CH 9

Structural Steel Design

Using LRFD

Prof. Hanan Eltobgy

Civil Engineering Department
Faculty of Eng., at Shobra, Cairo,
Benha University, Egypt
2021/2022

• Table of contents
Chapter 9 • Beam Column Design Concept
Design of Beam Column
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• Local Buckling
• Design Steps
Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

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 Chapter 9
Design of Beam Column
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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

Design of Beam Column Concept

• The presence of normal force and bending moment, leads to

interaction between the individual buckling modes of beams
and columns. That means, lateral torsional buckling
occurs simultaneously with flexural buckling about X and Y
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axes and torsional buckling.

Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

• The Theoretical interaction equation is relatively complicated ;

therefore, the ECP adopted the AISC (LRFD) Interaction
Empirical Approach.

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 • According to the ECP, for Doubly Symmetric Section and for Singly
Symmetric I‐section, with a bigger flange area not more than twice the
smaller flange area, theinteraction strength is governed by the following
equation as illustrated in figure below :

7.1a

7.1b

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

Beam Column Interaction Equations

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General Notes for Beam Column Design

• Check of Compactness against Local Buckling

1) For Flange :
Flange is always under uniform compression, so for flange use the following
limits.

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

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 General Notes for Beam Column Design
• Check of Compactness against Local Buckling

1) For Web :
Web is subjected to tension and compression, so the compact and non:‐compact
limits are different.

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

General Notes for Beam Column Design

α is calculated as following :
• Compact limits
There are two cases are to be checked: α dw = +a
• Case 1 :
2a * tw * Fy = Pu
Plastic N.A. is within the web, i.e., Pu < dw*tw*Fy

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

Stress Distribution on Compact Web

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 General Notes for Beam Column Design

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

α is calculated as following :

α dw = +a

2a * tw * Fy = Pu

General Notes for Beam Column Design

• Case 2 :

Plastic N.A. is within the Flange , i.e. Pu > dw*tw*Fy

In this case, the web is entirely under compression, therefore the

compact limit is given by:

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

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 General Notes for Beam Column Design

• Non‐Compact limits

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

Stress Distribution on Non‐Compact Web

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General Notes for Beam Column Design

• Non‐Compact limit is given by :

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

ψ is calculated as following :

ψ= ‐1

Py= A * Fy

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 Design Steps:

1) Determine the ultimate straining actions (Pu, Mu, Vu) according to the
Critical load Combination
2) Select a Preliminary Section according to the following Conditions:
∗
a) λx = ≤ 180 get rx

∗
b) λy = ≤ 180 get ry
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c) Assume a reasonable value for Fcr :

Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

Ag = get Ag
∅ ∗

d) Assume a reasonable value for Mn :

Sx = get Sx
∅ ∗

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Select a section to satisfy these conditions

3) Check Compactness against local buckling.

4) Calculate the Axial Resistance of Section (Pn)

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5) Calculate the Bending Resistance of Section (Mn)

Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

6) Check the selected preliminary section under the ultimate

loads using Interaction Equation.

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 Solved Example
For the shown braced column, select a suitable hot‐rolled
section, using steel 52. The straining actions given below:
P : (DL=24.0 ton, LL=6.0 ton)
M: (DL=10.0 t.m, LL=4.0 t.m)

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

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Solution:
Lx= 6.0 m, Ly=Lz=Lu= 3.0 m
1) Straining actions:
Pu = 1.2*24+ 1.6*6 = 38.4 ton
Mu = 1.2*10+1.6*4 = 18.4 t.m
Pu = 38.4 ton and Mu = 18.4 t.m
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2) Preliminary Section:
∗
a 𝑟𝑥 = = 3.33 cm
Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

∗
b 𝑟𝑦 = = 1.67 cm

c) Assume Fcr = 0.6 * Fy = 0.6 * 3.6 = 2.16 t/cm2

.
Ag = = 22.22 cm2
. ∗ .

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 d) Assume Mn = 0.8 * My
.
Sx = = 1002 cm
. ∗ . ∗ .

From a, b, c, d Try IPE 360

Geometrical Properties (from table) For IPE360 section:

d= 36 cm, bf 17 cm, tw=0.8 cm, tf = l.27 cm, dw=29 .86 cm

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lx= 16266 cm4, ly=1043 cm4, rx=15 cm, ry=3 .79 cm, Ag=72 .7 cm2
Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

J=37.4 cm4, Cw= 315000 cm6, Sx= 904 cm3, Zx= 1019 cm3

Where: • Cw = warping constant cm6 = Iy*h^2/4 where h=dw‐tf

𝒃𝒕𝟑
• J = torsional constant ∑
𝟑
• For I‐sec ; J= [2/3]bf*tf^3 + [1/3]*dw*tw^3
G = shear modulus (ksi) = 11,200 ksi (= 807 t/cm2 ) for structural steel

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3) Check Compactness against Local Buckling:

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

Then the section is Compact against local buckling

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 4) Calculate Axial Resistance:

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

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5) Calculate Flexural Resistance:

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Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

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 7) Check Selected Section:

.
= =0.315 > 0.2
∅ ∗ . ∗ .

Then use Equation 7.1 a

.
+ *( ) = 0.315 + * ( ) = 0.84 <1
∅ ∗ ∅ ∗ . ∗ .
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Then the Section Selected is Safe

Chapter 9: Design of Beam Column

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