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Cybersecurity Risk Discussion with Relevant Laws

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DOI: 10.32628/1J SRST52411253

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 International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology

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Available online at: www.ijsrst.com

Print ISSN: 2395-6011 I Online ISSN: 2395-602X doi: https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST52411253

1JSRST

Cybersecurity Risk Discussion with Relevant Laws

Pham Anh Dung1, Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy2', Dinh Tran Ngoc Hien3, Sylwia Gwoidziewicz4
ThD, Apollos University, Montana, US.
-2
MBA, Banking University HCMC Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam - International University of Japan, Niigata, Japan
3
BSc Ho Chi Minh Technical University Vietnam
4
PhD, Jacob of Paradies University in Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland
*Corresponding Author: dtnhuy2010@gmail.com

ARTICLEINFO ABSTRACT

Article History: In the context of post Covid 19 pandemic, This paper outlines What are
Cybersecurity risks? For online transactions? And What are suggestions
Accepted: 10 March 2024
for Protecting consumer interests in online transactions?
Published: 27 March 2024
By using analysis, experiences, observations, practical situation with cases
studies of our country-Vietnam, and also use qualitative, analysis, synthesis
research methods, this study suggest that When detecting that the account
Publication Issue:
has an abnormality or mistakenly transferred or received, consumers need
Volume 11, Issue 2
to contact the bank directly to solve it, do not bring it online to inquire,
March- April-2024
and do not send the OTP password to any individual request. Currently,
Page Number:
most banks use Smart OTP, biometric authentication..., customers should
352-360
also switch to this method, limit the use of receiving OTP passwords via
SMS to avoid being cheated. Second, to prevent online risks clients need
Not to provide personal information, bank account, OTP password,
Internet banking and mobile banking username and password for
strangers.
Keywords : Cybersecurity Risks, Threats, Online Consumers, Protection,
Suggestions

I. INTRODUCTION network scanning attacks (15.65%), APT attacks

(14.36%); authentication attacks (9.39%); malicious
Current situation of information security in Vietnam code attack (7.58%)
Of the 48,646 cyberattacks on critical IT systems in the According to Senior Colonel Do Minh Kim, Deputy
first half of 2022, exploit attacks still accounted for the Head of Division 3 - Department of Cybersecurity and
majority with nearly 53% of total attacks; followed by High-Tech Crime Prevention (Ministry of Public

Copyright © 2024 The Authorfs): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative 352 Commons
Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium for non-commercial use provided the original author and source are credited.
 Pham Anh Dung et al Int J Sci Res Sci & Technol. March-April-2024,11 (2): 352-360

Security), many targeted cyber attacks (APTs) have and industry, the importance of
robust cybersecurity defence
been conducted against computer systems, important
systems has been highlighted at
information systems of countries, enterprises, and the corporate, national and
economic groups, causing serious consequences on supranational levels. The impacts
economic security and business operations. of inadequate cybersecurity are
Challenges to network security, privacy, and estimated to have cost the global
economy USD 945 billion in 2020
information safety are always in a state of high alarm.
Information from the Ministry also said: that Vietnam
Gomesh & 2022 The internet brought a new
is in the top 10 countries suffering from cyber-attacks Deshmukh revolution to the financial sector
and dangerous malware infections, ranked 7th in the and it has changed the way of
number of victims of cyberattacks, and ranked 2nd operations in the last two
decades. Now, people have the
among countries, most infected with crypto-mining
option to carry out banking
malware. transactions from a place of their
(source: vnetwork.vn) choice without having to go to a
In the Draft Law on the identification of organizations nearby bank office. E-banking has
and individuals doing business in cyberspace, they become an integral part of the
banking system and has become a
include:
popular method of transaction for
- Organizations and individuals doing business by the majority of people. A user has
themselves or through online platforms having a wide range of options for
transactions in cyberspace with consumers, which we managing his money through
numerous internet banking
are now accustomed to calling e-commerce (online
methods. While internet banking
sales platforms). is an aid for customers, they still
- Business organizations and individuals set up, have to be vigilant to keep their
operate and provide online intermediary platform accounts safe from
cybercriminals and hackers, as
services to consumers.
everything on the internet is
We also summarize related studies: prone to security threats. Internet
security measures followed by the
Table 1- Previous studies
majority of the bank sites to
Authors Year Content, results protect their information are not
Williams et al 2020 Companies must implement up-to-date as compared to the
well-defined software upgrade dynamic cyber threats. Such
procedures, should use secure problems have made it easy for
networks like virtual local area confidential financial
networks, and conduct regular information to fall into the hands
penetration tests of their of third parties and
systems. By understanding cybercriminals. Although there
factors that make individuals, are several security measures to
health care organizations, and stop data breaches, there are still
employers more susceptible to flaws in these systems. The goal
cyberattacks, we can better of this study article is to look at
prepare for the next pandemic. the number of cyber security
Maleks Smith et al. 2020 issues in internet banking in
Globalisation, digitalisation and
India and the consumer’s
smart technologies have
escalated the propensity and
severity of cybercrime. Whilst it
is an emerging field of research

