Algebra (Questions+Solutions)


 JEE Advanced Mathematics 10 Years Topicwise Questions with Solutions

®
QUADRATIC EQUATION
1. For x ∈ , then number of real roots of the equation 3x2 – 4|x2 – 1| + x – 1 = 0 is ____.
[JEE(Advanced) 2022]
2
2. Suppose a, b denote the distinct real roots of the quadratic polynomial x + 20x – 2020 and suppose c, d
2
denote the distinct complex roots of the quadratic polynomial x – 20x + 2020. Then the value of
ac(a – c) + ad(a – d) + bc(b – c) + bd(b – d) is [JEE(Advanced) 2020]
(A) 0 (B) 8000 (C) 8080 (D) 16000
Paragraph for Question No. 3 and 4
2
Let p,q be integers and let α, β be the roots of the equation, x – x – 1 = 0, where α ≠ β.
n n
For n = 0,1,2,...., let an = pα + qβ .
FACT : If a and b are rational numbers and a + b 5 =
0 , then a = 0 = b.
3. If a4 = 28, then p + 2q = [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
(A) 14 (B) 7 (C) 12 (D) 21
4. a12 = [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
(A) 2a11 + a10 (B) a11 – a10 (C) a11 + a10 (D) a11 + 2a10
π π
5. Let − < θ < − . Suppose α1 and β1 are the roots of the equation x2 – 2xsecθ + 1 = 0 and α2 and β2 are
6 12
2
the roots of the equation x + 2xtanθ – 1 = 0. If α1 > β1 and α2 > β2, then α1 + β2 equals
(A) 2(secθ – tanθ) (B) 2secθ (C) –2tanθ (D) 0
6. Let S be the set of all non-zero numbers α such that the quadratic equation αx2 – x + α = 0 has two
distinct real roots x1 and x2 satisfying the inequality |x1 – x2| < 1. Which of the following intervals is(are)
a subset(s) of S ? [JEE(Advanced) 2015]
 1 1   1   1   1 1
(A)  − , −  (B)  − , 0 (C)  0,  (D)  , 
 2 5  5   5  5 2
1
JEE Advanced Mathematics 10 Years Topicwise Questions with Solutions ®
SOLUTIONS 4. Ans. (C)
1. Ans. (4) Sol. α2 = α + 1 ⇒ αn = αn–1 + αn–2
2 2
Sol. 3x + x – 1 = 4 |x – 1| ⇒ pαn + qβn = p(αn–1 + αn–2) + q(βn–1 + βn–2)
If x ∈ [–1, 1],
an = an–1 + an–2
3x2 + x – 1 = –4x2 + 4 ⇒ 7x2 + x – 5 = 0
⇒ a12 = a11 + a10
0 5. Ans. (C)
–1 1 2sec θ + 4sec 2 θ − 4
Sol. α1 =
2
say ƒ(x) = 7x2 + x – 5
ƒ(1) = 3 ; ƒ(–1) = 1; ƒ(0) = –1 −2 tan θ ± 4 tan 2 θ + 4
β2 = { α2 > β2}
[Two Roots] 2
If x ∈ (–∞, –1] ∪ [1, ∞) α= sec θ+ | tan θ | { α1 > β1}
1
β2 = − tan θ − sec θ
–1 1
  π π 
α1 = secθ – tanθ  θ ∈  − , −  
3x2 + x – 1 = 4x2 – 4 ⇒ x2 – x – 3 = 0   6 12  
Say g(x) = x2 – x – 3 α1 + β2 = –2tanθ
g(–1) = –1; g(1) = –3 6. Ans. (A, D)
[Two Roots]
Sol. α x2 – x + α = 0
So total 4 roots.
2. Ans. (D) D = 1 – 4α2
2
Sol. x + 20x – 2020 = 0 has two roots a,b ∈ R distinct real roots D > 0
2
x – 20x + 2020 = 0 has two roots c,d ∈ complex  1 1
ac (a – c) + ad (a – d) + bc (b – c) + bd (b – d) ⇒ α ∈ − ,  ...(i)
 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
= a c – ac + a d – ad + b c – bc + b d – bd
given |x1 – x2| < 1
= a2 (c + d) + b2 (c + d) – c2 (a + b) – d2 (a + b)
= (c + d) (a2 + b2) – (a + b) (c2 + d2) 1 − 4α 2
⇒ <1
= (c + d) ((a + b)2 – 2ab) – (a + b) ((c + d)2 – 2cd) |α|
= 20 [(20)2 + 4040] + 20 [(20)2 – 4040] ⇒ 1 – 4α2 < α2
2 2
= 20 [(20) + 4040 + (20) – 4040]
 −1   1 
= 20 × 800 = 16000 ⇒ α ∈  −∞, ∪ , ∞  ...(ii)
 5  5 
3. Ans. (C)
Sol. α2 = α + 1 ⇒ α4 = 3α + 2 from (i) & (ii)
4 4
∴ a4 = 28 ⇒ pα + qβ = p(3α + 2) + q(3β + 2)  −1 −1   1 1 
α∈ , ∪ , 
= 28  2 5   5 2
⇒ p(3α + 2) + q(3 – 3α + 2) = 28
⇒ α(3p – 3q) + 2p + 5q = 28
c
(as α ∈ Q )
⇒ p = q, 2p + 5q = 28 ⇒ p = q = 4
∴ p + 2q = 12
2

®
MATRIX
1. Let
= M (a ij ), i, j ∈ {1, 2, 3}, be the 3 × 3 matrix such that aij = 1 if j + 1 is divisible by i, otherwise
aij = 0. Then which of the following statements is (are) true ? [JEE(Advanced) 2023]
(A) M is invertible
 a1   a1   − a1 
     
(B) There exists a nonzero column matrix  a 2  such that M  a 2  =  −a 2 
a  a   −a 
 3  3  3
0
(C) The set {X ∈  : MX = 0} ≠ {0}, where 0 =  0 
3
0
 
(D) The matrix (M – 2I) is invertible, where I is the 3 × 3 identity matrix
 a 3 b  
  
2.
= Let R  c 2 d  : a, b,c,d ∈ {0,3,5, 7,11,13,17,19} . Then the number of invertible matrices in R is
 0 5 0  
  
3. Let β be a real number. Consider the matrix
β 0 1 
A =  2 1 −2 
 3 1 −2 
 
7 6 5
If A – (β – 1)A – βA is a singular matrix, then the value of 9β is ______. [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
 5 3 
 2  , then which of the following matrices is equal to M2022 ?
4. If M =  2  [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
− 3 1
− 

 2 2
 3034 3033   3034 −3033 
(A)   (B)  
 −3033 −3032   3033 −3032 
 3033 3032   3032 3031 
(C)   (D)  
 −3032 −3031   −3031 −3030 
5. For any 3 × 3 matrix M, let |M| denote the determinant of M. Let [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
1 2 3  1 0 0  1 3 2 
=E =2 3 4  , P 0 0 1  and F = 8 18 13
   
8 13 18  0 1 0  2 4 3 
If Q is a nonsingular matrix of order 3 × 3, then which of the following statements is (are) TRUE ?
1 0 0 
 2
(A) F = PEP and P = 0 1 0

 
0 0 1 
(B) |EQ + PFQ–1| = |EQ| + |PFQ–1|
(C) ( EF ) > EF
3 2
(D) Sum of the diagonal entries of P–1 EP + F is equal to the sum of diagonal entries of E + P–1FP
1
6. For any 3 × 3 matrix M, let |M| denote the determinant of M. Let I be the 3 × 3 identity matrix. Let E and
–1
F be two 3 × 3 matrices such that (I – EF) is invertible. If G = (I – EF) , then which of the following
statements is (are) TRUE ? [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
(A) FE= I − FE FGE (B) ( I − FE ) ( I + FGE ) = I
(C) EFG = GEF (D) ( I − FE )( I − FGE ) =
I
7. Let M be a 3 × 3 invertible matrix with real entries and let I denote the 3 × 3 identity matrix.
–1
If M = adj (adj M), then which of the following statement is/are ALWAYS TRUE ?
2
(A) M = I (B) det M = 1 (C) M = I (D) (adj M)2 = I
8. The trace of a square matrix is defined to be the sum of its diagonal entries. If A is a 2 × 2 matrix such that
3
the trace of A is 3 and the trace of A is –18, then the value of the determinant of A is _____
 sin 4 θ −1 − sin 2 θ  −1
9. Let M =   = αI + β M ,
2 4
1 + cos θ cos θ 
where α = α(θ) and β = β(θ) are real number, and I is the 2 × 2 identity matrix. If
α* is the minimum of the set {α(θ) : θ ∈ [0, 2π)} and
β* is the minimum of the set {β(θ) : θ ∈ [0, 2π)},
then the value of α* + β* is [JEE(Advanced) 2019]
37 29 31 17
(A) − (B) − (C) − (D) −
16 16 16 16
0 1 a   −1 1 −1
10. Let M = 1 2 3  and adjM
=  8 −6 2  where a and b are real numbers. Which of the following
 
 3 b 1   −5 3 −1
options is/are correct ? [JEE(Advanced) 2019]
(A) a + b = 3 (B) det(adjM2) = 81
α  1 
–1 –1
(C) (adjM) + adjM = –M (D) If M  β  = 2  , then α – β + γ = 3
 
 γ   3 
1 0 0  1 0 0  0 1 0  0 1 0  0 0 1 
11. Let P1 = I= 0 1 0  , P2 = 0 0 1  , P3 = 1 0 0  , P4 = 0 0 1  , P5 = 1 0 0  ,
       
0 0 1  0 1 0  0 0 1  1 0 0  0 1 0 
0 0 1  6
2 1 3 
P6 = 0 1 0  and X = ∑ PK 1 0 2  PKT
 
k =1
1 0 0   3 2 1 
where PKT denotes the transpose of the matrix PK. Then which of the following options is/are correct?
(A) X – 30I is an invertible matrix (B) The sum of diagonal entries of X is 18
1 1
(C) If X 1 = α 1 , then α = 30x
  (D) X is a symmetric matrix
1 1
2

®
1 1 1  2 x x 
12. Let x ∈  and let P = 0 2 2  , Q =  0 4 0  and R = PQP–1.
 
