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Group Number: 2 Date: April 20, 2024

Group Members:

Abubo, Kyce Ashley

Alunan, Rainer John

Anding, Marriel

Baugbog, Junnil Jay

Escalante, Mheg Kim

Pepito, Cassandra Gwyneth

Common Infectious Disease

Infectious Disease Causative agents Reservoir Transmission Organ infected

1. Chickenpox and Shingles Varicella-zoster virus Humans Respiratory droplets, direct contact Skin, nervous system
(VZV) with skin lesions

2. German Measles Rubella virus Humans Respiratory droplets, direct contact Skin, lymph nodes,
with nasal or throat secretions respiratory system

3. Measles, Hard measles, Measles virus Humans Respiratory droplets, aerosols Respiratory system, skin
Rubeola
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4. Monkey pox Monkeypox virus Rodents, other small Direct contact with infected animals or Skin, lymph nodes
mammals their bodily fluids, respiratory droplets

5. Smallpox Variola virus Humans Respiratory droplets, direct contact Skin, mucous membranes
with skin lesions

6. Warts Human papillomavirus Humans Direct contact with infected skin, Skin
(HPV) surfaces

7. Acne Propionibacterium acnes Human skin Not contagious, influenced by Skin, sebaceous glands
(bacteria) hormonal factors and skin hygiene

8. Anthrax Bacillus anthracis Soil Contact with spores through skin, Skin, lungs,
(bacteria) inhalation, ingestion gastrointestinal tract

9. Gas gangrene, Clostridium perfringens Soil, intestines of humans Contaminated wounds, surgical sites Muscles, soft tissues
Myonecrosis (bacteria) and animals

10. Leprosy, Hansen or Mycobacterium leprae Humans, armadillos Prolonged close contact with untreated Skin, nerves
Hansen’s Disease (bacteria) cases

11. Folliculitis, Staphylococcus aureus, Skin, water, contaminated Contact with contaminated water, Hair follicles, skin
Pseudomonas surfaces shaving, hot tubs
aeruginosa (bacteria),
fungal or viral infections

12. Impetigo, Impetigo of the Staphylococcus aureus, Human skin, nasal Direct contact with skin lesions, Skin, superficial layers
Newborn Streptococcus pyogenes passages fomites
(bacteria)

13. Scalded Skin Syndrome Staphylococcus aureus Human skin, nose, throat Direct contact, respiratory droplets Skin
(bacteria), specifically
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strains producing
exfoliative toxins

14. Scarlet Fever, Streptococcus pyogenes Human throat, nasal Respiratory droplets, direct contact Throat, skin, lymph nodes
(bacteria), specifically passages with infected persons or fomites
strains producing
erythrogenic toxins

15. Necrotizing Fasciitis
Various bacteria Soil, water, human skin, Entry through breaks in the skin, Fascial layers, soft tissues
including Streptococcus throat surgical wounds
pyogenes,
Staphylococcus aureus,
Clostridium species

16. Erysipelas Streptococcus pyogenes Human throat, nasal Respiratory droplets, direct contact Skin, lymphatic vessels
(bacteria) passages, skin with skin lesions

17. Dermatophytosis, Tinea Fungi (e.g., Humans, animals, soil Direct contact with infected skin or Skin, nails, hair
(“Ringworm”) Trichophyton, fomites
Microsporum,
Epidermophyton
species)

18. Otitis Externa, Ear Canal Pseudomonas Water, soil, human skin Contaminated water, trauma to the ear Ear canal, surrounding
Infection, Swimmer’s Ear aeruginosa, canal skin
Staphylococcus aureus,
fungi

19. Otitis Media, Middle Ear Streptococcus Human nasopharynx Respiratory droplets, direct contact Middle ear
Infection pneumoniae, with nasal secretions
Haemophilus influenzae,
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Moraxella catarrhalis
(bacteria)

20. Bacterial Conjunctivitis,
“Pinkeye”
Various bacteria Human respiratory tract, Direct contact with infected eye Conjunctiva
including skin, fomites secretions, contaminated surfaces
Staphylococcus aureus,
Streptococcus
pneumoniae,
Haemophilus influenzae