International loumal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology (www.ijsrst.com) I Volume 11 I Issue 2 355
 Pham Anh Dung et al Int J Sci Res Sci & Technol. March-April-2024,11 (2): 352-360

awareness of these issues and Relevant regulations and experiences from European
preventive measures used by
countries also researched.
them. Our research is
particularly based on primary
data III. MAIN FINDINGS
Aseri 2021
Online shopping, and e- 3.1. Online transactions risks
commerce in general, have First risk is identity risk. Verifying the identity of a
gained popularity and provide
partner is not easy and can lead to illegal activities such
more convenient and less
as money laundering, forging documents. Online
stressful options transacting
online. Consumers can now transactions made when buyers and sellers do not know
each other so there are risks.
enjoy accessing products from
distant stores according to their
Second, risks in differences in culture, language,
preference, a factor that gives
payment habits, international law...
consumers the ability to choose
Third, risks from hackers. For instance, hackers can use
without considering distance
email or mobile to send sms messages to consumers in
and long queues. While online
shopping promises to be a better
which they played roles of banks and ask for consumer
option to the consumer, the
personal information such as bank account, username
channel is susceptible to threats,
and password of clients account, OTP password in
referring to elements that have
internet banking or mobile banking, etc...then they
the potential to inflict serious
harm on a user's privacy leading
steal money of clients easily. Or they can send link for
to data breaches and a
consumers to click then they steal money.
compromise of data security. As
a consequence consumers are
Fourth, so called cyber security risks.
Fifth, Using online payment, also known as electronic
uncertain on whether to trust
online shopping. This paperpayment, customers will receive many promotions,
includes information on thediscount codes of stores, buy cheaply so they can save
threats of online shopping and
costs.
highlights consumer
In case you go on a business trip away from home,
perceptions, including negative
consumer perceptions. travel and need to spend a lot of money. At this time,
The
paper provides awareness oncarrying cash in large quantities will not be safe due to
cyber security issues, including
the situation of pickpockets and robberies that are
ways online shoppers and
merchants can
difficult to control. With electronic payment, you only
protect
need a smartphone connected to the internet to be able
themselves from data breaches
and attacks through methodsto pay easily 24/7. In particular, personal information is
such as phishing and adware.
highly confidential, so customers are not afraid of being
(source: author synthesis and analysis) exposed.
In addition to e-wallets, users can pay online via
II. METHODOLOGY domestic and international bank transfers, etc.
Electronic payment systems can be hacked at any time
In this study, the authors choose analysis, experiences, if users do not have good security or follow security
observations, practical situation with cases studies of regulations.
our country-Vietnam, but it also uses will use
qualitative, analysis, synthesis research methods.

