Curvature Equations and Syntax

Curvature Normal (79)

∇ 𝑅⃗ = ∇ ∇ 𝑅⃗ = ∇ ∇ 𝑅⃗ = 𝐵 𝑁

𝐵 = ∇ ∇ 𝑅⃗ ⋅ 𝑁

Mean Curvature (79)

𝐵 =Κ +Κ

Gaussian Curvature (79)

|𝐵⋅⋅ | = Κ = Κ Κ

Principal Curvatures (80)

Κ = (𝐵 + 𝐵 ) + (𝐵 − 𝐵 ) + 4𝐵 𝐵

Κ = (𝐵 + 𝐵 ) − (𝐵 − 𝐵 ) + 4𝐵 𝐵

Commutative Operator (82)

∇ ,∇ 𝑇 = ∇ ∇ − ∇ ∇ 𝑇

Riemann-Christoffel Tensor (82)

𝑅 = − +Γ Γ −Γ Γ

𝑅 = − +Γ Γ −Γ Γ

Commutation for Contravariant Vector (82)

∇ ,∇ 𝑇 = 𝑅 𝑇

Riemann-Christoffel Tensor in Riemann Normal Coordinates (83)

𝑅 = −

𝑅 = − − +

Riemann-Christoffel Tensor Symmetries (84)

𝑅 = −𝑅

𝑅 = −𝑅

𝑅 =𝑅
Bianchi Identities (84)

𝑅 +𝑅 +𝑅 =0

∇ 𝑅 +∇ 𝑅 +∇ 𝑅 =0

Commutation for Vectors and Scalar Functions (85)

∇ ,∇ 𝑇 = 𝑅 𝑇

∇ , ∇ 𝑇 = −𝑅 𝑇

∇ ,∇ 𝑓 = 0

∇ ,∇ 𝑇 = 0

∇ ,∇ 𝑇 = 0

Commutation Sum and Product Rules (85)

∇ ,∇ 3𝑆 + 5𝑇 = 3 ∇ ,∇ 𝑆 + 5 ∇ ,∇ 𝑇

∇ ,∇ 𝑆 𝑇 = ∇ ,∇ 𝑆 𝑇 +𝑆 ∇ ,∇ 𝑇

Commutation for Tensors of Higher Rank (85)

∇ ,∇ 𝑆 𝑇𝑈𝑉 =𝑅 𝑆 𝑇 𝑈 𝑉 −𝑅 𝑆 𝑇𝑈𝑉

∇ ,∇ 𝑇 =𝑅 𝑇 −𝑅 𝑇

Codazzi Equation (86)

∇ 𝐵 =∇ 𝐵

Theorema Egregium (86)

𝑅 =𝐵 𝐵 −𝐵 𝐵

Gaussian Curvature – Riemann Tensor Relationships (86)

= |𝐵⋅⋅ | = Κ

Κ𝜀 𝜀 =𝑅

Κ= 𝜀 𝜀 𝑅

Ricci Tensor (87)

𝑅 =𝑅 =𝑅
Ricci Scalar (87)

𝑅=𝑅 =𝑅

Κ= 𝑅

Contracted Bianchi Identity (87)

∇ 𝑅 − 𝑅𝑆 =0

Einstein Tensor (87)

𝐺 =𝐺 =𝑅 − 𝑅𝑆

∇ 𝐺 =0