21. Chlamydial Chlamydia trachomatis Humans Direct contact with infected ocular Conjunctiva (the mucous
Conjunctivitis, Inclusion bacteria secretions or genital secretions (during membrane lining the inner
Conjunctivitis, birth) surface of the eyelids and
Paratrachoma the outer surface of the
eyeball)

22. Trachoma Chlamydia trachomatis Humans Direct contact with infected ocular or Eyes (conjunctiva)
(bacteria) nasal secretions, flies

23. Gonorrhea Neisseria gonorrhoeae Humans Sexual contact, vertical transmission Genital tract, throat, eyes,
(bacteria) (mother to newborn during childbirth) rectum

24. Common cold Various viruses (e.g., Humans Respiratory droplets, direct contact Upper respiratory tract
rhinovirus, coronavirus) with contaminated surfaces (nose, throat)

25. Diphtheria Corynebacterium Humans Respiratory droplets, direct contact Respiratory tract, skin
diphtheriae (bacteria) with infected respiratory secretions or
skin lesions

26. Streptococcal Streptococcus pyogenes Humans Respiratory droplets, direct contact Throat (pharynx), tonsils
Pharyngitis, Strep Throat (bacteria) with infected individuals or fomites
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27. Pneumonia Various bacteria (e.g., Humans, environment Respiratory droplets, aspiration of oral Lungs
Streptococcus secretions, inhalation of airborne
pneumoniae), viruses, pathogens
fungi

28. Acute, Febrile, Viral Various viruses (e.g., Humans Respiratory droplets, direct contact Upper and lower
Respiratory Disease adenovirus, respiratory with infected individuals or fomites respiratory tract
syncytial virus)

29. Avian Influenza (Bird Influenza A viruses, Birds, particularly poultry Direct contact with infected birds or Respiratory tract
Flu) primarily H5N1 and their droppings, consumption of
H7N9 subtypes contaminated poultry products

30. Hantavirus Pulmonary Hantaviruses, various Rodents, especially deer Inhalation of aerosolized virus from Lungs, cardiovascular
Syndrome(HPS) strains mice rodent urine, feces, or saliva system

31. Influenza, Flu Influenza viruses, Humans, animals (e.g., Respiratory droplets, direct contact Respiratory tract
primarily types A and B birds, pigs) with infected individuals or
contaminated surfaces

32. Severe Acute Respiratory SARS-CoV Bats, possibly other Respiratory droplets, close contact with Respiratory tract
Syndrome (SARS) (coronavirus) animals infected individuals

33. Legionellosis, Legionella pneumophila Natural and man-made Inhalation of aerosolized bacteria from Lungs, occasionally other
Legionnaire’s Disease, (bacteria) water sources (e.g., lakes, contaminated water sources organs
Pontiac Fever hot tubs, air conditioning
systems)

34. Mycoplasmal Mycoplasma Humans Respiratory droplets, close contact with Lungs
Pneumonia, Primary pneumoniae (bacteria) infected individuals
Atypical Pneumonia
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35. Tuberculosis Mycobacterium Humans Inhalation of airborne droplets Lungs, other organs (e.g.,
tuberculosis (bacteria) containing bacteria, close contact with kidneys, bones)
infected individuals

36. Whooping cough, Bordetella pertussis Humans Respiratory droplets, close contact with Respiratory tract
Pertussis (bacteria) infected individuals

37. Coccidioidomycosis Coccidioides fungi (e.g., Soil, particularly in arid Inhalation of fungal spores from soil Lungs, occasionally other
Coccidioides immitis, regions disturbance organs
Coccidioides posadasii)

38. Crytococcosis Cryptococcus Soil, bird droppings Inhalation of fungal spores, particularly Lungs, central nervous
neoformans, in immunocompromised individuals system
Cryptococcus gattii
(fungi)

39. Histoplasmosis Histoplasma capsulatum Soil contaminated with Inhalation of fungal spores from soil Lungs, occasionally other
(fungi) bird or bat droppings disturbance organs

40. Pneumocystis Pneumonia Pneumocystis jirovecii Ubiquitous in the Inhalation of airborne cysts or spores Lungs
(PCP), Interstitial (fungus) environment, particularly
Plasma- Cell Pneumonia soil

