INFINITIVE / GERUND

Exercise 1
Put the verbs in the -ing form or infinitive.
1. I like [listening] to the radio in the mornings. (listen)
2. [Doing] Pilates is good for your health. (do)
3. We've decided [not to have] holiday this year. (not have)
4. We won't take the car. It's impossible [to park]. (park)
5. I'm not very good at [reading] maps. (read)
6. You can borrow the car if you promise [to drive] slowly. (drive)
7. Has it stopped [raining]? (rain)
8. I don't mind [cooking], but I don't like [doing] the washing-up. (cook, do)
9. I hate [getting up] early in the morning. (get up)

Exercise 2
Choose the correct form.
1. I'm in charge of [recruiting* / to recruit] new staff.
2. It's important for me [spending / to spend*] time with my family.
3. [Applying* / Apply] for a job can be complicated.
4. The manager asked me [not saying / not to say*] anything about the redundancies.
5. My boss wants me [start / to start*] work earlier.
6. Be careful [not asking / not to ask*] about her boyfriend - they've split up.
7. We carried on [working* / to work] until we finished.
8. Dave is very good at [solving* / to solve] logic problems.
9. The best thing about weekends is [not going* / not to go] to work.
10. Layla gave up [modelling* / to model] when she had a baby.
11. I went on a training course [to learning / to learn*] about the new software.

Exercise 3
1. My sister is trying [to find] a new job. She doesn't get on with her boss. (find)
2. Do you remember [climbing] the apple tree in our parents' garden when we were
children? (climb)
3. We need [to call] a plumber because the shower's broken. (call)
4. Laura forgot [to send] her mother a birthday card. (send)
5. I remembered [to buy] the milk, but I forgot to buy any bread! (buy)
6. That shirt needs [ironing] if you want to wear it tonight. (iron)
7. I'll never forget [spending] a romantic weekend in Paris with my first boyfriend.
(spend)
 Exercise 4
1. We would like [paying / to pay* / pay] our bill now as we're leaving early tomorrow.
2. My husband doesn't mind [doing* / to do / do] housework.
3. I must [listening / to listen / listen*] to some of their songs before I go to the concert.
4. Our teacher makes us [checking / to check / check*] our homework.
5. Tom's doctor suggested [seeing* / to see / see] a specialist about his back.
6. Mark learned [playing / to play* / play] the guitar when he was a teenager.
7. My girlfriend's very possessive. She doesn't let me [going out / to go out / go out*]
with my friends anymore.
8. The man denied [stealing* / to steal / steal] the laptop from my bag.
9. Kim expects [getting / to get* / get] her exam results on Friday.
10. I've given up [buying* / to buy / buy] CDs because it's cheaper to download the tracks
l like.
11. I can't imagine [having to* / to have to / have to] get up at 6.00 every morning.
12. He managed [passing / to pass* / pass] his driving test although he was really
nervous.

CONDITIONALS 0, 1
Exercise 1

1. If you make a cake, you [firstly break] eggs. (Break)

2. If you haven't been to New York, you [haven't lived]. (Live)
3. If you [want] to be fit, you [need] to do some exercise every day. (Want,
need)
4. If the sun [sets], it [becomes] night. (set, become)
Exercise 2
Complete with the present simple or future with will.
1. That girl [will get] into trouble if she doesn't wear her uniform. (get)
2. If you give in your homework late, the teacher [won't mark] it. (not mark)
3. Don't write anything unless you [are] sure of the
4. answer. (be)
5. Gary will be expelled if his behaviour [doesn't improve]. (not improve)
6. They’ll be late for school unless they [hurry up]. (hurry)
7. Ask me if you [don't know] what to do. (not know)
8. Johnny will be punished if he [shouts] at the teacher again. (shout)
9. My sister [finishes] university this year if she passes all
10. her exams. (finish)
11. I [won’t go out] tonight unless I finish my homework quickly. (not go out)
12. Call me if you [need] some help with your project. (need)
Exercise 3
 1. If you [eat] too many calories, you put on weight. (Eat)
2. Plants die if they [don’t get] enough water. (Get)
3. If Justin [cooks] tonight, Karen will be delighted. (Cook)
4. Some dogs bite if they [are] scared. (Be)
5. If we don't sell our house, we [won’t move]. (Not move)
6. My sister [doesn’t answer] the phone if she's watching a film on TV. (Not
answer)
Exercise 4 (WITH AUDIO)
1. [As soon as] you get your exam results, call me.
2. We'll have dinner [when] your father gets home.
3. I won't go to bed [until] you come home.
4. I'll have a quick lunch [before] I leave.
5. [After] I finish university, I'll probably take a year off and travel.