0 0 3   x x 6 
Then which of the following options is/are correct? [JEE(Advanced) 2019]
α  0 
(A) For x = 1, there exists a unit vector α i + β j + γk for which R  β  =
ˆ ˆ ˆ 0 
 
 γ  0 
(B) There exists a real number x such that PQ = QP
2 x x 
(C) det R = det  0 4 0  + 8, for all x ∈ 
 x x 5 
1  1 
(D) For x = 0, if R  a  = 6  a  , then a + b = 5
 
 b   b 
 b1 
 
13. Let S be the set of all column matrices  b2  such that b1, b2, b3 ∈  and the system of equations
 b3 
(in real variables)

–x + 2y + 5z = b1
2x – 4y + 3z = b2
x – 2y + 2z = b3
has at least one solution. Then, which of the following system(s) (in real variables) has (have) at least one
 b1 
 
solution of each  b2  ∈ S ? [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
 b3 
(A) x + 2y + 3z = b1, 4y + 5z = b2 and x + 2y + 6z = b3

(B) x + y + 3z = b1, 5x + 2y + 6z = b2 and –2x – y – 3z = b3
(C) –x + 2y – 5z = b1, 2x – 4y + 10z = b2 and x – 2y + 5z = b3
(D) x + 2y + 5z = b1, 2x + 3z = b2 and x + 4y – 5z = b3
14. Let P be a matrix of order 3 × 3 such that all the entries in P are from the set {–1, 0, 1}. Then, the
maximum possible value of the determinant of P is _____ . [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
15. Which of the following is(are) NOT the square of a 3 × 3 matrix with real entries ?
1 0 0   −1 0 0 
(A) 0 1 0  (B)  0 −1 0 
0 0 −1  0 0 −1
1 0 0  1 0 0 
(C) 0 1 0  (D) 0 −1 0 
0 0 1  0 0 −1
3
16. For a real number α, if the system
1 α α2  x  1
   
α 1 α   y  =  −1
α2 α 1   z   1 

of linear equations, has infinitely many solutions, then 1 + α + α2 = [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
17. How many 3 × 3 matrices M with entries from {0,1,2} are there, for which the sum of the diagonal entries
of MTM is 5 ? [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
(A) 198 (B) 126
(C) 135 (D) 162
 3 −1 −2 
Let P 2 0 α  , where α ∈ , Suppose Q = [qij] is a matrix such that PQ = kI, where k ∈ ,
18. =
 3 −5 0 
k k2
k ≠ 0 and I is the identity matrix of order 3. If q23 = – and det(Q) = , then- [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
8 2
(A) α = 0, k = 8 (B) 4α – k + 8 = 0
(C) det(Padj(Q)) = 29 (D) det(Qadj(P)) = 2
13
 1 0 0
19. Let P =  4 1 0  and I be the identity matrix of order 3. If Q = [qij] is a matrix such that P50 – Q = I,
16 4 1 
q 31 + q 32
then equals [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
q 21
(A) 52 (B) 103 (C) 201 (D) 205
20. Let X and Y be two arbitrary, 3 × 3, non-zero, skew-symmetric matrices and Z be an arbitrary
3 × 3, non-zero, symmetric matrix. Then which of the following matrices is (are) skew symmetric ?
3 4 4 3 44 44
(A) Y Z – Z Y (B) X + Y
4 3 3 4
(C) X Z – Z X (D) X23 + Y23
21. Let M be a 2 × 2 symmetric matrix with integer entries. Then M is invertible if [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
(A) the first column of M is the transpose of the second row of M
(B) the second row of M is the transpose of the first column of M
(C) M is a diagonal matrix with nonzero entries in the main diagonal
(D) the product of entries in the main diagonal of M is not the square of an integer
22. Let M and N be two 3 × 3 matrices such that MN = NM. Further, if M ≠ N2 and M2 = N4 , then
(A) determinant of (M2 + MN2) is 0
(B) there is a 3 × 3 non-zero matrix U such that (M2 + MN2)U is zero matrix
(C) determinant of (M2 + MN2) ≥ 1
(D) for a 3 × 3 matrix U, if (M2 + MN2) U equals the zero matrix then U is the zero matrix
4

®
SOLUTIONS Case-II ad = bc ≠ 0
1. Ans. (B, C) either a = d = b = c
 a11 a12 a13  1 1 1  OR a ≠ d, b ≠ d but ad = bc
a
Sol. M =
 1 0 1  7
C1 = 7 ways
=  21 a 22 a 23    7
 a 31 a 32 a 33  0 1 0  C2 × 2 × 2 = 84 ways
Total 91 ways
|M| = –1 + 1 = 0
∴ |R| = 0 in 225 + 91 = 316 ways
⇒ M is singular so non-invertible
|R| ≠ 0 in 84 – 316 = 3780
Option (B) :
3. Ans. (3)
 a1   −a1   1 1 1   a1   −a1 
β 0 1 
M a 2  =  −a  ⇒  1 0 1   a  =
 2 

  2   −a 2 

 
=
Sol. A  2 1 −2  |A| = – 1
 a 3   −a 3  0 1 0   a 3   −a 3 
 3 1 −2 
 
a1 + a 2 + a 3 =−a1 
 ⇒ |A7 – (β – 1)A6 – βA5| = 0
a1 + a 3 = −a 2  ⇒ a1 = 0 and a2 + a3 = 0 ⇒ |A|5 |A2 – (β – 1)A – βI| = 0
a 2 = −a 3 
 ⇒ |A|5 |(A2 – βA) + A –βI| = 0
infinite solutions exists [B] is correct. ⇒ |A|5 |A(A – βI) + I(A – βI)| = 0
Option (D) : |A|5 |(A +I) (A – βI)| = 0
1 1 1  1 0 0   −1 1 1  β +1 0 1 
= 1 0 1  − 2 0 1 0=
M − 2I   

 1 −2 1 
 

A + I = 2

2 −2  ⇒ A + I =−4 , Here
0 1 0  0 0 1   0 1 −2   3 1 −1 

|M – 2I| = 0 ⇒ [D] is wrong |A| ≠ 0 & |A + I| ≠ 0
Option (C) :
0 0 1 
1 1 1   x   0   
A − βI
=  2 1− β −2 
    
MX = 0 ⇒ 1 0 1 y = 0 3
      1 −2 − β 
0 1 0   z  0  1
x+y+z=0 A − βI = 2 − 3 (1 − β ) = 3β − 1 = 0 ⇒ β =
3
x+z=0 9β = 3
y=0 4. Ans. (A)
∴ Infinite solution
5 3
[C] is correct  2
Sol. M= 2 
2. Ans. (3780)  −3 −1 
Sol. Let us calculate when |R| = 0  2 2 
Case-I ad = bc = 0
3 3 
Now ad = 0 2 +1 2 
M= 
⇒ Total – (When none of a & d is 0)  −3 −3 + 1
= 82 – 72 = 15 ways  2 2 
Similarly bc = 0 ⇒ 15 ways 31 1 
M= I + 
∴15 × 15 = 225 ways of ad = bc = 0 2  −1 −1
5
2 –1 –1
1 1 (D) as P = I ⇒ P = P so P FP = PFP
Let A =  
 −1 −1 = PPEPP = E
so E + P–1FP = E + E = 2E
 1 1   1 1  0 0 
=A 2 =     P–1EP + F ⇒ PEP + F = 2PEP
 −1 −1  −1 −1 0 0  Tr(2PEP) = 2Tr(PEP) = 2Tr(EPP) = 2Tr(E)
2022
 3  6. Ans. (A, B, C)
M 2022=  I + A 
 2  Sol. |I – EF| ≠ 0 ; G = (I – EF)–1 ⇒ G–1 = I – EF
= I + 3033A Now, G.G–1 = I = G–1 G
⇒ G (I – EF) = I = (I – EF) G
1 0  1 1
=   + 3033   ⇒ G – GEF = I = G – EFG
0 1   −1 −1
⇒ GEF = EFG [C is Correct]
 3034 3033  (I – FE) (I + FGE) = I + FGE – FE – FEFGE
=  
 −3033 −3032  = I + FGE – FE – F (G – I) E
5. Ans.(A, B, D) = I + FGE – FE – FGE + FE
= I [(B) is Correct]
 1 0 0  1 2 3  1 0 0 
    (So 'D' is Incorrect)
Sol. PEP =  0 0 1  2 3 4  0 0 1 
We have
 0 1 0  8 13 18  0 1 0 
    (I – FE) (I +FGE) = I …..(I)
 1 2 3  1 0 0   1 3 2  Now
     FE(I + FGE)
 8 13 18  0 0 1  =  8 18 13  = FE + FEFGE
 2 3 4  0 1 0   2 4 3 
    
= FE + F(G – I)E
 1 0 0  1 0 0  1 0 0 = FE + FGE – FE
2     
P =0 0 1  0 0 1  0 1 0
= FGE
 0 1 0  0 1 0  0 0 1 ⇒ |FE| |I + FGE| = |FGE|
    
1
(B) EQ + PFQ −1 =EQ + PFQ −1 ⇒ |FE| × = |FGE| (from (1))
I – FE
E = 0 and F = 0 and Q ≠ 0 ⇒ |FE| = |I–FE| |FGE|
P F (option (A) is Correct)
−1
= Q 0 , PFQ
EQ E= = = 0 7. Ans. (B, C, D)
Q
Sol. det (M) ≠ 0
T = EQ + PFQ–1 –1
M = adj(adj M)
2 2 2 2
TQ = EQ + PF = EQ + P EP = EQ + EP M–1 = det(M).M
= E(Q2 + P) M–1M = det(M).M2
(
TQ= E Q 2 + P ⇒ T Q ) I = det(M).M2 …. (i)
5
det(I) = (det(M))
= E Q 2 + P =0 ⇒ T =0 (as |Q| ≠ 0) 1 = det(M) …. (ii)
2
From (i) I=M
(C) ( EF )3 > EF
2
(adj M) = adj (M2) = adj I = I

2
Here 0 > 0 (false)
6

®
8. Ans. (5) 2 2 sin 2 2θ 1
α(θ) = 1 – 2sin θ cos θ =
1− ≥
Sol. M-I 2 2
4 4 2 2
a b  a 2 + bc ab + bd  Also, β(θ) = –(sin θcos θ + (1+ cos θ) (1+ sin θ))
2
Let A =   A = 2 4 4 2 2 2 2
c d   ac + dc bc + d  = –(sin θcos θ + 1 + cos θ + sin θ + sin θcos θ)
 a 3 + 2abc + bdc a 2 b + abd + b 2 c + bd 2  2 sin 2 2θ  1 

3
A = 2 = – (t + t + 2), t = ∈ 0, 
2 2  4  4
a c + adc + bc + d c abc + 2bcd + d 3 
Given trace(A) = a + d = 3 37
3 3 3 ⇒ β(θ) > −
and trace(A ) = a + d + 3abc + 3bcd = –18 16
⇒ a3 + d3 + 3bc(a + d) = –18 10. Ans. (A, C, D)
⇒ a3 + d3 + 9bc = –18 Sol. (adjM)11 = 2 – 3b = –1 ⇒ b = 1
⇒ (a + d)((a + d)2 – 3ad) + 9bc = –18 Also, (adjM)22 = –3a = –6 ⇒ a = 2
⇒ 3(9 – 3ad) + 9bc = –18 0 1 2

⇒ ad – bc = 5 = determinant of A Now, det M = 1 2 3 = −2
3 1 1
M-II
⇒ det(adjM2) = (detM2)2
a b 
A=   ; ∆ = ad – bc 4
c d  = (detM) = 16
|A – λI| = (a – λ)(d – λ) – bc adjM

Also M −1 =
2 det M
= λ – (a + d)λ + ad – bc
⇒ adjM = –2M–1
= λ2 – 3λ + ∆
–1 −1
⇒ O = A2 – 3A + ∆I ⇒ (adjM) = M
2
⇒ A2 = 3A – ∆I
And, adj(M–1) = (M–1)–1 det(M–1)
3 2
⇒ A = 3A – ∆A
1 −M
= 3(3A – ∆I) – ∆A = = M
det M 2
= (9 – ∆)A – 3∆I Hence, (adjM)–1 + adj(M–1) = –M
a b  1 0  Further, MX = b
= (9 – ∆)   − 3∆  
c d  0 1  –1 −adjM
⇒ X=M b= b
∴ 3
trace A = (9 – ∆)(a + d) – 6∆ 2
⇒ –18 = (9 – ∆)(3) – 6∆  −1 1 −1 1 

