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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
2) weight of an object 2)
A) Vector B) Scalar
Draw a sketch to represent each of the following vectors. Refer to the vectors pictured here.
5) 3d 5)
A) B)
6) -b 6)
A) B)
7) c + d 7)
A) B)
8) b + c 8)
A) B)
9) b - c 9)
A) B)
10) d - a 10)
A) B)
11) c - d 11)
A) B)
1
1
12) a 12)
2
A) B)
13) a + (c + d) 13)
A) B)
14) a + d 14)
A) B)
16) One rope pulls a barge directly east with a force of 90 newtons, and another rope pulls the barge 16)
directly north with a force of 65 newtons. Find the magnitude of the resultant force acting on the
barge.
A) 155 newtons B) 5850 newtons C) 111 newtons D) 25 newtons
17) Starting at point A, a ship sails 34 km on a bearing of 236°, then turns and sails 56 km on a bearing 17)
of 295°. Find the distance of the ship from point A.
A) 79 km B) 90 km C) 135 km D) 45 km
18) A hot-air balloon is rising vertically 10 ft/sec while the wind is blowing horizontally at 6 ft/sec. 18)
Find the angle that the balloon makes with the horizontal.
A) 47.3° B) 59° C) 31° D) 57°
Find the horizontal and vertical components of the vector shown in the given figure.
19) The magnitude of the vector is 303. 19)
2
20) The magnitude of the vector is 100. 20)
Determine the indicated component or components of the vector. Round to an appropriate number of significant digits.
23) Magnitude = 45.1, θ = 52.5° 23)
Find the horizontal component of V.
A) 63.3 B) 35.8 C) 27.5 D) 8.3
3
25) Magnitude = 12.0, θ = 62.1° 25)
Find the horizontal and vertical components of V.
A) -5.6, -10.6 B) -10.6, -5.6 C) 10.6, 5.6 D) 5.6, 10.6
30) A basketball player shoots the ball with a velocity of 15.4 ft/s at an angle of 31.8° with the 30)
horizontal. To the nearest tenth, find the magnitude of the vertical component of the resultant
vector.
A) 13.1 ft/s B) 6.6 ft/s C) 4.1 ft/s D) 8.1 ft/s
31) A skier is heading downhill at a speed of 15 mph. The slope of the hill makes an angle of 42.5° with 31)
the horizon. To the nearest tenth, what are the components of her velocity?
A) -41.1 mph, -11 mph B) 11.1 mph, 10.1 mph
C) -11.1 mph, -10.1 mph D) 41.1 mph, 11 mph
32) A skeet shooter starts parallel to the horizon, rotates 134° counterclockwise and fires a skeet at 4.1 32)
mph. To the nearest tenth, what are the components of the skeet's velocity?
A) -133.7 mph, -9.6 mph B) 2.9 mph, -2.8 mph
C) -2.9 mph, 2.8 mph D) 133.7 mph, 9.6 mph
Vectors A and B are at right angles. Find the magnitude and direction (from vector A) of the resultant.
33) A = 18.8 33)
B = 35
A) R = 39.7, θ = 61.8° B) R = 39.7, θ = 28.2°
C) R = 7.3, θ = 28.2° D) R = 7.3, θ = 61.8°
4
With the given set of components, find R and θ.
35) Rx = 1.0, Ry = 4.0 35)
A) R = 5.0, θ = 76° B) R = 5.0, θ = 260°
C) R = 4.1, θ = 76° D) R = 4.1, θ = 260°
Add the given vectors by using the trigonometric functions and the Pythagorean theorem.
39) A = 27, θ = 169 ° 39)
B = 28, θ = 240 °
A) R = 45, θ = 25° B) R = 45, θ = 205° C) R = 45, θ = 245° D) R = 8, θ = 205°
5
45) A = 103, θa = 160° 45)
B = 193, θb = 180°
A) R = 218.8, θ = 61.9° B) R = 291.9, θ = 173.1°
C) R = 291.9, θ = -6.9° D) R = 218.8, θ = 173.1°
261
207
30.8° 31.6°
34.7°
129
47) 47)
22.4
28.7°
36.4°
13.5 72.4°
28.3
6
48) 48)
1900
1500
28°
66°
19°
1200
49) 49)
16.4
57.4°
20.5°
12.4
19.2°
22.7
A) R = 49.5, θ = 208.5° B) R = 17.7, θ = 222.7°
C) R = 22.7, θ = 42.7° D) R = 49.5, θ = 28.5°
7
50) 50)
303
55.5°
32.7° 48.0°
145
219
51) 51)
2200
1100
29°
54°
29°
1500
8
Solve the problem.
