Introduction to Criminal Justice A

Balanced Approach 1st Edition Payne

Test Bank
Go to download the full and correct content document:
https://testbankdeal.com/product/introduction-to-criminal-justice-a-balanced-approach
-1st-edition-payne-test-bank/
More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...

Introduction to Criminal Justice 15th Edition Siegel

Test Bank

https://testbankdeal.com/product/introduction-to-criminal-
justice-15th-edition-siegel-test-bank/

Introduction to Criminal Justice 14th Edition Siegel

Test Bank

https://testbankdeal.com/product/introduction-to-criminal-
justice-14th-edition-siegel-test-bank/

Introduction to Criminal Justice 4th Edition Bohm Test

Bank

https://testbankdeal.com/product/introduction-to-criminal-
justice-4th-edition-bohm-test-bank/

Criminal Justice A Brief Introduction 12th Edition

Schmalleger Test Bank

https://testbankdeal.com/product/criminal-justice-a-brief-
introduction-12th-edition-schmalleger-test-bank/
Introduction to Criminal Justice 14th Edition Siegel
Solutions Manual

https://testbankdeal.com/product/introduction-to-criminal-
justice-14th-edition-siegel-solutions-manual/

Introduction to Criminal Justice Practice and Process

2nd Edition Peak Test Bank

https://testbankdeal.com/product/introduction-to-criminal-
justice-practice-and-process-2nd-edition-peak-test-bank/

Introduction to Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice

10th Edition Hess Test Bank

https://testbankdeal.com/product/introduction-to-law-enforcement-
and-criminal-justice-10th-edition-hess-test-bank/

Introduction to Criminal Justice Systems Diversity and

Change 2nd Edition Rennison Test Bank

https://testbankdeal.com/product/introduction-to-criminal-
justice-systems-diversity-and-change-2nd-edition-rennison-test-
bank/

Criminal Justice Policy 1st Edition Mallicoat Test Bank

https://testbankdeal.com/product/criminal-justice-policy-1st-
edition-mallicoat-test-bank/
QUESTIONS

1. Policing is a __________ organization.

@ Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain how police departments are structured;
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The Structure of Modern
Police Department; Question Type: MC
*a. paramilitary
b. solicitous
c. mid-level
d. consistent

2. There are approximately __________ police agencies serving the American people
today.
@ Learning Objective: 6-1: Identify the influence of early societal development on
the emergencies of policing; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location:
Introduction; Question Type: MC
a. 4,000
b. 8,000
*c. 18,000
d. 34,000

3. The right and authority granted to a police agency to administer justice in a

defined area of responsibility is called
@ Learning Objective: 6-1: Identify the influence of early societal development on
the emergencies of policing; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location:
Introduction; Question Type: MC
a. investigation agency
*b. jurisdiction
c. frankpledge
d. division of labor

4. Which type of society likely used kin policing?

@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location:
Types of Societies and Policing; Question Type: MC
a. Chiefdoms
b. Nations
*c. Tribes
d. States

5. The __________ system is a great example of a Chiefdom taking the informal means
of control that had existed in the bands and tribes and formalizing them for the
purpose of social control.
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location:
Types of Societies and Policing; Question Type: MC
a. kin policing
*b. frankpledge
c. jurisdiction
d. court

6. The English system of policing began with the

@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The
English System of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. settling of Jamestown in Virginia
b. introduction of the Volstead Act
c. Sheriff of Nottingham
*d. Norman Conquest of 1066

7. Which individual would be more likely to be a member of the night watch in

England?
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The
English System of Policing; Question Type: MC
*a. a homeless man
b. a female playwright
c. a noble lord
d. a keystone cop

8. Which position was added to protect the king’s interests throughout England?
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The
English System of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. the constable
b. the night watch
*c. the sheriff
d. the ward

9. Which system in England is associated with the phrase “it takes a thief to catch a
thief?”
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The
English System of Policing; Question Type: MC
*a. the parliamentary reward system
b. the Robin Hood system
c. the watch-and-ward system
d. the frankpledge system
10. The bow street runners are most similar to
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: The English
System of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. the thief-taker system
b. modern-day judges
*c. a modern police force
d. federal inmates

