسم مفرد (دور رئيسيan( ) أوa الصفة تأتي قبل االسم عكس اللغة العربية ويسبقها-11
an ambitious man رجل طموح a serious problem مشكلة خطيرة
. الرياضة الدولية تشجع السالم والتفاهم بين شعوب العالم ذات الثقافات المختلفة-
International sport encourages peace and understanding among the world peoples of
different cultures.
. أيضاmental performance االداء الذهنيimprove الرياضة مهمة لكل من للجسم والعقل فهي تحسن-
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
blood الــدورة الدمويــةactivate أنهــا تنشــطmorning exercise الرياضــة الصــباحيةbenefits فوائــدOne of من-
. heart beats ضربات القلبregulate وتنظمcirculation
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
مقارنةlow prices النخفاض أسعارهاimported goods بعض الناس علي شراء البضائع المستوردةprefer يقبل-
. local بالبضائع المحليةcompared to
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
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Test yourself
اإلنسانية. humanity العلماء جهودا كبيرة لخدمة serve -1يبذل exert
-2يزود العلماء المصريين في الخارج بلدهم باالكتشافات العلمية. scientific discoveries
-3شاهدت التليفزيون بعد أن انتهيت من عمل الواجب المنزلي.
-4لقد قمنا بتجربة علمية experimentفي المعمل laboratoryاألسبوع الماضي.
-5يساعد استخدام الطاقة الشمسية في القضاء على overcomeالتلوث. pollution
-6لقد عوقب الحراس guardsلعدم أمانتهم. dishonesty
-7إن أهم ما يميز markاإلنسان المتحضر civilized manهو التسامح. tolerance
-8يحاول المهندسون engineersإنتاج سيارة تسير run onبالطاقة الكهربية. electricity
في مصر. هام للتجارةtrade -9إن اإلسكندرية مركزcentre
-10تقام مشاريع projectsضخمة في مصر لرفاهية welfareالشعب.
في القرن الماضي. -11اعتقد إن التليفون كان أهم اختراعinvention
-12لقد شاهدنا ثورة revolutionطبية medicalفي أواخر lateالقرن centuryالماضي .
Definitions
ضخــــــــــــــم very big : huge massive
ضواحـــــــــــي parts of a town that are furthest from the city centre. outskirts
صدمــــــــــــة the feeling you have when you feel very surprised shock
فظيــــــــــــــع very bad : horrible terrible
مدني- حضـري related to a town or a city urban
ريفــــــــــــي of the country rural
قومــــــــــــــي related to a whole nation national
يخـــــــــــطط decide on and arrange in advance مقدما. plan (v.)
a written set of questions which you give to a large number of
استبيـــــــــان questionnaire
people in order to collect information
باحثــــــــــون people who are doing researches researchers
يحــــــــل to find or provide a way of dealing with a problem solve
يعتاد علي enjoy something new take to
1- Important idioms
1- has pros and cons = has good and bad things له مميزات و عيوب
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- Rural life has its pros and cons.
2- feel like a fish out of water = feel unhappy and lost يشعر بالحزن و الضياع
- When I travel abroad, I feel like a fish out of water.
3- feel at home = feel comfortable البيت بيتـــــــــــــــــك
- I feel at home at my friend’s house.
4- take to something = enjoy something new يتعود علــــــــــــــي
- I can’t stop reading before I sleep. I’ve really taken to it.
2- as…….…… صفـــــة.as = the same ….. ……اســــم. as
- Sara is as old as her brother = Sara is the same age as her brother
3- It (take) ….. sb……. …… فترة زمنية.to …مصدر
- It took him long to answer the question = The question took him long to answer
4- carry out / do a census يجري تعداد سكانـــــــــي
5- around : about : roughly : approximately تقريبا- حوالي
6- BCE : before common era = BC : Before Christ قبل الميالد
- In around 2500 BCE, The ancient Egyptian did a census.
AD : Anno Domini - This mosque was built in AD 350 بعد الميالد
available
6- etc. : et cetera. : and so on الي آخــــــــــره
7- road طريق بين مدينتين - A new road was constructed between Bnha and Tanta.
route خط سير - The shortest route from here to Cairo is via Banha
street شــــارع - I live at 15 Zahraa street
8- make friends with : befriend يصادق – يصاحــــــــــب
9- get better يتحسن - I hope you'll get better soon.
get worse يزداد سوءا - Due to smoking, his health is getting worse.
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. نحول الماضىالبسيط إلى مضارع تام منفىthe last time / last / when / ago بدال منsince / for عند استخدام
-I last ate fish when I was in Alex. (since) - I haven’t eaten fish since I was in Alex.
نستخدم التركيب التالىIt’s إذا كانت الجملة مضارع تام منفى و بدأنا بــ
It’s + مدة زمنية+ since + فاعل+ last + ماضى بسيط مثبت
-I haven’t seen him for ages. (It’s……) -It’s ages since I last saw him.
.began / started + to + inf نحول المضارع التام الىsince / for بدال منago عند استخدام
- It has rained for two hours. (ago) - It began to rain two hours ago.
نستخدم التركيب التالىIt’s إذا كانت الجملة مضارع تام منفى و بدأنا بــ-
It’s + فترة زمنية+ since + فاعل+ last + ماضى بسيط مثبت
- I haven’t seen him for ages. = - It’s ages since I last saw him.
(غالبا في اإلثبات و السؤالjust)- تستخدم
- What has he just said ?
- She
. نحول الماضى البسيط إلى مضارع تام مثبتa moment ago / a short time ago بدال منjust – إذا استخدمنا
- The train left a moment ago. = - The train has just left.
) بنفس الطريقة في السؤالrecently/lately( – تستخدم كل من11
- Has Barakat scored goals lately/recently?
) في اإلثباتrecently ( ) في النفي و السؤال وlately( يفضل استخدام-
- She has moved to a new house recently. - He hasn't phoned me lately.
) صعب ( أي انة لو كانت المدة ال يمكن تحويلها الي تاريخ) نستخدم التركيبة الطريقةsince( ) اليfor( اذا كان التحويل من-
التالية
It ( is – has been ) مدة زمنيةsince ماضي بسيط
- He hasn't travelled for ages. (since) - It is ages since he travelled.
He hasn’t studied for along time. ( since ) - It is along time since he studied.
كما يستخدم المضارع التام إذا وجدنا الجملة بمـا يلـي-
- It’s/This is the first (second…) time... - It’s the first time I have been to this place.
- It’s (This) is the only… - This is the only play I have seen.
- In the last few years/months……. - Egypt has changed a lot in the last few years.
- In recent years- It has not rained in the Western Desert in recent years.
- Over the ages / over the years….- The earth has become more crowded over the ages.
Usage:
. يستخدم المضارع التام المستمر لنقول أن شخصا مازال فى منتصف العمل أو أن الحدث لم ينتهى
- Ali’s clothes are covered in paint. He has been painting the ceiling.
.أما المضارع التام البسيط فيعبر عن حدث انتهى
- The ceiling was white. Now it’s blue. Ali has painted the ceiling.
. يعبر المضارع التام المستمر عن مدة حدوث الفعل
- Mounir has been reclaiming desert land and farming it for 8 years now.
- Abd-El Magid has been selling flowers since he was 21.
- I’ve been waiting here for half an hour.
)+ since / for / all يستخدم المضارع التام المستمر مع ( ظرف زمنى
- He has been working there since he passed his exams.
- He has been working there for a long time. - He has been playing football all day.
.still / now / yet و غالبا ما تكون هناك كلمة تؤكد على استمرارية الحدث مثل
- It has been rainingfor three hours now.
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- He has been painting his flat and he hasn’t finished yet.
- He has been painting his flat and he’s still painting it.
و أى كلمة تدل على الماضى نحذف كل ما يدل على.began / started + v. + ing / inf بدال منsince / for إذا استخدمنا
. و نستخدم المضارع التام المستمرbegan / started الماضى و
- She began learning English 5 years ago and she’s still learning it. (for)
She has been learning English for 5 years and she’s still learning it.
. ال تستخدم األفعال اآلتية فى األزمنة المستمرة عندما تعبر عن شعور
agree يوافق/ believe يعتقد/ feel يشعر/ hate يكره/ know يعرف/ like يحب/ love يحبmean يعنى/ prefer
/think يعتقد/ wish يتمنى/ understand يفهم
غير رسمى informal قطعـــــة ارض plot فقرة شعريـــــة verse : stanza
حرب war يحفـــــــــر dig بيت شعــر -آية verse
سالم peace خطيـــــــــر serious قصائـــــد poems
رد reply يتمنـــــــــى wish شاعـــــر poet
مؤدب polite طبـــــــــاخ cook الشعـــــر poetry
االدب politeness يتحدث الى speak to شمعـــــة candle
عدد من a number of قش – ِتْب ــــــن hay كنــــــز treasure
طلب request سخيــــــف silly غير ودود unfriendly
حكيم wise زهــــــور flowers ُيْط ِعـــــــم feed
وعد promise يبــــــدو seem تربة زراعية soil
حديثا recently صــــــف row ادوات tools
قرار decision طابــــــور queue يلعب ألعاب play games
خطة plan الصيــــــف summer طفـــــــــل child
َدْي ـــــــــن debt ثمــــــار fruits أطفـــــــــال children
اقتباس quotation َعَج َلــــــة wheel طفولـــــــــة childhood
البصر eyesight يضغط -يقرص pinch أعزل – عاري bare
يقدم خدمــــــة do a favour مضغوط pinching ديوان شعر book of poems
جامعــــــــــة university أصابع القدم toes َح َص ى gravel
يحرق -يحترق burn يحفظ keep حقيقــــــــــــــي factual
جزر carrots ممر path يضع ....في مكانه put ……away
مقعــــــــد seat خط – طريق line يقفـــــــــل lock
ذاكرة memory يثبــــــــــت prove عاقـــــــــل -حكيم sensible
جزء من part of دليل – برهان proof موقـــــــــف situation
خضروات vegetables اصابع اليد fingers يصــــــــــــف describe
مسرحية a play برد cold زبيــــــــــــب currant
يستفيد benefit قلب heart عنـــــــــــــب grapes
متحرك moving يؤذي hurt يقفز – يثب hop
يخفى hide ملوك kings سار – ممتع pleasant
يكرر repeat ملكة queen قافيـــــــــة rhyme
ينتج produce عربة يد barrow وزن ( شعر) rhythm
(براويطة)
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انتـــــــــــــــــاج production يستعير borrow مرجيحـــــــــة swing
كهرباء electricity يضع lay جناينـــــــــى gardener
توضيح clarification ربح profit ممطـــــــــر rainy
يرفض refuse َق
تبن – ــــــش hay مشمـــــــــس sunny
خارج outside رسمى formal جـــــــــــــاف dry
Expressions
pinching toes أصابع القدم تؤلم من شدة البرد gravelled paths ممرات مرصوفة بالحصي
Indian wars لعبة أطفال lay the barrow down يركن عربيته جانبا
keep the gravel walk يسير علي طريق مملوء بالحصي dig in the plot )يحفر في االرض ( الستخراج زرع مثال
make .. sb .. feel like يجعل شخص يشعر و كأنـــــــــــــه put his tools away يضع أدواته جانبا
go outside with bare feet يخرج حافي القدمين go up in a swing يصعد ألعلي في المرجيحة
There is a difference in هناك فارق في I feel like + v.ing = I'd like to + inf. أنا أرغب في
on the way home في الطريق الي المنزل winter comes يحل الشتـــــــــاء
have a headache يصاب بصداع summer goes ينقضي الصيــــــــف
Derivatives
Adjective Noun Verb
مسرور pleased سرور pleasure يسر – يسعد please
مربح profitable ربح – فائدة profit يربح – يكسب profit
مقفـــي rhymed قافيـــــة rhyme يقفــــــي rhyme
مطهو – مطبوخ cooked طباخ – طاهي cook يطبــــخ cook
مرصوف بالحصي gravelled حصـــــــــي gravel يرصف بالحصي gravel
مقفول- مغلق locked قفـــــــل lock يقفل lock
Definitions
شمعة something that we burn to get (produce) light candle
يثب- يقفز to move by jumping on one foot hop
ممتع something that is enjoyable, nice or good pleasant
بيت شعر lines that form one part of a poem verse
إيقاع- وزن شعري a repeated sound in music , poems, etc. rhythm
مرجيحـــــــة a moving seat that children play on swing
كنز gold, silver, money, etc. that someone has hidden treasure
عاري not covered by anything bare
يحفر move something in or under soil using a tool. dig
تبن dried grass that people use to feed animals hay
يقفل close something using a key lock
قطعة أرض small pieces of land for growing things on plot
يربح get something good or useful from a situation profit
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 40
First Year Hello English First Term
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 41
First Year Hello English First Term
help يساعد would rather ُيفضل had better ُيفضل
The teacher letmeleave early. Yesterday, I sawAli walk along the street.