52) Three forces act on a bolt as shown in the figure. Find the resultant force. 52)
2500 lb
1500 lb
23°
55°
15°
1300 lb
53) A ship sails as shown in the diagram. Find its displacement from its original position. 53)
12.0°
51.9 km
60.0 km
20.4°
53.5 km
18.4°
9
54) A ship sails as shown in the diagram. Find its displacement from its original position. 54)
23.1°
63.9 mi
79.8 mi
17.1°
14.0°
58.9 mi
55) Two forces of 548 newtons and 280 newtons act at a point. The resultant force is 632 newtons. Find 55)
the angle between the forces.
A) 93.9° B) 163.3° C) 89.3° D) 86.1°
56) A force of 568 lb is required to pull a boat up a ramp inclined at 19° with the horizontal. How 56)
much does the boat weigh?
A) 1745 lb B) 2282 lb C) 537 lb D) 549 lb
57) Starting at point A, a ship sails 39 km on a bearing of 215°, then turns and sails 52 km on a bearing 57)
of 299°. Find the distance of the ship from point A. (Note that bearings are measured from north,
clockwise.)
A) 29 km B) 68 km C) 91 km D) 120 km
58) The magnitudes and directions of two forces acting on an object are given. Find the magnitude of 58)
the resultant to the nearest tenth.
36.8 lb; 16.0° W of N
and
101.1 lb; 58.3° W of S
A) 87.9 lb B) 125.0 lb C) 97.8 lb D) 77.9 lb
59) The magnitudes and directions of two forces acting on an object are given. Find the magnitude of 59)
the resultant to the nearest tenth.
186.6 lb; 23.3° E of N
and
109.6 lb; 69.0° W of S
A) 258.3 lb B) 220.2 lb C) 177.7 lb D) 135.1 lb
60) A plane is heading due south with an airspeed of 241 mph. A wind from a direction of 53.0° is 60)
blowing at 14.0 mph. Find the bearing of the plane. (Note that bearings are measured from north,
clockwise.) Round results to an appropriate number of significant digits.
A) 87° B) 92° C) 183° D) 178°
10
61) Determine the resultant effect of three people pulling on a car as shown in the 61)
drawing.
62) Starting at point A, a ship sails 50 km on a bearing of 195°, then turns and sails 61 km on a bearing 62)
of 315°. Find the distance of the ship from point A. (Note that bearings are measured from north,
clockwise.) Round results to an appropriate number of significant digits.
A) 111 km B) 56 km C) 117 km D) 6 km
63) A plane is heading due south with an airspeed of 230 mph. A wind from a direction of 56.0° is 63)
blowing at 13.0 mph. Find the bearing of the plane. (Note that bearings are measured from north,
clockwise.) Round results to an appropriate number of significant digits.
A) 178° B) 183° C) 92° D) 87°
64) An airplane flies on a compass heading of 90.0° at 440 mph. The wind affecting the plane is 64)
blowing from 302° at 42.0 mph. What is the true course and ground speed of the airplane? Round
results to an appropriate number of significant digits.
A) 93°, 476 mph B) 93°, 462 mph C) 86°, 477 mph D) 86°, 464 mph
65) Two forces of 684 N and 195 N act at a point. The resultant force is 754 N. Find the angle between 65)
the forces.
A) 76.4° B) 163.0° C) 166.0° D) 103.6°
66) A force of 579 lb is required to pull a boat up a ramp inclined at 22.0° with the horizontal. How 66)
much does the boat weigh?
A) 2090 lb B) 557 lb C) 1550 lb D) 537 lb
67) One rope pulls a barge directly east with a force of 68 N, and another rope pulls the barge directly 67)
north with a force of 47 N. Find the magnitude of the resultant force acting on the barge.
A) 3200 N B) 115 N C) 83 N D) 21 N
68) One rope pulls a barge directly east with a force of 44 N, and another rope pulls the barge directly 68)
north with a force of 53 N. Find the magnitude of the resultant force acting on the barge.