11. Who organized the first police department in history?

@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The
English System of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. Henry Fielding
*b. Robert Peel
c. Jonathan Wild
d. Patrick Colquhoun

12. What was the name of the first modern police department in the world?
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The
English System of Policing; Question Type: MC
*a. the London Metropolitan Police
b. the New York City Police Department
c. the Boston Police Department
d. the Royal Canadian Mounted Police

13. All of the following differentiated the Boston Police Department from the
London Metropolitan Police Department EXCEPT
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. it was smaller
b. officers did not wear uniforms
*c. they were more effective at reducing crime.
d. officers did not have identifying badges

14. Which national event precipitated the rapid expansion of police departments
across the United States?
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The American System
of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. The colonial settlement in Jamestown, Virginia
*b. the Civil War
c. The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001
d. the Vietnam War
15. America is presently in the __________ era of policing.
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The American
System of Policing; Question Type: MC
*a. homeland security
b. political
c. community
d. reform

16. Which statement is TRUE of the political era of policing?

@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The American
System of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. The police during the political era were organized to protect and serve the public.
b. The political era of policing was a brief but progressive time in policing history.
*c. Although the political era of policing lasted about 100 years, little changed during
that time.
d. The political era was structured around America’s move to Prohibition.

17. Tom is a police officer during the political era. Joe is a modern-day officer. Which
task would Tom do that Joe would probably not?
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Application; Answer Location: The American System
of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. patrolling a beat
b. making an arrest
c. responding to a crime
*d. running a soup kitchen

18. Which term most accurately describes the role of police in the political machines
of the late 1800s?
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The American
System of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. spoilers
*b. extortionists
c. patrons
d. moralists

19. Imagine you wanted to become a police officer under the patronage system in
New York City. Which step would you need to take first?
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Application; Answer Location: The American System
of Policing; Question Type: MC
*a. pay a bribe
b. frequent a brothel
c. establish a relationship with the mayor
d. open a gambling hall

20. Inspector Alexander “Clubber” Williams is associated with which common

practice of American policing?
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The American
System of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. the spoils system
b. the patronage system
*c. police brutality
d. voter intimidation

21. What was the catalyst for reforming the police in the early twentieth century?
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The American
System of Policing; Question Type: MC
*a. prohibition
b. the American Mafia
c. the kidnapping of the Lindbergh baby
d. the sinking of the Titanic

22. What surprising action did August Vollmer take after he was elected town
marshal in 1905?
@ Learning Objective: 6-4: Distinguish between municipal, county, state, and federal
police; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The American System
of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. he opened a feed store
b. he prompted police use of the third degree
*c. he closed down gabling establishments
d. he created the Uniform Crime Reports

23. Which individual did not play a crucial role in policing during the reform era?
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The American System
of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. J. Edgar Hoover
b. George Wickersham
*c. Thomas Byrnes
d. August Vollmer

24. Which individual was instrumental in the creation of the Uniform Crime
Reports?
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: The American System of
Policing; Question Type: MC
*a. J. Edgar Hoover
b. George Wickersham
c. Thomas Byrnes
d. August Vollmer

25. During the reform era, the emphasis of the police was on
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The American
System of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. the political machine
b. police brutality
c. the birth cohort
*d. crime control

26. During the 1960s, police typically used __________ to handle __________
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: The American System of
Policing; Question Type: MC
a. crime prevention, community relations
*b. old tactics, new problems
c. rapid response, civil rights protestors
d. enhanced interrogation, campus unrest

27. Community policing involves __________, while problem-oriented policing involves

__________.
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: MC
*a. partnerships, problem-solving methods
b. problem-solving methods, partnerships
c. advocacy, protecting the community
d. protecting the community, advocacy

28. Which agency is almost always part of the Joint Terrorism Task Force?
@ Learning Objective: 6-6: Describe five different federal police agencies; Cognitive
Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The American System of Policing;
Question Type: MC
a. the Department of Homeland Security
*b. the Federal Bureau of Investigation
c. the Central Intelligence Agency
d. the National Institutes of Justice
29. While a sheriff’s department is subordinate to a county administrator, a sheriff’s
office is
@ Learning Objective: 6-4: Distinguish between municipal, county, state, and federal
police; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: Policing in America
Today; Question Type: MC
a. subordinate to the police chief
*b. an independent government entity
c. elected by the citizens of a state
d. a temporary stop-gap measure

