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திட்டச் சுருக்கம்
குறைக்கவும் பயன்படுத்தப்படுகின்றன..
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CONTENT
திட்ட ச் சுருக்கம் iv
CONTENT v
LIST OF FIGURES viii
LIST OF TABLES ix
ABBREVIATIONS x
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Project Outline 2
1.3 Objective 2
1.4 Project work Chapter Organization 3
2 LITERATURE SURVEY 3
3 EXISTING SYSTEM 3
4 PROPOSED SYSTEM 4
5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4
6 CONCLUSION 4
2 Literature Review 5
3 EXISTING AND PROPOSED SYSTEM 7
3.1 Existing System 7
3.1.1 Disadvantage of Existing System 7
3.2 Proposed System 8
3.2.1 Advantage of Proposed System 9
3.3 Application 9
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4 SYSTEM FUNCTION 10
4.1 Block Diagram 10
4.1.1 Block Diagram Explanation 11
4.2 Simulink Diagram 12
4.3 Hardware Circuit Diagram 13
5 REQUIRED COMPONENTS AND 14
SPECIFICATIONS
5.1 Fuel Cell 14
5.1.1 Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell 18
5.2 Microcontroller-ATMEGA 8 19
5.2.1 Pin Configurations 20
5.3 Battery 24
5.3.1 Principle of Operations 25
5.4 Pulse Width Modulation 27
5.4.1 Analog Circuit 27
5.4.2 Digital Control 28
5.4.3 Hardware Controller 29
5.4.4 Communication and Control 30
5.5 DC-DC Converter 31
5.6 Software 36
5.7 EEPROM 39
5.8 Inverter 41
5.9 Power Supply Regulator 43
5.10 Optocoupler 44
5.11 Filter Circuit 47
5.12 Multimeter 48
6 RESULT AND DISCUSSION 49
7 CONCLUSION 51
REFERENCE 52
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LIST OF FIGURES
vii
FIGURE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO
4.1 Block Diagram of Hybrid Fuel Cell-Solar 10
Turbine System
4.2 Simulink Diagram 12
4.3 Circuit Diagram 13
5.1 Pin Diagram 20
5.2 ATMEL ATmega8 in 28 Pin Narrow DIP 36
5.3 ATMEL ATxmega128A1 in 100 Pin TQFP 38
Package
5.4 Inverter Circuit 41
6.1 Dc Grid Waveform 50
6.2 AC Grid Waveform 50
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LIST OF TABLES
viii
TABLE NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO
5.2 Microcontroller Features 19
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ABBREVIATIONS
PV Photovoltaic Cell
PFS Power Forming System
PEMFG Proton exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
AVR Automatic Voltage Regulator
IC Integrated Circuit
IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
PWM Pulse Width Modulation
MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor