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Impact of Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance A Study with Reference to Biblical Management Principles
Impact of Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance A Study with Reference to Biblical Management Principles
on Employee Performance:
A Study with Reference to
Biblical Management Principles
Diwakar Prahaladaiah*, Udayakumar H M** and Mukesh Soni***
The paper examines the relationship between job satisfaction and employee
performance. The study adopted qualitative and quantitative research methods
based on a survey conducted among the employees of IT MNCs (Multinational
Corporations) in Bengaluru. Through systematic literature review and textual
analysis, the study explores the principles of Human Resource Management
(HRM) in an organization and employee job satisfaction and performance. It
found that there is an impact of job satisfaction on employee performance and
that a significant correlation exists. The study also cites strategies from the
Bible in this regard. The analysis brings out the importance of holistic approach
in the organizations for its growth and development.
Introduction
Human Resource Management (HRM) or people management is an essential part
of any employer or organization. “Human Resource Management (HRM) is important
in organizations, which facilitates the effective use of people to achieve
organizational and individual goals” (Hashim, 2009). Employees’ motivation,
commitment, resolving conflicts, performance evaluation, employee rewards, and
employee retention are all critical areas addressed by HRM. Essentially, people
make an organization. If good people are lost, the organization is lost. The global
trend shows that a microbusiness organization can have employees, consultants,
and other stakeholders engaging in spreading the business across several
countries. The motivation of the employees and commitment towards the
organization are correlated with the rewards and benefits from the employer and
Impact
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Biblical Management Principles
the employer retaining the employees; all these interventions play a vital role for
an organization and HR department. The digital era has manifested the latest
trends where the current workforce can work anywhere and from any part of the
world. These developments caution HRM to be more flexible at the micro and macro
level. “Human resources play a vital role in any organization. It, thus, requires the
considerable attention of the management so that employees can work up to their
full potential” (Ahmad and Schroeder, 2003). These add to the complex nature of
HRM and its functions.
Literature Review
Employee job performance has always been an important concern for managers of
organizations (Kelidbari et al., 2011). Similarly, employee performance is key edifice
of an organization therefore, aspects that place the grounds for high performance
must be scrutinized critically by the organizations for them to succeed (Abbas and
Yaqoob, 2009). If the employer fails, it causes poor performance, employee
frustration and job dissatisfaction and increases the decline of the organization
(Steers and Porter, 1983). Employee job performance has always been a major
challenge in organizational management, and adopting effective ways to motivate
employees to achieve and deliver higher job performance as well as increase the
organizational competitiveness is the main objective of every business organization
(Lee and Wu, 2011). Participation of employees satisfies the employees, it fills the
self-actualization need, and it enhances the productivity of the employees (Syed
and Yan, 2012). According to Mowday et al. (2013), most employees of today have
a high degree of job dissatisfaction, which creates undesirable attitudes that
decrease their performance and affect workplace as well.
The current study aims to answer the following questions: How to develop HRM
strategic principles? How well do such strategies work in practice? What is the
relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance? Every company
sets goals and achieves them. For HR department, it is essential to retain an effective
and efficient workforce. HRM must pay attention to an organization’s human
resources to nurture them to perform better for the organization. HRM needs to
ensure that the employees are satisfied in their job for effective and efficient
performance. The current study explores how job satisfaction among employees
improves performance in the organization. Further, the study also cites strategies
from the Bible for enhancing job satisfaction which leads to high performance.
Objective
• To examine employees’ job satisfaction in MNCs in Bengaluru
Hypotheses
H01: There is no significant relationship between job satisfaction and employee
performance.
