CHAPTER END TEST

Chapter 3 Time Allowed: (1:30) Hours

Section A (Each question carries 1 mark.)

Choose the correct or the most appropriate answer for each question. Write the letter of the correct or the most
appropriate answer.

1. The coordinates of point R ¿) on the line joining the two points P(1 , 2 ,3) and Q(3 , 6 , 5) with respect to the
point P and the parameter k =−2 are
A.( 3 , 6 , 1 ) B.(−3 ,−6 ,−1 ) C.( 3 ,−6 ,1 ) D.(−3 , 6 ,−1 )

⟨ PQ ⟩= ⟨ 2, 4 , 2 ⟩
Coordinates of point R on the line PQ are
R ( x , y , z )=( 1−2 ( 2 ) , 2−2 ( 4 ) ,3−2 (2 ) )¿(−3 ,−6 ,−1)
Answer: B

x−1 y−2 z−3 x−1 y−1 z−6

2. If the two lines ¿ ¿ and ¿ ¿ are perpendicular, then k is
−3 2k 2 3k 1 −5
10 −10 −7
A. −10 B. C. D.
7 7 10

⟨ l1 , m1 ,n 1 ⟩= ⟨−3 , 2 k ,2 ⟩ and ⟨ l2 , m2 ,n 2 ⟩ =⟨ 3 k , 1 ,−5 ⟩

Since these two lines are perpendicular,
−7
l 1 l 2 +m1 m2 +n1 n2=0(−3 ) ( 3 k ) + ( 2 k )( 1 ) + ( 2 ) (−5 )=0−9 k + 2 k−10=0k =
10
Answer: D

3. If the points A(1 , 0 ,−2), B(3 ,−1 , 1) and C (7 , a , 7) are collinear, then a is
A. −3 B. 3 C. −2 D. 2

Since the points A , B and C are collinear,

1 1
⟨ AB ⟩=k ⟨ BC ⟩⟨ 2,−1 ,3 ⟩=k ⟨ 4 , a+1 , 6 ⟩ 2=4 k k = −1= ( a+1 )a=−3
2 2
Answer: A

4. The plane −9 x−9 y +24 z=15 contains the point

A. (1 , 1, 0) B.(1 , 1 ,1) C. (1 , 0 ,1) D. (−1 , 0 ,1)

If ( x , y , z )=( 1, 0 , 1) ,
−9 ( 1 )−9 ( 0 ) +24 ( 1 )=15
The point (1 , 0 ,1) satisfies the plane equation. Therefore, this point lies on the given plane.

Answer: C

5. The distance between the centers of the spheres x 2+ y 2+ z 2=25 and ( x +9)2+ ¿ is
A. 25 B.20 C.15 D. 9
 The centers of the spheres are (0 , 0 , 0) and (−9 , 12 , 20) .
The distance between these two centers is
√(−9−0)2 +(12−0)2+(20−0)2=√ 625=25
Answer: A

Section B (Each question carries 2 marks.)

Write only the solution of each question. (There is no need to show your working.)

6. Given A(2,−1 ,5), B(0 ,2 ,−3) and C (−2 ,3 ,−1), find the angle between the two lines AB and AC .

⟨ AB ⟩=⟨ l 1 , m1 ,n 1 ⟩= ⟨−2 , 3 ,−8 ⟩

⟨ AC ⟩= ⟨ l 2 , m2 , n2 ⟩ =⟨ −4 , 4 ,−6 ⟩
xd 2
l 1 l 2 +m1 m2 +n1 n2 8+12+ 48 68
cos ∠ BAC= cos ∠ BAC= cos ∠ BAC=
√l 1
2 2
+ m1 +n1
2
√l 2
2 2
+m2 + n2
2
√ 4 +9+64 √16+ 16+36 √ 77 √ 68
∠ BAC=cos−1
( √ 7768√68 )∠ BAC=19.99 °
7. Find the equation of the plane containing A(2,−5 , 4), B(−5 ,2 , 4) and C (−2 ,3 ,−1).