41. Dental Caries Acid-producing bacteria Human mouth Consumption of sugars, poor oral Teeth
(e.g., Streptococcus hygiene
mutans)

42. Acute Necrotizing Fusobacterium spp., Human mouth Poor oral hygiene, smoking, stress, Gums, oral mucosa
Ulcerative Gingivitis Prevotella spp., malnutrition
(ANUG), Vincent’s Treponema spp.
Angina, Trench Mouth (bacteria)
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43. Thrush Candida albicans Normal flora of the mouth, Overgrowth due to factors such as Oral mucosa, esophagus,
(fungus) gastrointestinal tract, and immunosuppression, antibiotic use genitals
vagina

44. Viral Gastroenteritis Various viruses (e.g., Humans, contaminated Fecal-oral route, contaminated food, Gastrointestinal tract
norovirus, rotavirus) food, water water, or surfaces

45. Hepatitis A Hepatitis A virus (HAV) Humans, contaminated Fecal-oral route, ingestion of Liver
food, water contaminated food or water

46. Hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus (HBV) Humans, blood, body Percutaneous or mucosal exposure to Liver
fluids infected blood or body fluids, sexual
contact

47. Hepatitis C Hepatitis C virus (HCV) Humans, blood Percutaneous exposure to infected Liver
blood, injection drug use, transfusions

48. Hepatitis D Hepatitis D virus (HDV) Humans Coinfection with HBV or Liver
superinfection in HBV carriers

49. Hepatitis E Hepatitis E virus (HEV) Humans, contaminated Fecal-oral route, ingestion of Liver
water, undercooked meat contaminated water or food

50. Hepatitis G Hepatitis G virus Humans, blood Percutaneous exposure to infected Liver
(HGV) blood, sexual contact

51. Bacterial Gastritis & Helicobacter pylori Humans Person-to-person, oral-oral or fecal-oral Stomach lining
Ulcers (bacteria) routes

52. Campylobacter Enteritis Campylobacter jejuni Animals (especially Ingestion of contaminated food or Intestinal tract
(bacteria) poultry), contaminated water, contact with infected animals or
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water, unpasteurized milk their feces

53. Cholera Vibrio cholerae Water, particularly Ingestion of contaminated water or Intestinal tract
(bacteria) brackish water and marine food, fecal-oral route
environments

54. Salmonellosis Salmonella spp. Animals (especially Ingestion of contaminated food or Intestinal tract
(bacteria) poultry, reptiles), water, contact with infected animals or
contaminated food, water, their feces
and surfaces

55. Enterohemorrhagic E.coli Escherichia coli Cattle, contaminated food Ingestion of contaminated food or Intestinal tract
(EHEC) Diarrhea O157:H7 and other (especially undercooked water, contact with infected animals or
shiga toxin-producing E. ground beef), water their feces
coli strains (bacteria)

56. Diarrhea Various causes including Humans, animals, Fecal-oral route, ingestion of Intestinal tract
bacterial, viral, and contaminated food, water, contaminated food or water, person-to-
parasitic infections and surfaces person contact

57. Urinary Tract Infections Various bacteria (e.g., Human urinary tract, fecal Ascending infection from the urethra, Urinary tract (bladder,
Escherichia coli, flora hematogenous spread, catheterization kidneys)
Klebsiella pneumoniae)

58. Anogenital Herpes Viral Herpes simplex virus Humans Sexual contact, direct contact with Anogenital area, mouth (in
Infection (Viral STD) type 1 (HSV-1), Herpes infected lesions case of HSV-1)
simplex virus type 2
(HSV-2)

59. Genital Warts, Genital Human papillomavirus Humans Sexual contact, direct contact with Genital area, anal area
Papillomatosis, (HPV), particularly infected genital skin or mucous
Condyloma Acuminatum
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(Viral STD) types 6 and 11 membranes

60. Genital Chlamydiasis Chlamydia trachomatis Humans Sexual contact, vertical transmission Genital tract, rectum, eyes
(Bacterial STD) (bacteria) (mother to newborn during childbirth) (in case of neonatal
infection)

