INDEX

S.No Topics Page No.

1. Index 1
2. Acknowledgement 2
3. About The Author: 3
William Shakespeare
4. Julius Caesar: 4
Introduction
5. Characterisation 5
6. Act III Scene 1: 6-14
Paraphrasing(1-200 lines)
7. The Elevator: 15-18
Alternative Ending

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to extend my sincere and heartfelt thanks towards all

those who have helped me in making this project. Without their active
guidance, help, cooperation and encouragement, I would not have
been able to present the project on time.

I would also like to express my gratitude towards our principal Rev.

Dr. M.O. Oommen Jr. and vice principal Susan Oommen for giving
me this great opportunity to do a project on the topic ‘Julius Caesar’
by William Shakespeare. I would like to express my special thanks to
my teacher Mrs. Poonam Chowdhury for her able guidance and
support in completing the project.

I would also like to thank my family and friends for constantly

guiding me during this project. Without their guidance and support, I
would not have been able to complete this project within the given
time frame.

2
 ABOUT THE AUTHOR:
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

William Shakespeare (26 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English

playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest
writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.
He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon" (or
simply "the Bard"). His extant works, including collaborations,
consist of some 39 plays, 154 sonnets, three long narrative poems,
and a few other verses, some of uncertain authorship. His plays have
been translated into every major living language and are performed
more often than those of any other playwright. Shakespeare remains
arguably the most influential writer in the English language, and his
works continue to be studied and reinterpreted. His works are usually
divided into three categories – comedies, tragedies and historic plays.
Shakespeare’s famous works include The Merchant of Venice, The
Comedy Of Errors, Julius Casar, Macbeth, Othello, Anthony and
Cleopatra, Richard III, etc.

JULIUS CAESAR: INTRODUCTION

3
Julius Caesar was a Roman general and a politician who
named himself as the dictator of the Roman Empire, a
rule that unfortunately, lasted less than even a year
before he was assassinated by his political rivals in 44
BC.

Jealous conspirators convince Caesar's friend Brutus to

join their assassination plot against Caesar. To stop
Caesar from gaining too much power, Brutus and the
conspirators kill him on the Ides of March. Mark Antony
drives the conspirators out of Rome and fights them in a
battle. Brutus and his friend Cassius lose and kill
themselves, leaving Antony to rule in Rome.

In Act 3,Scene 1,the crisis of the play has been

provided.Caesar enters the Capitol with pomp and
show.He ignores the warning given by the Soothsayer
and Artemidorus.The conspirators crowds around
Caesar in support of a petition presented by Metellus
Cimber.Caesar shows his arrogance and refuses to
change his decision.At this junction,Casca stabs him,the
other conspirator follow suit; and Caesar dies with the
words,”Et tu,Brute” on his lips. Subsequently,Antony
makes with the conspirators.Brutus gives permission to
Antony to deliver a funeral oration for Caesar.At the end
of the scene,Antony prophesises bloodshed and civil war.

CHARACTERISATION

JULIUS CAESAR:

4
He is arrogant and rude and sees himself above ordinary man as he
clearly states that if he were an ordinary man he would have been
agreed to call Publius Cimber from banishment after all the flattery of the
conspirators.He is overconfident as he ignores the warnings of
soothsayer and boastes about him being unassailable ,reason being he
dies soon after.he is also and idel leader as he puts his subjects interest
over his own.He allowed himself to be flattered which was a cause of
his demise.

MARK ANTONY:
He is very shrewd and a good judge of character as knew very well that
Caissius can’t be manipulated,so,he goes for Marcus Brutus and plays
with his word to manipulate him to speak at the pulpit,proving his
articulate nature.He can be referred as intelligent as he turns the whole
table upside down by manipulating Marcus Brutus.He is far
sighted,valient and brave.He was a trustworthy friend as he grieved for
Caesar’s death and wanted a revenge.

MARCUS BRUTUS:
He is a patriot as he kills his great friend for Roman’s sake.He is noble
and an idealist as he believes Mark Antony words,proving his trat of
being a bad judge of character.He is overconfidnt and gullible as he
ignores Caius Cassius warnings and let Antony speak on the pulpit.The
error of judgement is the main cause of his downfall in life.

CAIUS CASSIUS:
He is the Master planner of the conspiracy.He is far sighted as he
predicts Antony’s move and tries to warn Brutus for it.He is shrewd as he
plans the whole conspiracy with Brutus as it’s face.He is a good judge of
character as he judges Antony’s intentions correctly.

ACT III: SCENE-1

Paraphrase Line (1-200)

A trumpet sounds. CAESAR, BRUTUS, CASSIUS, CASCA, DECIUS, METELLUS,

5
TREBONIUS, CINNA, ANTONY, LEPIDUS, POPILLIUS, and PUBLIUS enter, along with a
crowd that includes ARTEMIDORUS and the SOOTHSAYER .