−1 
= 8 −6 2  2 
= 27 – 9∆ 2 
 −5 3 −1  3 
⇒ 9∆ = 45 ⇒ ∆ = 5
9. Ans. (B)  −2  1
−1    −1
–1 = 2 =
Sol. Given M = αI + βM 2    
 −2   1 
⇒ M2 – αM – βI = O
⇒ (α, β, γ) = (1, –1, 1)
By putting values of M and M2, we get
7
11. Ans. (B, C, D) 12. Ans. (C, D)
2 1 3   1 
  Sol. det(R) = det(PQP–1) = (det P)(detQ)  
Sol. Let Q = 1 0 2
   det P 
 3 2 1  = det Q
2
6 = 48 – 4x
X = ∑ Pk QP ( T
K ) Option (A) :
k =1
6 for x = 1 det (R) = 44 ≠ 0

( )
T
=XT ∑=
Pk QPKT X
k =1 α  0 
X is symmetric    
∴ for equation R β =0
   
1  γ  0 
 
Let R = 1
  We will have trivial solution
1
α=β=γ=0
6
Option (B) :
XR = ∑ PK QPKT R . [ PKTR = R]
k =1 PQ = QP
–1
 6
6
 PQP = Q
= ∑= PK QR.  ∑ PK  QR
= K 1= K 1  R=Q
No value of x.
2 2 2 
6
6 
=∑ PK =2 2 2  QR 3 
 
Option (C) :
K =1
2 2 2  6  2 x x 
det  0 4 0  + 8
2 2 2  6  30 
 x x 5 
⇒ XR = 2 2 2  3  = 30  = 30R
 
2 2 2  6  30  = (40 – 4x2) + 8 = 48 – 4x2 = det R ∀ x ∈ R
⇒ α = 30. Option (D):
 6
 2 1 2 / 3
Trace X = Trace  ∑
 K =1
PK QPKT 

R = 0 4 4 / 3
6
0 0 6 
= ∑ Trace=
PK QPKT (
( Trace Q ) 18
6= ) 1 
K =1
1 1 ( R − 6I ) a  = O

X 1 = 30 1
   b 
1 1 2b
⇒ −4 + a + =0
3
1
⇒ ( X − 30I ) 1 =O ⇒ X − 30I =0 −2a +
4b
0
=
1 3
⇒a 2 =
= b 3
⇒ X − 30I is non-invertible
a+b=5
8

®
13. Ans. (A, D) 15. Ans. (A, B)
Sol. We find D = 0 & since no pair of planes are 16. Ans. (1)
2 3 2 2 2
parallel, so there are infinite number of Sol. ∆= 0 ⇒ 1(1 – α ) – α(α – α )+α (α – α )= 0
(1 – α2) – α2 + α4 = 0
solutions.
(α2 – 1)2 = 0 ⇒ α = ±1
Let αP1 + λP2 = P3
but at α = 1 No solution so rejected
⇒ P1 + 7P2 = 13P3 at α = –1 all three equation become
⇒ b1 + 7b2 = 13b3 x – y + z = 1 (coincident planes)
∴ 1 + α + α2 = 1
(A) D ≠ 0 ⇒ unique solution for any b1, b2, b3
17. Ans. (A)
(B) D = 0 but P1 + 7P2 ≠ 13P3
a b c
(C) As planes are parallel and there exist Sol. Let M = d e ƒ
infinite ordered triplet for which they will g h i
be non coincident although satisfying T 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
∴ tr(M M)=a + b + c + d + c + ƒ + g + h + i
b1 + 7b2 = 13b3. = 5, where entries are {0,1,2}
∴ rejected. Only two cases are possible.
(I) five entries 1 and other four zero
(D) D ≠ 0 9
∴ C5 × 1
14. Ans. (4) (II) One entry is 2, one entry is 1 and others are 0.
9
a1 a2 a3 ∴ C2 × 2!
Sol. ∆ = b1 b2 b3 Total = 126 + 72 = 198
18. Ans. (B, C)
c1 c2 c3
Sol. PQ = kI
= ( a1 b2 c3 + a 2 b3c1 + a 3 b1c 2 ) – ( a 3 b2 c1 + a 2 b1c3 + a1 b3c 2 ) |P|.|Q| = k
3
 
x y ⇒ |P| =2k ≠ 0 ⇒ P is an invertible matrix
Now if x ≤ 3 and y ≥ –3  PQ = kI
the ∆ can be maximum 6 ∴ Q = kP–1I
But it is not possible adj.P
∴ Q=
2
as x = 3 ⇒ each term of x = 1
k
and y = 3 ⇒ each term of y = –1  q23 = −
8
3 3
− ( 3α + 4 ) k
⇒ ∏ a i bici = 1 and ∏ a i b i ci = –1 ∴
2
=−
8
⇒k=4
i =1 i =1
which is contradiction ∴ |P| = 2k ⇒ k = 10 + 6α ...(i)

Put value of k in (i).. we get α = –1
so now next possibility is 4
∴ 4α – k + 8 = 0
which is obtained as 2
 k2 
1 1 1 & det (P(adj.Q)) = |P| |adj.Q| = 2k.  
 2 
−1 11 = 1(1 + 1) − 1(−1 − 1) + 1(1 − 1) = 4
k5
1 −1 1 = = 29
2
9
19. Ans. (B) 21. Ans. (C, D)
 1 0 0  1 0 0 a b
Sol. Let M =  
 
Sol. P = 4 1 0 ⇒ P =
2  8 1 0  b c 
  
16 4 1  16 + 32 8 1  a   b 
(A) Given that   =   ⇒ a = b = c = α(let)
 b  c 
 1 0 0
 α α 
so, P =
3
 12 1 0  ⇒ M=α α  ⇒ M =⇒
0 Non-invertible
 
16 + 32 + 48 12 1 
(B) Given that [b c] = [a b] ⇒ a = b = c = α(let)
(from the symmetry)
again |M| = 0 ⇒ Non-invertible
  a 0 
 1 0 0 (C) As given M =   ⇒ |M| = ac ≠ 0
50   0 c 
P =  200 1 0
16.50.51  ( a & c are non zero)
 200 1 
 2  ⇒ M is invertible
50 16.50.51 a b
As, P – Q = I ⇒ q31 = (D) M =  2
 ⇒ M = ac − b ≠ 0
2  b c 
q32 = 200 and q21 = 200  ac is not equal to square of an integer
q 31 + q 32 16.50.51 ∴ M is invertible
∴ = +1
q 21 2.200 22. Ans. (A, B)
= 102 + 1 = 103 Sol. (A) (M – N2) (M + N2) = O ...(1)
20. Ans. (C, D) (∴ MN2 = N2M)
T T T
Sol. x = – x, y = –y, z = z ⇒ |M – N2| |M + N2| = 0
3 4 4 3 Case I : If |M + N2| = 0
(A) Let P = y z – z y
T 3 4 T 4 3 T
∴ |M2 + MN2| = 0
P = (y z ) – (z y )
Case II : If |M + N2| ≠ 0 ⇒ M + N2 is invertible
4 3 3 4
= –z y + y z = P ⇒ symmetric
from (1)
44 44
(B) Let P = x + y (M – N2)(M + N2)(M + N2)–1 = O
T 44 T 44 T
P = (X ) + (y ) = P ⇒ symmetric ⇒ M – N2= O which is wrong
(C)
4 3 3 4
Let P = x z – z x (B) (M + N2)(M – N2) = O
T 3 T 4 T 4 T 3 T pre-multiply by M
P = (z ) (x ) – (x ) (z )
⇒ (M2 + MN2)(M – N2) = O ...(2)
= z3x4 – x4z3 = – P ⇒ skew symmetric
Let M – N2 = U
23 23
(D) Let P = x + y ⇒ from equation (2) there exist same non zero 'U'
PT = –x23 – y23 = –P ⇒ skew symmetric 2 2
(M + MN )U = O
10

®
DETERMINANT
1. Let α, β and γ be real numbers. consider the following system of linear equations
x + 2y + z = 7 [JEE(Advanced) 2023]
x + αz = 11
2x – 3y + βz = γ
Match each entry in List-I to the correct entries in List-II.
List-I List-II
1
(P) If β = (7α – 3) and γ = 28, then the system has (1) a unique solution
2
1
(Q) If β = (7α – 3) and γ ≠ 28, then the system has (2) no solution
2
1
(R) If β ≠ (7α – 3) where α = 1 and γ ≠ 28, (3) infinitely many solutions
2
then the system has
1
(S) If β ≠ (7α – 3) where α = 1 and γ = 28, (4) x = 11, y = –2 and z = 0 as a solution
2
then the system has
(5) x = –15, y = 4 and z = 0 as a solution
The correct option is :
(A) (P) → (3) (Q) → (2) (R) → (1) (S) → (4) (B) (P) → (3) (Q) → (2) (R) → (5) (S) → (4)
(C) (P) → (2) (Q) → (1) (R) → (4) (S) → (5) (D) (P) → (2) (Q) → (1) (R) → (1) (S) → (3)
2. Let 𝑝𝑝, 𝑞𝑞, 𝑟𝑟 be nonzero real numbers that are, respectively, the 10th, 100th and 1000th terms of a harmonic
progression. Consider the system of linear equations [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
x+y+z=1
10x + 100y + 1000z = 0
qr x + pr y + pq z = 0.
List-I List-II
q 10 1
(I) If = 10, then the system of linear equations has (P) x = 0, y = ,z = − as a solution
r 9 9
p 10 1
(II) If ≠ 100, then the system of linear equations has (Q) x =, y =
− ,z =
0 as a solution
r 9 9
p
(III) If ≠ 10, then the system of linear equations has (R) infinitely many solutions
q
p
(IV) If = 10, then the system of linear equations has (S) no solution
q
(T) at least one solution
The correct option is:

(A) (I) → (T); (II) → (R); (III) → (S); (IV) → (T)
(B) (I) → (Q); (II) → (S); (III) → (S); (IV) → (R)
(C) (I) → (Q); (II) → (R); (III) → (P); (IV) → (R)
(D) (I) → (T); (II) → (S); (III) → (P); (IV) → (T)
1
x x2 1 + x3
3. The total number of distinct x ∈ R for which 2x 4x 2 1 + 8x 3 = 10 is [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
2 3
3x 9x 1 + 27x
(1 + α ) (1 + 2α ) (1 + 3α )
2 2 2
( 2 + α ) ( 2 + 2α ) ( 2 + 3α )
2 2 2
4. Which of the following values of α satisfy the equation −648α ?
=
( 3 + α ) ( 3 + 2α ) ( 3 + 3α )
2 2 2
(A) –4 (B) 9 (C) –9 (D) 4
2