) مفعول + to + ) أو ( المصدرv.ing( * األفعال اآلتية يأتي بعدها
recommend يوصى بـ advise ينصح encourage ُيشجع
permit يسمح allow يأذن/ يسمح
My teacher advises buying this book. = My teacher advises us to buy this book.
5- Verbs + (to + inf.) Or (v.+ing)
( بدون فرق فى المعنى أو وجود فرق بسيطto+ inf.)( أوv.+ing) أفعال يأتى بعدها أو
في المواقف المحددة.to + inf اذا كان الكالم بصفة عامة و يستخدمGerundُيستخدم
يبدأ start يكره hate يفضل prefer
يبدأ begin يكره dislike يحب like
يستمر continue ينوى intend يحب love
I like swimming. = (a general statement)
I like to swim. It’s fine now. = ( a particular occasion)
6- Verbs + (to + inf.) Or (v.+ing)
) مع وجود إختالف فى المعنىv.+ing( )أو.to+ inf( أفعال يأتى بعدها
) فتدل على ان الحدث لم يتم بعد.to +inf( )تدل على ان الحدث قد انتهى أما اذا جاء بعدهاGerund( هذه األفعال إذا جاء بعدها
remember + (to + inf.) يتذكر أن يفعل شيئًا ما ثم يفعله
remember + (v. + ing) يتذكر أنه قد فعل شيئًا ما فى الماضى
He remembered to see the man. = He remembered and then saw the man.
He remembered seeing the man. = He saw the man and later remembered.
stop + (to + inf.) )يتوقف لغرض (لكى يفعل شىء ما
stop + (v. + ing) يتوقف عن فعل شىء لفترة قصيرة أو بصفة دائمة
He stopped to listen to music. = He stopped what he was doing to listen to music.
He stopped listening to music. = He didn’t listen to music any more.
forget + (to + inf.) )ينسى أن يفعل شىء ما (أى لم يفعل الشىء
forget + (v. + ing) )ينسى أنه فعل شىء ما (أى أنه فعل الشىء
He forgot to lock the door. = He didn’t lock it.
He forgot locking the door. = He locked it but couldn’t remember.
try + (to + inf.) )ُيحاول (يبذل مجهود لكى يفعل شىء ما
try + (v. + ing) وسيرى ما سوف يحدث, ُي جرب شىء ما
Try to open the door. = See if you can open the door.
Try opening the door. = What happens if you open the door?
regret + (to + inf.) يأسف أنه مضطر أن يفعل شىء ما
regret + (v. + ing) يندم على شىء فعله فى الماضى
He regretted to tell you the bad news. = He was sorry that it was necessary to tell
you the bad news.
He regretted selling his car. = He was sorry that he had sold it.
)v.+ing( بعض التعبيرات التى ُتتبع بـ
What / How about ما رأيك فى؟ feel like يرغب فى
Would / Do you mind ما رأيك فى؟ it's no use / good ال فائدة من
look forward to يتطلع الى be afraid of خائف من
prefer … to … عن... يفضل... be busy مشغول
be used-accustomed to ُم عتاد على I can't help ليس بوسعى سوى
Thanks to بفضل I can't stand ال اتحمل
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 42
First Year Hello English First Term
In addition to باإلضافة الى have difficulty in لديه صعوبة فى
He is used to getting up early.
It's no use hurrying, we have already missed the bus.
).to + inf( بعض التعبيرات التى ُتتبع بـ
would like would love would prefer
would hate be allowed be ashamed
I'd like to read this story . He'd like to learn English.
You aren’t allowed to park here.
* It + be + adj. + to + inf.
It is difficult to find a job nowadays.It was hard for him to recognize the criminal.
:الحظ اإلختالف بين الُج مل اآلتية
He likes living in Cairo. (He lives in Cairo now.)
He'd like to live in Cairo. (He doesn’t live in Cairo now.)
: حرف الـ ( س ) وكلمة (سوف) تترجما فى اللغة اإلنجليزية الى زمن المستقبل البسيط-1
The government will build a lot of schools. ستبنى الحكومة مدارس كثيرة
: فعل ماضى وفى الجملة إشارة تدل على الماضى البسيط تترجم إلى ماضى بسيط+ لقد-2
He telephoned me yesterday. لقد اتصل بى أمس هاتفيًا
: فعل ماضى بدون أى إشارة تدل على الماضى تترجم لمضارع تام+ لقد-3
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 44
First Year Hello English First Term
لقد اهتمت الدولة بالتعليم.The state has taken great interest in education .
-لقد ساعد العلم اإلنسان manعلى أن يحيا leadحياة مريحة .comfortable
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
-لقد أصبح من الواضح clearإن اإلدمان addictionهو وباء plagueالعصر .age
-……………………………………………………………………………………………. .
-4قد +فعل مضارع فإن ذلك يدل على االحتمال و نستخدم : may
قد يشهد هذا العام تطورات هائلة نحو السالم.
This year may witness immense development towards peace.
-1أن الدكتور مجدي يعقوب من أشهر جراحي القلب heart surgeonفي العالم .
-2أصبح العالم اآلن يقدر estimateقيمة valueالعلماء المصريين .
-3من الضروري necassaryأن نتناول الخضراوات و الفواكه الطازجة. fresh
-4أظن أن تعلم اللغة اإلنجليزية والكمبيوتر موضوع حيوي vital subjectهذه األيام .
-5تستخدم المياه الجوفية underground waterفي ري irrigateالصحراء .
-6أن الصحارى مساحات واسعة vast areasمن األرضي الجافة. dry
-7اشتريت الكتاب بعشرة جنيهات. pounds
-8بدأت بعض الدول اإلفريقية Africanتهتم بتعليم اللغة العربية بمدارسها .
-9كم تبعد How farمحطة األتوبيس bus stopعن منزلك ؟
-10يجب علينا أن نجذب attractالسياح لزيارة بلدنا .
-11تساعد التكنولوجيا الحديثة modern technologyعلي تقدم progressاألمم. nations
-12هل سافرت إلي األقصر Luxorالشتاء الماضي مع أسرتك ؟
-13يجب أن تعمل بجد لكى تنجح و تكسب earnالمال الوفير. a lot of money
-14يجب أن ال نلوث polluteمياه النيل و أن نحافظ علي بيئتنا
environmentنظيفة .
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 47
First Year Hello English First Term
He suggested spending the evening in the club.
suggest that + فاعل+ should + مصدر يقترح
- Tom said, "Why don't you look for another job?" (Tom suggested that…)
Tom suggested that I shouldlook for another job.
1-What does a modern car have? - It has a computer, a satellite navigation system, and an airbag.
2-How is the computer in the modern car useful?
- It controls the engine and report any problems.
3-Why does the modern car have a satellite navigation system? - To show the quickest route, tell
about any traffic jams and help you to find where you are, using satellites.
4-What is the importance of the airbag?
- It inflates and stops you being injured in a crash.
5-What will happen if you sit in a traffic jam in Cairo?
- Your lungs will fill with the exhaust fumes from cars, buses and lorries.
6-Why is air pollution a big problem for people and the environment?
- Because air polluted by exhaust fumes can damage your health as well as the environment.
7-Where does the air pollution in big cities come from?
- Exhaust fumes from cars, buses and lorries.
8-How is natural gas used in some cities? - It is used to run buses.
9-Why are exhaust fumes so harmful?
- Because they can damage our health and pollute our environment.
10-How are scientists working on the problem of exhaust pollution?
- They have developed cars that burn petrol more efficiently than in the past. They have also
designed engines which use natural gas.
11-How are the engines in today's cars better than in the past?
- They burn petrol more efficiently.
12-How are cars that use engines and batteries better than early electric cars?
- When the battery is empty, the petrol engine takes over, and this recharges the battery. early
electric cars can run out of fuel when the battery was empty.
13-How do some cars use petrol and batteries together? - When the battery is empty, the engine
uses petrol. When the car uses petrol, this recharges the battery.
14-How will farmers be able to "grow fuel in their fields"?
- Scientists have discovered that cars can run on vegetable oil.
15-What may car batteries use in a few years' time? - They may use oxygen and hydrogen.
16-Why is it so important for us to find a replacement for petrol soon?
- Because there will be no oil in the future.
17-Mention some forms of natural energy?
- wind power, wave / water power, geothermal power, and solar power.
18-What other things could people use for fuel in the future?
- They could use alcohol, solar power and wind energy.
19-How does industry affect the environment? - Industry leads to pollution.
20-Do you think air pollution will get better or worse in the future? Why?
