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Chapter 07 - Improve Your Memory Skills
Chapter 07
Improve Your Memory Skills
Multiple Choice Questions
1. (p. 214) The memory process includes five steps:

A. intention, attention, association, retention, recall
B. attention, association, application, retention, recall
C. intention, attention, association, application, retention
D. attention, association, application, repetition, retention
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Outcome: 07-01 Apply the five-step memory process
Topic: The Memory Process
2. (p. 223) The method-of-place technique uses a method of imagery called "loci," which means
place. This method of using imagery and association to aid memory was developed by
ancient:
A. Germans
B. Romans
C. Greeks
D. Byzantines

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Outcome: 07-02 Describe memory strategies, including mnemonic devices
Topic: Memory Strategies
7-1
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of
McGraw-Hill Education.
3. (p. 220) Sarah has begun to study for a history test. She has reviewed the chapter in the text
and her notes for the past hour. Her next step should be to:
A. create a mind map of the information
B. write down the important points she would not easily recall
C. take a break
D. create note cards with important people, events, and dates
To be more effective, she should study in short sessions and take breaks every 40 minutes.

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
4. (p. 221) Penny uses "Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally" to recall the order of operations in
mathematics. She is using a/n:
A. rhythm
B. association
C. acrostic
D. acronym

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
5. (p. 219) How does a mind map enhance memory?

A. It helps to see the information in a visual format.
B. Writing it out helps to organize the information and commit it to memory.
C. The act of creating the map incorporates all the senses.
D. The act of creating the map integrates both sides of the brain.

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
7-2
6. (p. 228) Lucas has 30 formulas he needs to memorize to perform well on tests in his
Trigonometry class. Which memory strategy will likely help him recall these formulas when
needed?
A. method-of-place technique
B. write it down and practice
C. recitation and practice
D. use note cards and practice

Bloom's: Understand
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Summarize, Review, and Reflect
7. (p. 221) Timothy tends to use mnemonic devices to help his students remember information.
For example, he teaches the FOIL method, (first, outer, inner, last), in multiplying binomials.
FOIL is an example of:
A. an acronym.
B. an acrostic.
C. using association.
D. chunking.

Bloom's: Understand
Difficulty: 1 Easy
8. (p. 221) Tad is able to recall the account numbers on his credit cards without needing the card
present for a purchase. Which memory technique is he likely using?
A. chunking
B. mnemonic device
C. the memory process
D. stacking
Chunking is often used to recall long numbers.

Bloom's: Understand
Difficulty: 1 Easy
7-3
9. (p. 218) After doing some practice problems, Jessica is showing her roommate a new formula
she learned in Calculus. It is likely the purpose of this activity is to:
A. integrate both sides of the brain.
B. go from the general to the specific.
C. retain the formula.
D. recall the formula.
She practices to retain it and teaches it to be able to recall it.

Bloom's: Understand
Difficulty: 1 Easy
10. (p. 221) What is the difference between an acronym and an acrostic?
A. An acronym is a mnemonic device, while an acrostic is a form of rhyme.
B. An acrostic forms a sentence, while an acrostic forms a word.
C. An acronym uses association, while an acrostic relies on rhythm.
D. An acronym forms a word, while an acrostic forms a sentence.

Bloom's: Understand
Difficulty: 1 Easy
7-4
11. (p. 223) To recall and describe the military strategy of the Civil War, Victor has created a
memory map with images of people and artifacts associated with each significant battle
location along a specific route in time. This memory strategy is known as:
A. stacking
B. chunking
C. association
D. method-of-place
It goes beyond stacking and association by association as Victor recalls the War and
significant battles using a visual memory map and route in time order.

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 2 Medium
12. (p. 218) The transfer of information from your short-term memory to your long-term
memory is called:
A. memorization
B. retention
C. recall
D. passive memory
Memorization is the transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory while recall
is the transfer, or retrieval, of that information in the other direction.