A) 9 N B) 69 N C) 2332 N D) 97 N
11
70) Two forces, of 16.1 and 47.6 lb, forming an angle of 91.7°, act at a point in the plane. Find the 70)
magnitude of the resultant force.
A) 50.7 lb B) 49.8 lb C) 800 lb D) 63.7 lb
71) A basketball player shoots the ball with a velocity of 16.2 ft/s at an angle of 36.7° with the 71)
horizontal. To the nearest tenth, find the magnitude of the horizontal component of the resultant
vector.
A) 6.5 ft/s B) 4.9 ft/s C) 13 ft/s D) 9.7 ft/s
72) A basketball player shoots the ball with a velocity of 12.1 ft/s at an angle of 38.2° with the 72)
horizontal. To the nearest tenth, find the magnitude of the vertical component of the resultant
vector.
A) 9.5 ft/s B) 3.8 ft/s C) 7.5 ft/s D) 4.8 ft/s
73) What is the minimum force required to prevent a ball weighing 19.0 lb from rolling down a ramp 73)
which is inclined 21.0° with the horizontal?
A) 3.4 lb B) 17.7 lb C) 8.9 lb D) 6.8 lb
74) What is the force of a steel ball weighing 17.7 lb against a ramp which is inclined 19.6° with the 74)
horizontal?
A) 8.4 lb B) 16.7 lb C) 3 lb D) 5.9 lb
12
79) B = 41.5° 79)
b = 10.60
a = 23.74
A) A = 39.25°, C = 99.25°, c = 34.34 B) No solution
C) A = 37.25°, C = 101.25°, c = 31.34 D) A = 40.25°, C = 100.25°, c = 35.84
84) A guy wire to a tower makes a 74° angle with level ground. At a point 35 ft farther from the tower 84)
than the wire but on the same side of the base as the wire, the angle of elevation to the top of the
pole is 39°. Find the wire length (to the nearest foot).
A) 76 ft B) 38 ft C) 43 ft D) 81 ft
85) Points A and B are on opposite sides of a lake. A point C is 102.9 meters from A. The measure of 85)
angle BAC is 75°30', and the measure of angle ACB is determined to be 37°10'. Find the distance
between points A and B (to the nearest meter).
A) 67 m B) 65 m C) 32 m D) 34 m
86) Two tracking stations are on an east-west line 146 miles apart. A weather balloon is located on a 86)
direction of 37° E of N from the western station and a direction of 20°E of N from the eastern
station. How far is the balloon from the western station?
A) 419 miles B) 469 miles C) 478 miles D) 410 miles
13
87) To find the distance AB across a river, a distance BC = 1151 m is laid off on one side of the river. It 87)
is found that B = 112.2° and C = 16.4°. Find AB.
A) 419 m B) 416 m C) 327 m D) 324 m
88) A tree grows vertically on the side of a hill that slopes upward from the horizontal by 9.7°. When 88)
the angle of elevation of the sun measures 35.7°, the shadow of the tree falls 56.2 ft down the hill.
How tall is the tree? Round to an appropriate number of significant digits.
A) 30.3 ft B) 11.7 ft C) 194.6 ft D) 40.4 ft
Find the missing parts of the triangle. (Find angles to the nearest hundredth of a degree.)
92) a = 7.5 92)
b = 13.3
c = 16.0
A) No triangle satisfies the given conditions. B) A = 25.75°, B = 55.66°, C = 98.59°
C) A = 29.75°, B = 53.66°, C = 96.59° D) A = 27.75°, B = 55.66°, C = 96.59°
94) A guy wire to a tower makes a 69° angle with level ground. At a point 40 ft farther from the tower 94)
than the wire but on the same side as the base of the wire, the angle of elevation to the top of the
tower is 30°. Find the wire length (nearest ft).
A) 69 ft B) 37 ft C) 64 ft D) 32 ft
95) Points A and B are on opposite sides of a lake. A point C is 90.8 meters from A. The measure of 95)
angle BAC is 70°30', and the measure of angle ACB is determined to be 36°50'. Find the distance
between points A and B (to the nearest meter).
A) 27 m B) 57 m C) 29 m D) 55 m
14
96) An airplane leaves an airport and flies due west 180 miles and then 250 miles in the direction 190° 96)
20'. Assuming the earth is flat, how far is the plane from the airport at this time (to the nearest
mile)?