- I think it will get worse because the number of cars on roads is increasing everyday and there is no
vital replacement for oil.
- I think it will get better because scientists will develop cleaner cars that use cleaner forms of energy.
21-Do you think it is important to spend time trying to solve the problem of exhaust pollution?
- Yes, because exhaust pollution can damage our health and pollute our environment.
22-Who or what is to blame for pollution? - Car exhaust fumes from traffic, factories, etc.
23-What can we do about the problem of pollution?
- We can limit يحد منpeople's use of cars. - We can develop cleaner forms of energy.
- We can develop engines and factories which do not produce waste in such great quantities.
24-What do you think will happen when there is no oil?
- Scientists will look for other sources of energy.
25-Why do you think some countries are building new cities?
To move people away from other big cities which are crowded with people.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 48
First Year Hello English First Term
26-How are new cities different from old cities?
New cities will be new in every aspects, houses, schools, hospitals…etc. Even life will be new.
27-Would you like to live in a new city? Why \ Why not?
Yes, I’d like to live in a new city. There I can start a new life with new people.
No, I wouldn’t like to live in new cities as I can’t leave my old friends and the place where I was born.
28-Why are there many hungry people although there is enough food?
What are the causes of hunger?
Because of droughts, the high prices of food, wars and regional conflicts.
29-What do charities and scientists do to solve the problem of hunger?
Charities do everything they can to help and scientists are growing new crops using genetic
engineering to produce more food.
30-What do charities depend on? يعتمد علي They depend on donations التبرعات.
"To protect the environment, people should only drive their cars for four days a week."
Everybody agrees that cars and other vehicles are damaging our health and our world. This problem
is getting worse every year and we must do something to protect the environment. Different countries
have different .vays of stopping this damage. In some places, for example, the price of petrol is very
high. In other places, people have to pay to drive on some roads or in some cities. Now a speaker is
suggesting that people should only be able to use their cars for four days a week instead of seven. In
this composition, I am going to discuss some of the ideas for and against this suggestion.
Fotms of Future
1- Uses of Willالتعبيرعن الحقائق المستقبلية –
-She'll be sixteen tomorrow. – My mum will be very old in twenty years.
التنبؤ بما قد يحدث مستقبال في حالة عدم وجود دليل غالبا مع- 2
I expect …/I'm sure …/ I think…/I believe.. / Perhaps/I wonder… / probably / I suppose…..
- I expect she will get married soon. - She'll probably leave early today.
- We don't think they will help us. - I wonder when you will buy the computer.
3 - اتخاذ قرارسريع بعمل شيء ما
- The doorbell is ringing. I’ll open it. – We are very thirsty. We will stop for a drink.
4- عند عرض عمل شيء او تقديم خدمة ما
- I'll wash the dishes. – I'll fix the car for you.
5 - عندما نطلب من شخص عمل شيء
- Will you help me carry this bag, please? - I hope you will look after the baby.
6 - الترتيب لعمل شيء وقت الحديث دون تخطيط مسبق
-This matter is very urgent. I and you will meet this evening.
7 - عمل الوعود والتهديدات
- I'll buy you a computer when you pass the final exam.
- You won't get your prize if you come late.
To sum up : We use " will " for decisions taken now
Uses of Shall:
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 49
First Year Hello English First Term
) في تكوين االقتراحshall 1- (تستخدم
- Shall we meet you at the corner?
( في تقديم عرضshall ) – 2يمكن استخدام
- Shall I help you with the cooking? - Shall we clean the kitchen for you?
2- Be + going to + inf.
- تستخدم هذه الصيغة للتعبير عن نية أو عمل مخطط له قبل لحظة الحديث ويدل علي ذلك كلمات مثل
Intend / intention / plan / have … in mind / be about to + inf
- Omer intends to build a new house. He is going to look for a good place.
- A: What are your plans for the next weekend? - B: I’m going to play computer games.
: التنبؤ بما قد يحدث مستقبال في حالة وجود دليل غالبا مع-
I expect ../I'm sure ../I feel sure ../ I think…/I don't think. /I believe.. / I wonder…
- I think it’s going to rain because the sky seems very cloudy.
- و تستخدم ايضا للتعبير عما سيحدث في المستقبل اذا كان هناك قرار مسبق ويدل علي ذلك كلمات مثل
decided / have decided / made a decision / made up … mind
- They are going to go shopping. They have decided.
- و تستخدم ايضا للتعبير عن أشياء علي وشك الحدوث:
- Watch out! You are going to fall.
- كما يستخدم الماضي من هذه الصيغة للتعبير عن نية كانت موجودة لعمل شيء لـم يحدث في الماضي
- I was going to take the six o'clock train, but I got up late.
: تساوي الصيغ التالية في بعض و ليس كل االحوالgoing to الحظ-
- We are going to play tennis. = We intend to play tennis.
= we have the intention to play tennis.
- Be careful! You are going to fall. - - Be careful! You are about to fall.
To sum up : We use " going to " for decisions taken before
3- The present Continuous for Future Arrangements
و يدل علي ذلك كلمات مثل، يستخدام المضارع المستمر للتعبير عن المستقبل في حالة وجود ترتيبات مسبقة-1
arranged / have arranged / made arrangements / prepared / have prepared /
- He has arranged everything. He’s spending his holiday in Paris.
- I have booked two tickets. I’m traveling to Spain with my sister tomorrow.
الحظ أن المستقبل في هذه الحالة ليس فقط مستقبل قريب ولكن من الممكن أن نقول-
- He's coming back in ten years. - We're going back to the states in three years.
لذا يستخدم معها المضارع المستمر، الحظ أن المناسبات االجتماعية من حفالت وأعياد ميالد وغيرها تستلزم ترتيبات-
- He's getting married next Friday. - We're going back to the states in three years.
لذا يستخدم معها المضارع المستمر، الحظ كذلك أن األنشطة التي تقوم بها المؤسسات تستلزم ترتيبات-
- Our school is taking part in the sports competition next year.
- This company is sending a delegation to the conference next week.
The present Simple for the Future -4
بوسائل المواصالت و المسرح و السينما و: يستخدم المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن المستقبل (بجداول المواعيد الثابتة-
Your train leaves at 6 am - الخ...... المدرسة
.tomorrow
- The night programme of Renaissance cinema starts at12am.
كما يستخدم المضارع البسيط للتعبير عن المستقبل بعد ادوات الربط الزمنية و ادوات الشرط و بعض الروابط االخري-
- When I get up, I’ll phone you. - If I meet Ali, I will invite him to my birthday party.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 52
First Year Hello English First Term
6 Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
People have told poems for thousands of years. The first poets probably told or sang poems
to people at special events. Some of the poems were very long and they told a story about
history. Perhaps the oldest poem is the Epic of Gilgamesh, about a king in Iraq. It is very long
and is about 4,000 years old.
Arabic poetry was the first to use rhyme: people began to write rhymes in English poems in
about the twelfth century. Poets have written hundreds of kinds of poem since then. Some
continue to tell stories, others have silly rhymes to make people laugh, and some do not
rhyme at all. Most poems, however, make people think and sometimes see the world in a
different way.
1 Why do you think that people did not write the first poems in books7
2 How old is the world's oldest poem?
3 What is it about!
4 Why do some poets write silly rhymes?
5 …………… first used rhyme in poetry.
a The Arabs b The Ancient Egyptians
c Gilgamesh d The English
6 What do most poems do?
a make people laugh b rhyme
c tell stories d make people think
Answer only four of the following questions:
1 What is a census?
2 How does the information from the census help the government?
3 Which do you prefer to read, poems or stories? Say why
4 In your opinion, what might be expected replacements for oil in the future?
5 How do you think farmers wil l be able to "grow fuel" in their fields?
6 In what way can a census solve society's problems?
8 Answer the following questions:
'He saw a sign which said "London, 70 miles." He did not know how long this would
take to walk, but he decided that London would be a good place for him to go. Even Mr
Bumble would not be able to find him in that great city he had heard of where there
would be so many opportunities for him.'
a What is Oliver Twist running away from? b Why does Oliver decide to go to London?
c Who does Oliver meet on the journey to London?
9 Write an email of about NINETY (90) words to a friend about a place that you know in
the city or the countryside:
10 a Translate into Arabic:
1 We should protect the environment so we can live in a clean world.
2 Fareeda stopped to talk to her friend on her way home.
b Translate into English:
. لم استمتع بقراءة قصة مثيرة كهذه من قبل-
:future simple فعل مضارع يقابله فى اإلنجليزية مستقبل بسيط منفى+ لن-1
I won’t do that again. لن أفعل ذلك مرة أخرى.
Past simple فعل مضارع يقابله فى اإلنجليزية ماضى بسيط+ لم-2
.Ahmed did not attend my birthday party.لم يحضر أحمد حفل عيد ميالدى
فعل مضارع يقابله فى اإلنجليزية ماضى مستمر+ كان-3
.كان والدى يقرأ الصحيفة عندما دق جرس الباب
Dad was reading the paper when the doorbell rang.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 53
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-4كان +قد +فعل ماضى يقابله فى اإلنجليزية الماضي التام
عندما وصلت إلى السينما كان الفيلم قد بدأ.
When I arrived at the cinema the film had started.
-5تستخدم (’)s :للملكية عندما يكون المالك عاقل وتستخدم ( )ofإذا كان المضاف إليه غيرعاقل.
)منزل والدي( My father’s house. My parents’ house. )منزل والداي(
معدل المواليد ) birth rate = the rate of birthوزارة التعليم( The ministry of education.
تلوث البيئةpollution of environment = environment pollution
Test yourself
-1استأذنك ,Excuse meهل لديك مانع في التحدث بصوت مرتفع قليال. a little loudly
- 3ال تنسي أن تغسل يديك قبل األكل. -2هل يمكنك أن تخبرني ماذا يجب أن أفعل اآلن .
-4يحمل شهادة certificateفي الهندسة engineeringوعلوم sciencesالكمبيوتر .
-5أحب قراءة القصص التي تعلمنا السلوك الحميد. good behaviour
-6تنظم المدارس مسابقات competitionمختلفة وتمنح الفائزين winnersجوائز prizesقيمة.
-7األمانة Honestyكنز treasureال يفنيendless .
-8السباحة واحدة من هواياتي hobbiesالمفضلة.
- 9ال أحب هؤالء األشخاص الذين ال يتسامحون tolerantواألنانيين. selfish
-10استمتعنا enjoyبالهواء المنعش freshعلي شاطئ beachالبحر الصيف الماضي .
-12يجب أن ال تأكل الطعام ذا الرائحة الرديئة. bad smell
-13أن دراسة studyingعلوم الكمبيوتر ضرورة a mustفي القرن الحادي و العشرين .