Bloom's: Remember
7-5
13. (p. 222) To recall the Medieval, Renaissance, Baroque, Neoclassicism, and Realism
movements in art history, Charles has created an image in his mind of a tapestry underneath
Leonardo da Vinci's "Vitruvian Man" pushing an ornately dressed woman in a white wig as
she climbs a white pillar, to peak out the window at the industrial landscape. Charles is using:
A. association.
B. the stacking technique.
C. the method-of-place technique.
D. an acrostic.
He is stacking the images he is associating with each movement in his mind.

Bloom's: Understand
14. (p. 218) Steven is studying for a final exam. He is reviewing his notes and the text. He takes
breaks every 40 minutes to stay focused. After studying for 3 hours, he feels overwhelmed by
the amount of information he must understand and retain for the test in a week. Which
strategy will help him the most?
A. Break the material down into objectives.
B. Use note cards.
C. Reduce information.
D. Go from the general to the specific.
D may be a good answer for earlier in the semester, and he is already studying in short
sessions. At this point he would benefit most by having a learning objective for each session
throughout the week to prepare for the final test.

Bloom's: Understand
7-6
15. (p. 220) Clair is out on a run and listening to her Spanish notes to prepare for next week's
test. How will this help enhance her memory?
A. She is an auditory and bodily kinesthetic learner so this method will boost memory.
B. Memory is sensory so the more senses she uses the more likely she'll retain information.
C. The endorphins released through exercise boost memory.
D. She is increasing his chances of retaining information by making it rhythmic.

Bloom's: Understand
16. (p. 227) Justin wrote down notes of key points made in a lecture. He reviewed his notes after
class and filled in gaps or questions he had using his text. That night he created a mind map
connecting the new information with previous information introduced in the class. During the
following week he reviewed the information every other day. He repeated this process with
the next week's lecture. This exemplifies the memory strategy:
A. practice, practice, practice!
B. go from the general to the specific.
C. summarize, review, and reflect.
D. study in short sessions

Bloom's: Understand
Learning Outcome: 07-03 Summarize, review, and reflect for better retention and recall
7-7
17. (p. 220) Israel commutes to work by bus. Since the trip is so long, he uses the time to catch
up in his class reading but then he has difficulty remembering what he reads. This is most
likely because:
A. he does not review the material in the next hour and next day.
B. he is distracted by noise on the on the bus.
C. he has not previewed the material.
D. he is not taking notes as he reads.
The only information given is that he is on a bus so with this information one can deduce he is
distracted by the bus.

Bloom's: Apply
18. (p. 224) Brianna must give a presentation in her Marketing class. She was given a case study
of a fledgling small company that has potential in expanding its presence in its current market
through the introduction of a new product. In her presentation she will pitch her idea for the
optimal marketing plan for this product based on what the class has learned throughout the
course. She will create a PowerPoint presentation with handouts for the class to reference as
she discusses the details for each major point. Her presentation skills will be assessed as a part
of her grade in addition to the alignment of the content to major concepts learned in the
course. To prepare for her presentation, which memory strategy should she use?
A. use note cards
B. practice, practice, practice
C. summarize
D. use the method-of-place technique
Since she will have the key points in her presentation slides it is best that she practice the
presentation as often as necessary to feel comfortable she is hitting all the details in each key
point. Using note cards would look unprofessional which could have a negative effect on her
grade. The method-of-place technique would not be as helpful as actual practice in recalling
the details of each key point.

Bloom's: Apply
7-8
19. (p. 218) Fabian is taking a History class. He must do his own research for an upcoming exam
involving the concept of history repeating itself. As a result of his research, he has many
important dates he must remember, in addition to the parallels he must draw to show history
as repeating itself. Which set of memory strategies will help Fabian on his exam?
A. Fabian should take the time to understand the major parallels he is drawing, and use the
method-of-place technique to visualize the dates associated with these events.
B. Fabian should use the method-of-place technique to recall the important dates and events
he will draw from in establishing these parallels in history. He should practice writing out his
answer until he can do so without having to use his notes.
C. Fabian should use a mnemonic device to recall the important dates and events he will use
to draw these parallels in history. He should practice writing out his answer until he can do so
without having to use his notes.
D. Fabian should do a memory assessment to determine the best memory strategy to use in
this situation.

