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  • PSA UNIT 1 NOTES V2

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    TENDULKAR KUPPANAGARI
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    7 views21 pages

    PSA UNIT 1 NOTES V2

    Uploaded by

    TENDULKAR KUPPANAGARI
    Okay !

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    power £ypten Wnalyete eet ee : vate I om peroure 74 Cmal Your poration . ratiugs i t# Alpaca operates yettages and. Nese ’ elements fu the ponder ¢ Ten te parece. mitts a es the secdontsl sgetom That al cyctent Mato pase MVA aud converts’ the tebe Be bate Ky ond cyte + ar per cute _g per uule cgcten ts tke vatio between aceual value te the base yalue- pur aeewual value ae fase value Zpu = Z2 , tp Zb~ Zpus Za b al ale 6b = teIp =za Sb q,- 6b Vb Ve Ve Zpu=Za(aAnt Ms (tv)* X pu = X(0)r MA [Pye | 1) AWerator Lared as Soman, WEY reactance fe 5D fheactancle, calculate tKe per une yalue F a) Koc mvA =50 Kv= u Xpu = 5% fo__ wa / xpu= 2-05] yo anks, 2) the alternator ated as 1omvs, RY, 1 AMIE calculate ame alternator Feactance fy» ” A) Xpu = A RMA ' = (ky)> He eo) yt OM. 3) Altervnator vated as 250MVA, 132KY, eae peronit. calculate the peruwrt value oF alterraty, At S0OMVA aud 22kV. A) ig = XW)_MyA (EV> = y 280 250 ae (132) erie 250 X= 1 Hp2y-L- Xpu = prqgey x $02 PU Beate Re Xpo= tre (@) Old +250 Mvp 1B 2EV Xpu = 2S~ New —y S90 MYA B2EV xpua? Xpu od _ XL) y MYA od Xpu uew K [end MVA new (AV new)” Xpu Mew = Xpu Old x HVA nes MVAnew ye Klaud_ KV oa — MYA od | EVne 2 ' Ypnew = rex BO y (ea ja 252 2 x(x = KES = 22 Xpo new = 1 diternator raced as 20mV4, [22k HEEL caleulate the per unit yA lue OF yeactauce S00MmVt quad BEV, A Xpu = XL p MVA ) (en) ey) aoe S00 \ (a2)> Xpu= Sl 6 Live values Becomes ¥ Tp the voltage aud capach double then the per unit value Pacluces 10 sor xaop te vottage aul capactetve values become bale then the per mutt value lucreases t? double. ¥ The per unit Frupediance op toans pormer Pe Lanne as both primary aud. cecoudery » prove that por the traucporner Zprina py =Zeu Pu Zpv -Z4 p Zp 7 PUA je. Zope Zi = Zap PT Zat T, ey 2S a Zppv = Zas WE, di WD ht 7 ‘a Zppy = Zas Vole be = Zs = Za (Hs) Fee - Differences beeseen Actual System ahd. porting eystem ‘ Actual sy ttem ye System opera liq at & Operatin vaitage % More thav One opdratir wUrgue joo only So se Voltage, mose numbers" OF ous eguation te requtrd Equatious aeguired to colve Time taken te more por |& Time taken i's less the coluttou. por the solution, ‘ k por the trompormer | K For the transformer Zplr) FZ) | 7 =Z(2) ey Unit Equivalent Reactauce Hotwork OF asp oe ae Fravguttstow j uky (rue O WKY Y/ "foe (32k Yn “yee Gute Traneper fet rtbubiot A tternatort —_)—_— 5 aot cP! 7 Bore Th => OO . KTpu | => —_V0%»—_ épu Pp, Obta of vA. Boma los kV Spausmmtssion = bbs” x mp gynchroulus > — 7 / motor a - adpu ee petwork chovie base 33 a ) Gu erator Xo abet = /SSL Ta-line XL ~| => wom al lead W100 Eh fa He veactauce olingram 0 the fren poider guantittes SUVA? froanct Tye, Trline load. LSwv 4 20-0/ph ont 33/tlkY a o acl gave ose Xpu = Xax Mya AEN (ep XTpozigk 5 Xqy line = ee Xepo=peg XE Gr] | 2xE, f Xo 440) @ en Dee a ie RE Tang = 3c " Pele yrcotpx SVB. = 9 0043.5Y a vomueoe on | pont on = 2yM uae ci | xmpy | ypu 0083? 