International loumal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology (www.ijsrst.com) I Volume 11 I Issue 2
 Pham Anh Dung et al Int J Sci Res Sci & Technol. March-April-2024,11 (2): 352-360
The situation of writing the wrong amount of money
transferred via bank accounts or e-wallets is not
uncommon nowadays. There have been many cases of
overpayment or transfer to the wrong object.
Anti-DDoS solution and Web/App protection for
businesses DDoS attacks with hundreds of Gbps
(Gigabits per second) traffic are capable of bringing
down many Web Server systems of targeted businesses.
However, VNETWORK’s customers will still be assured
of safety. We have the security platform of VNIS
(VNETWORK Internet Security) that helps to
comprehensively protect the enterprise’s Web Server
against all forms of DDoS attacks as large as thousands
of Tbps (Terabit Per Second).
VNIS has been recognized by the world’s leading
security organization, Gartner, as the platform
representing the world’s leading Content Delivery
Networks (CDNs). Learn more about VNIS’s smart web
application and website security features below,
(source: vnetwork.vn)
3.2. Cybersecurity risks and Protecting consumer
interests in online transactions
Aseri (2021) mentioned risks for online shoppers:
Firs is Phishing: One of the most prevalent security
breaches affecting online shoppers are executed
through phishing. As the name purports, a user is lured
into giving his or her important passwords and credit
card details using a click bait. Phishing is a situation
where fraudsters transmit emails which they falsely
claim to be affiliated to highly reputed firms so as to
extract an individual’s personal data. Phishing uses
disguised emails as its main weapon, the goal being to
trick a user with an urgent message such as a request
from the user’s bank requiring the user to download a
form. The malpractice can be categorized according to
the user’s intentions. It can be done to extract
important information from the client, by tailoring a
message to resemble a bank. Phishing can also lure a
user into downloading malware, the files usually come
with .zip extensions or Office documents embedded
environments for new Industry 4.0 ICT, including their
components and systems. One of the instruments of
International loumal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology (www.ijsrst.com) I Volume 11 I Issue 2
with malicious
code, ransom ware is one of the most common
malicious codes and has been detected in 93% of
phishing emails.
Second is Fake Online Stores.
Third is Theft of data : Data theft has become an issue as
online merchants
accumulate important client information on their
databases. System administrators and other workers
who are authorized to access servers can access data
without the owner’s
knowledge. A survey conducted by the British Retail
Consortium (BRC) saw 62% of the respondents
acknowledge data theft by system administrators and
other workers as a threat.
We also look at:
Figure 1 - An overview of the current cyber
information/risk landscape
(source: from EIOPA (2018) and Romanosky et al.
(2019)).
Then we can refer to European experiences in dealing
with cybersecurity crime:
Launching funding programs for companies and other
entities to support their transition to a secure Industry
4.0 ecosystem, including financial support for joint
cyber security activities.
Small and medium-sized enterprises are an important
driver of innovation and economic growth of the
European Union member states. Therefore, in
developed countries, enterprises are encouraged to
introduce innovations and R&D to secure
financial support is Commission Decision (C (2016)
4400) of 5 July 2016 on the signing of a contractual
355
 Pham Anh Dung et al Int J Sci Res Sci & Technol. March-April-2024,11 (2): 352-360
arrangement on a public-private partnership for cyber
security industrial research and innovation between the
European Union, represented by the Commission, and
the stakeholder organization and Regulation (EU) No
513/2014 of the European Parliament and of the
Council of 16 April 2014 establishing, as part of the
Internal Security Fund, the instrument for financial
support for police cooperation, preventing and
combating crime, and crisis management and repealing
Council Decision 2007/125 / JHA. From January 1,
2014, to December 31, 2020, the following were
allocated and awarded as part of the Facility:
- measures to prevent and combat cyber crime, raising
the level of security of citizens and businesses in
cyberspace, in particular projects building the capacity
of law enforcement and justice authorities, projects
ensuring cooperation with the industry sector to
empower and protect citizens, and projects improving
the ability to deal with cyber-attacks ;
- measures to increase the administrative and
operational capacity of the Member States in the field of
critical infrastructure protection in all sectors of the
economy, in particular projects promoting publicprivate
partnerships to gain trust and facilitate cooperation,
coordination, emergency planning and exchange and
dissemination of information and best practices