-14تشيد constructمصر اآلن منطقة حرة free zoneلتكون مركز اقتصاديا عالميا .
-15حافظ علي نظافة مدينتك وال تلق throwبالقمامة في الطرقات
1- It is + adj. + for + object + to + inf. It's possible for humans to catch bird flu.
2- die of / from يموت بسبب = to stop living
He was about to die of bird flu.
die away يختفي تدريجيا/ يزول If something, especially a sound, dies away, it gradually
becomes reduced until it stops existing or disappears
The sound of his footsteps gradually died away.
die out ينقرضto disappear completely or no longer exist
Dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.
3- strong :having the power to move heavy weights or perform other physically demanding tasks
It tookfour strong mento lift the piano.
Powerful : having a lot of power to control and influence people and events
The President is more powerful than the Prime Minister.
4- recover from ُيشفى من مرضMy uncle is recovering from heart operation. - recovery شفاء
5- infected ملوث – ُم صاب After the operation the wound became infected.
Infectious ُم عدى Malaria is an infectious disease.
6- good at نافع لـ/ مفيد لـ He is good at maths.
good to ماهر فى You should good to other people.
7- lie – lied – lied يكذب I would never lie to you.
lie – lay – lain يستلقى – يرقد We lay on the beach all morning.
lay – laid – laid يضع – تبيض He laid his hand on his shoulder.A hen lays an egg a day.
8- get + شخص+ to + يقنع: مصدر - I got him to join the school team.
9- By + فترة زمنية+ past perfect ماضى تام: - By last Friday he had spent all his money.
10- make + يجعل: مصدر+ مفعول - The teacher made us do the homework again.
11- promise + to + يعد:مصدر - My father promised to buy me a mobile.
12- فاعل+ can مصدر+ يستطيع: It's possible for + ضمير/ اسم+ to + مصدر
- It's possible for you to buy a ticket in advance. = You can buy a ticket in advance.
13- Meanings of the verb "Catch"
1- catch يمسك The cat caught the fish with its mouth.
catch يصطاد حيوان Cats like to catch mice.The police caught the thief.
catch يلحق بـ We have to get up early to catch the first bus.
catch يصاب بـ It's easy to catch Bird Flu if you are not careful.
catch يشبك في-يعلق بـ I caught my new T-shirt in a nail.
catch يجذب A: I'd like another drink. B: Try to catch the waiter's eyes.
catch يلتقط النار The wood caught fire.
catch يسمع و يفهم A: I didn't catch what you said. B: Could you say it again, please?
14- plateطبق يقدم فيه الطعام Our new plates are made of silver.
dish طبق من الطعام.… أكله Grilled meat is his favourite dish.
Mahshi is a special dish that we put in a wooden plate.
15- include يتضمن جزء أو أكثر من األجزاء المكونات و ليس كل المكونات
.The pair of glasses contains two lenses
comprise- consist of يتكون من كل المكونات األساسيه
The United Kingdom consists of/ is composed/ comprises England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern
.Ireland
16- weather حاله الجو من مطر و رياح و ثلوج في فتره معينه الطقس
What will the weather be like tomorrow?What was the weather yesterday?
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What is the weather today?
climate المناخ حاله الطقس في مكان محدد
The climate of Egypt is fine all the year round.
atmosphere الغالف الجوي ما يحيط األرض أو المكان
Ever since their quarrel, there has been an unpleasant atmosphere in the room.
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13- Do you think everyone should stop smoking cigarettes? Why? Why not? - Yes, because
smoking is very harmful and can lead to death. People should enjoy a healthier life instead.
14- What would you say to a friend who started to smoke?
- I should tell him about the harms of smoking and that he should stop it before it is too late.
3
) ال يوجد مفعول مطلق فى اللغة اإلنجليزية ( بدال من ذلك نستخدم الفعل يليه الحال-1
.Egypt is greatly interested in education .تهتم مصر بالتعليم أهتمامًا كبيرًا
.Smoking affects health badly .يؤثر التدخين علي الصحة تأثيرًا خطيرًا
:) قد يختلف حرف الجر فى اللغتين (حرف الجر يترجم مع ما سبقه-2
contribute to يسهم فى fond of مغرم بــ
believe in يؤمن بــ object to يعترض على
prefer .... to ... يفضل على pleased with مسرور من
) بعض األفعال فى اللغة اإلنجليزية ال يأخذ حرف جر (بينما تأخذ فى اللغة العربية-3
admire يعجب بـ celebrate يحتفل بـ
contain يحتوي علي affect يؤثر على
enjoy يتمتع بـ feel يشعر بـ
overcome يتغلب على fear يخاف من
:) يجب مراعاة زمن الجملة وصيغتها (مبنى للمجهول أم مبنى للمعلوم-4
Tourism is considered an important source تعتبر السياحة مصدرًا هاما
We consider tourism an important source نحن نعتبر السياحة مصدرًا هامًا
: أما ما زاد عن ذلك فيكتب ارقاما، تكتب هجائيًا دائما9 إلي1 من: ترجمة االرقام-5
. شخصا أخرين112 لقي تسعة أشخاص مصرعهم واصيب
Nine people were killed and 112 were injured.
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مع مالحظة انه عندما تبدأ الحملة االنجليزية بذكر العدد فانه يكتب هجائيا دائما ايا كانت قيمته
Seventy-six people were arrested. شخص76 تم القبض على.
. إذا كانت الجملة اإلنجليزية في المبنى للمجهول يفضل ترجمتها للعربية فى المبنى للمعلوم-6
The operation was performed by a well-known surgeon.
. تم اجراء العملية الجراحية بواسطة جراح مشهور/ .قام جراح مشهور بإجراء العملية الجراحية
Test yourself
Translate into Arabic:
1- It would be quite كبيرwrong to believe liars كذابين.
2- Do not eat tinned ُم علبfood if the tin علبةlooks swollen.
3- It took him a very long time to learn French.
4- You should always boil تغلىtap water مياه الحنفيةbefore you drink it.
5- The children get a lot of pleasure مرحout of بسببcomputer games.
6- The average متوسطlife expectancy متوقعused to be about60 حوالىyears old.
7- Man is free ُح رby nature بطبيعته, and freedom الحريةis his first and dearest أغلىthing. It gives
him the right to think, as he likes.
8- A good citizen مواطنis the one who does his best to achieve يحققprogress and prosperity
الرخاءto his country.
9- In the past Sinai was only a dry desert صحراء جافة. Now it has become one of the most
attractive جذابةplaces in the world.
10- The family was poor and wore يرتدونold clothes and they did not have much to eat even their
cat was thin.
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الحقيقــــــــةtruth مذنبguilty ُيــــــــدركrealise
Expressions
من الواضح له It's obvious to him + جملة حول/يتجول فى wander around
... يعرف كيف know how to + inf. غضبان من شخص angry with
ُي غادر الى leave for ان... يطلب من ask …. to + inf. ...
يعيش على مال من live on money from يرجع/ يعود come back
يرتكب خطًأ/ ُي خطىء make a mistake مسابقة معلومات/يؤدى اختبار قصير do quiz
يكون ثروة make money يكتشف find out
يسجن شخص ما put someone into prison ُيعطى ُم لكه لـ give his country to
ُيشير الى refer to يدخل go into
يقول الصدق tell the truth يذهب فى أجازة go on holiday
Derivatives
Adjective Noun Verb
فن/ عمل فني art
فنىartistic فنان artist ................
فعال/ ُم ؤثرeffective تأثير affect يؤثرeffect
إدارة أموال/تمويل finance
مادى/ مالىfinancial ممول financier ُيمولfinance
العالم/ األرض globe
عالمىglobal العولمة globalization ................
ُم صابinjured إصابة injury ُيصيبinjure
ُم تزوجmarried زواج marriage يتزوجmarry
Definitions
ممثلsomeone who performs in a play or film actor
كفيل- راعيsomeone who supports or gives money to an organization, artist, patron
musical performer, etc.
يمثل- يؤدي to do something to entertain people, especially in public perform
المسرح a building with a stage where plays are performed theater
مالــــــــــــــــي
relating to money or how money is managed financial
واضــــــــــــــحclear; easy to see, recognize or understand obvious
يهيم- يتجول to walk around slowly in a relaxed way or without any clear purpose or wander
direction (aimlessly)
يهزمwin a fight against someone beat
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arrive in: ) مدينة كبيرة/ عاصمة/ يصل إلى (دولة - The plane arrived in Cairo on time.
reach: get to)يصل إلى (يليه مفعول به - I won'treach the office till noon today.
7- capture يأسر - Two of the soldiers were killed and the rest were captured.
Arrest يقبضر على - He was arrested when customs officers found drugs in his bag.
8- Patron راعى - Coca Cola is a well-known patron of several matches.
Breadwinner عائل األسرة - Men are often expected to be the breadwinner in a family.
9- quiz مسابقة - There is a very interesting quiz show on TV.
exam امتحان - How many pupils are taking the geography exam this term?
10- retire يتقاعد - People usually retire at the age of 60.
give up يستسلم- You'll never guess the answer - do you give up?
11- angry with يغضب من شخص- King Lear was angry with his daughter Cordelia.
angry about يغضب من شىء- The boy was angry about the way his father treats him with.
12- Verbs and nouns that go together
make do
make a decision يتخذ قرار do damage يحدث ضرر أو تلف
make a mistake يرتكب خطأ do homework يعمل الواجب
make money يكسب ماال do a job يؤدى عمال
make a noise يحدث ضوضاء do a quiz يعمل مسابقة
make a suggestion يقدم اقتراح do a sport يمارس رياضة
make an effort يبذل جهدا do an exam يؤدى امتحان
make the beds يرتب الفراش do enough revision يعمل مراجعة كافية
13- so + صفة = very + صفة جدا
- Mark is veryclever. (so) = Mark is so clever.
فعل+ فاعل+ so + صفة+ that + جدا لدرجة أن:جملة
- He is very strong. He can carry the heavy box. (so ……. that)
He is so strong that he can carry the heavy box.
such + a / an + صفة: a very + اسمجدا+ صفة
- It was a very wonderfulview. (such)
It was such a wonderful view.
فعل+ فاعل+ such a / an + اسم+ صفة+ that + جدا لدرجة أن:جملة
- It was a very easy exam. We answered all questions. (such…. that)
- It was such an easy exam that we answered all questions.
14- جملة+ so that فاعل+ حتى+ will / can / may + ) …… (فى حالة المضارع+ مصدر
جملة+ so that فاعل+ حتى+ would / could / might + ) ……(فى حالة الماضى+ مصدر
جملة+ in order to / so as to / to مصدر+ لكى+ ……
- He studies hard. He wants to get high marks. (so that / so as to)
He studies hard so that he can get high marks.