CONDITIONALS 2, 3
Exercise 1
1. If I had a job, I [would get] my own flat. (Get)
2. If David [spoke] good English, he could get a job in that new hotel. (Spoke)
3. If your sister were here, she [would know] what to do. (Know)
4. If it [was] warmer, we could have a swim. (Be)
5. If [were] you, I'd buy a new computer. (Be)
6. I [would be] very angry if somebody broke into my house. (Be)
Exercise 2
1. Nick [wouldn't have to commute] every day if he [worked] from home. (Not have to
commute, work)
2. If they [didn't have] such a noisy dog, they [would get on] better with their neighbours.
(Not have, get on)
3. I [wouldn't buy] that bike if I [were] you - it's too expensive. (Not buy, be)
4. We [would sell] our house if somebody [offered] us enough money. (Sell, offer)
5. If my mother-in-law [lived] with us, we [would get divorced]. (Live, get divorced)
6. Would you share a flat with me if I [paid] half the rent? (Share, pay)
7. If my sister [tidied] her room more often, it [wouldn't be] such a mess. (Tidy, not be)
8. You [wouldn't treat] me like this if you really [loved] me. (Not treat, love)
9. If we [painted] the kitchen white, it [would look] bigger. (Paint, look)
10. [Would] you [think] about camping if you [couldn't afford] to stay in a hotel? (Think, not
can afford)
Exercise 3
 1. I didn't know you were in hospital. If [I had known] (I/ know), [I would have gone] (I /
go) to see you.
2. Sam got to the station just in time to catch the train to the airport. If [he had missed]
(he / miss) the train, [he would have missed] (he / miss) hos flight.
3. I'm glad that you reminded me about Amanda's birthday. [I would have forgotten] (I /
forget) if [you hadn’t reminded] (you, not, remind) me.
4. Unfortunately, I forgot my address book when I went on holiday. If [I had had] (I / have)
your address, [I would have sent] (I/ send) you a postcard.
5. A: How was your holiday? Did you have a nice time?
B: It was OK, but [we would have enjoyed] (we / enjoy) it more if [the weather had been]
(the weather / be) nicer.
6. I took a taxi to the hotel, but the traffic was bad. [It would have been] (it / be) quicker if
[I had walked] (I / walk).
7. I'm not tired. If [I was / were] (I / be) tired, I'd go home now.
8. I wasn't tired last night. If [I had been] (I / be) tired, I would have gone home earlier.
Exercise 4
1. If you could change one thing in your life, what [would] it [be]? (Be)
2. If she had a job, she [wouldn’t stay up] so late every night. (Not stay up)
3. We wouldn’t have a dog if we [didn’t have] a garden. (Not have)
4. If you [hadn’t taken] me to the airport, I would have missed my flight. (Not take)
5. If James hadn’t gone on that training course, he [wouldn’t have met] his wife. (Not meet)
6. If the police [had arrived] five minutes late, they [wouldn’t have caught] the thief.
(Arrive, not catch)

MODAL VERBS IN THE PAST

Exercise 1
1. Martin and Lucy are standing at the door of their friends' house.
2. They have rung the doorbell twice, but nobody has answered. Lucy says:
3. They [must have gone] (go) out.
4. I didn't hear the phone. I [must have been] (be) asleep.
5. ‘I have lost one of my gloves.’ ‘You [must have dropped] (drop) it somewhere.’
Exercise 2
1. A: I wonder why Kate didn't answer the phone.
B: She [might have been asleep]. (= perhaps she was asleep)
2. A: I can't find my bag anywhere.
B: You [might have left] it in the shop. (= perhaps you left it in the shop)
3. A: I was surprised that Kate wasn't at the meeting yesterday.
B: She [might not have known] about it. (= perhaps she didn't know)
Exercise 3
 1. She [can't have gone] (go) to bed. It's only ten o'clock!
2. You [can't have seen] (see) their faces very clearly. It was too dark.
3. You [can't have spent] (spend) very long on this essay - you've only written 100 words.
Exercise 4
1. • You missed a great party last night. You [should have] come. Why didn't you?
2. • I wonder why they're so late. They [should have] arrived long ago.
3. • I'm feeling sick. I [shouldn't have] eaten so much.
4. • She [shouldn't have] been listening to our conversation. It was private.
Exercise 5
1. She [must have] studied really hard. She passed all her exams with excellent grades.
2. You [shouldn't have] shouted at him. He’ll never forgive you.
3. He [must have] arrived by now. It's only a 20-minute journey.
4. The concert was fantastic. You really [should have] come.
5. The boss is in a terrible mood. The meeting [can’t have] been good.
6. Sarah [must have] been happy when she found out she was being promoted.
7. I had to wait 45 minutes for a bus yesterday. There [might have] been an accident or
maybe a strike.
8. He [can't have] bought a new car. He doesn't have any money.
9. Andrew did no revision for the exam, but he's passed. I think he [might have] cheated.
10. I left my bicycle in front of the library and it's disappeared. Someone [must have] stolen
it.
11. Clara was very upset with you yesterday. You [should have] apologised for saying she
was lazy.
12. John has forgotten about the meeting. We [should have] reminded him about it yesterday.
13. I'm sorry but Samantha isn't here. She [must have] already left the office.
14. You [shouldn't have] tried to fix the roof yourself. You might have fallen off and been
badly injured.
15. He [can’t have] known it was your birthday. Otherwise, I'm sure he would have wished
you a happy day.