CAESAR
[To the SOOTHSAYER] March 15th has come.

SOOTHSAYER
Yes, Caesar, but the day is not over.

ARTEMIDORUS
[Offering his letter] Hail, Caesar! Read this letter.

DECIUS
[Offering CAESAR another paper] Trebonius would like you to read his humble

request for help, when you have the time.

ARTEMIDORUS
Oh, Caesar, read mine first, for my letter actually pertains to you. Read it, great Caesar.

CAESAR
I will leave whatever pertains to me for last.

ARTEMIDORUS
Don’t delay, Caesar. Read it immediately.

CAESAR
What, is this man crazy?

PUBLIUS
[To ARTEMIDORUS] Sir, stand aside.

CASSIUS
[To ARTEMIDORUS] What? Are you trying to give Caesar your letter in the street? Do it

at the Capitol.

{CAESAR and the crowd go up to the senate house.}

POPILLIUS
[To CASSIUS] I hope your efforts succeed today.

CASSIUS

6
What efforts, Popillius?

POPILLIUS
Good luck.

{POPILLIUS approaches CAESAR.}

BRUTUS
[To CASSIUS] What did Popillius Lena say?

CASSIUS
[To BRUTUS so that only he can hear] He wished that our efforts would succeed

today. I’m afraid our plans have been discovered.

BRUTUS
Look, he’s approaching Caesar. Watch him.

CASSIUS
Be quick, Casca, because we're afraid our plans might be stopped.

[To BRUTUS] Brutus, what will we do? If our plan is known, either Caesar or I will die,

because I’ll kill myself if I can't kill him.

BRUTUS
Cassius, be calm. Popillius Lena isn't telling Caesar about our plot. Look, he’s smiling, and

Caesar’s expression hasn't changed.

CASSIUS
Trebonius knows what he should do. Look, Brutus, he’s guiding Mark Antony out of the

way.

{TREBONIUS and ANTONY exit.}

DECIUS
Where’s Metellus Cimber? He should go now to present his petition to Caesar.

BRUTUS
They’re speaking to him. Move up close and second his petition.

CINNA

Casca, you raise your hand first.

CAESAR
Are we all ready? What are the problems that Caesar and his senate should deal with?

7
METELLUS
[Kneeling] Most high, most mighty, and most powerful Caesar, Metellus Cimber kneels

before you with a humble heart—

CAESAR
I must stop you, Cimber. Your kneeling and overly humble courtesies might flatter ordinary

men to turn Roman law into some kind of child's game. But don’t be so foolish as to think

that you can influence Caesar to do something that is not right through the tricks that

persuade fools—flattery, low bows, and pathetic dog-like fawning. Your brother was

banished by decree. If you kneel and beg and flatter for him, I’ll kick you like a dog out of

my way. Know that Caesar does not punish him without good reason, and will not give him

what he wants without good reason.

METELLUS
Is there no voice worthier than my own to sweetly ask the great Caesar to repeal the

banishment of my brother?

BRUTUS
[Kneeling] Caesar, I kiss your hand, but not in flattery, as I also want you to repeal Publius

Cimber’s banishment immediately.

CAESAR
What, Brutus?

CASSIUS
[Kneeling] Caesar, pardon Publius. Caesar, pardon him. I throw myself down at your feet

to beg that Publius Cimber regain his citizenship.

CAESAR

I could be influenced if I were like you. If I could beg others to change their minds, begging

would convince me, too. But I’m as steady as the northern star, whose stable and immobile

quality has no equal in the sky. The skies are filled with countless stars. They are all made of

fire, and every single one shines. But there's just one out of all of them that holds its central

place. The world is the same way. It's full of men—and men are flesh and blood, and capable

8
of understanding. Yet of them all, I know just one who is beyond questioning and

immovable, who never shifts from his position. I am that man, and I will show you in this

way: I was resolved that Cimber should be banished, and I am resolved that he should remain

banished.

CINNA
[Kneeling] Oh, Caesar—

CAESAR
Enough! Would you try to lift up Mount Olympus?

DECIUS
[Kneeling] Great Caesar—

CAESAR
Why are you kneeling, when even Brutus' kneeling is in vain?

CASCA
Hands, speak for me!

{CASCA and the other conspirators stab CAESAR. BRUTUS stabs him
last.
CAESAR
And you too, Brutus?

[To himself] Then die, Caesar. [He dies]

CINNA
Liberty! Freedom! Tyranny is dead! Run and shout it out in the streets.

CASSIUS
Some of us should go to the public platforms, and cry out, “Liberty, freedom, and full

citizenship to all!”

{Confusion. Some citizens and senators exit.}

BRUTUS
People and Senators, don’t be afraid. Don’t leave. Stay here. Caesar alone had to die for his

ambition.

CASCA
Go to the platform, Brutus.

9
DECIUS
And Cassius too.

BRUTUS
Where’s Publius?

CINNA
Here, shocked by this rebellion.

METELLUS
Stand close together, in case some friend of Caesar tries—

BRUTUS
Don’t talk about standing together.

[To PUBLIUS] Publius, cheer up. We don’t mean any harm to you, or to any other Roman.

Tell the people this, Publius.

CASSIUS
And leave us, Publius, in case the people should rush at us and harm you.

BRUTUS
Leave us. Let no man suffer the consequences of deed except we who did it.

{PUBLIUS exits.}
{TREBONIUS enters}.
CASSIUS
Where’s Antony?

TREBONIUS
He ran to his house, stunned. Men, wives, and children stare, cry out, and run around as if it

were doomsday.

BRUTUS
We'll soon discover what the Fates want to happen to us. We already know that we'll all die

one day. It's just a matter of when. Men try to control that by prolonging the time they have

left to live as long as possible.

CASSIUS
Why, he who shortens his own life by twenty years also cuts off twenty years of worrying

10
about death.

BRUTUS
If you look at it that way, then death becomes a gift. This makes us Caesar’s friends, since

we've shortened the time he would have spent fearing death. Kneel, Romans, kneel. And let’s

wash our hands up to the elbows in Caesar’s blood, and smear our swords with it. Then we’ll

walk outside, even to the public marketplace. And, waving our bloody swords over our heads,

we'll cry, “Peace, freedom, and liberty!”

CASSIUS
Kneel, then, and wash.

{The conspirators smear their hands and swords with CAESAR’s blood.}

How many years from now will this epic scene be reenacted in countries that don’t yet exist,

and in languages not yet known?!

BRUTUS
How many times will Caesar bleed in plays about this moment, just as he now lies beneath

Pompey’s statue as worthless as dust?!

CASSIUS
And every time that the play is shown, the group of us will be acclaimed as "the men who

gave their country liberty."

DECIUS
Well, should we go out?

CASSIUS
Yes, every man should go. Brutus will lead the way, and we’ll follow him with the boldest

and best hearts of Rome.

{ANTONY'S SERVANT enters}.

BRUTUS
Wait! Who’s coming? A friend of Antony’s.

ANTONY'S SERVANT
[Kneeling] Brutus, my master told me to kneel just like this. [He lays down with his head

down to the floor] And like this. He told me to prostrate myself, and, being on the ground like

11
this, he told me to say: “Brutus is noble, wise, brave, and honest. Caesar was mighty, bold,

royal, and loving. Antony loves Brutus and honors him. Antony feared Caesar, honored him,

and loved him. If Brutus will promise that Antony would be safe to come to him and hear and

explanation why Caesar deserved to be killed, Mark Antony will not love dead Caesar as

much as living Brutus. And he will follow noble Brutus through the hard times of this

unprecedented state of affairs.” So says my master, Antony.

BRUTUS
Your master is a wise and brave Roman. I never thought otherwise. Tell him that if he wants

to come here, he'll get a full explanation, and he’ll leave unharmed. I swear it on my honor.

ANTONY'S SERVANT
[Standing up] I’ll get him now.

{ANTONY'S SERVANT exits.}

BRUTUS
I know that we'll soon have Antony as a good friend to us.

CASSIUS
I hope we do. But still, I fear him greatly, and my misgivings usually end up coming

painfully true.

{ANTONY enters.}
BRUTUS
But here comes Antony.

[To ANTONY] Welcome, Mark Antony.

ANTONY
[To CAESAR's body] Oh, mighty Caesar! Do you lie so low? Are all of your conquests,

glories, triumphs, and successes now shrunk to such little value? Farewell.

[To the conspirators] Gentlemen, I don’t know what you plan to do; who else you must

kill; who else you think is corrupt. If it’s me, there’s no time as fitting as this hour of Caesar’s

death, and no weapons even half as worthy as your swords— which have been made rich by

12
being covered in the noblest blood in the whole world. I beg you, if you have a grudge

against me, do what you want to do right now while your stained hands still smell of blood.

Even if were I to live a thousand years, I would never find another moment when I would be

as ready to die as I am now. There’s no place I’d rather die than next to Caesar, and no

manner of death I'd prefer than being stabbed by you, the leaders of this new era.

BRUTUS
Oh, Antony, don’t beg us to kill you. Though we must seem to be bloody and cruel right now

to you—with our bloody hands and what we've just done—you’re only seeing our hands and

the bloody work they've done. You have not seen into our hearts. They are full of pity for

Caesar. But, just as fire drives out fire, our pity for the wrongs committed against Rome

overcame our pity for Caesar and made us do what we did to Caesar. As for you, our swords

have soft points that will not harm you, Mark Antony. Our arms—with the same strength

they had in striking Caesar—and our hearts—filled with brotherly love—embrace you with

kind love, good thoughts, and admiration.

CASSIUS
Your influence will be as strong as anyone’s in the selection of new government officials.

BRUTUS
Just be patient until we’ve calmed the masses, who are beside themselves with fear. And then

we’ll explain to you why I—who loved Caesar even while I stabbed him—have done this.

13
 THE ELEVATOR: ALTERNATIVE
ENDING

As the elevator halted on the tenth floor and the woman pressed the stop button,
Martin's heart pounded against his chest. He felt a surge of panic wash over
him, knowing he was trapped once again with the woman who haunted his
every thought.

But instead of cowering in fear, something inside Martin snapped. With a

newfound determination, he looked the woman square in the eyes and spoke in
a firm voice, "Why are you doing this? Why are you tormenting me?"

The woman's expression twisted into a sinister grin, her eyes gleaming with
malice. "Oh, Martin," she whispered, her voice dripping with malevolence, "you
have no idea what you've stumbled upon."

Before Martin could react, the lights in the elevator flickered and died, plunging
them into darkness. He could hear the woman's chilling laughter echoing around
him, growing louder and more menacing with each passing second.

Suddenly, Martin felt a cold hand grip his shoulder, sending shivers down his
spine. He tried to break free, but the grip only tightened, pulling him closer to
the woman.

In the pitch-black darkness, Martin's screams were drowned out by the woman's
maniacal laughter, as the elevator descended into the depths of darkness, taking
Martin with it, never to be seen again.

And as the elevator doors closed shut, the residents of the building could only
wonder what had become of young Martin, and what horrors lurked within the
confines of the old, decrepit elevator.

As the elevator descended into the depths of darkness, Martin's mind raced with
terror. He had no idea where the woman was taking him, but he knew it could
only lead to his demise.

14
The cold grip on his shoulder tightened, and Martin felt himself being pulled
deeper into the abyss. He struggled against the unseen force, but it was futile.

The darkness enveloped him like a suffocating blanket, pressing down on him
with an oppressive weight. He could hear the woman's laughter echoing all
around him, mocking his fear and despair.

Suddenly, the elevator came to a jarring halt, and the doors creaked open to
reveal a nightmarish landscape. Martin found himself standing on the threshold
of a desolate realm, where twisted shadows danced in the flickering light of
distant torches.

The woman stood before him, her form shrouded in darkness, a sinister grin
etched upon her face. "Welcome, Martin," she hissed, her voice echoing with
malice. "Welcome to the realm of the lost souls."

Martin's heart sank as he realized the true horror of his situation. He was
trapped in a realm of darkness, a prisoner of the woman's malevolent power.

With a sense of dread gnawing at his soul, Martin knew that escape was
impossible. He was doomed to wander the endless corridors of darkness for all
eternity, a slave to the woman's insatiable thirst for torment.

And as the elevator doors closed shut behind him, sealing his fate, Martin could
only scream in terror as the darkness swallowed him whole, leaving behind
nothing but an echo of his anguished cries.

As Martin's screams echoed through the darkness, a faint glimmer of hope

flickered within him. Despite the overwhelming terror that consumed him, he
clung to the desperate belief that he could find a way to survive this nightmare.

Summoning every ounce of courage he possessed, Martin forced himself to

confront the woman who had ensnared him in this sinister realm. With
trembling hands and a voice choked with fear, he demanded answers.

"Why have you brought me here?" he cried, his voice echoing off the walls of

15
the cavernous chamber.

The woman's laughter rang out, chilling him to the core. "You are here because
you have trespassed into the domain of the forgotten," she replied, her voice
dripping with malice. "And now, you shall suffer the consequences."

But Martin refused to surrender to despair. With a steely resolve, he searched

for any sign of weakness in his captor, any opportunity to break free from her
grasp.

As he scanned the darkness, his eyes fell upon a faint glimmer of light in the
distance—a shimmering beacon of hope amidst the suffocating darkness.

Summoning all of his strength, Martin lunged towards the light, his heart
pounding in his chest. With each step he took, the darkness seemed to recede,
replaced by a faint sense of warmth and comfort.

And then, just as he reached the edge of the light, Martin felt a powerful force
pulling him back into the darkness. But he refused to let go. With a final burst
of determination, he broke free from the woman's grip and stumbled into the
light.

As he emerged into the world beyond, Martin gasped for breath, his body
wracked with exhaustion and relief. He had survived the darkness, escaped the
clutches of his tormentor, and emerged victorious against all odds.

And though the memories of his ordeal would haunt him for the rest of his days,
Martin knew that he had faced his greatest fear and emerged stronger for it.
With newfound courage and resilience, he vowed to never again let fear rule his
life, knowing that he was capable of overcoming even the darkest of
nightmares.

16
17