⟨ AB ⟩=⟨ −7 ,7 ,0 ⟩ and ⟨ AC ⟩= ⟨−4 , 8 ,−5 ⟩

−7 7 0−7 7

−4 8−5−4 8

Directed values of the line perpendicular to both AB and AC are

⟨ a , b , c ⟩= ⟨−35 ,−35 ,−28 ⟩

Since point A(2,−5 , 4) is on the plane,

d= (−35 ) ( 2 )+ (−35 ) (−5 ) + (−28 ) ( 4 )¿−7

So, the equation of the plane is
−35 x−35 y−28 z=−7
5 x+ 5 y + 4 z=1

8. Find the equation of the plane containing the point (−1 , 3 ,2)and parallel to the plane 3 x−2 y−3 z=2.

Directed values of the line perpendicular to the given plane 3 x−2 y−3 z=2 are ⟨ 3 ,−2 ,−3 ⟩ . This line is
also perpendicular to the required plane. So, the equation of the required plane is

3 x−2 y−3 z=d

Since the point (−1 , 3 ,2) lies on this plane,

d= ( 3 ) (−1 )+ (−2 )( 3 )+ (−3 ) (2 )¿−15

 So, the equation of the required plane is
3 x−2 y−3 z=−15

9. Determine whether the point P(1 , 1 ,1) lies inside, outside or on the sphere with center at the origin
and diameter 6.

Coordinates of the center C of the sphere are (0 , 0 , 0) and the radius r is 3.

CP=√ ( 1−0 ) + ( 1−0 ) + ( 1−0 ) =√ 3

2 2 2

Since CP<r , the point P(1 , 1 ,1) lies inside the sphere.

Section C (Each question carries 3 marks.)

10. Find the point of intersection of the line joining the two points (2 , 4 ,5) and ¿) with the yz -plane.

Directed values of the line are ⟨ 1 , 1 ,−9 ⟩ .

Coordinates of the points on this line are

( x , y , z )=( 2+ k , 4+ k , 5−9 k )

Since the required point lies on the yz -plane, x -coordinate of this point is 0 .

2+k =0k =−2

So, the point of intersection of the line with yz -plane is (0 , 2 , 23) .

11. Given P(−1 , 2 ,3) and Q(3 , 5 ,−2), determine whether or not the point (7 , 8 ,−7) is on the line PQ.

⟨ PQ ⟩= ⟨ 4 , 3 ,−5 ⟩

The equation of the line PQ is

x+1 y−2 z−3
= =
4 3 −5
If ( x , y , z )=( 7 , 8 ,−7),
x+1 7+1 y−2 8−2 z−3 −7−3
= =2 = =2 = =2
4 4 3 3 −5 −5

x+1 y−2 z−3

Since ¿ ¿ ( x , y , z )=( 7 , 8 ,−7 ), the point ( 7 , 8 ,−7 ) satisfies the equation of the line
4 3 −5 for
PQ. So, the point ( 7 , 8 ,−7 ) is on the line PQ.

12. Find the equation of the plane tangent to the sphere x 2+ y 2 + z 2−4 x−2 y +2 z =8 at the point (3 , 4 ,1).

The equation of the sphere is

2 2 2
x + y + z −4 x−2 y +2 z =8
( x −4 x+ 4 ) + ( y 2−2 y +1 ) +(z ¿¿ 2+2 z+ 1)=8+4 +1+1 ¿
2

2 2 2
( x−2) +( y −1) +( z+1) =14
 The directed values of the line perpendicular to the plane and joining the center (2 , 1,−1) of the sphere and
point of contact (3 , 4 ,1) are ⟨ 1 , 3 , 2 ⟩ .