Qualitative method and textual analysis method were adopted in the current
research to explore the principles from the Bible for HRM in an organization, with
regard to empowering employees for high performance and job satisfaction. The
aim of selecting textual analysis was to examine the occurrence of themes, phrases
and motifs in the Bible. HRM is the foundation for a moral and ethical organizational
culture. It is essential to build a humane and good work environment. The Bible
provides the framework of ‘Servant leadership’ style, a much-needed approach in
today’s world. The validity and trustworthiness of the study was established by
adopting Miles and Hubeman’s formula, and it is 0.88. Explicit conceptual analysis
was adopted and the texts were classified into main theme; human resource
management and sub-themes; human empowerment, compensation, development,
and performance were connectors of meanings running through the text. The reflected
and interpreted texts were analyzed through the themes and sub-themes.
Figure 1 illustrates the research procedure used to execute the current study.
Questionnaire
Adaptation Data Collection Textual Analysis
of Scriptures
3.80 and 0.82, respectively. The skewness for the job satisfaction dimension is
–0.401, which indicates that the distribution is approximately skewed, whereas
the dimension of employee performance is highly skewed as the skewness value
is less than –1.
Hypotheses Testing
H01: There is no significant relationship between job satisfaction and employee
performance.
The R2 value indicates how much of the total variation in the dependent variable
Employee Performance can be explained by the independent variable Job
Satisfaction. In this case, 22% can be explained (Table 5).
Std. Error
Model R R2 Adjusted R2 of the Durbin-Watson
Estimate
Table 6 predicts employee performance from Job Satisfaction. From the table,
the determinants of Job Satisfaction contribute statistically to Employee performance
as the p-value is less than 0.05.
Table 6, indicates the variance sum of 72.9 and degrees of freedom value of 107
with significant value of 0.01 which indicates that the hypothesis testing is statistically
significant and there is also positive correlation of satisfaction and performance.
Table 7 indicates coefficient value is 0.477 and significant value is 0.01 which is
statistically significant.
Table 7: Coefficients
Unstandardized Standardized
Coefficients Coefficients
Model t Sig.
B Std. Error Beta
The study also explores and analyzes some of the management principles for
HRM to adopt, and it also brings out a few principles from the Bible for effective
management of employees. The management principles derived based on content
analysis and exploratory study are listed below.
Content Analysis
Management Principles from the Bible Empowering Employees
for Job Satisfaction and High Performance
Pay Fairly – Based on the Contribution of the Employees to the
Organization
“Masters, give your bondservants what is just and good” (Colossians 4:1). The
employees should be paid fairly. The paper proposes that the employees must be
paid for their actual contribution to the organization. It also states that the number
of years does not matter in many situations, but it would be fair if the employer
considers the present contribution of the employees to the organization. The
employees’ present value orientation towards the organization, leadership qualities,
Conclusion
The study highlighted the strategic principles from the Scriptures, which Human
Resource Management (HRM) in an organization can use as solutions to
empower employees for high performance and job satisfaction. The findings
further stress the role of HRM in developing a conducive work environment for
employees. @
References
1. Abbas Q and Yaqoob S (2009), “Effect of Leadership Development on Employee
Performance in Pakistan”, Pakistan Economic and Social Review, Vol. 8,
pp. 269-292.
15. Lee Y R and Wu M Y (2011), “The Effects of Internal Marketing, Job Satisfaction
and Service Attitude on Job Performance Among High-Tech Firm”, African Journal
of Business Management, Vol. 5, No. 32, pp. 12551-12562.
16. Leviticus 19:13 You Must not Defraud your Neighbor or Rob, https://
biblehub.com/leviticus/19-13.htm
The statement in this section describes job satisfaction. Please tick () any option
among the listed options to indicate your preferred answer to the questions.
Interpretations of the scale. Strongly Disagree (SD); Disagree (D); Neutral (N);
Agree (A) and Strongly Agree (SA).
S.
SD D N A SA
No.
The statement in this section describes employee performance. Please tick ()
any option among the listed options to indicate your preferred answer to the
question.
Interpretations of the scale. Strongly Disagree (SD); Disagree (D); Neutral (N);
Agree (A); and Strongly Agree (SA).
S.
SD D N A SA
No.
Reference # 02J-2023-04-03-01