30. Most state police officers in upstate New York are referred to as state troopers.
This suggests that New York’s model of policing is the __________ model.
@ Learning Objective: 6-4: Distinguish between municipal, county, state, and federal
police; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: Policing in America Today;
Question Type: MC
a. state police
b. municipal
*c. highway patrol
d. ranger

31. The majority of the federal law enforcement agencies in America fall under
either the Department of Justice or the
@ Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain how police departments are structured;
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: Policing in America Today;
Question Type: MC
a. Department of Defense
b. Institute of Justice
c. Special Jurisdiction
*d. Department of Homeland Security

32. Research on organizations and management has shown that the span of control
for leaders is
@ Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain how police departments are structured;
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The Structure of Modern Police
Departments; Question Type: MC
a. 1 or 2 personnel
*b. between 5 and 7 personnel
c. a maximum of 50 individuals
d. as high as 5,000 individuals

33. Almost all police departments, regardless of size, are organized around the three
responsibilities of
@ Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain how police departments are structured;
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The Structure of Modern
Police Departments; Question Type: MC
*a. patrol, investigations, and administrations
b. span of control, division of labor, and specializations
c. captains, lieutenants, and sergeants
d. prevention, deterrence, and control

34. Officer Melendez stops a speeding vehicle and issues a warning rather than a
ticket to the driver. Officer Melendez is using
@ Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain how police departments are structured;
Cognitive Domain: Application; Answer Location: The Structure of Modern Police
Departments; Question Type: MC
a. division of labor
b. an abuse of power
*c. police discretion
d. corrupt tactics

35. Which policing responsibility is often considered the backbone of policing?

@ Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain how police departments are structured;
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The Structure of Modern
Police Departments; Question Type: MC
a. the power shift
b. administrative duties
c. special forces
*d. patrol operations

36. While most countries around the world have a __________ government, America
has a__________ form of government.
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: Introduction;
Question Type: MC
a. decentralized, centralized
*b. centralized, decentralized
c. autonomous, tyrannical
d. tyrannical, autonomous

37. Compared to tribes, bands are

@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: Types of Societies and
Policing; Question Type: MC
a. kin-based
b. larger
*c. nomadic
d. aggressive

38. Which police practice would have been common during the political era?
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: MC
a. preventive patrol
*b. police brutality
c. rapid response
d. community policing

39. The system for how police and emergency response agencies will organize their
response to attacks and disasters is called the
@ Learning Objective: 6-6: Describe five different federal police agencies; Cognitive
Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The American System of Policing; Question
Type: MC
a. Department of Homeland Security
b. Federal Emergency Management Agency
c. Joint Terrorism Task Force
*d. Incident Command System

40. Approximately 25% of the police force in the U.S. is female.

@ Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain how police departments are structured;
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The Structure of Modern Police
Departments; Question Type: TF
a. true
*b. false

41. Sheriff’s departments are typically considered federal agencies.

@ Learning Objective: 6-4: Distinguish between municipal, county, state, and federal
police; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: Introduction; Question
Type: TF
a. true
*b. false

42. The creation of the first modern police department in Boston looked almost
identical to that in London.
@ Learning Objective: 6-1: Identify the influence of early societal development on
the emergencies of policing; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location:
The American System of Policing; Question Type: TF
*a. true
b. false
43. The majority of countries around the world have one national police force.
@ Learning Objective: 6-1: Identify the influence of early societal development on
the emergencies of policing; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location:
Introduction; Question Type: TF
*a. true
b. false

44. The British term “Bobbies” refers to the first police department’s founder,
Robert Peel.
@ Learning Objective: 6-1: Identify the influence of early societal development on
the emergencies of policing; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The
English System of Policing; Question Type: TF
*a. true
b. false