He studies hard so as to get high marks.
- He studied hard. He wanted to get high marks. (so that / in order to)
He studied hard so that he could get high marks.
He studied hard so as to get high marks.
15- by + وسيلة مواصالت: (by train / by car / by taxi / by plane / by boat)
on + وسيلة مواصالت+ ضمير/ أداة: (on a train / on the plane / on my bicycle / on the boat)
in + ضمير/ أداة+ car / taxi: (in a car / in a taxi / in my car)
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- He part-owned The Globe Theatre, and made a lot of money from it.
6-What did Shakespeare buy in Stratford? - He bought a large house.
7-What was unusual about the date on which Shakespeare was born and died?
- It was the same date, April 23rd.
8-What did King Lear decide to do when he was old?
- He decided to give his country to his three daughters, Goneril, Regan and Cordelia.
9-What did Shakespeare want to know before he gave his money and land to his daughters?
- He wanted to know how much they loved him.
10- What did Goneril and Regan tell Lear? - They told him they loved him so much.
11- Why do you think King Lear believed Goneril and Regan?
- Because they told him what he wanted to hear.
12- Why was King Lear angry with his daughter Cordelia?
- Because she couldn't say how much she loved him.
- Because she didn't know how to describe her love to him.
13- What did King Lear do to his daughter, Cordelia? Why? - He didn't give her any of his
money and land and sent her away to France because she didn't tell him how much she loved him.
14- Why didn't Lear give any of his money and land to Cordelia?
- Because she didn't tell him how much she loved him.
15- What was the turning point in King Lear? - Lear found out he had made a terrible mistake.
16- When did Lear discover that he had made a terrible mistake?
- Soon after he had given his two daughters his money and his land
17- How do you think Lear discovered he had made a terrible mistake?
- He saw that Goneril and Regan didn't really love him.
18- What did King Lear find out about Goneril and Regan? - He found out that they loved him
only so that they could have his money and his country and they did not love him at all.
19- Why do you think Lear wanders around the country?
- He probably doesn't want to live with the two dishonest daughters.
20- Why did Cordelia come back to England with French soldiers?
- She wanted to try to help her father and save him.
21- How did Cordelia try to help her father? - She came back to England with French soldiers to
try to save him and to take his country back from her two sisters.
22- Who puts Cordelia and Lear in prison? Why?
- The English soldiers who are working for Goneril and Regan because Cordelia and Lear were
trying to take the power from them.
23- When did Cordelia tell her father how much she loved him?
- When they were captured and put into prison.
24- How do you think Cordelia feels when she hears what has happened to her father?
- She feels sad and sorry because she loves him.
25- "Cordelia should have left her father and not tried to save him." Do you agree? Why? Why
not? - No, because she must be kind to her father no matter what he does to her.
26- How do you think Lear feels when Cordelia tries to help him?
- He probably feels regretful and ashamed.
27- What does Lear realize in the end?
- He realizes that Cordelia really loves him more than his other two daughters.
28- How do you think Lear feels when he finds out how much Cordelia loves him?
- He feels ashamed, sorry, foolish and guilty.
29- What did Lear learn from his mistake?
- He learns that people can have feelings without talking about them.
30- What is the moral of King Lear story? - People can have feelings without talking about them.
12-
13-
14-
15-
16-
17-
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1- We can use seem + infinitive to say that we t hink something is true:
.seem to + Inf للتعبير عن الراى او عما نعتقدة يمكن استخدام
Markus Rehm seems to be a better long-jumper = I think Markus Rehm is a better long-jumper
Examples:
- I think that the horse is hungry. = The horse seems to be hungry.
- Look out of the window. I think it's raining. = It seems to be raining.
- I think you're unhappy today. = You seem to be unhappy today
- They all look happy. I think your team are winning.= Your team seem to be winning
- Ali doesn't like shopping. I don't think he ever wants to buy anything .
= Al i never seems to want to but anything.
2- instructor معلم : someone who teaches swimming / diving.
- tutor مدرس خصوصي: someone who teaches privately
- professor أستاذ جامعي : someone who teaches at university.
3- subject مادة دراسية - Maths is my favourite subject.
- course دورة دراسية - Ali is doing a computer course for beginners.
4- To compliment someone يمتدح – يثني علي
- something that you say or do to show that you admire them
( doing a good job / showing a skill )
- To congratulate يهنىء على شىء حدث
- tell someone that you are happy because something good has happened to them
( passing a test / having a new baby / buying something new / getting married )
5- life الحياة عموما - Life is full of troubles.
- the life of حياة شخص معين - The life of my uncle is full of troubles.
- a life نوع الحياة - She leads a happy life.
6- It is + صفة+ for + فاعل+ to + مصدر - It is difficult for me to win the game.
7- aged 87 = at the age of 87 - She died, aged 87 in 1968.
- She died at the age of 87 in 1968.
8- rural ريفى - She was born in a rural area of the USA.
- Urban مدنى -They prefer urban life to rural.
9- illness تعب او مرض - She suffered from illness most of her life.
- disease اسم او نوع المرض - Cancer is a serious disease.
10- Learn to / how to + مصدر - Helen learnt how to read using Braille.
- teach … sb. … to / how to + مصدر - She taught her (how) to read and write
11- فاعل+ is / was the first to + مصدر - She was the first person to reach the top.
1- Which sport was Mahmoud Mohamed Youssef very good at? He was very good at Kung fu.
2- Why does he have to use a wheelchair?
- He broke his back after a bus’s accident. He could not walk again.
3- Why didn’t Mahmoud teach tennis before his accident?
- Because he was good at doing Kung fu.
4- What happened to the bus M. M. Youssef was travelling on?
- It fell off 6th October Bridge and crashed to the ground.
5- What did the doctors tell M. M. Youssef at the hospital?
- They told him that he would never walk again.
6- How did he try to get better?
- He decided to practice another sport using his hands instead of his legs.
7- Why is tennis a good sport for people like Mahmoud?
- Because players use their hands not their legs at this sport.
8- What does Mahmoud’s story teach us?
- It teaches us that: - Nothing is impossible and there is no ends.
- Don’t ever say that your life has no meaning. - Whatever the difficulty we have to face it.
- How we could challenge our difficulty \ disability.
9- What problems do blind people have? - They cannot see.
10- What problems do deaf people have? - They cannot hear.
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11- How hard would it be to be blind and deaf? - Life would be impossible. It would be very
difficult to communicate with and understand the others around us.
12- How old was Helen when she died? - She was 87.
13- What made Helen blind and deaf? - Because of an illness she had when she was a baby.
14- Who was Anne Sullivane? - She was a nurse and Helen’s tutor.
15- Why do you think Anne was very patient with Helen?
- Because Helen herself could not see well which made her feel Helen’s suffering.
16- How did Anne teach Helen to communicate?
- Anne used touch to teach her communicate with her hands.
17- What two important things did Helen achieve at university? - She became the first blind,
deaf person to graduate. - She wrote her first book, The Story of My Life, there.
18- How did Helen help other people who were blind?
- She worked for the American Foundation for the Blind, an organization which helps the blind all
over the world. She also travelled 35 countries.
19- Are you surprised that Helen Killer achieved so much in her life? Why\ Why not?
- Yes because Helen was blind and deaf.
20- In what ways do you think Helen inspired people?
- She taught them that nothing is impossible and how to challenge their difficulty / disability.
21- How do you think we can help people like Helen Killer and Mahmoud Youssef?
- We should encourage them and integrate them with us in life.
22- How can technology help people who have a lost leg or are blind or deaf?
- By inventing devices that could help them overcome their difficulty.
23- How do you think technology will improve for these people in the future?
- It will help them live a better life by providing them with substitutive devices.
24- Do you admire Helen Killer’s character? Say why or why not.
- Sure I admire her very much. Although she was blind and deaf, she graduated from the university
and could write many books. She taught me that nothing is impossible.
25- What lesson do you learn from reading about Helen Killer?
- I learn from reading about Helen Killer that nothing is impossible and life has no ends.
Another incredible person
In 2016, Markus Rehm jumped 8.40 metres at an athletics long-jump competition in Doha,
Qatar. In 2012, Greg Rutherford won a gold medal for jumping 8.31 metres at the 2012 London
Olympics. Markus Rehm seems to be a better long-jumper. Amazingly, he only has one leg.
Some people say that his other leg, which is made from a type of metal, helps Markus to jump
further. They say that he should not be able to jump with athletes like Greg Rutherford
because of this. Markus, however, wants to be able to win his own Olympic gold medal.
Revision C
1- How can pollution damage our health and our environment?
To move people away from other big cities which are crowded with people.
2- What are scientists doing to help the problem of car pollution?
New cities will be new in every aspects, houses, schools, hospitals…etc. Even life will be new.
3- What can you do to help the environment?
Yes, I’d like to live in a new city. There I can start a new life with new people.
4- Why is Mexico city one of the most polluted cities in the world?
Because there mountains all round the city and there isn't much wind.
5- Why have the Mexicans planted trees along the roads?
To produce pollution as trees produce Oxygen and help to keep the air clean.
6- Why are the new traffic rules in Mexico not successful?
Because poor people did not go to work on days when they could not drive their cars and rich
people bought another car with a different colour.
7- How can we reduce the number of cars in big cities?
By using Public transport and making drivers pay to drive into the city centre.
8- What is prejudice?
It is judging people before we have enough information to judge them correctly.
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9- How can we judge people?
We should never judge people by their appearances but by their behaviours and actions. We
should give them time to show their real character.
10- Why should not we judge people by their appearances? Because the person we have
judged is not what we first thought. We should give them time to show their real character
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the sun / the moon / the world العالم/ the Earth األرض/ The country الريف/ the countryside الريف/ the
town المدينة/ the sea / the sky السماء/ the ground األرض/ the Pyramids األهرامات/ the Cairo Tower برج
القاهرة
- Cairo is the capital of Egypt. - During the war, Golding was a sailor in the British navy.
.The man who lost his money was very sad قبل االسم الذي تتبعه عبارة بها ضمير وصل-
لإلشارة إلى اختراع أو نوع من حيوان ما بشرط أن يكون مفردا-
- The computer says the lion is a member of the cat family.
) the ( أما اذا كان االختراع او نوع الحيوان جمع فال يسبق بــ-
- Elephants live more than lions. - Computers store a lot of information.