between public and private entities.
The instrument should complement and strengthen
actions taken to develop cooperation between the
relevant European Union bodies and the Member States
to achieve the objectives of the Instrument in the field
of police cooperation, prevent and combating crime,
and crisis management.
The instrument supports actions taken in the Member
States, in particular actions to improve police
cooperation and coordination between law enforcement
authorities, including between relevant Union bodies,
in particular Europol and Eurojust, joint investigation
teams and any other form of joint cross-border
operations, access to information, their exchange and
interoperable technologies; networking, identification,
exchange and dissemination of knowhow, experience,
and best practices, information sharing, knowledge of
International loumal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology (www.ijsrst.com) I Volume 11 I Issue 2
situations and perspectives, emergency planning and
interoperability; exchange, training and education of
staff and experts of relevant authorities.
The presented recommendations concern broad
possibilities to encourage undertaking and
strengthening cross-border cooperation when applying
for EU funds. On the one hand, companies wanting to
implement innovative solutions regarding new ICT
technologies in Industry 4.0 and how to secure them.
On the other hand, state institutions and bodies wishing
to implement appropriate technological constructions,
in proportion to the actions taken and the legal and
formal scope of their obligations in counteracting cyber
crime, also to improve international jurisdiction when
it comes to developing countries or countries which are
not members of the European Union.
IV. DISCUSSION
In our country we discuss relevant laws to protect
consumers:
Vietnam’s digital economy is projected to exceed US$43
billion by 2025 as the country continues to pursue
projects in e-govemment, internet of things, smart
cities, financial technology, artificial intelligence etc.
With cyberspace blurring regional and national
boundaries, Vietnam will likely face an increase in
cyber threats, and sophisticated attacks.
In recent years, the Vietnam government had issued
numerous regulations in its effort to strengthen the
local cybersecurity landscape, including:
• Directive No. 22/CT-BTTTT issued in May 2021 by the
Ministry of Information and Communications focused
on strengthening the prevention and combat of law
violations and crimes on the Internet.
• Decision 1907/QD-TTg issued in 2020 which
approves the Ministry of Information and
Communications raise awareness and disseminate
knowledge about information security for 2021-2025.
• Prime Minister’s Directive No.l4/CT-TTg in June
2019 enhanced safety measures on cybersecurity of the
public sector whereby at least cybersecurity spend must
account for 10% of an organisation’s total annual IT
 Pham Anh Dung et al Int J Sci Res Sci & Technol. March-April-2024,11 (2): 352-360
expenditure in 2020-2025.
• Personal Data Protection Draft Decree, once enacted
is set to be the first comprehensive legislation on
personal data.
These efforts have yielded positive results given in
2020, Vietnam ranked 25th out of 194 countries in [4] . D Thi Ngu, DT Huong, DTN Huy, PT Thanh,
Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI). This ranking is a
significant improvement from 2018 and 2017 when
Vietnam was placed in the 50th and 100th positions
respectively. In addition, this result exceeded Vietnam’s
target to enter the GCI’s top 30 countries in 2030 as per
the Prime Minister’s Decision No. 749/QD-TTg dated 3
June 2020.
(source: pwc.com).
V. CONCLUSION
First, Clients/consumers are advised to be vigilant when
conducting online transactions. When detecting that
the account has an abnormality or mistakenly
transferred or received, please contact the bank directly
to solve it, do not bring it online to inquire, and do not
send the OTP password to any individual request.
Currently, most banks use Smart OTP, biometric
authentication..., customers should also switch to this [7] . DTN Huy. (2015). The critical analysis of
method, limit the use of receiving OTP passwords via
SMS to avoid being cheated. Second, to prevent online
risks clients need:
- Not to provide personal information, bank account, [8] . DTN Huy, DTN Hien. (2010). The backbone of
OTP password, Internet banking and mobile banking
username and password for strangers
- Not to click on strange finks.
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Cite this article as :

Pham Anh Dung, Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy, Dinh Tran

Ngoc Hien, Sylwia Gwozdziewicz, "Cybersecurity Risk
Discussion with Relevant Laws", International Journal
of Scientific Research in Science and Technology
(IJSRST), Online ISSN : 2395-602X, Print ISSN : 2395-
6011, Volume 11 Issue 2, pp. 352-360, March-April
2024. Available at doi :
https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST52411253
Journal URL : https://ijsrst.com/IJSRST52411253

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology (www.ijsrst.com) I Volume 11 I Issue 2