A) 398 mi B) 418 mi C) 388 mi D) 428 mi
97) Two points A and B are on opposite sides of a building. A surveyor chooses a third point C 77 yd 97)
from B and 97 yd from A, with angle ACB measuring 61.9°. How far apart are A and B (to the
nearest yard)?
A) 109 yd B) 118 yd C) 91 yd D) 100 yd
15
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED9
1) B
2) B
3) B
4) B
5) A
6) B
7) A
8) A
9) B
10) A
11) A
12) B
13) B
14) B
15) C
16) C
17) A
18) B
19) A
20) D
21) B
22) A
23) C
24) D
25) D
26) D
27) D
28) C
29) B
30) D
31) B
32) D
33) A
34) B
35) C
36) A
37) C
38) B
39) B
40) D
41) A
42) D
43) A
44) B
45) B
46) A
47) C
48) C
49) B
50) B
16
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED9
51) A
52) C
53) A
54) A
55) D
56) A
57) B
58) C
59) D
60) C
61) B
62) B
63) B
64) A
65) A
66) C
67) C
68) B
69) B
70) B
71) C
72) C
73) D
74) B
75) B
76) C
77) C
78) D
79) B
80) A
81) A
82) C
83) D
84) B
85) A
86) B
87) B
88) A
89) B
90) A
91) B
92) D
93) A
94) D
95) B
96) D
97) C
17
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is all. I hope you are satisfied. Let us go away again. You ought
really to give us some more dollars for what we have done.’ There
was, however, really next to nothing to see. In the darkness I could
just make out the tabernacle inside the holy of holies. It was a kind of
ark, covered with cheap draperies and surmounted by a crucifix. A
few lanterns lay about. That was all. At any rate, that was all that we
could induce the priest to show us.”[149]
Mr. Hormuzd Rassam has given a sketch of a tabot in his book,
with the following description: “The tabot is a square block of wood
on which the emblem of the cross, with some appropriate passage of
Scripture, is sometimes represented. No church can be consecrated
without it, and in the church from which it has been removed the
Lord’s Supper cannot be celebrated. It is placed upon the altar in the
centre of the holy of holies, and by the ignorant clergy is regarded
with as much veneration as the consecrated elements.”[150]
Annually, on the eve of the festival which commemorates Christ’s
baptism, the tabot is carried out of the church by the chief officiating
priest, “and left all night covered in a tent or hut erected for the
purpose near a stream or pool. At daybreak the following morning it
is taken to the water, and after being sprinkled with a few drops is
again enveloped in the church-cloth, and replaced under the tent
until the time arrives for its formal restoration to the church—a grand
religious ceremony, accompanied with singing of psalms and
dancing.” In this recessional solemnity, which Mr. Rassam saw, “the
priests led the way, bearing various sacred symbols, and chanting
psalms all the while, followed by a train of about three hundred men
and a score of damsels, all dancing, singing, and screeching as they
went.”[151]
The appearance of Abyssinian churches has already been alluded
to, but the following general description, given by Major Harris, may
serve to bring the principles of their construction clearly before the
reader. “There are, perhaps, more churches in Abyssinia than in any
other part of the Christian world; and he who has erected one
believes that he has atoned for every sin. But even the best are very
miserable edifices of wattle plastered with mud, only to be
distinguished from the surrounding hovels by a thin coating of
whitewash, which is dashed over the outside to point with the finger
of pride to the peculiar privilege of the two great powers in the land.
Circular in form, with a door to each quarter of the compass, and a
conical thatch, they have an apex surmounted by a brazen cross,
which is usually adorned with ostrich eggs; and the same depraved
and heathenish taste pervades the decorations of the interior.