مع أسماء البحار و المحيطات و األنهار و السالسل الجبلية و مجموعات الجزر و البحيرات و الصحارى
- the Pacific Ocean المحيط الهادي - the Atlantic Ocean المحيط األطلنطي
- the Mediterranean Sea البحر المتوسط - the Nile نهر النيل
- the Himalayas جبال الهمااليا - the Alps جبال األلب
- the Sahara الصحراء الكبرى - the Bahamas جزر البهـاما
- the Great Lakes البحيرات العظمي - the Andes جبال االنديز
) مع أسماء بعض الدول (عادة الدول المركبة
The United Arab Emirates اإلمارات المتحدة- the united kingdom المملكة المتحدةthe United States of
America الواليات المتحدة األمريكية- the Sudan السودان The European Union االتحاد األوروبي
) مع وسائل الترفيه (السينما و المسرح و الراديو و االنترنت
- We went to the theatre last night. - I found the information on the internet.
)the( ) في سيــــــــــــاق المشاهـــــــــــــدة فال تأخذtelevision( عند استخدام كلمة-
- We often watch football matches on television.
قبل بعض الصفات لتحويلها إلى أسماء جمــع تدل علي كل من يحمل هذة الصفــــــــــــــــة
the poor الفقراء the rich األغنياء the young الصغار
the old كبار السن the dead الموتى the living األحياء
قبل صفات التفضيل و العبارات الدالة على المقارنة
-Ali is the tallest boy in class. Dalia is the most intelligent girl in class.
-The more you practise, the better you get.
-If you work hard , you will get high marks. (The)
-The harder you work, the higher marks you will get.
play / practice قبل أسماء األدوات الموسيقية إذا جاءت مع أفعال مثل
the piano – البيانوthe guitar الجيتار the lute العود – the violin الكمان
)the( أما عند الحديث عنها علي أنها آالت أو أجهزة فال تأخذ-
- I want to buy a piano.–She found an old guitar in her grandfather’s house.
The English – The British – The French : مع بعض الكلمات الدالة علي الجنسية-
- The Japanese / the Chinese/ the Sudanese…….. etc.
: قبل أسماء الصحف و الكتب المقدسة-
The Timesصحيفة التايمز The Koran / The Bible
عندما يكون االسم الذي تستخدم قبله واضحا للقارئ أو السامع-
- Your mum comes to your bedroom and tells you:
- Make the bed and open the window. (You know which bed and window your mum is talking about)
Go to sea / be at sea = go / be on a voyage -)the (بدون يذهب في رحلة بحرية-الحـــــــــــــظ
) عند اإلشارة إلي البحر كمكانthe( لكن الحظ أننا نستخدم-
- I'd like to live by the sea.
No Article :ال نستخدم أداة
. مع األسماء الجمع عندما نعبر عن أفكار عامــــــــة مثل الناس و الطعام والوظائف والنباتات
- Women usually live longer than men. - Beans are good for you.
- Scientists have to study hard. - Trees don’t grow without water.
’the‘ ولكن عندما نحدد أى ناس أو أشياء فإننا تستخدم
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First Year Hello English First Term
- The people in my street are friendly.
مع األسماءالتي ال تعد عندما تستخدم بمعنى عــــــــام مثل الطعام و الشراب و المواد الخام
Meat-water – oil - If you're thirsty, drink water.
مع أسماء القارات و المدن الكبيرة و الصغيرة و معظم الدول و أسماء األعالم و أسماء البحيرات المفردة و الجبال المفردة مثل
Africa – India – London – Yusef- Lake Naser – Everest
- Luxor / London / Egypt / Turkey
Running is good exercise.- Football is a popular - مع األنشطة و األلعاب الرياضية
.sport
) مع األسماء المجردة أي المعنوية (عندما تستخدم بمعنى عــــــــــــــــــــــام
democracy الديمقراطية- beauty الجمالlove - truth الحقيقة- happiness – السعادةsadness الحزن
- We had fun on holiday.- Work can be tiring.
مع المواد الدراسية و اللغات
- I love history.- My father can speak French as well as Arabic.
the(( ) ) نستخدمlanguage الحظ أنه إذا جاءت بعد اسم اللغة كلمة-
The English language / the French language
breakfast – lunch – dinner – supper قبل أسماء الوجبات-
- I usually have breakfast at 7 o’clock?
) مع أسماء الوجبات في حالة التحديد ( التخصيصthe يمكن أن نستخدم
- Will you go to the dinner we are having at the restaurant tomorrow?
.go - return - come - arrive خاصة مع أفعال الحركةhome - work - bed قبل كلمة-
-He returned home late last night. - When did you arrive at work? - When do you go to bed?
و نستخدم، عندما تستخدم في الغرض الذي بنيت من أجلهschool - prison - hospital - church - mosque قبل-
. إذا تم الذهاب إلى هذه األماكن للزيارةthe
-He went to prison. = He is a prisoner, a soldier or an officer.
-He went to the prison. = He went there to visit someone.
) ) قبل أسماء المواد ( الخاماتthe( ال تستخدم-
- wood / wool / metal / milk / iron / plastic / meat……etc.
) قبل فصول السنة و أسماء الشهور و أيام األسبوعthe( ال نستخدم-
- Monday / Friday / January / April/ summer……..etc.
) قبل األلقاب المتبوعة باسم شخص و قبل أسماء األعيادthe( الحظ عدم استخدام-
- King Ramses built a lot of temples.- President Sadat was a great politician.
- I do not go out at Christmas.
UNIT 9 Amazing people ( Workbook )
Complete the sentences with these words.
achieved career difficulty incredible inspired kung fu physiotherapy
a Some old people have ………………… with seeing in the dark.
b Hassan's broken leg is nearly better, but now he
needs to have ……………………
c My grandmother has ………………so much in her life. She was a doctor and had four
children.
d Nabila felt ……………..to learn a new language after watching a TV programme about a
woman who can speak eight languages!
e Mr Taha spent most of his …………………….as a teacher.
f You must read this book. The story is ……………………
g I saw an interesting Chinese film about some ………..………… fighters.
Match to make compound nouns. Which is two words?
a wheel 1 mistress
b pass 2 fumes
c under 3 word
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d head 4 ground
e exhaust 5 chair
Complete these sentences from the listening text with the correct prepositions.
at for in of off to
a We look ………… men and women who have achieved things ………………. their lives
despite great difficulties.
b Ths was very difficult …………… him because before the accident, he had been a
champion………………… kung fu.
c Suddenly, it fell ………. the 6th of October Bridge and crashed ………….. the ground
d After many hours ……… practice and a lot of hard work, Mahmoud became very good at it.
Answer these questions for yourself.
a What have you achieved in your life?...................................................................................
b What can be difficult for you? ……………………………………………………………………
c What do you need many hours of practice to be good at/ Think of three things
……………………………………………………………………………………..…………………..
d What are you very good at?.................................................................................................
1 Complete the sentences with the articles a, an or the.
a His cousin is …………….. journalist. He works for ……………….. ne spaper n Cairo.
b I think this is ………... best museum in Alexandria . Is there ……….. museum in your town?
c She wants to have ………….….. holiday next to …….…….. sea.
d He had ……..…….. dream last night. In ………..….. dream, he was ten metres tall!
e Adel is …………….. space scientist. At the moment, he is studying …….…….. moon.
f …………... engineer has …….…….. interesting job.
2 Find and correct the mistakes in these sentences.
Some people say that a best Olympic stadium ever built is the Beijing Olympic Stadium. The
architects built it with the help of the artist called Ai Weiwei, who designed the stadium to look
like the bird's nest. An unusual design is a symbol of China 's art and culture.
A 60-metre-high building opened in 2008 and is now a very popular place for tourists to visit
from all over a world.
Complete the sentences with the correct article.
When ……..… person has broken ……..… leg, it can take ……..… few months before ……..
… leg is better again. However……..… person will probably need physiotherapy to
make……..… leg strong again. ……..… best way for ……..… person to get better is to do
exercises two or three times ……..… day. The person can have this
physiotherapy in ……..… good hospital.
Match the words and expressions with the same meaning.
a award 1 more than a few
b graduate 2 all over
c several 3 pass your exams at university
d throughout 4 a teacher of one person or a small group of people
e tutor 5 prize
Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1.
a Hamid won an ……………. for helping out with a lot of different charities.
b You will find people who speak English ……………. the world.
c ……………… students got all their answers right in the test.
d Amal's sister will ……………… in medicine this year
e Mona wants to learn Chinese, so her parents have found her a Chinese………………
Rewrite the following sentences with the words think or seem so that they have the
same meaning.
a I think Omar has got all the answers right.
b I think there is some sand in my bag.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 74
First Year Hello English First Term
c It seems your cousin always smiles !
d I think it's cold outside because people are wearing coats.
e I don't know, but it seems this is the answer.
1 Choose the best expressions to reply to these situations.
a I've just passed my exams!
A Thank you. B (Congratulations!)
b Our football team won 8-0.
A That's excellent. B I'm glad you like it.
c I must congratulate you on getting into the university.
A Congratulations. B Thank you
d I love this poem that you wrote.
A I'm glad you like it. B You've always been very good.
e I'd like to compliment you on your drawing.
A That's very kind of you. B Well done!
2 Write what you would say in each of the following situations.
a Your older cousin says he / she is getting married this year.
b A friend shows you a photograph he/she took on holiday. It is very good.
c A friend of your family's has got a very good job in Cairo.
d Your eacher says your English is now very good .
e A young cousin bakes you some cakes. They are very nice.
Revision c
Finish the following dialogue:
Walid I passed the English exam with 100 percent'
Ka rim …………………………………………………………………..
Walid ……………………………………………………………………?
Karim Yes, I drew it.
Walid I can't draw, but I can take good photographs.
Karim Yes, you can. …………………………………………………
Walid They are having a photography competition in the library next week. I have two
photographs that I think are quite good………………………..……?
Karim You should join the competition of course'
Write what you would say in each of the following situations:
a You want to congratulate your sister because she has passed her driving test.
b A friend shows you an article they wrote . Compliment him.
c You are going to have lunch with your young brother. He has been playing outside. Advise
him.
d Your uncle is going on holiday in Britain. You want to remind him that they drive on the left.
Choose the correct answer from a, b, cord:
1 Flu is a……………….. that many people can catch .
a drought b disease c donation d disaster
2 Do not leave your food on the table or it will …………….. flies.
a attract b starve c take d hit
3 They have …………… the animal that ran from the zoo in a park.
a infected b depended c freed d captured
4 Who is the ……………………of that new blue car!
a patron b owner c author d researcher
5 The hotel ……………….. the Nile.
a opens b looks c overlooks d sees
6 There are ………………. post offices in the centre of the city.
a several b soft c obvious d wild
7 You ………………… touch that pan. It is very hot
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a should b must c mustn't d must not to
8 Ali is very tall. He………………….. play basketball.
a should b would c shouldn't d can't
9 We wouldn't have gone to the beach if we………. it was so windy
a knew b would know c had known d know
10 I would never ………………… Chinese food if we hadn't visited that restaurant.
a try b have tried c trying d tried
11 You must never look at …………………. sun.
aa b the c an d (no article)
12 Ahmed's father is……………….. teacher.
aa b the c an d (no article)
4 Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets, to give the same
meaning.