45. Constables have all powers of sworn law enforcement officers EXCEPT the
power to arrest.
@ Learning Objective: 6-4: Distinguish between municipal, county, state, and federal
police; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: Policing in America
Today; Question Type: MC
a. true
*b. false

46. Police during the political era patrolled the beat, responded to crimes, and made
arrests.
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: TF
*a. true
b. false

47. The spoils system and the patronage system were vastly different.
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: TF
a. true
*b. false

48. America’s move to Prohibition was the catalyst for reform in policing.
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: TF
*a. true
b. false

49. The mafia first rose to power during the political era
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: TF
a. true
*b. false

50. Police during the political era were organized to protect and serve the political
machine.
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: TF
*a. true
b. false

51. Following the era of homeland security, police have moved to an era of
community policing.
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The American
System of Policing; Question Type: TF
a. true
*b. false

52. The most common police agency in the U.S. is the state police.
@ Learning Objective: 6-4: Distinguish between municipal, county, state, and federal
police; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: Policing in America
Today; Question Type: TF
a. true
*b. false

53. There are 50 state police agencies in the United States

@ Learning Objective: 6-4: Distinguish between municipal, county, state, and federal
police; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: Policing in America Today;
Question Type: TF
a. true
*b. false

54. Native American reservations typically follow the laws of the tribe not those of
the United States.
@ Learning Objective: 6-5: Identify four types of special jurisdiction police agencies;
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: Policing in America Today;
Question Type: TF
*a. true
b. false

55. The United States Marshals Service hunts down fugitives from __________ justice.
@ Learning Objective: 6-6: Describe five different federal police agencies; Cognitive
Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: Policing in America Today; Question
Type: FIB
*a. federal

56. The father of American policing is __________.

@ Learning Objective: 6-1: Identify the influence of early societal development on
the emergencies of policing; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location:
Policing in America Today; Question Type: FIB
*a. August Vollmer

57. After a police applicant passes all required tests, he or she undergoes training at
the police academy, which is then followed by __________ training.
@ Learning Objective: 6-4: Distinguish between municipal, county, state, and federal
police; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The Structure of
Modern Police Departments; Question Type: FIB
*a. field

58. American policing has moved through __________ eras.

@ Learning Objective: 6-1: Identify the influence of early societal development on
the emergencies of policing; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: FIB
*a. four

59. America formed its first police department in the year

@ Learning Objective: 6-1: Identify the influence of early societal development on
the emergencies of policing; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: FIB
*a. 1838

60. The __________ was created as a response to the terrorist attacks on September 11,
2001.
@ Learning Objective: 6-6: Describe five different federal police agencies; Cognitive
Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: Policing in America Today; Question
Type: FIB
*a. U.S. Department of Homeland Security

61. During the reform era, police purchased __________ vehicles such as the Dodge
Dart and Chevy Caprice.
@ Learning Objective: 6-3: Explain the developments in policing during the four
main eras; Cognitive Domain: Knowledge; Answer Location: The American System
of Policing; Question Type: FIB
*a. police package

62. Which two factors often determine a police agency’s jurisdiction?

@ Learning Objective: 6-4: Distinguish between municipal, county, state, and federal
police; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: Introduction; Question
Type: SA
*a. Answers vary; Geographical boundary and type of crime

63. Identify four types of tests an applicant must take in order to become a police
officer.
@ Learning Objective: 6-4: Distinguish between municipal, county, state, and federal
police; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The Structure of
Modern Police Departments; Question Type: SA
*a. Answers vary; Written, oral, physical, background, medical, psychological, and
polygraph

64. Why is it important to understand the English system of policing in order to

understand our system of policing in America?
@ Learning Objective: 6-1: Identify the influence of early societal development on
the emergencies of policing; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: Types of
Societies and Policing; Question Type: SA
*a. Answers vary; Our very own police system in the United States was brought over
with the English when America was nothing but an English colony beginning in
1607 with the settling of Jamestown in Virginia.

65. Identify one drawback of the professionalization of the police.

@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: SA
*a. Answers vary; The police became alienated from the community.