Sculpture is strictly forbidden; but the walls are bedaubed with
paintings of the patron saint of the church, the Blessed Virgin, and a
truly incongruous assemblage of cherubim and fallen angels, with
the evil one himself enveloped in hell flames. Timbrels and crutches
depend in picturesque confusion from the bare rafters of the roof,
and no ceiling protects the head from the descent of the lizard and
the spider.”[152] Mr. Hormuzd Rassam has given a sketch of the
ground plan of an Abyssinian church, showing the entrances and
“courts.”[153] According to him “the outer enclosure is for the
congregation generally, male and female, the former occupying the
western portion, and praying with their faces towards the east; the
latter standing opposite to them and facing the west.”[154]
The “crutches” mentioned by Major Harris astonished Mr. Vivian
at a later date. He saw them in a monastery, and “imagined they had
been contributed by lame people, to whom the saint of the place had
restored the use of their legs. As a matter of fact, however, they were
merely the crutches which every priest uses in the ritual of the
dance.”[155] The manner in which these singular adjuncts of the
priestly office are employed has been described by Mr. Vivian. He
attended a service at Trinity Church in Addis Abiba, and has given a
very interesting account of the ceremonies. At a certain stage “all the
priests grasp their long crutches and go through a kind of gymnastic
exercise, which reminds me of the use of spears at a Somali dance.
The crutches are five feet long, and must, I imagine, have originally
taken their origin from spears, adapted for civilian use. The tops are
either of ivory or brass, some of them elaborately carved. . . . One
priest acts as conductor, and the others imitate his movements, all
singing loudly through their noses. . . . The crutches are held in the
middle and darted at the ground, now near, now far, with a forward
movement made by slightly bending the right knee. It is as though
spears were being poised and aimed playfully at objects on the floor.
The crutches are then lifted, crook end up, a foot into the air, they
are poised, they are swung, with ever-increasing vigour. All of a
sudden the whole exercise ceases without any warning
whatever.”[156]
Major Harris wrote, with regard to certain other clerical functions
—“The Father Confessor is bound to the strictest secrecy; and it is
believed that on this point a dread oath is taken before ordination,
when all the mysteries are expounded by the Abouna, and especially
those which have reference to the preparation of bread for the holy
supper. In a small house styled Bethlehem,[157] which rises
immediately behind every church, the mysterious ceremony is
performed. The deacon can alone bake the cake; and the most
vigilant guard is invariably preserved against the approach or
intrusion of females or other improper visitors during the hour of
solemn preparation.”[158]
The first appendix to Vol. III. of Major Harris’s book contains a list
of the sacred writings used by the Abyssinian Church. These
include, inter alia—
The Old Testament.
The four gospels with readings, and all the other books of the New Testament.
Genset. A book used in funeral solemnities, ascribed to Athanasius, and stated to
have been discovered by Helena at the digging out of the Holy Cross.
Retna Haimanot. The orthodox faith.
Henoch. The prophecies of Enoch.
Gadela Tekla Haimanot. Life of Tekla Haimanot. (And the lives of many other
saints.)
Synodos. Canons of the Church, attributed to the Apostles.
Sena Febrak. History of the Creation; containing certain fabulous traditions
concerning the Creation and the Antediluvian world, said to have been
communicated to Moses on Mount Sinai, but not recorded in the Book of
Genesis.
Tamera Mariam. Miracles of the Holy Virgin, wrought during her sojourn in
Abyssinia, where she is said to have tarried three years and six months with the
infant Jesus, before her return to Palestine.
Nagara Mariam. Words of the Holy Virgin.
Ardeet. Words said to have been spoken by Christ before his ascension.
Kedasie. Liturgy of the Abyssinian Church.
Gadela Adam. History of Adam.
Auda Negest. Book for prognostication.
Kufalik. Mysteries revealed to Moses on Mount Sinai, not written in the
Pentateuch.
Serata beita Chrestian. Institutions of the Christian Church.
Degwa. Book of anthems, in which all the pieces of the liturgy that are chanted are
set to music by St. Yareed, a native of Simien, who lived thirteen centuries ago
and is believed to live still.
Lefafa Zedik. Prayers and spells against evil spirits and diseases, a book much
esteemed, and buried along with the corpse.
Zalota Musa. Prayers of Moses against the influence of evil spirits.
Melka Michael. Prayers to St. Michael.
Mazafa Tomar. A letter which Christ is said to have written.
Germama. Prayers to frighten evil spirits.
Fekaric Yasoos. Christ’s prophecy of the consummation of the world.
Haimanot Abao. Doctrines of the Abyssinian Church, comprising extracts from the
Holy Scriptures, from synods, councils, and writings of the Fathers.
Gelota Monakosat. Prayers of the monks.
Felekisus. Book on monastic subjects.
Gadela Yob. Life of Job.
Raia Miriam. Dream of the Holy Virgin.
Gadela Samoetal. Lives of the martyrs.