1 What do you advise me to do? (should)
2 Hana went to the doctor, as she wasn't feeling well. (If)
3 Omar read an interesting story. (The)
4 If Ali had been busy, he wouldn't have gone to the club. (because)
5 Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:
1 It you want to avoid infectious, you must always wash your hands.
2 Mahmoud Youssef couldn't walk, so he used a swing.
3 Helen Keller was borne in a rural area.
4 Invitations, you just passed your exams.
6 Read the following passage, then answer the questions:
Hi Magda,
Thank you for your email and I'm looking forward to you visiting me here in the hospital. Your
mother says that you have never been to a hospital' When you arrive, you must wash your
hands before you come in. You should go to room 4 and ask to see me.
I am not bored here. Yesterday we watched a play. The actors performed for all the children
in the hospital. If you had visited me yesterday, you would have seen it It was very good!
The doctors think that my leg is nearly better. They will make a decision tomorrow about
when I can go home. I must use a wheelchair for a few weeks and I will also need
physiotherapy, but then I will be better'
Nahla
1 Why do you think Magda must wash her hands before she visits Nahla?
2 Why wasn't Nahla bored yesterday?
3 What did the actors do?
4 What would Madga have seen if she had visited yesterday?
5 When will Nahla know when she can go home?
a tomorrow b in a few days
c in a few weeks d in one or two months
6 What will help Nahla to be stronger after she leaves the hospital7
a a wheelchair b her friends
c physiotherapy d some actors
7 Answer only FOUR of the following questions:
1 What did King Lear decide to do when he was old?
2 What would have happened if King Lear had known how much Cordelia loved him?
3 What lesson do you learn from reading about Helen Keller??
4 In your opinion, how is cleanliness the key to a healthy life?
5 People express their feelings in different ways. (Give two examples.)
6 In your opinion, what qualities does any person need to achieve his or her ambitions in life?
8 Answer only FOUR of the following questions:
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 76
First Year Hello English First Term
a What happened to Oliver when he was going to the bookshop?
b What did Mr Bumble tell Mr Brownlow?
c Why did Mr Sikes and Toby Crackit want Oliver to help them?
d Do you think Fagin is a good or bad person? Give a reason.
e Why were Mrs Maylie and Rose surprised when they saw the thief?
9 Write a paragraph of ninety words about only ONE (1) of the following:
a an amazing person that you know
b the importance of cleanliness
10 a Translate into Arabic:
1 People who can't see or hear should learn to depend on themselves.
2 Sanitation is very important for leading a healthy life.
b Translate into English:
ال يستطيع الكثير من الناس التعبير عن مشاعرهم بسهولة-
Have you heard of Charles Dickens? After Shakespeare, he is probably the most famous
writer in the English language. He is best known for his novels about life in nineteenth –
century Britain . Dickens was born in 1812 into a good family in the south of England when
he was still a young boy, his father went to prison because he had got into debt. Charles
went to London to earn money for the family. At the age of twelve, he was working for ten
hours a day in a London factory. He saw how hard life was for poor, and many of the ideas
for the stories of his novels and the characters in them came from this time. After he left the
factory, Dickens went to work as an office clerk, but he did not enjoy this. In 1834 he started
work as a newspaper journalist. While he was working for the newspaper; he was also
writing magazine stories about life in London. Instead of using his real name, he called
himself Boz for these stories. He want on to write Oliver twist in 1838 and Nicholas Nickleby
in 1839 David Copperfield followed in 1850, a Talc of two cities in 1859, and great
Expectations in 1861
In Oliver twist, Dickens shows the dark side of life in nineteenth- century London. He
describes the live of child workers and life in the workhouse , where very poor people were
sent to live and work .Dickens died in 1870. When he died, Dickens was 58 years.
England and its people at the time of Dickens :
In the nineteenth century when Dickens was writing, England was a rich country, but there
were many poor people. At this time, cities like London and Manchester grew very quickly.
Large numbers of people came to the cities to look for work because they had lost their jobs
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 78
First Year Hello English First Term
in the country. Men, women and children worked very long hours in factories to earn enough
money to live. There were not enough houses or flats for everybody, so many families
shared rooms in crowded buildings. Thousands of children, whose parents died, lived in the
streets of big cities. Many people died when they were young because they were ill or didn’t
have food
The Cricket on the Hearth Reading
A cricket is a kind of jumping insect which makes a loud noise. In this book, a family has a
cricket living on the hearth in their house. In the past, people thought that if you saw a cricket,
good things would happen to you, so the family in the story is happy to have it in their home
Caleb Plummer and his blind daughter Bertha lived together in a little house. They made
toys and their house belonged to the businessman who they worked for, Mr. Tackleton.
Caleb and Bertha were very poor, but Caleb looked after Bertha very well.
Bertha had been blind since she was born. Her father wanted her to have a happy life, so he
didn't tell her what their life was really like. Bertha didn't know that the ceilings were cracked
and the plaster was falling off the walls She never knew that everything around her was old
and poor. She didn't realize that her father was a grey-haired old man. She thought that they
lived in a comfortable home; she thought that she had a well-dressed father and that Mr.
Tackleton was a good employer. Because her father was kind, Bertha was always happy.
This changed one day when she heard Mr. Tackleton talking to her father. Mr. Tackleton
was angry and was shouting at her father. Bertha was sad and didn't talk to her father all
day.
Her father realized that she had heard the argument. “I have always tried to be good to you,
but I have failed," he said.
Bertha didn't understand her father's words. “Bertha, I wanted you to be happy, so since the
day that you were born I have hidden the truth from you. I have changed things, invented
things and told you stories that were not the truth."
“I have been really blind,” replied Bertha. “I had never realized until today how kind and
loving you have been."
Caleb looked at his daughter. He was very surprised by her words. Finally, she said, " I have
always been happy, but now I will be even happier."
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 80
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Interviewer : Really?
Champion : Then / make a promise, I tell people that if they ask me a question and tell me their
name, I'll remember their name and use it when I answer their question. If I forget, I'll give the
person 1,00 dollars.
Interviewer : And how much do you have to pay at the end of a show?
Champion : Nothing. I've never had to give any money. At a show two weeks ago, I forgot
someone's name for a few seconds, but then Iremembered it.
Interviewer : Mike Champion, thank you very much for talking to me.
My best friend Reading
Hi Pat,
I'd like to tell you about my best friend Ibrahim. We're the same age and I've known him all my
life. We always played together when we were children. Our families are good friends and
sometimes we all go on holiday together. Ibrahim and I go to the same school and we both
want to go to university and become teachers. We like doing the same things. For example,
we both enjoy athletics. But we're not good at the same school subjects. Ibrahim's good at
science and maths and I'm better at English. This means I can help Ibrahim with English and
he can help me with maths.
Our characters are not the same. Ibrahim's a calm, relaxed person, but I'm the opposite. I get
excited very easily and worry about everything. Ibrahim and I don't always agree with each
other: maybe that's why we are friends. I hope Ibrahim and I will always be best friends.
Maybe we will become parents and grandparents one day and our children and grandchildren
will be best friends, too.
Best wishes,
Abdullah
Today's street children
Homeless children like Oliver Twist, who lived on the streets of English towns and cities in the
time of Charles Dickens, were a real problem for society. This problem is still with us. Experts
think that there are now more than 100 million homeless children on the streets in the world
today. This is not only a problem in poor countries. There are also street children in rich
countries.
There are many different reasons why children live and grow up on the streets. One of the
most common reasons is poverty. Some very poor families who do not have enough money to
feed their children send them away to make a new life for themselves. Some children leave
unhappy homes to live with other children. Other reasons include war and disasters like
earthquakes, in which a child's parents are killed and children are left to look after themselves.
City streets can be violent, dangerous places and some children become thieves in order to
live. But many street children work hard to build a home for themselves, to make friends and
to earn money.
The problem of homeless street children will not disappear unless we do something about it.
Some homeless children have done well and even become successfUl in business, but
society needs to protect and look afte~ homeless children to help them have a better future.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 81
First Year Hello English First Term
In 1800, two percent of the world's population lived in cities. Today, it is over 50 percent and
by 2030, it may increase to 60 percent. Across the world, about 180,000 people move to
cities every day. It is not easy for governments to know the country's population or how many
people are living in each part of large cities. For that reason, many countries carry out a
census to get correct information. This is a questionnaire in which all the people of a country
are asked questions about their lives.
The ancient Egyptians- started doing a census in around 2500 BCE, to find out how many
workers were available to build the Pyramids and how much land farmers could use along
the Nile. In Egypt today, the Central Agency for Population Mobilisation and Statistics
(CAPMAS) do a national census every ten years. The first modern census was in 1882 and
there have been 13 more since then.
Thousands of researchers visit people's houses across Egypt and ask people to complete a
form. The form asks for information about members of the family in the house, their
nationality, religion, education, work and health.
It also asks for information about the house: the number of rooms, if it has electricity or gas,
where the water comes from, etc. It is very important for people to complete these forms so
that the government knows how comfortably people are living and can help to solve any
problems.
The information from the census helps the government to plan how many hospitals and
roads they will need to build and where to build them. It also helps them to improve schools
or build new schools if needed. This will help us all to lead better and healthier lives in the
future.
e.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 82
First Year Hello English First Term
To profit by these garden days,
Oh how much wiser you would be,
To play at Indian wars with me!
ple
Narrator (1)
Abd EL-Aziz: Next month I'm going to buy a new car - a really modern one with a computer
that controls the engine and reports any problems. It will also have a satellite navigation
system which will show the quickest route and tell me about any traffic jams.
Narrator (2)
Leila : Hi, it's me. We've just had some fantastic news. My sister is going to have a baby. All
the family's really excited about it. She and her husband already have a daughter, so they
hope it will be a boy.
Narrator (3)
Fahmy: The school inspector is coming on Thursday. He's arriving at ten o'clock. So your
student must all bring in their books. I 'll give the inspector some tea in my office, then we'll
visit the classrooms
Narrator: (4)
MrsZakariya: Don't forget that Lucy and Paul are coming this evening. I expect they'll stay
for dinner .Oh! that's them – I'll gel it
Narrator: (5)
Mrs El-Shazli: Look at the sky. It's really dark I think It's going to rain. Take your umbrella
with you or you'll get wet
Cars without oil Reading
1 - Air pollutionis a big problem for people and the environment. If you sit in a traffic jam in
Cairo, your lungs will fill with the exhaust fumes from cars buses.and lorries. Air which is
polluted by exhaust fumes can damage your health as well as the environment.