®
SOLUTIONS y = –2 is always be the solution
1. Ans. (A) ∴ if γ ≠ 28
Sol. Given x + 2y + z = 7 …. (1) System has a unique solution
x + αz = 11 …. (2) if γ = 28
2x – 3y + βz = γ …. (3) ⇒ x = 11, y = –2 and

z = 0 will be one of the solution
1 2 1
Now, ∆ = 1 0 α = 7α – 2β – 3 ∴R→1;S→4
2 −3 β ∴ option 'A' is correct
2. Ans. (B)
1
∴ if β = ( 7α − 3 ) q
2 Sol. If = 10 ⇒ A = D ⇒ Dx = Dy = Dz = 0
r
⇒ ∆ =0
So, there are infinitely many solutions
7 2 1
Look of infinitely many solutions can be given as
Now, ∆x = 11 0 α
x+y+z=1
γ −3 β
& 10x + 100y + 1000z = 0
= 21α – 22β + 2αγ – 33 ⇒ x + 10y + 100z = 0
∴ if γ = 28 Let z = λ
⇒ ∆x = 0 then x + y = 1 – λ
1 7 1 and x + 10y = –100λ
∆y = 1 11 α
10 −1
2 γ β ⇒x= + 10 λ ; y = − 11λ
9 9
∆y = 4β + 14α – αγ + γ – 22  10 −1 
i.e., (x, y, z) ≡  + 10 λ, − 11λ, λ 
∴ if γ = 28  9 9 
⇒ ∆y = 0  10 −1 
Q  , ,0  valid for λ = 0
1 2 7  9 9 
Now, ∆ z = 1 0 11 = 56 − 2 γ  10 −1 
P  0, ,  not valid for any λ.
2 −3 γ  9 9 
If γ = 28 (I) → Q,R,T
⇒ ∆ z =0 p
(II) If ≠ 100 , then Dy ≠ 0
r
1
∴ if γ = 28 and β = ( 7α − 3 ) So no solution
2
(II) → (S)
⇒ system has infinite solution
p
and if γ ≠ 28 (III) If ≠ 10 , then Dz ≠ 0 so, no solution
q
⇒ system has no solution
(III) → (S)
⇒ P → (3) ; Q → (2)
p
1 (IV) If = 10 ⇒ Dz = 0 ⇒ Dx = Dy = 0
Now if β ≠ ( 7α − 3 ) q
2
so infinitely many solution
⇒∆≠0
(IV) → Q,R,T
and for α = 1 clearly
3
3. Ans. (2)
1 1 1 + x3
Sol. x3 2 4 1 + 8x 3 =
10
3 9 1 + 27x 3
1 1 1 1 1 1
3 3 3
⇒ x 1 2 4 + x .x 2 4 8 =0
1 3 9 3 9 27
3 6
⇒ x (25 – 23) + 6x .2 = 10
6 3
⇒ 6x + x – 5 = 0
3 5
⇒ x= , −1
6
two real solutions
4. Ans. (B, C)
1 α2 1 1 1
α
Sol. 4 2α α 2 2 4 6 =−648α
9 3α α 2 1 4 9
1 1 11 1 1
3
α 4 2 12 4 6=−648α
9 3 11 4 9
–8α3 = –648α
3
⇒ α = 81α
∴ α = 0,9,–9
4

®
SEQUENCE & SERIES
 r
1. Let 75...57 denote the (r + 2) digit number where the first and the last digits are 7 and the remaining
99
98
75...57 + m
r digits are 5. Consider the sum S = 77 + 757 + 7557 + …+ 75...57 . If S = , where m and n
n
are natural numbers less than 3000, then the value of m + n is [JEE(Advanced) 2023]
2. Let 𝑙𝑙1, 𝑙𝑙2,…, 𝑙𝑙100 be consecutive terms of an arithmetic progression with common difference 𝑑𝑑1, and let
𝑤𝑤1, 𝑤𝑤2,…, 𝑤𝑤100 be consecutive terms of another arithmetic progression with common difference 𝑑𝑑2,
where 𝑑𝑑1𝑑𝑑2 = 10. For each 𝑖𝑖 = 1, 2,…,100, let 𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖 be a rectangle with length 𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑖, width 𝑤𝑤𝑖𝑖 and
area 𝐴𝐴𝑖𝑖. If 𝐴𝐴51 − 𝐴𝐴50 = 1000, then the value of 𝐴𝐴100 − 𝐴𝐴90 is ____________. [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
3. Let 𝑎𝑎1, 𝑎𝑎2, 𝑎𝑎3,… be an arithmetic progression with 𝑎𝑎1 = 7 and common difference 8. Let 𝑇𝑇1, 𝑇𝑇2, 𝑇𝑇3,… be
such that 𝑇𝑇1 = 3 and 𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛+1 − 𝑇𝑇𝑛𝑛 = 𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛 for 𝑛𝑛 ≥ 1. Then, which of the following is/are TRUE ?
20
(A) 𝑇𝑇20 = 1604 (B) ∑ k =1 Tk = 10510
30
(C) 𝑇𝑇30 = 3454 (D) ∑ k =1 Tk = 35610
4. ( )
Let m be the minimum possible value of log3 3y1 + 3y2 + 3y3 , where y1, y2, y3 are real numbers for
which y1 + y2 + y3 = 9. Let M be the maximum possible value of (log3x1 + log3x2 + log3x3), where x1, x2, x3
are positive real numbers for which x1 + x2 + x3 = 9. Then the value of log2 (m3) + log3(M2) is ______.
5. Let a1, a2, a3, ….. be a sequence of positive integers in arithmetic progression with common difference 2.
Also, let b1, b2, b3, ….. be a sequence of positive integers in geometric progression with common ratio 2.
If a1 = b1 = c, then the number of all possible values of c, for which the equality
2(a1 + a2 + ….+an) = b1 + b2 + ….. + bn
holds for some positive integer n, is ______ [JEE(Advanced) 2020]
2
6. Let α and β be the roots of x – x – 1 = 0, with α > β. For all positive integers n, define
α n − βn
=an , n ≥1
α −β
b1 = 1 and bn = an–1 + an+1, n > 2.
Then which of the following options is/are correct ? [JEE(Advanced) 2019]
∞
a 10
(A) a1 + a2 + a3 + ..... + an = an+2 – 1 for all n > 1 (B) ∑ 10nn = 89
n =1
∞
b 8
(C) ∑ 10nn = 89 (D) bn = αn + βn for all n > 1
n =1
1
7. Let AP (a; d) denote the set of all the terms of an infinite arithmetic progression with first term a and
common difference d > 0. If AP(1; 3) ∩ AP(2; 5) ∩ AP(3; 7) = AP(a; d) then a + d equals ______.
8. Let X be the set consisting of the first 2018 terms of the arithmetic progression 1, 6, 11, ..... , and Y be the
set consisting of the first 2018 terms of the arithmetic progression 9, 16, 23, ..... Then, the number of
elements in the set X ∪ Y is ______. [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
9. The sides of the right angled triangle are in arithmetic progression. If the triangle has area 24, then what is
the length of its smallest side ? [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
10. Let bi > 1 for i = 1, 2, ....., 101. Suppose logeb1, logeb2,.....,logeb101 are in Arithmetic Progression (A.P.)
with the common difference loge2. Suppose a1, a2,......, a101 are in A.P. such that a1 = b1 and
a51 = b51. If t = b1 + b2 + ..... + b51 and s = a1 + a2 + .... + a51 then [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
(A) s > t and a101 > b101 (B) s > t and a101 < b101
(C) s < t and a101 > b101 (D) s < t and a101 < b101
11. Suppose that all the terms of an arithmetic progression (A.P.) are natural numbers. If the ratio of the sum
of the first seven terms to the sum of the first eleven terms is 6 : 11 and the seventh term lies in between
130 and 140, then the common difference of this A.P. is [JEE(Advanced) 2015]
b
12. Let a,b,c be positive integers such that is an integer. If a,b,c are in geometric progression and the
a
a 2 + a − 14
arithmetic mean of a,b,c is b + 2, then the value of is [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
a +1
2

®
SOLUTIONS 30
∑ Tk = 35615
1. Ans. (1219) k =1
Sol. S = 77 + 757 + 7557 + … + 75.....57


20
98 ∑ Tk = 10510
k =1
10S = 770 + 7570 + … + 75 … 570 + 755 ….. 570
___________________________________________ 4. Ans. (8.00)
1
9S = –77 + 13 + 13 + ..... + 13 + 75.....570
  3y1 + 3y2 + 3y3  (y1 + y2 + y3 )  3
98
Sol. ≥ 3 
98 times 3
= –77 + 13 × 98 + 75.....57
 + 13 ⇒ 3y1 + 3y2 + 3y3 ≥ 34
99
75.....57 ⇒ log3 (3y1 + 3y2 + 3y3 ) ≥ 41

 + 1210
99
S= ⇒ m=4
9
x + x2 + x3 3
m = 1210 Also, 1 ≥ x1x 2 x 3
n=9 3
m + n = 1219 ⇒ x1x 2 x 3 ≤ 27
2. Ans. (18900.00) ⇒ log3 x1 + log3 x 2 + log3 x 3 ≤ 3
Sol. Given
⇒ M=3
A 51 − A 50 = 1000 ⇒  51w 51 −  50 w 50 = 1000
Thus, log2 (m 3 ) + log3 (M 2 ) =
6+2= 8
⇒ ( 1 + 50d1 )( w1 + 50d 2 ) −
5. Ans. (1.00)
( 1 + 49d1 )( w1 + 49d 2 ) =
1000
Sol. Given 2(a1 + a 2 + ...... + a n ) =b1 + b2 + ...... + b n
⇒ ( 1d 2 + w1d1 ) =
10 ….(1)
(As d1d2 = 10) n  2n − 1 
⇒ 2 × (2c + (n − 2)2) =
c 
∴ A100 − A=90 100 w100 −  90 w 90 2  2 −1 
2 n
( 1 + 99d1 )( w1 + 99d 2 ) −
= ⇒ 2n – 2n = c(2 – 1 – 2n)
( 1 + 89d1 )( w1 + 89d 2 ) ⇒
= c
2n 2 − 2n
∈
2 n − 1 − 2n
= 10 ( 1d 2 + w1d1 ) + ( 992 − 892 ) d1d 2
So, 2n2 – 2n ≥ 2n – 1 – 2n
= 10 (10 ) + ( 99 − 89 )( 99 + 89 )(10 ) ⇒ 2n2 + 1 ≥ 2n ⇒ n < 7


