COLEGIO DE LOS BAÑOS

ADAPTIVE TEACHING GUIDE

EARTH SCIENCE

Lesson #5 GEOTHERMAL AND HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY

Prerequisite Content-knowledge: Mineral and Fossil Fuel Resources

The students were able to explain how minerals are mined and how fossil fuels are formed

Prerequisite Skill: Representation and Communication

The students can explain the process of mining from mineral exploration to milling; and explain the process of fossil fuel formation

Prerequisites Assessment: SHORT RECITATION

1. Why are petroleum products so expensive?

Introduction:
The topic is fairly good enough for one meeting (one hour). For inquiries and clarification, the student may consult their teacher at FB Messenger (thru Chard Pascua FB
account) or contact 0915-515-1429
Students are expected to gain concepts targeting the levels of thinking – Remembering, Understanding and Applying (RUA) on the most essential learning competencies on
a. Scientific and technological literacy on how heat and water can be used as energy
b. Environmental awareness and appreciation on how nature can be harnessed into a source of energy

OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON

This lesson is all about the geothermal and hydroelectric energy; how they are harnessed and the different technologies and advances in sciences used in converting heat
and water into energy

Geothermal energy is a type of renewable energy taken from the Earth’s core. It comes from heat generated during the original formation of the planet and the radioactive
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decay of materials. This thermal energy is stored in rocks and fluids in the center of the earth.
* Hydroelectric energy is a form of renewable energy that uses the power of moving water to generate electricity.According to the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources, coastal
ecosystems of the Philippines are very productive and represent the huge amount of
natural resources. It provides food and livelihood to many people. However, it is also
the most geologically active zone on Earth. Coastal processes in this zone may result
to erosion, submersion and saltwater intrusion. These effects could lead to different
hazards such as:

1. Barrier islands movement.

Barrier islands are formed due to deposition of sand brought by waves
protecting the mainland from damage due to large waves. It also provides
habitat for the aquatic wildlife. It can be destroyed or moved by erosion on the
contrary.

2. Flooding
It also destroys habitat and may lead to great erosion. The main cause
of this hazard is the submersion or sea level rise, a climate change
phenomenon through which ocean water volume increases, ice sheets and
glaciers melt, and occurrence of thermal expansion.

3. Fresh water contamination

Intrusion or movement of saline water to fresh water aquifers can lead
to the degradation or contamination of ground water including drinking
water resources. Intrusion is aided by hydraulic action but triggered by
human activities.
According to the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, coastal
ecosystems of the Philippines are very productive and represent the huge amount of
natural resources. It provides food and livelihood to many people. However, it is also
the most geologically active zone on Earth. Coastal processes in this zone may result
to erosion, submersion and saltwater intrusion. These effects could lead to different
hazards such as:

1. Barrier islands movement.

Barrier islands are formed due to deposition of sand brought by waves
protecting the mainland from damage due to large waves. It also provides
habitat for the aquatic wildlife. It can be destroyed or moved by erosion on the
contrary.

2. Flooding
COLEGIO DE LOS BAÑOS
It also destroys habitat and may lead to great erosion. The main cause
of this hazard is the submersion or sea level rise, a climate change
phenomenon through which ocean water volume increases, ice sheets and
glaciers melt, and occurrence of thermal expansion.

3. Fresh water contamination

Intrusion or movement of saline water to fresh water aquifers can lead
to the degradation or contamination of ground water including drinking
water resources. Intrusion is aided by hydraulic action but triggered by
human activities.

Student’s Experiential Learning:

Chunk 1
Formative question: How is the heat form the earth converted into energy?

Face-to-face Strategy: Video Presentation (link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFQrE91kZwk)

Synthesis:
Heat from the earth can be converted into a renewable source of energy. As a general process on how geothermal energy works, cool water is injected into the
ground. Hot water is then pumped up and heat is used to produce steam and the steam is used to turn the turbine in a generator producing electricity.

Chunk 2:
Formative question: How can water be a source of renewable energy?

Face-to-face Strategy: Video Presentation (link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q8HmRLCgDAI)

Synthesis:
Flowing water can be converted into energy through hydroelectric power plants. First, water is stored in a reservoir or dam. When the dam gate is opened, water flows from
the dam to the penstock. This flowing water creates kinetic energy that turn the turbines that is connected to a generator which later produces electricity.

RUA of a Student’s Learning:

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1. President Bongbong Marcos plans to finish and reopen the Bataan Nuclear Power Plant which one of the cleanest source of energy. Are you in favour of this plan? Site
some possible things that might happen once the nuclear power plant is fully operational (15 pts)

2. If you are to propose one technology that could be used by residents of Los Baños as an alternative source of energy, what would it be? Justify your proposal (15 pts)