The equation of the plane is

x +3 y+ 2 z=d
Since the point ( 3 , 4 ,1 ) is on the plane,

d= ( 1 )( 3 )+ (3 )( 4 ) + ( 2 ) ( 1 )¿ 17

So, the equation of the plane is

x +3 y+ 2 z=17

13. Find the equation of the sphere on the join of (1 ,−1 , 1) and (−3 , 4 ,5) as diameter.

The center of the sphere is

( 1−32 , −1+2 4 , 1+52 )=(−1 , 32 , 3)

The radius of the sphere is

So, the equation of the sphere is

√ 3 2
(1+1)2+(−1− ) +(1−3)2=
2
57
4 √
2
2 3 2 57
(x +1) +( y− ) +( z−3) =
2 4

Section D (Each question carries 5 marks.)

14. Given P(4 ,−2, 5), Q(−2 , 6 , 1) , R(−1 , 1 , 4) and S(3 , 3 , 2) , determine whether the lines PQ and RS
are parallel or skew or intersect. If PQ and RS intersect, are they perpendicular?

⟨ PQ ⟩=⟨ l 1 , m1 ,n 1 ⟩= ⟨−6 , 8 ,−4 ⟩ and ⟨ RS ⟩= ⟨ l 2 , m2 , n2 ⟩ = ⟨ 4 ,2 ,−2 ⟩

−6 8 −4
≠ ≠
4 2 −2

and
4 2 −2
≠ ≠
−6 8 −4
The directed values of PQ and RS are not multiples of each other. So, PQ and RS are not parallel.

Coordinates of the points on the line PQ are

( x , y , z )=( 4−6 s ,−2+ 8 s , 5−4 s)

Coordinates of the points on the line RS are

( x , y , z )=(−1+ 4 t ,1+2 t , 4−2t )

If PQ and RS intersect,

(1)t
4−6 s=−1+ 4 t−2+8 s=1+ 2t5−4 s=4−2
(2)
(3)
 1 1
From equations (1) and (2), s=¿ and t=¿ .
2 2
1 1
Substitute s=¿ and t=¿ in equation (3).
2 2
1 1
5−4 ( )=4−2( )
2 2
The values of s and t satisfy the last equation. So, PQ and RS intersect.

l 1 l 2 +m1 m2 +n1 n2= (−6 ) ( 4 )+ ( 8 ) ( 2 ) + (−4 ) (−2 )¿ 0

So, PQ and RS are perpendicular.

15. Find the equation of the line passing through the point (−4 , 7 ,−3) and perpendicular to the line

x−3 y+ 1 z−1
= =
2 3 −1
Find also the point of intersection of the two lines.

The directed values of the given line, ⟨ l 1 , m 1 ,n 1 ⟩= ⟨ 2 , 3 ,−1 ⟩

The equation of the given line is

x−3 y+ 1 z−1
= = =k
2 3 −1
So, coordinates of the points on this line are

( x , y , z )=( 3+2 k ,−1+3 k , 1−k)

The directed values of the required line,

⟨ l2 , m2 ,n 2 ⟩ =⟨−4−3−2 k , 7+1−3 k ,−3−1+ k ⟩ ¿ ⟨ −7−2 k , 8−3 k ,−4+ k ⟩

Since these two lines are perpendicular,

l 1 l 2 +m1 m2 +n1 n2=0−14−4 k +24−9 k + 4−k =0k =1

So, the directed values of the required line are ⟨ −9 ,5 ,−3 ⟩

The equation of the required line is

x+ 4 y−7 z +3
= =
−9 5 −3
Point of intersection of these two lines is (5 , 2 ,0).

16. Find the equation of the line that passes through the point (−1 , 3 ,2) and perpendicular to the plane
3 x−2 y−z−3=0. Find the point of intersection of the line and the given plane.

The directed values of the line perpendicular to the plane 3 x−2 y−z=3 are ⟨ 3 ,−2 ,−1 ⟩ .
 So, the equation of the line is
x+1 y−3 z−2
= =
3 −2 −1
Coordinates of the points on this line are
( x , y , z )=(−1+3 k , 3−2 k , 2−k )
If one of these points lies on the plane,
3 (−1+3 k ) −2 ( 3−2 k )− (2−k ) =3−3+ 9 k−6+ 4 k−2+k =3k =1
Therefore, point of intersection of the line and the given plane is (2 , 1, 1).