=10 ⇒ n can be 1,2,3,....,
(As, d1d2 = 10) Checking c against these values of n
= 100 (1 + 188) = 100 (189) = 18900 we get c = 12 (when n = 3)
3. Ans. (B, C) Hence number of such c = 1
Sol. a1 = 7, d = 8 6. Ans. (A, B, D)
Tn +1 − Tn = a n ∀n ≥ 1 Sol. α, β are roots of x2 – x –1
Sn = T1 + T2 + T3 + ... + Tn −1 + Tn
ar+2 – ar =
(α r +2
) (
− β r +2 − α r − β r )
Sn =T1 + T2 + T3 + .... + Tn −1 + Tn α −β
on subtraction
Tn = T1 + a1 + a2 + …. + an–1 =
(α r +2
−α − β r
) ( r +2
− βr )
α −β
Tn = 3 + (n – 1) (4n – 1)
Tn = 4n2 – 5n + 4
=
(
α α − 1 − β r β2 − 1
r 2
) ( )
n α −β
∑ Tk = 4∑ n 2 − 5∑ n + 4n α α − β β α r +1 − β r +1
r r
k =1
= = = ar+1
T20 = 1504 α −β α −β
T30 = 3454 ⇒ ar+2 – ar+1 = ar
3
n
α 2 − β2 9. Ans. (6)
⇒ ∑ a r = a n +2 − a 2 = a n +2 − α −β
r =1
= a n + 2 − ( α +=
β ) a n +2 − 1 a–d
a+d
Sol.
∞ n ∞ n
α β
∞ ∑  10  − ∑  10 
a n n 1 =n 1
a
Now ∑=
n
=
α −β
n =1 10 where d > 0, a > 0
α β
⇒ length of smallest side = a – d
10 − 10 2 2 2
α β α β Now (a + d) = a + (a – d)
1− 1− −
= = 10 10 10 − α 10 − β ⇒ a(a – 4d) = 0
α −β (α − β)
∴ a = 4d ...(1)
10 10
= = (As a = 0 is rejected)
(10 − α )(10 − β ) 89
α β 1
∞ ∞ Also, a. ( a − d ) =
24
b a n −1 + a n +1 12 2
∑ 10nn =∑ = 10 + 10 =
10 n α β 89
=n 1=n 1 1− 1− ⇒ a(a – d) = 48 ...(2)
10 10
Further, bn = an–1 + an+1 ∴ From (1) and (2), we get a = 8, d = 2
=
(α n −1
) (
− β n −1 + α n +1 − βn +1 ) Hence, length of smallest side
⇒ (a – d) = (8 – 2) = 6
α −β
(as αβ = –1 ⇒ αn–1 = –αnβ & βn–1 = –αβn) 10. Ans. (B)
α n ( α − β ) + ( α − β ) βn n n
Sol. If logeb1, logeb2......logeb101 → AP ; D = loge2
= =α +β
α −β ⇒ b1 b2 b3....b101 → GP ; r=2
7. Ans. (157.00) ∴ 2
b1,2b1, 2 b1,........., 2 100
b1...... GP
Sol. We equate the general terms of three respective
A.P.'s as 1 + 3a = 2 + 5b = 3 + 7c a1 a2 a3 .......a101 ..... AP
⇒ 3 divides 1 + 2b and 5 divides 1 + 2c Given, a1 = b1 & a51 = b51
⇒ 1 + 2c = 5, 15, 25 etc. ⇒
50
a1 + 50D = 2 b1
So, first such terms are possible when 50
1 + 2c = 15 i.e. c = 7 ∴ a1 + 50D = 2 a1 (As b1 = a1)
Hence, first term = a = 52 51
d = lcm (3, 5, 7) = 105 ⇒ a + d = 157
Now, t = b1(251 –=
1) ; s ( 2a1 + 50D )
2
8. Ans. (3748)
51
Sol. X : 1, 6, 11, ........, 10086 ⇒ t < a1.251 ....(i) ;=
s ( a1 + a1 + 50D )
2
Y : 9, 16, 23, ........,14128
51
X ∩ Y : 16, 51, 86, ........ =s
2
( a1 + 250 a1 )
Let m = n(X ∩ Y) 51a1 51 50

=s + .2 a1
∴ 16 + (m – 1) × 35 < 10086 2 2
⇒ m < 288.71 51
⇒ s > a1.2 ....(ii)
⇒ m = 288 clearly s > t (from equation (i) and (ii))
100
∴ n(X ∪ Y) = n(X) + n(Y) – n(X ∩ Y) Also a101 = a1 + 100D ; b101 = b1.2
= 2018 + 2018 – 288 = 3748
4

®
 250 a1 − a1 
∴ a101= a1 + 100   ; b101
 50 
= 2100a1 ....(iii)
51 51
a101 = a1 + 2 a1 – 2a1 ⇒ a101 = 2 a1 – a1
51
⇒ a101 < 2 a1 ....(iv)
clearly b101 > a101 (from equation (iii) and (iv))
11. Ans. (9)
7
[2a + 6d]
2 6 7(2a + 6d)
Sol. = ⇒ =6
11
[2a + 10d] 11 (2a + 10d)
2
⇒ 2a = 18d
a = 9d
also 130 < a + 6d < 140
26 28
<d< ⇒ d=9
3 3
12. Ans. (4)
Sol. Let a,b,c are a, ar, ar2 where r ∈ N
a+b+c
also = b+2
3
2
⇒ a + ar + ar = 3(ar) + 6
2
⇒ ar – 2ar + a = 6
6
⇒ (r – 1)2 =
a
6
 must be perfect square & a ∈ N
a
∴ a can be 6 only.
⇒ r –1 = ±1 ⇒ r = 2
a 2 + a − 14 36 + 6 − 14
& = = 4
a +1 7
5

®
BINOMIAL THEOREM
4
5  70 
1. Let a and b be two nonzero real numbers. If the coefficient of x in the expansion of  ax 2 +  is
 27bx 
7
–5  1 
equal to the coefficient of x is equal to the coefficient of  ax − 2  , then the value of 2b is
 bx 
 s!
s   if r ≤ s,
2. For non-negative integers s and r, let   =  r!(s − r)!
r  0 if r > s.

m +n
f(m, n, p)
For positive integers m and n, let g(m,n) = ∑  n + p
p =0
 p 
 
p
m   n + i  p + n
where for any nonnegative integer p, ƒ(m, n, p) = ∑     
i =0 i   p   p – i 
Then which of the following statements is/are TRUE? [JEE(Advanced) 2020]

(A) g(m, n) = g(n, m) for all positive integers m, n
(B) g(m, n +1) = g(m+1, n) for all positive integers m, n
(C) g(2m, 2n) = 2g(m, n) for all positive integers m, n
(D) g(2m, 2n) = (g(m, n))2 for all positive integers m, n
 n n

 ∑k ∑ n Ck k2  n n
 k 0=k 0  = 0 , holds for some positive integer n. Then C
3. =
Suppose det
 n n n  ∑ k + k1 equals
 ∑ C k k ∑ n C k 3k 
k =0
=  k 0=k 0 
Let X = ( 10 C1 ) + 2 ( 10 C 2 ) + 3 ( 10 C3 ) + ... + 10 ( 10 C10 ) , where Cr, r ∈ {1, 2, ..., 10} denote binomial
2 2 2 2 10
4.
1
coefficients. Then, the value of X is _____ . [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
1430
2
5. Let m be the smallest positive integer such that the coefficient of x in the expansion of
2 3 49 50 51
(1 + x) + (1 + x) +.......+ (1 + x) + (1 + mx) is (3n + 1) C3 for some positive integer n. Then the
value of n is [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
6. The coefficient of x9 in the expansion of (1 + x) (1 + x2) (1 + x3)..... (1 + x100) is [JEE(Advanced) 2015]
11 2 4 3 7 4 12
7. Coefficient of x in the expansion of (1 + x ) (1 + x ) (1 + x ) is - [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
(A) 1051 (B) 1106 (C) 1113 (D) 1120
1
m+n
SOLUTIONS g(m, n) = 2
1. Ans. (3) (A) g(m, n) = g(n,m)

4 − r  70 
r
(B) g(m, n + 1) = 2m+n+1
Sol. Tr +1 = C r ( a.x 2 ) . 
4

27bx   g(m + n, n) = 2m+1+n
70 r
= 4 C r .a 4 − r . r
.x8−3r (D) g ( 2m,2n ) = 22m + 2n
(27b)
m+n 2
here 8 – 3r = 5 = (2 )
8 – 5 = 3r ⇒ r = 1 = (g(m,n))2
70
∴ coeff. = 4.a 3 . 3. Ans. (6.20)
27b
r
Sol. Suppose
7 7− r  −1 
Tr +1 = C r (ax)  2 n ( n + 1)
 bx  n ( n − 1) .2 n −2 + n.2 n −1
r 2 =0
 −1 
= C r .a   .x 7−3r
7 7− r
n.2 n −1 4 n
 b 
7 – 3r = –5 ⇒ 12 = 3r ⇒ r = 4 n ( n + 1)
.4 n − n 2 ( n − 1) .22n −3 − n 2 22n −2 =
0
7  −1  35a
4 3 2
coeff. : C 4 .a 3 .   = 4
 b  b n ( n + 1) n 2 ( n − 1) n2
− − 0
=
35a 3 280a 3 2 8 4
now =
b4 27b n2 – 3n – 4 = 0
35 × 27 3
b3= = b= ⇒ 2b = 3 n=4
280 2
4 4 4
2. Ans. (A, B, D) Ck k +1 1
Sol. Solving ∑ k + 1 ∑ 5 . 5C k +1 k + 1
Now =
=k 0= k 0.
p
ƒ ( m, n, p ) = ∑ m C i n+i
C p . p+ n C p−i 1 5
i =0
= .  C1 + 5 C 2 + 5C3 + 5C 4 + 5C 5 
5
m
C i . n + i C p .p + n C p − i 1 5 31
= 2 − 1 = = 6.20
( n + i )! × ( n + p )! 5   5
m
Ci .
p!( n − p + i )! ( p − i )!( n + i )! 4. Ans. (646)
( n + p )! × 1 n
r. ( n Cr ) ; n 10
2
m
Ci ×
p! ( n − p + i )!( p − i )!
Sol. X
= ∑=r =0
m
Ci ×
( n + p )! × n! n
p!n! ( n − p + i )!( p − i )! X = n.∑ n Cr .n −1 Cr −1

r =0
m
Ci . n+p n
C p . C p−i { m n
Ci . C p−i = m +n
Cp } n
X = n.∑ n Cn − r .n −1 Cr −1
ƒ(m,n,p) = n+pCp.m+nCp r =1
ƒ ( m, n, p ) m + n
n+p
= Cp = 2n −1
X n.= Cn −1 ; n 10
Cp
m +n ƒ ( m, n, p ) X = 10.19 C9
Now, g ( m, n ) = ∑ n+p
p =0 Cp X 1 19
= . C9
m +n
1430 143
g ( m, n ) = ∑ m +n Cp
p =0 = 646
2

®
5. Ans. (5)
2
Sol. Coefficient of x in the expansion of
2 3 49 50
(1 + x) + (1 + x) + ....(1 + x) + (1 + mx) is
2
C2 + 3C2 + ...... 49C2 + 50C2m2 = (3n + 1) 51C3
3
C3 + 3C2 + ....... 49C2 + 50C2m2 = (3n + 1)51C3
50
C3 + 50C2m2 = (3n + 1) 51C3
50.49.48 50.49 2 51.50.49

+ m = (3n + 1)
6 2 6
m2 = 51n + 1
must be a perfect quuared
⇒ n = 5 and m = 16
6. Ans. (8)
Sol. There are 8 product
99 9 98 8 98 2 7 98 3 6 98 4 5
1 x ,1 xx ,1 x x ,1 x x ,1 x x
97 2 6 97 3 5 97 2 3 4
1 xx x ,1 xx x ,1 x x x
9
which generate x so coeff. is 8
7. Ans. (C)
11
Sol. Coefficient of x in
2 4 3 7 4 12
(1 + x ) (1 + x ) (1 + x )
4 7 12 4 7 12 4 7 12
= C0. C1. C2 + C1. C3. C0 + C2. C1. C1 +
4 7 12
C4. C1. C0
= 462 + 140 + 504 + 7 = 1113
3

®
VECTOR
1. Let P be the plane 3x + 2y + 3z =

16 and let
{ 7
S = αî + βˆj + γkˆ : α 2 + β2 + γ 2 = 1 and the distance of (α, β, γ) from the plane P is .
2 }
        