Bloom's: Apply
20. (p. 214-218) Lindsay is preparing for the next lecture in her Italian class. She will be more
likely to remember the lecture better if she:
A. creates notes cards, reviews and recites information learned after class within 24 hours and
again during the next week.
B. reviews the material from the previous class, and previews the chapter that will be covered
in her new class.
C. reduces information and distractions.
D. uses mnemonic devices and chunking to help her remember the information from the
lecture.

Bloom's: Analyze
7-9
21. (p. 218) Brenda is in a political science class. She is overwhelmed because she has difficulty
in understanding some of the major essays that have shaped modern political science. For an
upcoming test, she must understand the underpinnings of historical societal structures in order
to demonstrate how these structures relate to formal government structures in the modern day.
Which set of memory strategies will prove most useful in helping her do well on her test?
A. Brenda should chunk the information in each essay up into smaller parts and schedule
short study sessions that are free from distractions.
B. Brenda should ask questions in class and use outside resources to more fully understand
the information. Then she should create a mind map to show connections among historical
societal structures and modern day government structures.
C. Brenda should take the time to understand the basic theories by asking questions in class
and by using other resources. She should then make notecards and recite the information on it
so that she remembers the concepts.
D. Brenda should read the essays and be sure to listen in class so she can more fully
understand them. Then she should create a series of mnemonic devices to help her remember
the information.
For her test, Brenda needs to remember not just the information but the connections among
ideas. While all these strategies will help her remember information, only the mind map
addresses the issue of making connections.

Bloom's: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
7-10
22. (p. 218) Darius learns best through his auditory and visual senses. He is studying for a final
exam in Philosophy. His challenge has been in constructing arguments to support his views
based on different theories learned throughout the course. For his exam, he must he recall
these theories and apply them in one essay that will be worth 30 percent of his final grade.
Which set of memory strategies will be most helpful for Darius to do well on his exam?
A. Darius should summarize each theory in his own words and record these on his iPod for
review. He should then use the stacking technique to connect subtopics to larger philosophical
theories. He should practice constructing arguments aloud until he feels ready to take the
exam.
B. Darius should go from the general to the specific to better understand how each theory
supports his views. He should write down these connections on note cards and practice
reciting his arguments with the connected theories aloud. He should practice constructing
arguments until he feels comfortable enough to take his exam.
C. Darius should summarize each theory in his own words and write the summaries on
notecards. He should try mnemonic devices to recall the different theories as he is
constructing his arguments. He should practice constructing arguments until he feels
comfortable enough to take his exam.
D. Darius should summarize each theory in his own words and use a mind map to connect the
ideas. He should study in short sessions, practicing constructing arguments aloud as he
prepares for the exam.
Because Darius learns best through visual and auditory means, he would benefit by recording
and playing back the theories so he can listen to them and using the visualization of the
stacking technique. To help him better understand the theories he should summarize these in
his own words, and apply them as often as possible to help him remember them when
constructing arguments. The best answer is A. B does not address the visual connections or
summarization. C is incorrect because it likely mnemonic devices will not help him
understand and use the theories he needs to apply. D is not the correct answer because it does
not address his preferred auditory learning style.

Bloom's: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
7-11
23. (p. 218) Shea learns best visually and kinesthetically. She is studying for a final exam in her
Physics class. To prepare for the test, she will need to understand the laws of motion, velocity,
acceleration, mass, energy, and frame of reference and apply these laws and mathematics to
solve basic problems. Which memory strategies should she use to help her recall the laws and
apply these correctly?
A. She should take the time to understand each of the laws through summarization using her
own words. She should create note cards to help her remember the key points of each law and
associated math formulas. She should apply rhythm and rhyme techniques to help her recite
the key points of each law. She should practice using the laws in contextual problems until
she feels she can perform without her notes.
B. Shea should take the time to understand each of the laws by seeking out different examples
of the laws through her instructor and various resources. She should record and play back the
theories to help her review and recite the laws. She should practice using the laws in
contextual problems until she feels she can perform without her notes.
C. Shea should take the time to understand each of the laws by going from the general to the
specific. She should study each law in short sessions and create note cards with key points and
formulas during each session. She should review and recite the note cards to remember the
information. She should practice using the laws in contextual problems until she feels she can
perform without her notes.
D. Shea should take the time to understand each of the laws using illustrations and diagrams,
and determine the math formulas she will use to solve different types of problems. She should
create note cards to review the key points of each law and apply the stacking technique to help
her remember this information. She should practice using the laws in contextual problems
until she feels she can perform without her notes.
Since she is a kinesthetic learner, she will benefit from drawing pictures and diagrams to help
her understand and remember each law. Note cards will be useful in the kinesthetic and visual
acts of writing down the information and key formulas to review. Since she is a visual learner
she will benefit from using the stacking technique to list and recall the key points and
formulas associated with in each law. Once she is comfortable in her understanding of the
laws and formulas, she will benefit from applying this information in context through the
types of physical science problems she will encounter on the exam.