2 - Scientists are working on the problem of exhaust pollution. Now, all cars burn petrol more
efficiently than in the past. Scientists have also designed engines which use natural gas, and
many buses in Cairo and other cities use these engines.
3 - Engineers also designed electric cars that use batteries. The batteries in early electric
cars could not store as much fuel as petrol vehicles. This meant that they could not travel as
far or as fast as petrol cars. Now, however, engineers have designed cars which use, both
electricity and petrol. When the battery is empty, the petrol engine takes over, and when the
car uses petrol, this recharges the battery. These cars can go further using the same amount
of Petrol as ordinary cars. This car uses electricity and petrol.
4- Scientists have also discovered that cars can run on vegetable oil, which means that
farmers will be able to "grow" fuel in their fields. And now engineers areworking on a new
type of car battery which makes energy out of hydrogen and oxygen. Experts believe that we
may be able to buy cars using these batteriesin the next ten years.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 83
First Year Hello English First Term
5-We know that at some time in the future, there will be no oil in the world, so we need to find
a replacement for petrol as soon as possible.
Until 1960, Rio de Janeiro had always been Brazil's capital. In 1960, a completely new
city in the middle of the country became the capital. Called Brasilia, the city now has a
population of about three million and is the home of the country's government. Many people
from all over the country helped to build Brasilia. When the city was finished, these workers
did not want to go home, so new villages were built near to the city where they could live.
Saudi Arabia also has a new city building programme and is going to build six new cities in
the next few years. The most important of these will be King Abdullah Economic City (KAEC).
It is on the Red Sea 100 km north of Jeddah and will be the country's most important port.
They started building KAEC in 2006. They hope to finish it in 2025. When it is complete, the
city will cover 388 square kilometres, be home to two million people and provide one million
jobs.
Fighting world hunger Reading
Oliver worked hard at the workhouse with these boys and quickly realised that his life was not
going to become any easier. His bed was very uncomfortable and the food was never
enough. All they ate was a thin soup . The boys he worked with were always hungry. After a
few months, they ose to starving that they made a plan . They decided they must have more
food, and they chose Oliver to ask for it
Hunger was common among poor people everywhere in Charles Dickens's time, and it is still
a big problem in many parts of the world. Charity workers think that there are about 925
million hungry people in the world today.
One charity, The World Food Programme, helps to feed more than 90 million malnourished
people in 70 different countries every year. Scientists say that there is enough food for
everyone in the world and that nobody needs to suffer from hunger. So why are there so
many hungry people? One reason is that there are poor harvests after a drought. Most crops
do not grow when there is not enough water. This means that the price of ordinary food, like
rice or bread, goes up in poorer countries. War or regional conflicts can also lead to food
shortages.
So how are charities helping people? The World Food Programme has 30 ships, 70 planes
and 5,000 lorries which take food and other help to the areas that need it most. In recent
years, this charity, which depends on donations, has worked in East Africa, Pakistan,
Afghanistan and Sudan.
Charities do everything they can to help and scientists are growing new crops using genetic
engineering to produce more food. Still, hunger will continue to be a problem for many years.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 84
First Year Hello English First Term
Presenter: Today's programme is on a subject that is worrying many people: bird flu. We
have an expert on bird flu in the studio today, so let's have our first question.
Caller 1: Hello! my question is, can humans catch bird flu?
Expert: Hello! The short answer to your question is "Yes". In fact, by 2007,more than 300
people had caught the disease. But only about half of these people died. But you shouldn't
worry - it is very unusual for humans to catch this kind of flu. They have to be very near
infected birds. It is extremely unusual for humans to catch bird flu from other humans.
Presenter: And now caller two. can we have your question?
Caller 2: Good morning. I 'd like to know where the recent outbreak of bird flu began.
Expert: Experts believe it started in 2003 in Asia. 100 million birds were killed to try to stop
the disease, but by 2005 to 2006, there were new outbreaks in Africa, the Middle East and
Europe.
Caller 2: And what's happening now? Has the disease disappeared?
Expert: No, I'm afraid not. It's still with us, but we believe it's under control.
Presenter: Can we have our third question, please?
Caller 3: Hi. Can you tell me what kind of bird can catch bird flu?
Expert: That's very easy: all kinds of wild birds as well as farm birds like chickens. But other
animals, like cats, can also catch it.
Presenter: We just have time for one more question. This is our last caller for today.
Caller4: Hello. What should people do to protect themselves?
Expert: Well most people who catch bird flu live very near to birds which have The disease.
If you have touched an infected bird, you must wash very well. If you think you may have the
disease, you must see your doctor.
How to avoid illness Reading
Cleanliness is extremely important in protecting us from infections. Hygiene (your own
cleanliness) and sanitation (public cleanliness) are both important. Many infections of the
stomach pass from one person to another because of bad sanitation and hygiene. If a child
has dirty hands, they will be covered with millions of germs which we cannot see. If that child
gives sweets to another child, some of those germs will be passed to the other child. When
this child eats the sweet, he or she will eat some of the germs and may become ill. The
child's mother may say that it is because her child ate the sweet, but it is really because her
child ate the other child's germs.
These are some of the rules of hygiene. You should always wash your hands before a meal.
You should bathe more often in hot weather or when you have been running or been to the
gym. You should also be very careful about the food you eat and the water you drink. Make
sure that flies and other insects do not land on your food. Insects eat dirt and there are germs
in dirt. If insects land on your food, they may pass their germs on to you. You must not leave
pieces of food or dirty dishes laying around, because they will attract flies, You can protect
food from flies and germs by covering it. You should always boil tap water before you drink it.
Finally, you must never eat food that smells bad because it may be poisonous. Do not eat
food from a tin if the tin is damaged; the food will probably be bad.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 86
First Year Hello English First Term
The country with his last two good friends Until they arrive in Dover. In FranceCordelia
hears what has happened To her father. She comes to England with Soldiers to try to save
him and to take his Country back from her two sisters. English Soldiers arrive in Dover and
beat the French. Cordelia and Lear are captured and taken to Prison here, Cordelia tells her
father how much she really loves him.
In today’s programme, we hear about a brave man whose story will inspire many
young people. The brave man’s name is Mahomoud Mohamed Youssef. He likes doing
Kung fu and decided to be a PE teacher. One day, the bus that Mahmoud was travelling on
made an accident. It fell off 6th October Bridge and crashed to the ground. Mahmoud woke
up in hospital. Doctors at the hospital told him that he would never walk again. This was
very difficult for him because before the accident, he had been a champion in Kung fu.
Mahmoud decided to practice another sport using his hands. He decided to be a wheelchair
tennis player. After many hours of hard work, Mahmoud became very good at it. He began
to train until he began competing in wheelchair tennis, ranked as Egypt’s top
second player. He recently participated in tournaments in Holland and Kenya.
Helen Keller Reading
It is very hard for people who cannot see or hear. It is even more difficult to enjoy a full life if
you are both blind and deaf, but that is what happened to an American woman called Helen
Killer. Incredibly, Helen lived a busy life, wrote many books and travelled to many places
before she died, aged 87, in 1968.
Helen was born in a rural area of the USA. She could never see or hear anything
because of an illness she had when she was a baby. When she was seven, her parents
asked a nurse called Anne Sullivan to help their child. Anne couldn’t see well herself but
was very patient with Helen. She soon understood that this little girl was very intelligent.
Anne used touch to reach her to communicate with her hands. Helen then learnt how to
read using Braille and even learned several things.
When she was 20, Helen went to university and in 1904, she became the first deaf and
blind person to graduate. While she was at university, Helen also wrote the first of her many
books, called The Story of My Life.
Helen later worked for the American Foundation for the Blind, an organization that
helps people who cannot see throughout the world. As part of her work, she travelled to 35
countries. Helen inspired not only blind people, but others, too. Two films were made about
her life and she won many awards for her work.
A few years ago, scientists said that red meat was bad for your heart and that we should eat
more vegetables. Now, they are saying that we should eat meat because it has things in it
which we can't get from vegetables. The problem is that the scientists don't agree with each
other. So it's impossible for us to know what we should or shouldn't eat.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 87
First Year Hello English First Term
@ It is very unhealthy to be in the same room as people who smoke. Now, people in
England can't smoke in public buildings. So, there's no smoking in cafés, offices, cinemas or
shops. Public places will be nicer for people who don't smoke.
@ Swimming and running are good for you.
@ Too much sun is bad for you. If you get burnt, it can be dangerous. When it's too hot, you
shouldn't be in the sun for more than about 15 minutes.
Cars can damage your health Reading
Mexico City is one of the most polluted cities in the world. There are mountains all round the
city and there isn't much wind., so the pollution is not blown away. The people of Mexico
City have tried many things to cut the pollution, but nothing has made a difference. They
have moved factories from the centre of the city to land outside. They have planted trees
along the roads, because trees produce oxygen and help to keep the air clean. There are
new traffic rules so that there are fewer cars on the city's roads. The government put signs
of seven different colours on all Mexican cars. So people with green signs could not drive
their cars in the city on Mondays. People with blue signs could not drive them on Tuesdays,
etc. There was a different colour for every day. Unfortunately this system was not
successful. Poor people did not go to work on days when they could not drive their cars,
and rich people bought another car with a different coloured sign! This increased the traffic
and made the problem worse.
@ London used to have a problem like Mexico City. Now, drivers have to pay to drive into
the centre of London during working hours on weekdays. This has succeeded in cutting the
number of drivers who come into London every day. Many people now use buses and
trains. People who live in the centre do not have to pay and nobody has to pay in the
evenings or at weekends.
What is prejudice
When we hear something about someone, we often form an opinion of that person before
we see them. For example, if we hear that someone is rich or famous, we may think that th
is person will be wearing expensive clothes . The women who went to see Oliver were
surprised ed to see a quiet young boy because they thought that he would look more like a
thief. But thieves and rich people do not always look how you think they will.
In the same way, when we see someone for the first time. we often make up our minds
about the sort of peron they are very quickly. It is , unfortunately, part of human nature to
judge people by their appearance. Often, however, we have to change our minds because
the person we have judged is not what we first thought. For example, we may think that
someone is friendly when we first meet them , but then change our opinion
When that person does something that a friend would not do. Or, on the other hand, we
may think that someone is not very intelligent and then discover that we were wrong when
they do something that is very clever. There are many different ways in which we may judge
another person's character. For example, it may be the clothes that they wear or the way
they speak and behave. In many cases this is simply prejudice: we judge people before we
have enough information to judge them correctly. The next time you meet someone new, try
not to judge them too quickly. Give them time to show their real character.
Mr B. M. Ghreeb 88