Let u, v and w be three distinct vectors in S such that u − v = v − w = w − u .
   80
Let V be the volume of the parallelepiped determined by vectors u, v and w . Then the value of V is
3
   17 16
2. Let the position vectors of the points P,Q,R and S be a =î + 2 ˆj − 5kˆ , b = 3iˆ + 6 ˆj + 3kˆ , c = î + ˆj + 7kˆ
5 5

and d = 2iˆ + ˆj + kˆ , respectively. Then which of the following statements is true? [JEE(Advanced) 2023]
(A) The points P,Q,R and S are NOT coplanar

 
b + 2d
(B) is the position vector of a point which divides PR internally in the ratio 5 : 4
3
 
b + 2d
(C) is the position vector of a point which divides PR externally in the ratio 5 : 4
3
 
(D) The square of the magnitude of the vector b × d is 95
3. Let î, ˆj and k̂ be the unit vectors along the three positive coordinate axes. Let

a = 3iˆ + ˆj − k,
ˆ

b =+î b ˆj + b k, ˆ b2, b3 ∈ ,
2 3

c = c1î + c 2 ˆj + c3 k,
ˆ c1, c2, c3 ∈ 
 
be three vectors such that b2b3 > 0, a ⋅ b = 0 and
 0 −c 3 c 2  1   3 − c1 
    
 c3 0 −c1  b2  =
 1 − c2  .
 −c c1 0    
 2  b3   −1 − c3 
Then, which of the following is/are TRUE ? [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
     
(A) a ⋅ c =0 (B) b ⋅ c =0 (C) b > 10 (D) c ≤ 11
    
4. Let u, v and w be vectors in three-dimensional space, where u and v are unit vectors which are not
     
u.w 1,=
perpendicular to each other and= v.w 1,=
w.w 4
  
If the volume of the parallelopiped, whose adjacent sides are represented by the vectors u, v and w ,
 
is 2 , then the value of 3u + 5v is____. [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
1
   1  
5. Let O be the origin and OA =2iˆ + 2 ˆj + k,
ˆ OB =î − 2 ˆj + 2kˆ and
= OC ( OB – λOA ) for some λ > 0. If
2
  9
OB × OC = , then which of the following statements is (are) TRUE? [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
2
  3
(A) Projection of OC on OA is −
2
9
(B) Area of the triangle OAB is
2
9
(C) Area of the triangle ABC is
2
  π
(D) The acute angle between the diagonals of the parallelogram with adjacent sides OA and OC is
3
   
        a.(c – b) |a|
6. In a triangle PQR, let
= a QR,
= b RP and= c PQ . If a = 3, b = 4 and    =   , then the
c.(a − b) |a|+|b|
 2
value of a × b is ______
 
7. Let a and b be positive real numbers. Suppose PQ= aiˆ + bjˆ and PS= aiˆ − bjˆ are adjacent sides of a
    
parallelogram PQRS. Let u and v be the projection vectors of w= î + ˆj along PQ and PS , respectively.
  
If u + v =w and if the area of the parallelogram PQRS is 8, then which of the following statements
is/are TRUE ? [JEE(Advanced) 2020]

(A) a + b = 4
(B) a – b = 2
(C) The length of the diagonal PR of the parallelogram PQRS is 4
  
(D) w is an angle bisector of the vectors PQ and PS
8. Three lines

L 1 : r = λî, λ ∈  ,
 
L 2 : r = k + µˆj, µ ∈  and

L 3 : r = î + ˆj + νk,
ˆ ν ∈
are given. For which point(s) Q on L2 can we find a point P on L1 and a point R on L3 so that P, Q and R
are collinear? [JEE(Advanced) 2020]
(A) k̂ + ˆj (B) k̂
1 1
(C) k̂ + ˆj (D) k̂ − ˆj
2 2
2

®  
  
9. Let a = 2iˆ + ˆj − kˆ and b =î + 2 ˆj + kˆ be two vectors. Consider a vector c = αa + β b , α,β ∈ . If the
      
( ) ( (
projection of c on the vector a + b is 3 2 , then the minimum value of c − a × b .c equals ))
        
10. Let a and b be two unit vectors such that a.b = 0 . For some x, y ∈  , let c = xa + yb + (a × b) . If | c | = 2
  
and the vector c is inclined at the same angle α to both a and b , then the value of 8cos2 α
is ______. [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
11. Let O be the origin and let PQR be an arbitrary triangle. The point S is such that
           
OP.OQ + OR.OS = OR.OP + OQ.OS = OQ.OR + OP.OS
Then the triangle PQR has S as its [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
(A) incentre (B) orthocenter
(C) circumcentre (D) centroid

     
Let O be the origin, and OX,OY,OZ be three unit vectors in the directions of the sides QR, RP, PQ ,
respectively, of a triangle PQR.
 
12. OX × OY = [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
(A) sin(Q + R) (B) sin(P + R) (C) sin 2R (D) sin(P + Q)

13. If the triangle PQR varies, then the minimum value of cos(P + Q) + cos(Q + R) + cos(R + P) is
3 3 5 5
(A) (B) − (C) (D) −
2 2 3 3
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ . Given that there exists a vector in
Let û = u1î + u 2 ˆj + u 3 kˆ be a unit vector in  and =
3
14. ŵ (i + j + 2k)
6
 
3 such that û × v = ˆ ˆ × v) =
1 and w.(u 1 . Which of the following statement(s) is(are) correct?

(A) There is exactly one choice for such v

(B) There are infinitely many choice for such v
(C) If û lies in the xy-plane then | u1 | = | u 2 |
(D) If û lies in the xz-plane then 2 | u1 | = | u 3 |
        
15. Let ∆PQR be a triangle. Let = a QR,
= b RP and c = PQ . = If | a | 12,
= | b | 4 3 and b.c = 24 , then which
of the following is (are) true ? [JEE(Advanced) 2015]
 
| c |2  | c |2 
(A) − | a |=12 (B) + | a |=
30
2 2
    
(C) | a × b + c × a |=48 3 (D) a.b = −72
3
16. Column-I Column-II
(A) In a triangle ∆XYZ, let a,b and c be the lengths (P) 1
of the sides opposite to the angles X,Y and Z,
sin ( X − Y )
respectively. If 2(a2 – b2) = c2 and λ = ,
sin Z
then possible values of n for which cos(nπλ) = 0 is (are) (Q) 2
(B) In a triangle ∆XYZ, let a,b and c be the lengths
of the sides opposite to the angles X,Y and Z,
respectively. If 1 + cos2X – 2cos2Y = 2sinX sinY,
a
then possible value(s) of is (are)
b
(C) In 2, Let 3i + ˆj, î + 3ˆj and βî + (1 − β)ˆj (R) 3
be the position vectors of X, Y and Z with
respect to the origin O, respectively. If the
distance of Z from the bisector of the acute
  3
angle of OX and OY is , then possible
2
value(s) of |β| is (are)
(D) Suppose that F(α) denotes the area of the region bounded (S) 5
2
by x = 0, x = 2, y = 4x and y = |αx – 1| + |αx – 2| + αx,
8
where α ∈ {0,1}. Then the value(s) of F ( α ) + 2,
3
when α = 0 and α = 1, is(are) (T)
6
   3 
17. Suppose that p,q and r are three non-coplanar vectors in  . Let the components of a vector s along
         
p,q and r be 4, 3 and 5, respectively. If the components of this vector r along ( − p + q + r ) , ( p − q + r )
  
and ( − p − q + r ) are x,y and z, respectively, then the value of 2x + y + z is
   π
18. Let x, y and z be three vectors each of magnitude 2 and the angle between each pair of them is . If
3
     
a is a nonzero vector perpendicular to x and y × z and b is nonzero vector perpendicular to y and
 
z × x , then [JEE(Advanced) 2015]
         
(A) b (b.z)(z − x)
= = (B) a (a .y)(y − z)
          
(C) a .b = −(a .y)(b.z) =(D) a (a .y)(z − y)
   π
19. Let a, b and c be three non-coplanar unit vectors such that the angle between every pair of them is . If
3
       p2 + 2q 2 + r 2
a × b + b × c = pa + qb + rc , where p,q and r are scalars, then the value of is
q2
4

®
20. List-I List-II
3
P. Let y(x) = cos (3 cos–1 x), x ∈ [–1, 1], x ≠ ± . 1. 1
2
1 ( 2 ) d 2 y(x) dy(x) 
Then  x −1 2
+x  equals
y(x)  dx dx 
Q. Let A1, A2, ......, An (n > 2) be the vertices of a 2. 2

regular polygon of n sides with its centre at the

origin. Let a k be the position vector of the point
Ak, k = 1, 2, ..... n.
   
=
If ∑ k
n −1
1= ∑ k 1 ( a k .a k+1 )
( a k × a k+1 ) = n −1
, then the
minimum value of n is
R. If the normal from the point P(h, 1) on the ellipse 3. 8
x2 y2
+ 1 is perpendicular to the line x + y = 8,
=
6 3
then the value of h is
S. Number of positive solutions satisfying the equation 4. 9
 1  −1  1   2 
tan −1   + tan  =tan −1  2  is
 2x + 1   4x + 1  x 
Codes :
P Q R S
(A) 4 3 2 1
(B) 2 4 3 1
(C) 4 3 1 2
(D) 2 4 1 3
5
SOLUTIONS 1 1 9 3 1 3 3
= (Ar.∆UVW) × OP = × × =
1. Ans. (45) 3 3 16 2 32
Sol. O ∴ parallelopiped with coterminous edges
1 1
1    3 3 9 3
u, v, w =
6× = = V
P
32 16
80
∴ V = 45
P 3
Q 2. Ans. (B)
     
Given u − v = v − w = w − u
Sol. ( )
P î + 2ˆj − 5kˆ =

P (a )

⇒ ∆UVW is an equilateral ∆ Q (b)
Q ( 3iˆ + 6ˆj + 3kˆ ) =
7
Now distances of U, V, W from P =  17 16  
2 R  î + ˆj + 7kˆ  = R (c)
 5 5 
7 
⇒ PQ =
2 ( ) ()
S 2iˆ + ˆj + kˆ =S d
Also, Distance of plane P from origin  
b + 2d 7iˆ + 8jˆ + 5kˆ
⇒ OQ = 4 =
3 3
1  
∴ OP = OQ – PQ ⇒ OP = 5c + 4a 21iˆ + 24ˆj + 15kˆ
2 =
9 9
3    
=
Hence, PU OU 2 − OP 2 ⇒ PU
= = R b + 2d 5c + 4a
2 ⇒ =
3 9
Also, for ∆UVW, P is circumcenter
so [B] is correct.
∴ for ∆UVW : US = Rcos30°
option (D)
⇒ UV = 2Rcos30°  2  2 
( )
2
3 b × d = b d − b.d
⇒ UV =
2 = (9 + 36 + 9) (4 + 1 + 1) – (6 + 6 + 3)
2
W = 54 × 6 – (15)2
= 324 – 225
= 99
3. Ans. (B, C, D)
P
R 
Sol. a = 3iˆ + ˆj − kˆ
30° 
U V b =+î b ˆj + b kˆ
S 2 3

2 c = c1î + c 2 ˆj + c3 kˆ
33 9 3
∴ Ar(∆UVW)=  =
4 2 16  0 −c 3 c 2  1   3 − c1 
    
∴ Volume of tetrahedron with coterminous  c3 0 −c1  b 2  =
1 − c2 
    −c c1 0    
edges u, v, w  2  b3   −1 − c3 
6