17. Find the equation of the sphere with center (6 ,−7 ,−3) and touching the plane 4 x−2 y−z=17 .

Directed values of the line passing through the center (6 ,−7 ,−3) of the sphere and perpendicular to the
plane 4 x−2 y−z=17 are ⟨ 4 ,−2 ,−1 ⟩ .

Coordinates of the points on this line are

( x , y , z )=( 6+4 k ,−7−2 k ,−3−k )

If one of these points lies on the given plane,

−8
4 ( 6+ 4 k ) −2 (−7−2 k ) −(−3−k )=1724+ 16 k +14+ 4 k +3+k =17k =
7
So, point of contact of the sphere and the plane is

( 107 , −337 , −137 )

The radius of the sphere is

√( )( )(
+3 = √ )
2 2 2
10 −33 −13 8 21
−6 + +7 +
7 7 7 7

Therefore, the equation of the sphere is

192
( x−6 )2+ ( y+7 )2 + ( z+ 3 )2=
7

18. Find the equation of a sphere whose center lies on the plane 2 x+3 y + 4 z=6 and the points (3 , 0 , 2),
(−1 , 1 ,1) and (2 ,−5 , 4) lies on the sphere.

Since the center (x 1 , y 1 , z 1 ) lies on the plane 2 x+3 y + 4 z=6 ,

2 x1 +3 y 1 +4 z1 =6 (1)

The distance between the center and the point (3 , 0 , 2) is

√ 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
r = ( 3−x 1 ) + ( 0− y 1 ) + ( 2−z 1 ) r =( 3−x 1 ) + ( 0− y 1 ) + ( 2−z 1 )
(2)
The distance between the center and the point (−1 , 1 ,1) is

√ 2 2 2 2 2 2
r = ( −1−x 1 ) + ( 1− y 1 ) + ( 1−z 1 ) r =( −1−x 1 ) + ( 1− y 1 ) + ( 1−z1 )
2

(3)
The distance between the center and the point (2 ,−5 , 4) is
 √ 2 2 2 2 2 2
r = ( 2−x 1 ) + (−5− y 1 ) + ( 4−z 1) r =( 2−x 1 ) + (−5− y 1) + ( 4−z 1 )
2

(4)
From equations (2) and (3),

2 2 2 2 2 2
( 3−x 1) + ( 0− y 1 ) + ( 2−z 1) =(−1−x 1 ) + ( 1− y 1) + ( 1−z 1)
9−6 x 1+ x 1 + y 1 + 4−4 z1 + z 1 =1+2 x1 + x 1 + 1−2 y 1+ y 1 +1−2 z 1 + z 1 −8 x 1+ 2 y 1−2 z 1=−10
2 2 2 2 2 2
(5)

From equations (2) and (4),

2 2 2 2 2 2
( 3−x 1) + ( 0− y 1 ) + ( 2−z 1) =( 2−x 1 ) + (−5− y 1 ) + ( 4−z 1 )
9−6 x 1+ x 1 + y 1 + 4−4 z1 + z 1 =4−4 x 1+ x1 +25+10 y 1 + y 1 + 16−8 z 1 + z 1 −2 x 1−10 y 1+ 4 z 1=3 2
2 2 2 2 2 2

(6)

By adding equations (1) and (6),

−7 y 1 +8 z 1=38 (7)

Multiply equation (1) by 4 and add it to equation (5).

y 1 + z 1=1 (8)
Multiply equation (8) by 7 and add it to equation (7).
15 z 1=45z 1=3
Substitute z 1=3 in equation (8).
y 1=−2
Substitute y 1=−2 and z 1=3 in equation (1).
x 1=0

So, the center of the sphere is (0 ,−2 ,3) and the radius of the sphere is √ 14 .

The equation of the sphere is

2 2 2
x +( y +2) +( z−3) =14