66. Which two concepts revolutionized policing at the end of the 20th century?
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Comprehension; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: SA
*a. Answers vary; Community policing and problem-oriented policing

67. How does the form of government in America pertain to policing in the U.S.?
@ Learning Objective: 6-1: Identify the influence of early societal development on
the emergencies of policing; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location:
Introduction; Question Type: SA
*a. Answers vary; The police officers are hired and employed by the national
government, all wear the same uniform of their nation’s police, and they all have
vehicles marking them as the nation’s police force. In America, however, because we
have a more decentralized form of government and because policing from its
inception was seen as a local responsibility, there is no national police force in the
U.S. So, rather than having one police department serving the entire country, we
have over 18,000 police agencies serving the American people today.

68. Describe the reforms of August Vollmer.

@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: ESS
*a. Answers vary; Vollmer was the first to field bicycles to all of his officers; he
created an early police academy, he developed in-service training for his officers, the
first crime lab in the United States, and the first program for police higher education
at the University of California at Berkeley. Vollmer was also instrumental in
educating many of America’s future police chiefs and he influenced them to develop
policing as a profession—what has become known as the professional model of
policing. Vollmer believed that just like doctors, dentists and lawyers, police officers
should be educated first in order to do their job and that they should have
professional standards and a code of ethics.

69. Describe the political machine in the late 1800s and how this affected policing.
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: ESS
*a. Answers vary; It was a very corrupt system that did anything and everything to
gain power and—once in power—keep that power. Elections were far more vicious
than they are today, with politicians bribing voters with money, liquor, and other
forms of vice, and using strong-men and gangs to prevent certain groups from
voting—all depending on which party was currently in power. There was also a
strong relationship between the politicians and the businesses, as well as the vice
lords. The politicians accepted money from the businessmen in order to get elected
and, once elected, they continued to accept money to prevent any laws from being
passed that might hurt their businesses. For instance, if workers wanted to organize
into labor unions, businesses would pay the politicians to prevent laws from being
passed that would allow such organizations to exist, thus remaining in power by
pleasing the businesses. The vice lords, which were running such illegal operations
as gambling casinos, brothels, and keeping saloons open on the Sabbath, also had to
pay off the politicians in order to keep their corrupt businesses running so that they
could remain open and profitable. At the center of all of this, as an extension of the
political machine, were the police. The police during the political era were simply
doing the bidding of the political machine.

70. Discuss the reasons that some argue that the Boston Police Department was
considered the first official police department in the United States.
@ Learning Objective: 6-2: Evaluate the influence of the English system of policing
on the American system; Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: The
American System of Policing; Question Type: ESS
*a. Answers vary; The Boston Police did not wear uniforms and were not issued
identifying badges. Their presence was felt less than their counterparts in England
and they were not very successful in reducing crime, and in fact, they were not
officially created until 1854 when both the watch and the ward were disbanded.
This is why many argue that the New York City Police Department was the first
official police department in the United States as it formed in 1845