Used to, be used to, get used to

Exercise 1
Complete the sentences with use(d) to + a suitable verb.
1. Diane doesn't travel much now. She [used to travel] a lot, but she prefers to stay at home
these days. (travel)
2. Liz [used to ride] a motorbike, but last year she sold and bought a car. (ride)
3. We came to live in London a few years ago. We [used to live]
4. in Leeds. (live)
5. I rarely eat ice-cream now, but I [used to overeat] it when I was a child. (overeat)
6. Jim [used to be] my best friend, but we aren't good friends any longer. (be)
7. It only takes me about 40 minutes to get to work now that the new road is open. It [used
to take] more than an hour. (take)
 8. There [used to be] a hotel near the airport, but it closed a long time ago. (be)
9. When you lived in New York, [did you use to go] to the theatre very often? (go)
Exercise 2
What do you say in these situations? Use I'm (not) used to ...
1. You live alone. You don't mind this. You have always lived alone.
FRIEND: Do you get a bit lonely sometimes?
YOU: No, I [am used to living] alone.
2. You sleep on the floor. You don't mind this. You have always slept on the floor.
FRIEND: Wouldn’t you prefer to sleep in a bed?
YOU: No, I [am used to sleeping] on the floor.
3. You have to work long hours in your job. This is not a problem for you. You have always
worked long hours.
FRIENS: you have to work very long hours in your job, don’t you?
YOU: Yes, but I don't mind that. I [am used to working] long hours.
4. You usually go to bed early. Last night you went to bed very late (for you) and as a result
you are very tired this morning.
FRIEND: You look tired this morning.
YOU: Yes, [I am not used to going to bed so late].
Exercise 3
Read the situations and complete the sentences using used to.
1. Some friends of yours have just moved into a flat on a busy street. It is very noisy.
They'll have to [get used to the noise].
2. The children at school had a new teacher. She was different from the teacher before her,
but this wasn't a problem for the children. They soon [got used to a new teacher].
3. Sue moved from a big house to a much smaller one. She found it strange at first. She had
to [get used to living] in a much smaller house.
4. Some people you know from Britain are going to live in your country. What will they
have to get used to?
They'll have to [get used to taking] their shoes off in the house.
Exercise 5
1. Stephen wasn't so assertive in the past. Stephen [didn't use to be] so assertive.
2. Has working at night become less of a problem now? Have you [got used to working] at
night?
3. I don't normally have breakfast so early. I'm [not used to having] breakfast so early.
4. Chloe wore her sister's clothes when she was a child. Chloe [used to wear] her sister's
clothes when she was a child.
5. We have adapted to living in the country very quickly. We have [got used to living] in the
country very quickly.
6. She often looks after people so she will make an excellent nurse. She is [used to looking
after] people, so she will make an excellent nurse.
7. They still don't know how to use the new system - they keep making mistakes. They
haven't [got used to using] the new system yet.
 8. I couldn't sleep because I don't normally sleep on a sofa. I couldn't sleep because I [am
not used to sleeping] on a sofa.
Exercise 5
1. Before my sister had children she used to [sleep* / sleeping] for eight hours every night.
2. When we moved to Britain from Poland we weren't used to [drive / driving*] on the left.
3. Chris got divorced last year but he soon got used to [live / living*] on his own.
4. I [used to* / use to] know her, but we lost touch years ago.
5. My parents are slowly getting used to [be / being*] retired.
6. My new job is exhausting. I'm not used to [work / working*] so hard.
7. Did you use to [play* / playing] a musical instrument at school?
8. When Bill was a student, he [used to* / was used to] eat pizza every day.

