Pre -Intermediate

Class 8 of 20

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•Practice describing caude and
effect

•Learn how to structure a

cause and effect essay

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One factor is

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Statement +
A statement
includes at
least one
verb
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 Examples:

‘’People often don’t drink enough

water …

…which leads to dehydration.’’

…leading to dehydration.’’
…causing dehydration.’’

…As a result, they get dehydrated.’’

…The result of this is dehydration.’’

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Lots of street dogs
Heavy rain
Eating spicy food
Throwing litter/garbage on the
street
Not getting enough sleep
Arriving late to work

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 NOT in magazine

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 NOT in magazine

Paragraph Content

Paragraph 1

Paragraph 2

Paragraph 3

Paragraph 4

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 NOT in magazine

Paragraph Content

Paragraph 1 INTRODUCTION: write a general statement on the essay topic and how it is
relevant to the world today (Nowadays, it is common to have polluted cities.
What causes this? And what are the effects? In this essay, I will discuss this
and propose one possible solution.)
Paragraph 2 MAIN BODY 1: In these main body paragraphs, you have to actually answer
the question given to you. In this essay, you have 3 things to do. Make sure
you do these 3 things in Paragraphs 2 and 3. You might only talk about
causes and consequences in Paragraph 2 (The main cause of pollution is
factories. Factories produce…, leading to…)
Paragraph 3 MAIN BODY 2: If you talk about causes and consequences in paragraph 2,
you can talk about one possible solution in this paragraph. (One idea that
might help is to…)

Paragraph 4 CONCLUSION: Here, summarize the main points discussed, in different

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The listener also has a role to play in
actively listening to the speakers.

Do the phrases below:

a) encourage the speaker
b) echo the speaker’s feelings

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