Dentinogenesis Oral Histology Ass. Prof. Dr/ Baleegh A.

Alkadasi
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Dentinogenesis

Dentinogenesis

- Is the process of dentin formation which occurs at the bell

stage.
- The formation of dentin needs a specialized type of cells, this
is so called odontoblast (dentin formative cells).
- They are present in the peripheral cell layer of dental papilla
as an undifferentiated mesodermal cells.
- They differeniate by an order from the adjacent inner enamel
epithelium at the late bell stage.
- The boundary between I.E.E & the odontoblasts outline
represents the future dentino-enamel junction.

Histology of the odontoblast

- The nuclei occupy a more

basal position in the cell & the
organells become bore
evident in the cytoplasm.
- The appearance of rough
endoplasmic reticulum
(R.E.R), Golgi’s complex and
mitochondria indicate the protein producing nature of these
cells.

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 Dentinogenesis Oral Histology Ass. Prof. Dr/ Baleegh A. Alkadasi
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Development of dentin (dentinogenesis):

-The dentinogenesis take place in two phases:

1- collagen matrix formation
2- mineralization

Collagen matrix formation

- As the odontoblast elongate, they gain the appearance of

protein producing cell. A process develop at the proximal end
the cell, adjacent to dentinoenamel junction (DEJ).
- Gradually, the cell moves pulpward and the cell process
(known odontoblastic process) elongates.

- The odontoblast becomes active in dentinal matrix formation.

- Increments of dentin are formed along the dentinoenamel
junction.
- The dentinal matrix is first a meshwork of collagen fibers, but
within the 24 hours it become calcified.
- It a called predentin before calcification and dentin after
calcification.

• Notes:

The odontoblast secrete 2 types of proteins:

1-the main type collagenous amino acids to form protein molecule.

2- Non collagenous: secrete and form the ground substance (type of

mucopolysacharide, glycoprotein and proteoglycan).

The matrix is secreted by odontoblast. The daily secration average

is about 4 µm depending upon the activity of odontoblast.
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 Dentinogenesis Oral Histology Ass. Prof. Dr/ Baleegh A. Alkadasi
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- At the early stage of old, the average of secretion is about 6µm
later (40-50 old) will decrease to about 1µm. Average secretion
in general is (4 µm).

- At the time the dental papilla becomes the dental pulp as the
dentin begin to surround it.

- The odontoblast maintain their elongateing processes in dentinal

tubules.

- The collagenous dentinal matrix is laid down in increments like

enamel or bone, which is indicative of daily rhythm for hard
tissue formation.

- The site of initial differentiation of odontoblast at cusp tips and

incisal edges and continoue until the apex of the root.

Mineralization

- The initial calcification appears as crystals that are in small

vesicles on the surface and within the collagen fibers.
- The crystals (hydroxyapetite (calcium phosphate) grow, spread
and coalesece until the matrix is completely calcified.
- Only the newly formed band of dentinal matrix along the pulpal
border is uncalcified.

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