Object Oriented Programming

CSC2071
Lecture No. 08
Muhammad Shahid
Department of Computer Science
National Textile University

shahid.abdullah@hotmail.com
 Recap

 What is Object-Orientation?
 Procedural v/s OO Programming Paradigm
 Benefits of Object-Orientation
 Object-Oriented Principles
‒ Encapsulation
‒ Abstraction
‒ Inheritance
‒ Polymorphism

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 What Will You Learn Today?

 What are Classes?

 What are Objects?
 Difference between Class and Object
 How to create classes using Visual Studio?
 The new Operator

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 Announcement

 Project Titles
 3 Group Members
 No Changeable
 March 31, 2016
(Monday)

Be Ready for Quiz No. 1 in Coming Week

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 Announcement

 What are Classes?

 What are Objects?
 Difference between Class and Object
 How to create classes using Visual Studio?
 The new Operator

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 Classes

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 Class

 A class is a user-defined type that is

composed of field data and members that
operate on this data
 Collection of objects that share common
attributes and behavior
 A class is the blueprint of similar object from
which individual objects are created
 The attributes and operations defined by a
class are for its objects, not for itself
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 Class

8 Animals
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 Class

9 Vehicle
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 Class

10 Aeroplan
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 Class
class ClassName
{
access type variable1;
.............
access type variableN;

access return_type Method1(parameters)

{
// body of Method
}
..............
access return_type MethodN(parameters)
{
// body of Method
}
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 Class
Access Details
Private Only other members of the same class can access
private members.
Public Public members can be accessed by an object, from
any derived class, and from other parts of the
program. The methods defined inside other classes
can access them.
Protected Members of the same class and inheriting members
of the same class can access protected members.
Internal Internal members are accessible only within a file of
the same assembly.
Protected The members defined in the containing assembly
internal and the inheriting members of the class can access
the protected internal member.
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 Object

 An object stores its state/information in fields

(attributes) and exposes its behavior through
methods (member functions)

 Other objects can change the state of an

object by using only those methods that are
exposed to the outer world

 Object is an encapsulation of data (attributes)

as well as methods (functions)
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 Object

 Real-world objects share two characteristics

 They all have state and behavior

Stat Current Gear

Current Speed
Current Pedal
Behavior Changing gear
Changing pedal
Applying brakes

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 Object

 Real-world objects share two characteristics

 They all have state and behavior

Stat Speed
Bombs
Fuel
Behavior Fire Bomb
Changing direction
Change speed

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 Object

 Real-world objects share two characteristics

 They all have state and behavior

Stat ?
Behavior ?
Stat ?
Behavior ?

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 Object

 Real-world objects share two characteristics

 They all have state and behavior

Stat ON/OFF
Volume
Read
Stat ON/OFF
Behavior Turn ON
Behavior Turning ON Turn OFF
Turning OFF Change volume
Seek

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 Object

 Real-world objects share two characteristics

 They all have state and behavior

Stat ?
Behavior ?

Stat ?
Behavior ?

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 Difference b/w Classes & Objects

19 Objects HaveProgramming
Object Oriented Unique–Identity!!!
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 Difference b/w Classes & Objects

20 Objects HaveProgramming
Object Oriented Unique–Identity!!!
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 Task

 Identify objects, their states and behaviors in

your classroom.

 Identify objects, their states and behaviors in

the examination of National Textile University.

 Identify objects, their states and behaviors in

the Bus Ticket Reservation System.

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 Class

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 Class

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 Class

class Student
{
public string regNo;
public string name;
public double cgpa;

public void Display()

{
Console.WriteLine("Reg No.{0}",regNo);
Console.WriteLine("Name{0}", name);
Console.WriteLine("CGPA{0}", cgpa);
}
}

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 The new Operator

 The object created using new operator for

allocating memory
 The allocated memory is then filled with the
data members of the class
used while defining the parameterized constructor

ClassName objName = new ClassName(ArgsList)

Circle c = new Circle(20);

Student std = new Student("14-NTU-12", "Ali");

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 The new Operator

 Attempt to make use of class variable without

using the new keyword will receive a compiler
error compiler error
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Student std;
std.name = "Haris";
std.regNo = "14-NTU-1001";
} static void Main(string[] args)
{
Student std = new Student();
std.name = "Haris";
std.regNo = "14-NTU-1001";
26 }
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 Class

static void Main(string[] args)

{
Student account = new Student();
account.regNo = "14-NTU-1001";
account.name = "Haris";
account.cgpa = 3.0;
account.Display();
}

Reg No. 14-NTU-1001

Name Haris
CGPA 3.0

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 Recap

 What are Classes?

 What are Objects?
 Difference between Class and Object
 How to create classes using Visual Studio?
 The new Operator

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Questions

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