COMBINED FLOW REACTOR

Aim: Study of kinetics of reaction between sodium hydroxide and ethyl acetate in combine flow reactor

Glassware’s required
250 ml conical flask: 2 No., Measuring cylinders: 2 No., 250 ml Beaker: 2 No., Burette: 1 No.

Precautions
1) Due to air packet in recirculation pipe from overhead tank, sometime overhead tank overflows, check for smooth
recirculation time to time. If it overflows switch off the corresponding pump buttons and again switch on.
2) Keep watch on rotametres reading, adjust constant flow value if it fluctuates

General Observations
1) Make sure that all the switches on reactor board are off and both rotametres valves are closed properly, ball valve
below the reactor is in closed position
2) Switch on the power from power supply board
3) Switch on mains switch (red color knob) on reactor board.
4) Switch on pump 1 and pump 2 buttons on reactor board, observe the liquid level in both overhead tanks, and
check liquid is smoothly recalculating back to respective storage tanks
5) Switch on agitator reactor button and adjust the speed at 80 point level

Volume of Reactors
PFR: 0.69 liters
CSTR: 1.91 liters

Experimental procedure

Note: Fill in appropriate values in box colored yellow in excel file, the final end point is at bottom in sheet in
same excel file need to used for calculations

1) Prepare 20 liter each of NaOH and Ethyl Acetate solution of given concentration given in table corresponding to
your roll number
2) Explain with calculation in detail how to prepare 20 liter each of NaOH and Ethyl Acetate solution of given
concentration given in table at SN 5 corresponding to your roll number
3) Adjust the flow rate of the two streams NaOH and Ethyl Acetate solution using both rotameter valves at flow rate
given in table corresponding to your roll number , wait for sufficient time to attain the steady state.
4) Prepare 500 ml of standard 0.1 N HCl and 0.1 N NaOH
5) Take 20 ml sample from CSTR, add it to conical flask having 20 ml, 0.1 N HCL, and add few drops of
phenolphthalein indicator titrate mixture with 0.1 N NaOH from burette. Note the end point of titration at color
change.
6) Take 20 ml sample from PFR, add it to conical flask having 20 ml, 0.1 N HCL, and add few drops of
phenolphthalein indicator titrate mixture with 0.1 N NaOH from burette. Note the end point of titration at color
change.
7) Stop the both flows using rotameter valves, and drain both reactors using ball valve provided below both reactors.
8) Repeat all the steps for all reading SN1 to SN30 given in table corresponding to your roll number

Closing instructions
Drain both the reactors and closes ball valve provided below both reactors.
Switch off all the switches on reactor board and switch off main power supply
Wash all glassware’s and return back

Prepare observation table in following format

Burette end point

SN CA0' CB0' νA νB CA0 CB0 τ PFR τ CSTR V PFR V CSTR
1
2
…

Complete your write-up including all below points

1. Aim
2. Apparatus
3. Figure
4. Theory

Explain the theory of combine flow reactor in detail. Give theoretical derivation concluding essentially

𝐶𝐵 0 −𝐶𝐴 0
1) Graphical plot of 𝜏 𝐶𝐵0 − 𝐶𝐴0 VS 𝑙𝑛 +1 can be used for estimation of kinetics constant in PFR
𝐶𝐴 1
𝐶𝐴 1 −𝐶𝐴 2
2) Graphical plot of 𝜏 VS can be used for estimation of kinetics constant in CSTR
𝐶𝐴 2 𝐶𝐵 2

Where 𝐶𝐴0 , 𝐶𝐵0 is initial concentration of NaOH and ethyl acetate and 𝐶𝐴0 ≠ 𝐶𝐵0

𝐶𝐴1 , 𝐶𝐵1 is concentration of NaOH and ethyl acetate after PFR

𝐶𝐴2 , 𝐶𝐵2 is concentration of NaOH and ethyl acetate after CSTR

Simplify above description and derivation for 𝐶𝐴0 = 𝐶𝐵0

5. Glassware’s required
6. Precautions
7. General Observations
8. Volume of Reactors
9. Experimental procedure
10. Closing instructions
11. Calculation table in following format

Burette end point Calculated rate constant value

SN CA0 CB0 τ PFR τ CSTR V PFR V CSTR CA1 CB1 CA2 CB2 k PFR k CSTR
1
2
…

Also draw appropriate graph and report graphically estimated valued rate constant value for both CSTR and PFR

12. Conclusion