61. Gonorrhea Neisseria gonorrhoeae Humans Sexual contact, vertical transmission Genital tract, throat, eyes,
(bacteria) (mother to newborn during childbirth) rectum

62. Syphilis Treponema pallidum Humans Sexual contact, vertical transmission Primary: Genital tract,
(bacteria) (mother to unborn child) secondary: Skin, mucous
membranes, tertiary:
Multiple organs including
brain, heart, nerves

63. Human Human Humans Sexual contact, exposure to infected Immune system (especially
Immunodeficiency Virus Immunodeficiency Virus blood or body fluids, vertical CD4+ T cells), various
(HIV) transmission (mother to child during organs in later stages of
childbirth or breastfeeding) infection

64. Mononucleosis or Epstein-Barr virus Humans Saliva, close contact Lymphatic system, throat
“Kissing Disease” (EBV)

65. Mumps, Infectious Mumps virus Humans Respiratory droplets, direct contact Parotid glands, salivary
Parotitis with saliva or respiratory secretions glands, other organs in
severe cases

66. Viral Hemorrhagic Various viruses (e.g., Animals (e.g., bats, Direct contact with infected bodily Multiple organs, leading
Fevers Ebola virus, Marburg rodents), humans fluids, aerosols, or contaminated to systemic hemorrhage
virus) surfaces and organ failure

67. Rocky Mountain Spotted Rickettsia rickettsii Ticks Tick bites Endothelial cells lining
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Fever, Typhus Fever (bacteria) blood vessels

68. Endemic Typhus Fever, Rickettsia typhi Rodents, especially rats, Flea bites, contact with infected feces Endothelial cells lining
Fleaborne Typhus (bacteria) and their fleas or tissues blood vessels

69. Epidemic Typhus Fever, Rickettsia prowazekii Humans, body lice Louse bites, contact with infected feces Endothelial cells lining
Louseborne Typhus (bacteria) or tissues blood vessels

70. Ehrlichiosis Various species of Ticks Tick bites White blood cells
Ehrlichia bacteria (e.g., (leukocytes)
Ehrlichia chaffeensis)

71. Lyme Disease, Lyme Borrelia burgdorferi Ticks, especially Ixodes Tick bites Skin, joints, heart, nervous
Borreliosis bacteria (spirochetes) ticks system

72. “Black Death”, Bubonic Yersinia pestis bacteria Rodents, especially rats, Flea bites (bubonic plague), respiratory Lymph nodes (bubonic
Plague, Pneumonic and their fleas droplets (pneumonic plague) plague), lungs (pneumonic
Plague plague)

73. Tularemia, Rabbit Fever Francisella tularensis Rodents, rabbits, other Insect bites (especially ticks and deer Skin, lymph nodes, lungs
bacteria small mammals flies), handling infected animals,
inhalation of aerosolized bacteria

74. Lymphocytic Lymphocytic Rodents, especially house Inhalation of aerosolized virus, direct Brain, spinal cord,
Choriomeningitis choriomeningitis virus mice contact with rodent urine, droppings, or meninges
(LCMV) saliva

75. Poliomyelitis, Polio, Poliovirus Humans Fecal-oral route, respiratory droplets Nervous system (spinal
Infantile Paralysis cord and brain)

76. Rabies Rabies virus Various mammals (e.g., Animal bites, scratches, or contact with Nervous system (brain and
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dogs, bats, raccoons) infected saliva spinal cord)

77. Viral Encephalitis Various viruses (e.g., Birds, mammals, Mosquito bites Brain
West Nile virus, mosquitoes (vector)
Japanese encephalitis
virus)

78. Listeriosis Listeria monocytogenes Soil, water, animals, and Ingestion of contaminated food Gastrointestinal tract,
bacteria humans (especially dairy (especially unpasteurized dairy bloodstream, central
and food processing products, deli meats, and soft cheeses) nervous system
environments)

79. Tetanus, Lockjaw Clostridium tetani Soil, dust, and animal feces Introduction of spores into the body Nervous system (causing
bacteria through wounds or breaks in the skin muscle stiffness and
spasms)

80. Botulism Clostridium botulinum Soil, dust, and animal Ingestion of preformed toxin in Nervous system (causing
bacteria, producing intestines contaminated food (especially paralysis)
botulinum toxin improperly canned foods) or wound
botulism (rare)

81. Bacterial meningitis Various bacteria (e.g., Humans, nasopharynx Respiratory droplets, direct contact Meninges (lining of the
Streptococcus with respiratory secretions brain and spinal cord)
pneumoniae, Neisseria
meningitidis)

82. Cryptococcal Meningitis Cryptococcus Environment (soil, bird Inhalation of fungal spores Meninges, brain
neoformans fungus droppings)

83. African Sleeping Trypanosoma brucei Humans, animals (tsetse Bite of infected tsetse fly Central nervous system,
Sickness parasites (T. brucei flies act as vectors) bloodstream
gambiense and T. brucei
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rhodesiense)

84. Brucellosis Brucella bacteria (e.g., Domestic and wild Direct contact with infected animals or Lymph nodes, spleen,
Brucella melitensis, animals (e.g., cattle, goats, consumption of contaminated dairy liver, bone marrow
Brucella abortus) pigs) products

85. Tularemia Francisella tularensis Rodents, rabbits, ticks, and Insect bites (especially ticks and deer Skin, lymph nodes, lungs
bacteria other animals flies), handling infected animals,
inhalation of aerosolized bacteria

86. Cytomegalovirus Cytomegalovirus Humans, bodily fluids Close contact with infected individuals, Various organs, including
(CMV) (e.g., saliva, urine, blood) sexual contact, organ transplantation, salivary glands, liver,
vertical transmission (mother to fetus) spleen, lungs, brain

87. Yellow Fever Yellow fever virus Primarily monkeys (in Bite of infected mosquitoes (Aedes Liver, kidneys, heart,
tropical forests), humans aegypti) blood vessels

88. Malaria Plasmodium parasites Humans, female Bite of infected mosquitoes Liver (during initial
(e.g., Plasmodium Anopheles mosquitoes stages), red blood cells
falciparum, Plasmodium (vector)
vivax)

89. Chagas Disease Trypanosoma cruzi Wild and domestic animals Bite of infected triatomine bugs, Heart, digestive system,
parasite (especially rodents), congenital transmission, blood nervous system
triatomine bugs (vector) transfusion, organ transplantation

90. Schistosomiasis Schistosoma parasites Freshwater snails Contact with contaminated freshwater Intestinal tract, liver,
(e.g., Schistosoma (intermediate hosts), (e.g., swimming, bathing) urinary tract
mansoni, Schistosoma humans (definitive hosts)
haematobium)

91. Legionnaires disease Legionella pneumophila Natural and man-made Inhalation of aerosolized bacteria from Lungs, occasionally other
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bacteria water sources (e.g., cooling contaminated water sources organs

towers, hot tubs)

92. Hantavirus Pulmonary Hantaviruses (various Rodents (especially deer Inhalation of aerosolized virus from Lungs, cardiovascular
Syndrome strains) mice) rodent urine, feces, or saliva system

93. Blastomycosis Blastomyces Soil, particularly in Inhalation of fungal spores Lungs, skin, other organs
dermatitidis fungus wooded areas with
decaying vegetation

94. Giardiasis Giardia lamblia parasite Humans, an Ingestion of contaminated food or Intestinal tract
water (containing cysts)
Genital tract

imals

95. Amebiasis Entamoeba histolytica Humans, contaminated Ingestion of cysts from contaminated Intestinal tract, liver, other
parasite food, water, and surfaces food or water organs

96. Bacterial vaginosis Various bacteria (e.g., Human vagina Sexual activity, disruption of vaginal Vagina
Gardnerella vaginalis) flora

97. Trichomoniasis Trichomonas vaginalis Humans Sexual contact

parasite

98. Chancroid Haemophilus ducreyi Humans Sexual contact Genital tract

bacteria

99. Erythema infecsiosum Parvovirus B19 virus Humans Respiratory droplets, vertical Skin, bone marrow
transmission (mother to fetus)

100. Mycetomas Various fungi (e.g., Soil Penetration of skin by contaminated Skin, soft tissues
Madurella mycetomatis),
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bacteria (e.g., objects

Actinomadura madurae)