‭DIET AND GROWTH‬

‭ ood is an essential part of life, needed for energy, building materials and to protect‬
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‭against diseases.‬
‭Different foods provide our bodies with different things. The basic groups are shown‬
‭below:‬
‭●‬ ‭Carbohydrates‬‭provide‬‭energy‬
‭●‬ ‭Fat‬‭provides‬‭energy and warmth‬
‭●‬ ‭Protein‬‭is needed for‬‭growth and repair‬
‭●‬ ‭Wate‬‭r is needed to keep the‬‭body hydrated‬
‭●‬ ‭Vitamins and minerals‬‭are needed to‬‭fight diseases‬

‭ ‬‭balanced diet‬‭is a‬‭diet that contains all the main nutrients in the correct‬
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‭amounts and proportions‬‭to maintain good health‬‭.‬
‭ ealth issues can arise when the diet contains too much of one group, or if there is‬
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‭not enough of a particular food type.‬

‭So what about vitamins and nutrients?‬

‭ he total amount of energy that‬‭a person requires per day depends on several‬
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‭factors‬‭including:‬

‭●‬ A ‭ ge‬‭– adults and growing teenagers normally require more energy than‬
‭children‬
‭●‬ ‭Gender‬‭– men normally require more energy than women‬
‭●‬ ‭Body size‬‭– larger body size requires more energy‬
‭●‬ ‭Occupation and fitness‬‭– a more active lifestyle will require more energy‬
‭●‬ ‭Physical activity‬‭– those who are physically active require more energy.‬
‭●‬ ‭Pregnancy and breastfeeding‬‭– they need more energy for both themselves‬
‭and their growing and developing baby‬
‭Growth and development‬

‭●‬ G ‭ rowth‬‭refers to a‬‭permanent increase in size and dry mass‬‭, by an‬

‭increase in cell number or cell size or both.‬
‭●‬ ‭Development‬‭refers to the‬‭physiological‬‭and‬‭functional maturation‬‭of the‬
‭organism‬
‭The Effects of Smoking‬
‭●‬ S ‭ moking can increase the risk of lung disease and cancer. Tobacco contains‬
‭many chemicals that can affect the body. These include tar, carbon monoxide‬
‭and nicotine, along with many other chemicals.‬
‭●‬ ‭These chemicals flatten the cilia in the trachea, so they can no longer move‬
‭the mucus – thus increasing coughing and predisposing the smoker to‬
‭respiratory tract infections.‬
‭●‬ ‭Smoking can affect unborn babies.‬