Bloom's: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
7-12
24. (p. 218-221) Antoine is researching technological innovation in the medical science field. He
must present one topic to the class in a succinct 20-minute presentation. The instructor in the
class may incorporate some of the information learned in their presentations on the mid-term
exam. He wants to help his classmates remember the most important points about his topic so
they will be able to retain and recall this for the test. He could help his classmates most by:
A. offering the information through different learning modalities such as bringing in visuals
demonstrating how the new technology works and handing out the key points in his
presentation that are most important to remember.
B. going from the general to the specific in his presentation while offering the class some
personal associations they could make to the key points he wants them to learn. He should
then provide a handout of notes they could reference while studying for their final exam.
C. helping the students to create a mental picture of how the technology works with key
points written out in a mind map for them to copy from the board or screen. He should then
provide a handout with a sample test they should complete to help them retain and recall the
key information they will need to know for the test.
D. letting the class know why it is important to know about the new technology he is
presenting, connecting it to what they have already learned in class. He should then encourage
them to use the handout that has each slide in his presentation with lines for notes. He should
provide a visual of the technology and leave some time at the end of the presentation for
students to respond or to ask questions.
Given what we know about the memory process and associations to be made, D is the best
answer.

Bloom's: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
7-13
25. (p. 221-222) How is your memory like a computer?

A. Information enters your brain through your senses and is temporarily stored in short-term
memory, much like a computer's central processing unit (CPU) would store information in its
random access memory (RAM). Once in the short-term memory you can share the
information with a study group and make new inferences, like a computer can retrieve
information from its RAM to be combined with other information to create something entirely
new.
B. Information enters the computer through a mouse or USB port. Your brain processes the
information like the computer's central processing unit (CPU). The information enters your
short-term memory, which is like random access memory (RAM) on a computer. Information
that is interesting to you will likely be transferred to your long-term memory for recall, like
you would save important information in your hard drive for later retrieval. Once in the long-
term memory and hard drive, the possibilities of creating new information are endless. The
retrieval process works much like a relational database where information is stored and
indexed for retrieval like you make personal connections and associations to information to
help you retrieve it.
C. Information enters your mind and it is processed and stored in your short term memory like
a computers receives information through a mouse or keyboard, processes it through the
central processing unit (CPU) and stores it the hard drive. You practice by reading the
information again, evaluating other people's comments about it, and making your own
inferences which is like a computer processing unit or (CPU). This helps you transfer the
information in to your long-term memory, which is like the computer's random access
memory (RAM).
D. Information enters your mind through your senses like the information inputs on a
computer such as a mouse, keyboard, or USB port. It is stored in your short-term memory
which is like random access memory (RAM). You practice by reading the information again,
evaluating other people's comments about it, and making your own inferences. This helps you
transfer the information in to your long-term memory, which functions like a relational
database. You are later able to retrieve the facts and information you need through the use of
memory strategies like entering a set of instructions for your computer to retrieve specific
information you need.