®
multiply & compare 4. Ans. (7)
b2c3 – b3c2 = c1 – 3 …(1)
    
Sol. Given, u =1; v = 1 ; u.v ≠ 0 ; u.w = 1 ;
c3 – b3c1 = 1 – c2 …(2)  
v.w = 1 ;
c2 – b2c1 = 1 + c3 …(3)   2 
w.w
= w = 4 ⇒ w =2 ;
(1)iˆ − (2)ˆj + (3)kˆ   
[ u v w] = 2
î (b2c3 – b3c2) – ĵ (c3 – b3c1) + k̂ (c2 – b2c1)    
u.u u.v u.w
= c1î + c 2 ˆj + c 2 kˆ −3iˆ − ˆj + kˆ    2    
and [ u v w ]
= v.u
= v.v v.w 2
         
b×c = c − a w.u w.v w.w
 
Take dot product with b 1 u.v 1
  
0 c.b − a.b
= ⇒ u.v 1 1 = 2

b.c = 0 1 1 4
 
b⊥c  1
  ⇒ u.v =
b ∧ c= 90° 2
   2 2 
Take dot product with c So, 3u + 5v
= 9 u + 25 v + 2.3.5u.v
2 
0 c − a.c
=
1
 2 = 9 + 25 + 30   = 49 = 7
a.c = c 2

a.c ≠ 0 5. Ans. (A, B, C)
     
b×c = c − a 1  (  
Sol. OB × OC = OB × OB – λ OA )
Squaring 2
2 2 2 2  λ (   )
b c = c + a − 2c.a = OA × OB
2
2 2 2 2
b c = c + 11 − 2 c   λ  
2 2 OB × OC= OA × OB
2 2
b c = 11 − c  
2 2 (Note OA & OB are perpendicular)
c ( b + 1) =
11
9λ 9
2 11 ⇒ = ⇒ λ = 1 (given λ > 0)
c = 2 2 2
  
b +1  OB – OA AB
 So OC
= =
c ≤ 11 2 2

given a.b = 0
b2 – b3 = –3 also
2 2
b2 + b3 – 2b2b3 = 9 b2b3 > 0
2 2
b2 + b3 = 9 + 2b2b3
2 2
b2 + b3 = 9 + 2b2b3 > 9
2 2
b2 + b3 > 9

b = 1 + b 22 + b32

b > 10 M is mid point of AB
7
   
Note projection of OC on OA = −
3 v= ( i + j) .PS
2
1 =

v
(=
i + j) . ( ai − bj) a−b
tanθ = 2 2
3 a +b a 2 + b2
9   
Area of ∆ABC = u+v =w
2
Acute angle between diagonals is (a + b) + (a − b)
= 2
 1 a 2 + b2
1+ 3  For a > b
tan –1  –1
 = tan 2
1
1−  =2a 2. a 2 + b 2
 3
6. Ans. (108.00) 4a2 = 2a2 + 2b2
    2 2
a =b ∴a=b ...(1)
Sol. We have a + b + c =0
   (a > 0, b > 0)
⇒ c =−a − b
   similarly for a < b we will get a = b
a.(−a − 2b) 3
Now,     = Now area of parallelogram
(−a − b).(a − b) 7
= ( ai + bj) × ( ai − bj)
= 2ab
∴ 2ab = 8
ab = 4 ...(2)
from (1) and (2)

9 + 2a.b 3 a = 2, b = 2 ∴ a + b = 4 option (A)
⇒ =
9 − 16 7 length of diagonal is

⇒ a.b = −6 ˆ 4i
2ai
= =ˆ 4
  
⇒ | a × b |2= a 2 b 2 − (a.b)2 = 9 × 16 – 36 = 108
so option (C)
7. Ans. (A, C)
8. Ans. (C, D)
S R
Sol. Let P(λ, 0, 0), Q(0, µ, 1), R(1, 1, ν) be points.
Sol. ai–bj L1, L2 and L3 respectively

Since P, Q, R are collinear, PQ is collinear with
P ai+bj Q 
QR

u
= (( i + j) .PQ )
 PQ
−λ
Hence = =
µ 1
 1 1 − µ ν −1
u= 
( i + j) .PQ
For every µ ∈ R – {0, 1} there exist unique
 ( ai + bj) a + b λ, ν ∈ R
( i + j) . 2 2 =
u =
a +b a 2 + b2 Hence Q cannot have coordinates (0, 1, 1) and
(0, 0, 1).
8

®
9. Ans. (18.00) P(p)

Sol. c= (2α + β)iˆ + ˆj(α + 2β) + k(
ˆ β − α)
  
c.(a + b)
  =3 2
|a + b|
⇒ α+β=2 ....(1) Q(q) R(r)
    
(c − (a × b)).(αa + βb)
⇒ Triangle PQR has S as its orthocentre
  
= | c |2 = α 2 | a |2 +β2 | b |2 + 2αβ (a.b) ∴ option (B) is correct.
2 2
= 6(α + β + αβ) 12. Ans. (D)
2 2 
= 6(α + (2 – α) + α(2 – α))  QR
Sol. OX =
= 6 ((α – 1)2 + 3) QR

⇒ Min. value = 18  RP
OY =
10. Ans. (3) RP
      
Sol. c = xa + yb + a × b OX × OY = sin R = sin ( P + Q )

c .a = x and x = 2cosα 13. Ans. (B)

c .b = y and y = 2cosα 3
Sol. –(cos P + cosQ + cosR) ≥ − as we know
  2
Also, | a × b | = 1
cosP + cosQ + cosR will take its maximum
    
∴ c 2 cos α(a + b ) + a × b
= π
value when P= Q= R=
2     3
c= 4 cos 2 α(a + b ) 2 + (a × b ) 2 +
    14. Ans. (B, C)
2cosα (a + b ) . (a × b )
Sol. ˆ || uˆ × vˆ | cos φ = 1 ⇒ φ = 0
|w
2
4 = 8cos α + 1 P
2
8cos α = 3
1
11. Ans. (B)
   θ
Sol. Let position vector of P(p), Q(q), R(r) & O
u
 
S(s) with respect to O(o)  
⇒ uˆ × v =ˆ also | v | sin θ =1
w
        
Now, OP.OQ + OR.OS = OR.OP + OQ.OS 
⇒ there may be infinite vectors v = OP
   
⇒ p.q + r.s = r.p + q.s
   
⇒ (p − s).(q − r) = 0 ....(1) such that P is always 1 unit dist. from û
       
Also, OR.OP + OQ.OS = OQ.OR + OP.OS î ˆj kˆ

    For option (C) : û × v =u1 u2 0
⇒ r.p + q.s = q.r + p.s
    v1 v2 v3
⇒ (r − s).(p − q) = 0 ....(2)
        ŵ= (u 2 v 3 )iˆ − (u1v 3 )ˆj + (u1v 2 − u 2 v1 )kˆ
Also, OP.OQ + OR.OS = OQ.OR + OP.OS
    1 1
⇒ p.q + r.s = q.r + p.s u 2v3 = , − u 1v 3 =
    6 6
⇒ (q − s).(p − r) = 0 ....(3)
⇒ |u1| = |u2|
9
î ˆj kˆ x+y+z=π

for option (D) : û × v =u1 0 u3
sin ( x − y ) 1 1
v1 v 2 v3 = ⇒ λ=
sin z 2 2
(−v 2 u 3 )iˆ − (u1v 3 − u 3v1 )ˆj + (u1v 2 )kˆ
ŵ =  nπ 
⇒ cos   = 0 ⇒ n = 1,3,5
1 2  2 
−v=
2 u3 , u=
1v 2
6 6 (B) 1 + 1 – 2sin2x – 2(1 – 2sin2y)
⇒ 2|u3| = |u1| So, (D) is wrong = 2sinx siny
15. Ans. (A, C, D) ⇒ –2a2 + 4b2 = 2ab
R 2 2
⇒ a + ab – 2b = 0
2
a a a
Sol.   + −2 =0 ⇒ = −2,1
b a b b b
a
⇒ = 1 as –2 rejected
P Q b
c  
(C) Angle bisector of OX & OY is along
  the line y = x and its distance from
| a | 12,
= = |b| 4 3
(β,1–β) is
   β − (1 − β ) 3
a+b+c=0 ....(1) = ⇒ 2β − 1 =±3
2 2 2  2 2
a = b + c + 2b.c
⇒ β = 2, –1
144 = 48 + c2 + 48
⇒ |β| = 1, 2
c2 = 48 ⇒ c= 4 3
(D) 7

Also c 2 = a 2 + b 2 + 2a.b 2 2
 6 − ∫ 2 xdx 5 − ∫ 2 x dx
48 = 144 + 48 + 2a.b
 0 0
⇒ a.b = −72
8 8
Also by (1) 6− 2 ...(1) 5 − 2 ...(2)
3 3
   
a×b =c×a 8
      By (1) & (2) F ( α ) + 2
⇒ | a × b + c × a=| 2 | a × b | 3
 can be 5 or 6.
= 2 a 2 b 2 − (a.b) 2
17. Ans. (Bonus)
2 2
= 2 12 .48 − (72) Sol. Although the language of the question is not
appropriate (incomplete information) and it
= 2.12 48 −=
36 48 3
must be declare as bonus but as per the theme of
∴ A, C, D are correct & B incorrect.
problem it must be as follows
16. Ans. (A) → (P,R,S); (B) → (P); (C) → (P,Q);    
s = 4p + 3q + 5r
(D) → (S,T)          
s = x ( −p + q + r ) + y ( p − q + r ) + z ( −p − q + r )
Sol. (A) 2 ( sin 2 x − sin 2 y ) =
sin 2 z
   
s = p ( −x + y − z ) + q ( x − y − z ) + r ( x + y + z )
2sin ( x − y ) sin ( x + y ) =
sin 2 z
10

®
–x + y – z = 4    1
∴ a b c  = ...(1)
x–y–z=3 2
x+y+z=5       
as given a × b + b × c = pa + qb + rc
9 7 
⇒ x = 4, y = ,z = − take dot product with a
2 2         
7 9 ( ) ( )
⇒ a. a × b + a. b × c = pa 2 + qb.a + rc.a
⇒ 2x + y + z = 8 − + =9
2 2 1 q r
⇒ 0+ =p + + ...(2)
2 2 2
18. Ans. (A, B, C)  
Now, take dot product with b & c
  
Sol. Given that | x=| | y=| | z=| 2 p r
0= +q+ ...(3)
π 2 2
and angle between each pair is
3 1 p q
& = + +r ...(4)
   1 2 2 2
∴ x.y
= y.z
= z.x
= 2. 2.= 1
2 equation (2) – equation (4)
   
Now a is ⊥ to x & (y × z) p r
    ⇒ − = 0 ⇒ p = r ⇒ p + q = 0 by equation (3)
Let a = λ(x × (y × z)) 2 2
     
= λ((x.z)y − (x.y)z) = λ(y − z) p 2 + 2q 2 + r 2 p 2 + 2p 2 + p 2
∴ = = 4
   q2 p2
a.y = λ(y.y − y.z) = λ(2 − 1) = λ
    20. Ans. (A)
⇒ a (a.y)(y − z)
=
      Sol. (P) y = cos(3 cos–1x) = (4x3 – 3x)
Now let b = µ ( y × (z × x) ) =µ(z − x)
 dy 2 d2 y
=12x − 3, 2 =24x
b.z = µ(2 − 1) = µ dx dx
   