PASSIVE (PRESENT)
Exercise 1
Rewrite the sentences in Active Voice.
1. Look! Someone is being attacked!
[Look! Some people are attacking someone.]
2. The dog has already been taken for a walk.
[Somebody has already taken a dog for a walk.]
3. The work can be finished by Christy.
[Christy can finish the work.]
Exercise 2
Complete the sentences using one of these verbs in the correct form of present:
1. Many accidents [are caused] by dangerous driving. (Cause)
2. Cheese [is made] from milk. (Make)
3. You can't see the house from the road. It [is surrounded]
4. by trees. (Surround)
5. A cinema is a place where films [are shown]. (Show)
6. In the United States, elections for president [are held] every four years. (Hold)
Exercise 3
Put the verb into the correct form, present simple, active or passive.
1. It's a big factory. Five hundred people [are employed] (employ) there.
2. Water [covers] (cover) most of the earth's surface.
3. How much of the earth's surface [is covered] (cover) by water?
4. The park gates [are locked] (lock) at 6.30 p.m. every evening.
Exercise 4
Rewrite the sentences with the passive.
1. People don't use this room very often.
This room [isn't used] very often.
 2. They subtitle a lot of foreign films.
A lot of foreign films [are subtitled] by them.
3. Someone is repairing my laptop.
My laptop [is being] repaired.
4. They haven't released the DVD of the film yet.
The DVD of the film [hasn't been released] yet.
5. You have to collect the tickets from the box office.
The tickets [have to be collected] from the box office.
6. They've already recorded the soundtrack.
The soundtrack [has already been recorded].

PASSIVE (PAST)
Exercise 1
Rewrite the sentences in Active Voice.
1. He was exhausted by his hard work.
[His hard work exhausted him.]
2. My pen was taken by somebody.
[Somebody took my pen.]
3. All the books were left at home by me.
[I left all the books at home.]
4. This story was written by my brother.
[My brother who wrote this story.]
5. I was promised a new computer by my parents.
[My parents promised me a new computer.]
Exercise 2
Complete the sentences using one of these verbs in the correct form of past:
1. The roof of the building [was damaged] in a storm a few days ago. (Damage)
2. You [were invited] to the wedding. Why didn't you go? (Invite)
3. Originally the book [was written] in Spanish, and a few years ago it [was translated] into
English. (Write, Translate)
4. Although we were driving quite fast, we [were overtaken] by a lot of other cars.
Exercise 3
1. Put the verb into the correct form past simple, active or passive.
2. [Did somebody clean] (somebody / clean) this room yesterday?
3. The letter was [posted] (post) a week ago and it [arrived]
4. (arrive) yesterday.
5. The boat hit a rock and [sank]
6. (sink) quickly. Fortunately, everybody was [rescued] (rescue).
7. Richard's parents [died] (die) when he was very young. He and his sister [were brought
up] (bring up) by their grandparents?
8. I was born in London, but I [grew up] (grow up) in Canada.
 9. While I was on holiday, my camera [was stolen] (steal) from my hotel room.
10. While I was on holiday, my camera [disappeared] (disappear) from my hotel room.
11. Why [did Sue resign] (Sue / resign) from her job? Didn't she enjoy it?
12. Why [was Bill sacked] (Bill / sack) from his job? What did he do wrong?
Exercise 4
Rewrite the sentences with the passive.
1. Garcia Márquez wrote “Love in the Time of Cholera”.
“Love in the Time of Cholera” [was written] by Garcia Márquez.
2. They hadn't told the actor about the changes in the script.
The actor [hadn't been told] about the changes in the script.
3. James Cameron directed Avatar.
Avatar [was directed] by James Cameron.
4. They were interviewing the director about the film.
The director [was being interviewed] about the film.

PASSIVE (FUTURE)
Exercise 1
Put the verb into the correct form, be going to, passive.
1. The car [is going to be repaired] tomorrow. (repair)
2. The dinner [is going to be prepared] by my mother. (prepare)
3. The movie [is going to be shown] on TV tonight. (show)
4. The tickets [are going to be bought] online. (buy)
5. The painting [is going to be displayed] at the museum. (display)
Exercise 2
Put the verb into the correct form, Future Simple, Passive.
1. The book [will be published] next year. (publish)
2. The new phone [will be released] in September. (release)
3. The flowers [will be delivered] tomorrow morning. (deliver)
4. The presentation [will be given] by the CEO. (give)
5. The meeting [will be held] in the conference room. (hold)
Exercise 3
Put the verb into the correct form, Future Perfect, Passive.
1. The house [will have been built] by the end of the year. (build)
2. The exam [will have been completed] by next week. (complete)
3. The project [will have been finished] by the deadline. (finish)
4. The report [will have been submitted] by the end of the month. (submit)
 5. The problem [will have been solved] by the time you arrive. (solve)
Exercise 4
1. A: When will the new library be opened?
B: It [will be opened] next month.
2. A: Have you heard? The old building is going to be demolished.
B: Yes, I know. It [will have been demolished] by the end of the year.
3. A: Where is the party going to be held?
B: It [is going to be held] at the park.
4. A: When will the results of the competition be announced?
B: They [will be announced] next week.
5. A: The deadline for the project is approaching.
B: I know. The project [will have been completed] by Friday.