Bloom's: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
True / False Questions
7-14
26. (p. 221) The chunking strategy involves the use of association and imagery.
FALSE

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Memory Strategies: #7 Use mnemonic devices: Chunking
27. (p. 223) When a person needs to recall the major points they are going to discuss during a
presentation, the method-of-place technique will likely aid their memory as they practice.
TRUE

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
28. (p. 218) It is important to memorize certain types of information such as deadlines, phone
messages, and assignment due dates.
FALSE
One strategy to help you to memorize important information you need to know is to reduce
the type of information that you can write down and reference later.

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
7-15
29. (p. 218) Ben is a right brain dominant thinker and has no problem in seeing the 'big picture'
in the concepts he is learning. A good strategy for Ben to remember information would be to
go from the general to the specific.
TRUE

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
30. (p. 222) Erik wants to assess his memory skills. One important question he should ask
himself is if he often forgets due dates.
TRUE

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
31. (p. 221) Celia is a French instructor. She helps students remember information through
songs. This is an example of using all the senses to boost memory.
FALSE
It is an example of using rhyme or rhythm (a mnemonic device) to boost memory.

Bloom's: Understand
7-16
32. (p. 219) Ella often refers to herself as being like an absent-minded professor. She is so deep
in thought about the larger quandaries in life that she seems to forget details such as due dates
and deadlines. That is just how some people are; however, Ella would still benefit from
reducing information as a memory strategy.
TRUE
These kinds of details do not need to be remembered. An organizer or calendar can record this
information.

Bloom's: Understand
Difficulty: 1 Easy
33. (p. 220) Stacey is a highly distractible young woman who learns best when incorporating
various learning styles to help her remember what she is learning. She is taking an astronomy
class and must memorize a few formulas for her mid-term exam. Her best memory strategy
will be to eliminate all distractions.
FALSE
To memorize the formulas she should incorporate as many senses as possible.

Bloom's: Understand
34. (p. 227) When Aaron does not understand a major concept being introduced in class, he asks
his instructor to share a story or example to help him understand the point further. By doing
so, Aaron is more likely to remember the concept.
TRUE

Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
7-17
35. (p. 227) Zoë feels that her assignments and excellent study habits used in high school to
recall information should be enough to learn and retain what she is learning in college. She is
likely correct.
FALSE
College material goes more in depth than high school material. She will likely be asked to do
more than simply recall information.

Bloom's: Understand
Difficulty: 1 Easy
36. (p. 214) Intention level affects retention and recall.

TRUE
Level of intention is your level of interest. The more relevance you can place on the
information you are learning, the more you are able to focus your attention on the material.

Bloom's: Remember
37. (p. 218) Marta finds that writing down information that is spoken helps her to remember it.
This is because writing uses a different part of the brain than speaking and listening.
TRUE

Bloom's: Remember
7-18
38. (p. 217) Short-term memory is active memory, while long term memory is passive memory.
TRUE

Bloom's: Remember
39. (p. 214, 215) The Intention and Recall steps of the memory process correspond to the same
steps in the Adult Learning Process,.
TRUE

Bloom's: Analyze
40. (p. 221) Carol remembers her computer password by connecting it with the name of her first
pet and the year she got married. This is an example of the third memory step, Association.
FALSE
This is an example of the mnemonic device known as association.

Bloom's: Understand
7-19
41. (p. 227) Ideally, your first review of new information learned in class should be completed
within 72 hours.
FALSE
The ideal time to do a first review is within one hour.

Bloom's: Remember
42. (p. 221) Chad is taking a class in Economics. He is having trouble understanding many of the
concepts in his text. He asks his instructor to clarify concepts with examples; however, he
often still does not feel comfortable in his understanding of these concepts or in his ability to
apply them. An effective memory strategy for Chad would be to develop mnemonic devices.
FALSE
Chad is having trouble with the concepts. Mnemonic devices are not useful for clarifying
concepts; they are primarily useful for sheer rote memorization.

Bloom's: Understand
43. (p. 221) Sascha is studying for an exam on the classifications of chemical elements in the
Periodic Table and what differentiates the element categories. An effective strategy to prepare
him for the exam is using a mnemonic device to help him remember the element categories.
FALSE
The mnemonic device will help him remember what the categories are; however, he needs to
combine this with other strategies to be able to differentiate the element categories.