9 0668 g0gl® = 9.9668 ae Theory $ The power s tem fea large Complen Netioy rt fs ne ah Det, Via Ath the hel * Nodal aud mesh anal ch i, AH Cau be aug é help a raph theor fe ef, eleyreute Ty the gtven ae are rep wlth tive cope aud Sourles are replace with thely hiternal fee ) Node: The mseog Pernt oF more than 2 browches Re called at mode. Brauch + Ty connects two nodes, Tree: Te aa the all the nodes ofthe ct harm: he | ae EXt— ea x The elements th the tree be called xe THis Nomber oF 4tuige = (He?) an) co-tres s— Th te a subgraph frannted polth the help oF the elements polick are removed to Frame Me tre: Ope. x The elements fn the co-tree te called LUkS, (ov) "chords," < : & the Nomber oF thats =12-N4!, y a= Totad Uo+0 = nee, elements, Pr the vaph con eleteng y modes aud Swans’ Caleulate the moro -titge aud “WOrop Aes, A) Novop twigs = pete OM Syn ie No- of links = A-~94/ =—“sti' = y : planar Graph s— \ The two branches Aoee not Entertect other thon pods Pe called ac ee : s 6 ps Nou -planay graph ly — he tho Branches tm bertects ether tha Hoole fs called Hou planar ge Theseri- | The mint nom ber OF loop opuations gequired to colvt givek grep fe called ag Tretet materia :— Steps: — & felect one tree. K AAA one uk mb w-time.’ Number of ituks ~(e- ne!) ¥ Number of loops = plumber of bukce =€- n+) : te Wak traction . dy (uy t,2) is li by 3) Ls (uw ¢ ) * Loop direction cutseb b— . athe minimum removal of elermente vobich pivides the ger tte two subparts fe called cutset, cat iet Matrix 3— steps t : pe Select oue Co-tre. \ ap roll one tusig ato Heme f |e Number of cutsets = Number o¢ twig s ¥ irectton g oe tty Arectigu. gloment node fucidence motrin (A) % Tt qivet the information about hove yet seen the 10 nodes aij 2! -the element connect fm aire) 4, when the element leaving ron the’ 15 7 node» ‘ : ayjerl 3 token the element #8 entertag ento the ued. alf=0 No counertfou peeareen the ucdeg Bus fuctdence Matin (A) By removal oF weperence n te element node tuctdence matrit Ob tole elewente frm tated “te ce bus fuctdence matrir. , iP ot 1 0 © OW Bt -l oO OD Ae 00 | e I -| o ® ot 6 7 oN Ora write Pe for the given passer Carter nerwork the v7] » Bus tueidleuce Matri®) 2) The-kee mabren 3) cupset MatriT. ref » Bus fuctolewce matrin (A) clement node fuctdeuce mattX, at OO @B ’ to nlp op A fe Aft 0 a0 2; 1 0 +0° B+ : OF |. Dd Slo 10 -! ; 6l e@ ot -! us Tuereleuce Matrin :— ’ 7 node column from Hee Lenvoval OF Tepesestee ! element vede fueldence matin « Wend gy Aror FOO@®8 st Oe = g-10 ss oo-l ° it t-0 D0 ) s 1 0-| sr i é ora} fh Tre-set matrix (ec) ¢— ->$ Nomber oF bubs = Nowber of loops = ent! = 6-4! S.24t 538 2) Setet add one uk ata the, 3 = e-ni! = 6-Ytl=3 No-oF loops = No oF Vabe . uw sD \ — LA a fe dre (2cy) LL =(u 5 3) ls 23, ¢) y+ Loop ptrecetou fs Uap dtrecttou. cei ph Ads { tO. 2fi-t Os) 2/0 —t {-t Vii o @ be i) 6 Lo 0 fe i - ") cadet Matrin : — 6) The mtn tmum ( removal of-ele niente Mek Alvides the Ge fn40 Sreuliute Is < called tut set, y) Selece one co-trec , (ys 6) C —o[reperence AL Uodet ~ legs G4 (2 426) J (3 (8.576 ) a ? a Be | Go a 0 | ee 3 0 aa yi ay Se |e el 0 t se i Ysus Formatou “f Obrect Pu spection Meth pot : i Oo ‘in Q @ Appin Kee (Moctal intycte)] | Eel + ohms law. Ver. ee Node-t, Tie My Ui te) is 2D Zt ti Yo —a O ale-2, - ay Node Pte (a) at G15) tag \ av, +(4tfetihas ) or ‘bs Vy >0, —*@) -3 No ole 2 Yat s-6)4,5 =D ~pavet (At hs) Vise Matric corm § I; Heth — fa. 2 vy, ole] Yo derby Ys 7 Dh 0 = hs 4s bh || ¥3 * Vin Yas Beclprocal. 