71. Describe the organizational structure of the Houston Police Department.

@ Learning Objective: 6-7: Explain how police departments are structured;
Cognitive Domain: Analysis; Answer Location: The Structure of Modern Police
Departments; Question Type: ESS
*a. Answers vary; The Chief of Police, Chief Charles A. McClelland, Jr., is located at
the top of the chain-of-command for it is his job to both lead and manage the police
department. He has a staff of personnel who work for him and these are the
command staff. The next level consists of the mid-level managers such as “Traffic
Enforcement,” which is run by Captain Balmbridge. This Captain then has Sergeants
who serve as field supervisors, supervisors who oversee the line officers on the
street while they are engaged in traffic enforcement, and then the officers
themselves—the line officers.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
instructing
Instruction
Instructions
instructive
instructors
instrument
instrumental
instrumentality
instruments
insubordination
insufficiency
insufficient
insufficiently
insular
insulating
insulation
insult
insulted
insulting
insultingly
insults
insuperable
insurance
insure
insured
insures
insurgent
insurgents
insuring
Insurrection
insurrectionary
insurrections
insusceptible
intact
intake
integral
integrity
intellectual
Intelligence
intelligent
intelligently
intelligible
intemperance
intend
Intendants
intended
intending
intends
intense
intensely
intensify
intensity
intent
intention
intentional
intentionally
intentioned
intentions
intently
intents
INTER
interaction
interceded
intercept
intercepted
intercepting
interchange
interchanged
Intercolonial
Intercontinental
intercourse
interdict
interdicted
interdiction
Interest
interested
interesting
interestingly
interests
interfere
interfered
Interference
interfering
interim
interior
interlopers
intermarriage
intermarry
intermediaries
intermediary
intermediate
intermediation
interments
interminable
intermission
intermittent
Intermix
intermixed
intern
internal
International
internationalisation
internationally
internecine
interned
internment
internments
Interoceanic
interparliamentary
Interpellation
interpeller
interposed
interposition
interpret
interpretation
interpretative
interpreted
interpreter
interpreting
interprets
interred
interregnum
interrogated
interrupt
interrupted
interrupters
interrupting
interruption
interruptions
intersected
intersection
interspersed
interstate
interval
intervals
intervene
intervened
intervenes
intervening
intervention
interview
Interviews
interwoven
intestine
intimate
intimated
intimately
intimating
intimation
intimations
intimidate
intimidated
intimidation
intituled
into
intolerable
intolerance
intoxicants
intoxicating
intra
intractable
intrench
intrenched
intrenching
intrenchments
intrepid
intrepidity
intrepidly
intricate
intrigue
intriguers
intrigues
intrinsic
introduce
introduced
introduces
introducing
Introduction
introductory
intruders
intruding
intrusion
intrust
intrusted
intuition
intuitions
intéressants
inundated
inundation
inundations
invade
invaded
invaders
invading
Invalid
invalidate
invalided
Invalides
invalidity
invalids
invaluable
invariable
invariably
invasion
invasions
inveighing
invent
invented
inventing
invention
INVENTIONS
inventive
inventor
inventors
inventory
Inverness
invest
invested
investigate
investigated
investigating
INVESTIGATION
investigations
investigator
investigators
investing
investment
investments
investors
invests
inveterately
inviolability
inviolable
inviolably
inviolate
invisible
invitation
invitations
invite
invited
invites
inviting
invocation
invoice
invoiced
invoices
invoke
invoked
invokes
invoking
involuntary
involve
involved
involves
involving
invulnerability
invulnerable
inward
inwardly