Bloom's: Understand
7-20
44. (p. 223) Kelly is a ballet dancer. First, she imagines the rectangular dance floor of the stage
set for her ballet. Then, she thinks of the major images on the ballet stage she will see during
this dance. Next, the places these images in each corner of the dance floor: trees, fields,
flowers, and a home. As she learns her dance steps, she associates each major change in step
with these images. As she practices on the stage, she recalls the changes in her dance steps
based on the stage elements around her. When she visualizes herself performing the dance
with perfection, she uses the images on the stage to help guide her through her ballet routine.
Kelly's memorization technique is an example of using all of her senses to give her brain a
better chance at retaining her ballet routine.
FALSE
She is using the method-of-place technique.

Bloom's: Apply
45. (p. 218) Celine has been told that using note cards is the best way to remember her
vocabulary words and math formulas. She has heard it is a good way to incorporate all the
senses as she is learning the information which will help her retain the information. She is an
auditory learner and recites the information contained in the note cards aloud. She also
practices aloud with a partner. She still finds the process of creating and using the note cards
unbearable, and she feels there must be a better way for her to retain and recall the
information. Beyond practicing her words and formulas in context, there is little else Celine
can do to get around the note card process as a strategy to learn this type of information.
FALSE
Since Celine is an auditory learner, she could try recording herself saying her words and
formulas and then playing them back to herself versus using the note cards.

Bloom's: Apply
Short Answer Questions
7-21
46. (p. 222) Imagine you will need to recall the following information for a presentation:
Selective Perception
Introduction
Definition of Selective Perception
Explain Categories: Internal and External
Internal factors and Application
External factors and Application
Conclusion
Use the stacking technique to recall the different points you must make in your presentation.
Answers will vary
Bloom's: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
47. (p. 218-230) Discuss 6 ways you can keep your memory skills sharp this semester.
Answers will vary
Bloom's: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
48. (p. 214) Explain each of the five steps of the memory process. How are these steps similar to
the Adult Learning Cycle? How can you use the memory process to build your memory
skills?
Answers will vary
Bloom's: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
7-22
49. (p. 218) You are going on a job interview. You know it is possible you could meet with
several people during the interview process. You want to make a first good impression and be
sure to recall details about your conversations with each person you meet with in order to
write a thoughtful thank you note after the interview. Describe at least 5 memory strategies
you would use from the chapter to help you recall the names of people and details associated
with each person in your interview. Explain why you would use each strategy.
Answers will vary
Bloom's: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
50. (p. 214-218) Although it is not a personal desire to remember the information, you need to
learn all of the presidents' names in chronological in order to do well in your history class.
Explain how you will use the memory process to retain and recall this information using a set
of strategies learned in the chapter.
Answers will vary
Bloom's: Analyze
Difficulty: 3 Hard
51. (p. 214-227) In a very short amount of time, Melanie needs to retain and recall what she has
learned in her Ancient Literature class and then apply her learning in the form of a critique.
With what you have learned about the memory process, and memory and review strategies,
what techniques can she use to clearly communicate her learning on an exam?
Answers will vary
Bloom's: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
7-23
52. (p. 214-227) Kate is going to present a case study to the class and must then be prepared to
offer her analysis of key items that apply to the concepts the class has been learning in a
question and answer session. Both she and other students will be graded on the exchange.
What memory strategies should she apply to give the class a clear presentation and to be able
to recall key points for her analyses?
Answers will vary
Bloom's: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
7-24
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Multiple Choice Questions

1. (p. 214) The memory process includes five steps:

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5. (p. 219) How does a mind map enhance memory?

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Chunking is often used to recall long numbers.

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She practices to retain it and teaches it to be able to recall it.

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He is stacking the images he is associating with each movement in his mind.

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25. (p. 221-222) How is your memory like a computer?

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True / False Questions

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It is an example of using rhyme or rhythm (a mnemonic device) to boost memory.

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To memorize the formulas she should incorporate as many senses as possible.

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36. (p. 214) Intention level affects retention and recall.

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This is an example of the mnemonic device known as association.

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The ideal time to do a first review is within one hour.

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