Republic of the Philippines

CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Teacher Education
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan
A DETAILED LESSON PLAN (Grade 9 Junior High School)
Name: Ezra Grace T. Tuppal Year Level: 9
Learning Area: Mathematics Duration: 60 minutes

I. Objectives
By the end of the lesson, the students would be able to demonstrate an understanding of key
concepts of triangle similarity. Specifically, the students are expected to:
a. Apply knowledge and skills related to similar triangles and right triangles to word problems;
b. Solve problems involving triangle similarity and right triangle similarities; and
c. Show patience in solving the similarities of triangles and right triangles.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: SOLVING PROBLEMS INVOLVING TIANGLE SIMILARITY AND RIGHT
TRIANGLE SIMILARITY
References: Mathematics Learner’s Materials 9
Materials: Visual aids, chalk, board, laptop, and PowerPoint presentation

III. Learning Activities

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. Preliminaries
1. Opening Prayer
Class, may we all stand and start our
discussion with a prayer. (The teacher
will call someone to lead the prayer.)
(A student will lead the prayer.)
Dear God……. Amen.
2. Greetings
Good morning class!
Good morning, Ma’am!
3. Checking Attendance
Is there anyone absent today?
None Ma’am.
Well, that’s good to hear.

B. Preparatory Activities
Now class, before we proceed with our topic
for today, let’s have a quick review of the
45˚-45˚-90˚ Triangle Theorem and 30˚-60˚-
90˚ Triangle Theorem.
1. Review
Directions. Sketch the figure that is
described. Then find the measure of the
missing sides.
 Republic of the Philippines
CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

a. An equilateral triangle has a side a. An equilateral triangle has a side length

length of 10 inches. Find the length of 10 inches. Find the length of the
of the altitude of the triangle. altitude of the triangle.
b. The perimeter of a square is 48
meters. What is the measure of the
diagonal?
30˚

10 inches x

60˚
y

Solution:
hypotenuse
Shorter leg =
2
10
y=
2
y=5 inches

Longer leg=shorter leg x √ 3

x=5 • √ 3
x=5 √ 3

b. The perimeter of a square is 48 meters.

What is the measure of the diagonal?
48 m

48 m x 48 m

48 m

Solution:
hypotenuse=leg • √ 2
x¿ 48 • √ 2
x¿ 48 √ 2

Very good, class.

It seems that you already have an
understanding of the special right
 Republic of the Philippines
CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

triangles.
2. Motivation
Now my dear students, let’s have a
group activity.
Mechanics:
1. The class will be divided into 6
groups.
2. Each group will be given envelop
that have word problem in it. Also,
there are figures and materials
inserted for you to illustrate the
problem.
3. After doing the illustration of the
problem, identify what triangle
similarity can be used in the
problem. The first group to form the
triangle will be given additional
points.

Problem 1.
If a tree casts a 24-foot shadow at the
same time that a yardstick casts a 2-
foot shadow, find the height of the
tree.
Problem 1.
If a tree casts a 24-foot shadow at the same
time that a yardstick casts a 2-foot shadow, find
the height of the tree.

Problem 2.
A 12-centimeter rod is held between
a flashlight and a wall as shown.
Find the length of the shadow on the
wall if the rod is 45 cm from the wall
and 15 cm from the light.
Problem 2.
Problem 3. A 12-centimeter rod is held between a
As light rays are reflected from a flashlight and a wall as shown. Find the length
mirror at an angle congruent to that of the shadow on the wall if the rod is 45 cm
at which they strike it, the height of from the wall and 15 cm from the light.
an object can be measured by means
of a mirror M placed horizontally on
the ground.

Problem 4.
A ladder 13 m long is placed on the
ground in such a way that it touches
the top of a vertical wall 12 m high. Problem 3.
Find the distance of the foot of the As light rays are reflected from a mirror at an
ladder from the bottom of the wall. angle congruent to that at which they strike it,
the height of an object can be measured by
 Republic of the Philippines
CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

Problem 5. means of a mirror M placed horizontally on the

Mr. Cuntapay, decided to have ground.
renovation of roof of his rest house.
The braces of the roof are in
triangular form at shown below.
The measure of brace AB is 150 cm, Problem 4.
brace AD is 70 cm and brace DC is A ladder 13 m long is placed on the ground in
140 cm. such a way that it touches the top of a vertical
wall 12 m high. Find the distance of the foot of
Problem 6. the ladder from the bottom of the wall.
A person is flying a kite using 40
meters of kite string. The height of
the kite and the string formed a 30˚
angle.

Problem 5.
Mr. Cuntapay, decided to have renovation of
roof of his rest house. The braces of the roof are
in triangular form. The measure of brace AB is
150 cm, brace AD is 70 cm and brace DC is
140 cm.
 Republic of the Philippines
CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

Problem 6.
A person is flying a kite using 40 meters of kite
string. The height of the kite and the string
formed a 30˚ angle.

30˚

Very good, my dear students.

Now class, observe the given figures out

of the problems you illustrated. What
can you say about it?
Ma’am, the problems are based on real-life
situations.
Very good!
And how can we relate the illustration of
these problems to triangle similarity?

We can use triangle similarity and right triangle

similarity in solving these real-life problems.
Exactly!
With your activity, what do you think
will be our topic for today?

Solving problems involving triangle similarity

Precisely! and right triangle similarities.

C. Developmental Activities
1. Presentation of the lesson
Before we formally start with our
discussion, please be informed about the
objectives that everybody must acquire
by everybody. Who can read?
 Republic of the Philippines
CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

At the end of the lesson, the students would be

able to demonstrate an understanding of key
concepts of triangle similarity. Specifically, the
students are expected to:
A. Apply knowledge and skills related to
similar triangles and right triangles to
word problems;
B. Solve problems involving triangle
similarity and right triangle similarities;
and
c. Show patience in solving the similarities
of triangles and right triangles.