23 Yo a va Yi2 = “Yo fay Yu = Yoo [ Yous formation tay oe transmlectou method, Coustder a primitive network gM adnttfane, form. ° 4 Acordtug kel, Movi) heft tohore, P Pe the eateleg current J C6 the source harrent pr matty the above equaltou volte AT, Abas ATW Aaa = AW © | Acorollug to ect) ATP =0- Ag = Tgus.—> ®@® 7 cab 42 tu equ), hoe get : : a ee Ay @ Peaetie tAthve OEY + trom ATA ‘ eee nae Fes ad ubttance matriy- ee hs Ey Bus at : Yoe=¥ (48 - cee <¥¥5 AN Loop fnipledeuce morn Vem C Vr Zuop Cle. ie the aol mittance matrix by melag wethiod ro aHlou wether. prbl:- 1) eateulate y prrect Pugpecefon “) stugular trap scl (Sees yoga Tie ole =)! ble =) Is Spee Ys" Ze oe 3 Vo Za On 2 Ba SU Fee Pe ee eee eee Fy | Yous [ WeWtYe = 2SU . Yoo =Yo thi = 45 v- Yaa Yat Vs = 625 VU => Yn = = Yi Boils Ys = o (ne Lounecl iu | Yar = Yur, Yr3 = =Yey Yas =—Yp3 = —S— Vex = Vo3 Matty orm “BI SO Yous = ae +e Le O -5 625 " hg ler praupormatton meticcd t-— =ATyJA pis e008 (4) a f 0° ut C0 Q ey ee D gv’ tos moO @ ” v0 ae 4-10 0 a a ' “ ih | ee ' a0 Bio 0 |] 3 as Yl-0 0 | vb 9 04 Ypus AA Sel | oo ° eo Ypus ee een te O-1 t Of Joao oO D 0.0 tt 0 0s-0 ot -1 0 09 0 0 he Y gus = ee oe. ae ps os |} ‘ 0 5 625 ru yo 3) calcatate the Yous toy fhe theguler tronsporm | Method. for Network don't figure Fuclucltug the | generator buses. 26 fous, | SoLh— 0 jus @ Ty Yous = AYIA je joe” y e A ae “Jt uc A (yA @ Ue jor E43 - (Uso 0 000 qd) jf O» $8,022 ep 9 Oprog? 00 o.—psoD 000 0-j¥0 00090 6 -jP Blement noole Fretdence matrly: x we Oo Oe@8@® Aen fore bp 0 @ a] i 2 2 2 oO | Slo. | 7 2 | | %! 0 (jj oe | lO oe ke plee @ i oe | | Buy fueldlence mattn GD) | ) % OO B ; i Az=2 «| 000 3 9 500 y W dad, -t f to So : F _ O1-1Dd ; 6 010 ~UGxy. sats lc | 0M O& ~1\0. O.1 fl 00 9-1-1090 BOO 82 2 avenue + You = AGA Cai = ' i) sje 0 jee joc fehl 2 Ja gv dy 3 | ps JY fer o y Ler in? a Yee Vpn Mis Yow = Yor Yar Yas Vou Yer Ys2 Yess You Yor Yor Yes Yay m4. - ia out the adwbttauce matte thee parameter tea pour pus syn qe as Lin wo Sting bus eda but tae fupedan ce Shunk dass a fee eds i ' I £ 2 3 2 o23-oonyjeo254 f 1 Y2¥ yoy ’ 3 a t 20H 024 JOe— Vie foros ZB o3-f o3tfo? Vos 19-03 po2g-r1yj& oe 2 tjor8—Yey ce ~Sose2georlt {Ot Ya roal Bey vial sy m3 Yu = ie aa t ie Is Ya ta" tat ae ess Yu setae Yes = (0.294141 Jt (08-7 ajo fort] re 10 | You = 4t hist Lytle 04 es ae sed haf e BS O23 P" 19qj) 4 v-92bo-03 tO-Op 0: 4-31 Ys3 se Yost Yay > [ 03-pt0-24- Lap) $0103 t 02) Yeu = 254 poate =(0 23- ag pe betrs itp) tJ OOF 4 0+ oz) = WGECP [era-2: wf Ye by= Hs Yu = Myr = a a Vin Yer = Yor dates “fee S —D24—-vi A} + Joon = O81“ IIT Vag Yoo > hs Wa= Yauz “Mis Ryerss = OS 23/400) oe o29j NN Yuy =Yy) =? Vos =o os . = 03-f1t O03) = Horst Orqey yoy =Vyo= Yow ; FO23- oye joy = 02314) V9 =Yys = Vay ; = pr 24- Afr ford = 29th SJ a| Yu Yo Ya Vy Yeus | Yer Bo Ys Ly Yer Ys2 Yas" Yay Yor Yur Yor Yur Orly) osithly} -osprml 0 HOR} OFZ

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