iota
Iowa
irade
Iraq
IRELAND
Irish
irksome
Irkutch
Irkutsk
Iron
ironclad
Irons
Ironside
Iroquois
irrational
irreconcilable
irreconcilables
irregular
irregularities
irregularity
irregularly
irregulars
irrelevant
irremediable
Irreparable
irrepressible
irresistible
irrespective
irresponsible
irrevocable
irrevocably
irrigate
irrigated
irrigates
irrigation
irritable
irritated
irritating
irritation
irritations
Irving
is
Isaac
Isabela
Isham
Ishpeming
Isidro
Iskanderoun
Isla
Islam
island
islanders
islands
Isle
Ismail
Ismid
isolate
isolated
isolating
isolation
Ispahan
Isparhecher
ISRAEL
Israelite
Israelites
Israélite
issuance
Issue
Issued
issues
Issuing
isthmian
isthmus
Istria
it
ITAGAKI
Italian
Italians
Italy
item
items
Ito
Its
itself
IV
ivory
IVth
ivy
IX
J
Jacinto
Jack
jackals
jacket
jacketed
jackets
jacks
Jackson
Jacob
Jacobinism
Jacobowski
Jacobus
Jacquemyns
jade
Jaffa
jailors
Jalhay
Jalisco
Jallon
JAMAICA
jamais
James
Jameson
jams
Jan
Janeiro
Janeway
JANUARY
Japan
Japanese
jar
Jardine
Jarlin
jarring
jars
Jasen
Javier
Jay
je
jealous
jealousies
jealously
jealousy
Jean
Jedburgh
jeering
JEFFERSON
Jeffersonian
Jehovah
Jehu
Jena
Jenner
jeopardize
jeopardized
jeopards
jeopardy
Jerid
Jerome
Jersey
Jerusalem
Jesse
Jesuit
Jesuits
Jesus
jet
jetties
Jew
jewel
jewels
Jewish
Jews
Jiji
Jiminez
jingo
Jingoism
Joan
Joannes
Joaquin
Job
jobbers
jobbery
jobs
Joel
Johann
Johannes
JOHANNESBURG
Johannesburgers
Johansen
John
Johns
Johnson
Johnston
Johnstown
join
joined
Joining
joins
joint
jointly
joints
Joinville
Joliet
Jolo
Jomalig
Jonah
Jonas
JONATHAN
Jones
Jonkheer
Joppa
Joralemon
Jordan
Jorge
Jorgensen
Jose
JOSEF
Joseph
Josephine
Joshua
Josiah
Joss
Josshouse
José
Joubert
jour
Journal
journalism
journalist
journalistic
journalists
journals
journey
journeyed
journeying
journeys
Joy
joyful
joyfully
joys
João
Jr
Ju
Juan
Juanillo
Juarez
Juba
Jubaland
JUBILEE
Judah
Judean
Judge
judged
Judges
judging
judgment
Judgments
judicature
judicial
judicially
Judiciary
judicious
judiciously
Judson
Judæa
Judæan
jugement
juger
Juggernaut
jugular
jugée
Jui
Juif
Jules
Julian
Julio
Julius
JULY
jumble
jumped
jumps
junction
JUNE
Jung
jungle
jungles
Junior
Junius
Junker
Junkerthum
junks
junta
Jura
jurally
juridiquc
juries
Juris
jurisdiction
jurisdictional
jurisdictions
jurisprudence
Jurist
Jurists
Juror
jurors
Jury
Just
justement
juster
Justice
justices
justifiable
justification
justified
justifies
justify
justifying
Justin
justly
Jutland
Jutlanders
juvenile
juxtaposition
Jêho
k
Kabagambe
Kabarega
Kabayama
Kabayma
Kabul
Kabyle
Kabyles
Kaffir
Kaffirs
Kafiristan
Kafirs
Kafukwe
Kagayan
Kagoshima
Kahoolawe
Kahului
kai
Kaidalovo
kaids
Kaimakam
Kaiphing
Kaiping
Kairwan
Kaiser
Kaishin
Kaishinto
Kaiulani
Kakushinto
Kalabaka
Kalakaua
Kalamines
Kalgoorlie
Kalindero
Kalnoky
Kamchatka
Kamerun
KAMERUNS
Kandahar
Kanem
KANG
Kanitz
Kann
Kansas
Kansu
Kao
Kaph
KAPILAVASTU
Kapiolani
Kara
Karachi
Karahissar
Karatheodory
Karene
Karina
Karl
Karlovich
KARNAK
Karnatik
Karukala
Kasar
Kashgar
Kashmir
Kasr
Kassaba
KASSALA
Kasson
Katholische
Katikiro
KATIPUNAN
Kauai
Kazan
Kazungu
KEARSARGE
Kedleston
Kedong
keel
Keeley
keen
Keene
keener
keenest
keenly
keep
keeper
keepers
Keeping
keeps
Keewatin
Keifer
Kekewich
Kelat
Kellogg
Kelly
Kelvin
Kempff
Kengi
Kensei
Kent
Kentucky
Kepler
kept
Keramia
Kerens
kerosene
Kestner
Ketteler
kew
key
keys
Keystone
KHAIBAR
Khalid
Khalifa
khalifas
Khan
khans
Khaorbin
Kharran
Khartoum
Khartum
Khedival
Khedive
Khedivial
Khel
Khiva
Khodynskoye
Khotan
Khufu
Khulan
Khyber
Ki
KIANG
Kiango
Kiangsi
Kiangsu
KIAO
Kiaochau
Kiaochou
Kiaochow
Kibero
kicking
kidnapped
kidnapping
kidney
kidneys
Kieff
Kiel
Kien
Kienning
Kiffi
Kiggins
Kikuyu
kill
killed
KILLING
Killowen
kilograms
kilometers
kilometre
kilometres
kilomètres
Kimberley
kin
kind
kindle
kindled
kindlier