Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction
Introduction
• What is manufacturing
• Manufacturing (or Production): The process of converting raw
materials into products that have value in the marketplace
Value Added
Technology
Manufacturing
1. RESOURCES/COMMODITY DRIVEN
(1918 – Industrial Revolution)
Resources
2. MANUFACTURING DRIVEN
( - 1980) Mass production, cheap energy
3. TECHNOLOGY DRIVEN
(1981-1990s) Cheap chips, telecommunication, electronics, information highway
4. KNOWLEDGE DRIVEN
(1990 - ) Knowledge intensive tools, methods and employment
Challenges in Manufacturing Systems
• Facts
• Rapid changing market
• Fast development of new technology
• vacuum tubes -> transistors -> IC -> VLSI
• wiring -> thru-hole PCB -> Surface Mount Component
• To survive:
• Lower cost
• High quality
• Lower product development cycle
Factors affecting the evolution of manufacturing systems
P
Management e Ideas,
o Knowledge
Analysis / Teamwork p Synthesis /
l Wisdom
Reduction e Integration
Engin
Scienc eerin
g
e Evolution of
Discovery of Manufacturing Design
New Knowledge, Systems Manufacture
Basic Laws Econ Maintenance
Policy omic
Conte Co ntext
xt
T
e Capital Formation & Cost,
Societal Needs c
The Public Good, Standards, Devices h Investment
Processes n
Laws o Ideas
Systems l Information
o
g
y
Manufacturing: Historical Perspective
Jaikumar, R., “200 Years to CIM,” IEEE Spectrum, September, 1993.