Thank you very much.

Last time, you learned about the special
right triangle similarity theorem. Your
knowledge about the triangle similarity
theorem will be used for our discussion
today.

2. Discussion or Analysis
In this lesson, we shall focus on solving
problems involving the triangle
similarity theorem and the right triangle
similarity theorem.
Now class in our previous activity, why
do you think that the concept of triangle
similarity can be useful in real life?

Ma’am because we can also use it in finding the

distance, height, and length.

Very good!
If we try to look around, the concept of
similarity has a wide range of
applications such as in engineering,
architecture, visual arts like painting,
photography, and many others.

Before I give some examples, let me

show you first the steps in solving
problems in triangle similarity and right
triangle similarity.
Please read.
1. Read and analyze the problem. 1. Read and analyze the problem.
2. Know what is asked. 2. Know what is asked.
3. Use appropriate theorem. 3. Use appropriate theorem.
 Republic of the Philippines
CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

4. Solve the problem. 4. Solve the problem.

Thank you so much.

Now let’s have the first problem.

A 15-foot tree casts a shadow that is 8

feet long. What is the distance from the
tree’s top to its shadow’s tip?

What was being asked in the problem?

Ma’am the distance of the tree’s top and the
shadow’s tip.
Very good.
Now let’s assign a variable to the
missing value.
Let’s say the missing side is c.
What appropriate theorem can we use to
solve the problem?
Pythagorean Theorem, Ma’am.
That’s right.
Applying the Pythagorean Theorem,
then what will be the length?

2 2 2
c =a + b
2 2 2
c =15 +8
2
c =225+ 64
2
c =289
√ c 2=√ 289
c=17 feet
All right. Very good.
Let’s have another example.

A 12-meter fire truck ladder leaning on

the 3-meter fence also leans on the wall
 Republic of the Philippines
CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

of a burning three-story building. How

high does the ladder reach?

What theorem are we going to use to

solve the problem?
SSS Similarity Theorem, Ma’am
Very good.
Applying the SSS similarity Theorem,
let’s say the missing side is y, what is the
height of the wall?
12 y
=
4 3
4 ( y )=12(3)
4 y=36
4 y 36
=
4 4
y=9
Very good.
Let’s have the last problem.
A person is flying a kite using 40 meters
of kite string. The height of the kite and
the string formed a 30˚ angle. How high
is the kite to the ground?

s
 Republic of the Philippines
CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

What triangle similarity theorem can we

use for us to find the missing length?
The 30-60-90 triangle similarity theorem.
Exactly!
Now for this problem, two legs are
missing. Given the measurement of the
hypotenuse, which leg are we going to
find first?
The shorter leg first, Ma’am.
That’s right.
So in finding the length of the shorter
leg,
hypotenuse
Shorter leg =
2
40
s=
2
s=20 meters

And the longer leg will be,

Longer leg=shorter leg x √ 3
h=20 • √ 3
h=20 √ 3

Those are just some examples of

applications of the triangle similarity
and right triangle similarity.

3. Abstract/Generalization
Now class, with our discussion today, in
able for you to answer the problems,
what are the steps you need to follow?

1. Read and analyze the problem.

2. Know what is asked.
3. Use appropriate theorem.
4. Solve the problem.
Very good.
This time, let’s apply these steps for
your next activity.

4. Closure/Application
This time class, let us assess if you
really understood our discussion.

In the same group, I will give each

 Republic of the Philippines
CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

group a problem. By applying the steps

in problem-solving, try to solve the
problem given to you. After solving,
paste your answers on the provided
illustration board. The first group to
finish the task will be given prices.

Group 1.
The size of a TV screen is given by the
length of its diagonal. If the dimension
of a TV screen is eight 15 inches, what
is the size of the TV screen?

Group 2.
A 13-meter ladder is leaning against a
wall. If the foot of the ladder is five
meters away from the wall, how high
does the ladder reach?

Group 3.
Two vertical poles, 20 meters and 30
meters high, are 60 meters apart. A rope
is to be attached from the top of one pole
to a pint on the ground halfway between
the poles, and then to top of the other
pole. How long is rope needed?

Group 4.
In a park near the City Hall, swings are
constructed. Each frame is 2m high.
What is the length of each leg of the
frame?

Group 5.
If a man walks 4 km east and then 5 km
south, how far is he from the point
where he started?

Group 6.
A tall building casts a 12-m shadow at
the same time a 7-m light pole casts a 3-
m shadow. Assuming that the ground is
level and that the sun’s rays are parallel,
then right triangle ABC is similar to
right triangle DFE. Why? Find the
height of the building?
 Republic of the Philippines
CAGAYAN STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Teacher Education
Andrews Campus, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

IV. Evaluation
Fill in the synthesis journal by completing the statements.
The lesson was about ___________________. One key idea was __________. This is important
because ______________. I was able to think that the best way to solve problems involving triangle
similarity and right triangle similarity is ____________________________. This further leads me to
develop an essential understanding that _____________________________________________.

V. Assignment
Directions. Solve the following problems.
1. A sagging door 4 meters by 5 meters is to be made rigid by the addition of a diagonal piece of
iron bar. How long must the bar be?
2. Find the approximate distance that will be saved by walking diagonally across a field 450m by
250m instead of walking along the two adjacent sides.

Follow up: Review on the first topic until problem solving involving triangle similarity and right
triangle similarity.

Prepared by:

Ezra Grace T. Tuppal

BSED-Mathematics

Checked by:

Angela Jesusa M. Lappay

Resource Teacher