⇒= b (b.z)(z − x) 1 2 d 2 y xdy 
      
then 
y
x(− 1 )+
dx 2 dx 

Now a.b = (a.y)(y − z).(b.z)(z − x)
      1
= (a.y)(b.z)(y.z − y.x − z.z + z.x)
( ) (
 x 2 − 1 .24x + x 12x 2 − 3 
4x − 3x 
3  )
 
= (a.y)(b.z)(1 − 1 − 2 + 1)
=9
 
= −(a.y)(b.z) 
(Q) let a1 = î ,
19. Ans. (4)
 2π ˆ 2π
  
a.a a.b a.c =
then a 2 cos i + sin ˆj
   2   
n n
Sol. We know a b c  = b.a b.b b.c
 4π 4π
  
c.a c.b c.c =a 3 cos î + sin ˆj ...
n 4
1 1 now
1      
2 2 a1 × a 2 + a 2 × a 3 + ..... + a n −1 × a n
1 1 5 3 1      
= 1 = − =
2 2 4 4 2 = a1.a 2 + a 2 .a 3 + ...... + a n −1.a n
1 1
1 2π ˆ 2π
2 2 ( n − 1) sin
= ( n − 1) cos
k =
n n
11
2π
⇒ tan =1
n
2π π
⇒ for minimum n = ⇒n= 8
n 4
x 2 y2 dy x 2y
(R) + 1⇒
= =
− ⇒ 1
=
6 3 dx 2y x
4y 2 y 2
⇒ + 1 ⇒ y = ±1 & x = ±2
=
6 3
as normal passes through (–2,–1) and
(h,1) slope of normal
2
= =1 ⇒ h =0
h+2
OR
if normal passes through (2,1) then
h=2
 1 
(S) tan −1  −1  1   2 
 + tan  =tan −1  2 
 2x + 1   4x + 1  x 
1 1
+
⇒ tan
−1 2x + 1 4x + 1 = tan −1 2
1 1 x2
1− .
2x + 1 4x + 1
2
⇒ x = 0, − ,3
3
but only +ve integral x = 3
12

®
3D GEOMETRY
1. Let Q be the cube with the set of vertices {(x1 , x 2 , x 3 ) ∈  3 : x1 , x 2 , x 3{0,1}} . Let F be the set of all twelve
lines containing the diagonals of the six faces of the cube Q. Let S be the set of all four lines containing
the main diagonals of the cube Q; for instance, the line passing through the vertices
(0, 0, 0) and (1, 1, 1) is in S. For lines 1 and  2, let d(1, 2) denote the shortest distance between them.
Then the maximum value of d(1, 2), as 1 varies over F and 2 varies over S, is
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 8 3 12
 
2. Let 1 and 2 be the lines r1 = λ ( î + ˆj + kˆ ) and
= r2 ( ˆj − kˆ ) + µ ( î + kˆ ) , respectively. Let X be the set of all
the planes H that contain the line 1. For a plane H, let d(H) denote the smallest possible distance between
the points of 2 and H. Let H0 be plane in X for which d(H0) is the maximum value of d(H) as H varies
over all planes in X. [JEE(Advanced) 2023]
List-I List-II
(P) The value of d(H0) is (1) 3
1
(Q) The distance of the point (0, 1, 2) from H0 is (2)
3
(R) The distance of origin from H0 is (3) 0
(S) The distance of origin from the point of intersection (4) 2
of planes y = z, x = 1 and H0 is
1
(5)
2
(A) (P) → (2) (Q) → (4) (R) → (5) (S) → (1)
(B) (P) → (5) (Q) → (4) (R) → (3) (S) → (1)
(C) (P) → (2) (Q) → (1) (R) → (3) (S) → (2)
(D) (P) → (5) (Q) → (1) (R) → (4) (S) → (2)
3. Let 𝑃𝑃1 and 𝑃𝑃2 be two planes given by
𝑃𝑃1: 10x + 15y + 12z − 60 = 0,
𝑃𝑃2 : −2x + 5y + 4z − 20 = 0.
Which of the following straight lines can be an edge of some tetrahedron whose two faces lie on
𝑃𝑃1 and 𝑃𝑃2 ? [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
x –1 y –1 z –1 x–6 y z
(A) = = (B) = =
0 0 5 –5 2 3
x y–4 z x y–4 z
(C) = = (D) = =
–2 5 4 1 –2 3
1
4. Let S be the reflection of a point Q with respect to the plane given by

r = –(t + p)iˆ + tjˆ + (1+ p)kˆ
where t, p are real parameters and î, ˆj, kˆ are the unit vectors along the three positive coordinate axes. If
the position vectors of Q and S are 10iˆ + 15ˆj + 20kˆ and αî + βˆj + γkˆ respectively, then which of the
following is/are TRUE ? [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
(A) 3(α + β) = –101 (B) 3(β + γ) = –71
(C) 3(γ + α) = –86 (D) 3(α + β + γ) = –121
Question Stem for Question Nos. 5 and 6
Question Stem
Let α, β and γ be real numbers such that the system of linear equations
x + 2y + 3z = α
4x + 5y + 6z = β
7x + 8y + 9z = γ – 1
is consistent. Let |M| represent the determinant of the matrix
 α 2 γ
M=  β 1 0 
 −1 0 1 
Let P be the plane containing all those (α, β, γ) for which the above system of linear equations is
consistent, and D be the square of the distance of the point (0, 1, 0) from the plane P.
5. The value of |M| is _________. [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
6. The value of D is _________. [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
7. Let L1 and L2 be the following straight lines.
x −1 y z −1 x −1 y z −1
L1 : = = and L2 : = =
1 −1 3 –3 −1 1
Suppose the straight line
x − α y −1 z − γ
L: = =
l m –2
lies in the plane containing L1 and L2, and passes through the point of intersection of L1 and L2. If the line
L bisects the acute angle between the lines L1 and L2, then which of the following statements is/are
TRUE? [JEE(Advanced) 2020]
(A) α – γ = 3 (B)  + m = 2 (C) α – γ = 1 (D)  + m = 0
2 2 2
8. Let α, β, γ, δ be real numbers such that α + β + γ ≠ 0 and α + γ = 1. Suppose the point
(3,2,–1) is the mirror image of the point (1,0,–1) with respect to the plane αx + βy + γz = δ. Then which of
the following statements is/are TRUE ? [JEE(Advanced) 2020]
(A) α + β = 2 (B) δ – γ = 3 (C) δ + β = 4 (D) α + β + γ = δ
2

®
9. Let L1 and L2 denotes the lines
 ˆ
r = i + λ(−î + 2 ˆj + 2k),
ˆ λ ∈  and

r µ(2iˆ − ˆj + 2k),µ
= ˆ ∈
respectively. If L3 is a line which is perpendicular to both L1 and L2 and cuts both of them, then which of
the following options describe(s) L3 ? [JEE(Advanced) 2019]
 1  2 ˆ ˆ
(A) r= (2iˆ + k)
ˆ + t(2iˆ + 2 ˆj − k),
ˆ t∈ (B)=
r ˆ + t(2iˆ + 2 ˆj − k),
(2i − j + 2k) ˆ t∈
3 9
  2 ˆ ˆ ˆ
(C) r = t(2iˆ + 2 ˆj − k),
ˆ t∈ (D) r= (4i + j + k) + t(2iˆ + 2 ˆj − k),
ˆ t∈
9
10. Three lines are given by

r = λî, λ ∈ 

r = µ(iˆ + ˆj), µ ∈  and

r = ν(iˆ + ˆj + k),
ˆ ν∈ .
Let the lines cut the plane x + y + z = 1 at the points A, B and C respectively. If the area of the triangle
ABC is ∆ then the value of (6∆)2 equals _____. [JEE(Advanced) 2019]
11. Let P1 : 2x + y – z = 3 and P2 : x + 2y + z = 2 be two planes. Then, which of the following statement(s) is
(are) TRUE ? [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
(A) The line of intersection of P1 and P2 has direction ratios 1, 2, –1
3x − 4 1 − 3y z
(B) The line = = is perpendicular to the line of intersection of P1 and P2
9 9 3
(C) The acute angle between P1 and P2 is 60°
(D) If P3 is the plane passing through the point (4, 2, –2) and perpendicular to the line of intersection of
2
P1 and P2, then the distance of the point (2, 1, 1) from the plane P2 is
3
12. Let P be a point in the first octant, whose image Q in the plane x + y = 3 (that is, the line segment PQ is
perpendicular to the plane x + y = 3 and the mid-point of PQ lies in the plane x + y = 3) lies on the z-axis.
Let the distance of P from the x-axis be 5. If R is the image of P in the xy-plane, then the length of
PR is _____. [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
13. Consider the cube in the first octant with sides OP, OQ and OR of length 1, along the x-axis, y-axis and
1 1 1
z-axis, respectively, where O(0, 0, 0) is the origin. Let S  , ,  be the centre of the cube and T be the
2 2 2
vertex of the cube opposite to the origin O such that S lies on the diagonal OT.
           
If p = SP , q = SQ , r = SR and t = ST , then the value of ( p × q ) × ( r × t ) is_____.
14. The equation of the plane passing through the point (1,1,1) and perpendicular to the planes
2x + y – 2z = 5 and 3x – 6y – 2z = 7, is- [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
(A) 14x + 2y + 15z = 31 (B) 14x + 2y – 15z = 1
(C) –14x + 2y + 15z = 3 (D) 14x – 2y + 15z = 27
3
15. Consider a pyramid OPQRS located in the first octant (x > 0, y > 0, z > 0) with O as origin, and OP and
OR along the x-axis and the y-axis, respectively. The base OPQR of the pyramid is a square with OP = 3.
The point S is directly above the mid-point T of diagonal OQ such that TS = 3. Then-
π
(A) the acute angle between OQ and OS is
3
(B) the equaiton of the plane containing the triangle OQS is x – y = 0
3
(C) the length of the perpendicular from P to the plane containing the triangle OQS is
2
15
(D) the perpendicular distance from O to the straight line containing RS is
2
16. Let P be the image of the point (3, 1, 7) with respect to the plane x – y + z = 3. Then the equation of the
x y z
plane passing through P and containing the straight line = = is [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
1 2 1
(A) x + y – 3z = 0 (B) 3x + z = 0
(C) x – 4y + 7z = 0 (D) 2x – y = 0
17. In 3, consider the planes P1 : y = 0 and P2 : x + z = 1. Let P3 be a plane, different from P1 and P2, which
passes through the intersection of P1 and P2. If the distance of the point (0,1,0) from P3 is 1 and the
distance of a point (α,β,γ) from P3 is 2, then which of the following relations is (are) true ?
(A) 2α + β + 2γ + 2 = 0 (B) 2α – β + 2γ + 4 = 0
(C) 2α + β – 2γ – 10 = 0 (D) 2α – β + 2γ – 8 = 0
3
18. In  , let L be a straight line passing through the origin. Suppose that all the points on L are at a constant
distance from the two planes P1 : x + 2y – z + 1 = 0 and P2 : 2x – y + z –1 = 0. Let M be the locus of the
feet of the perpendiculars drawn from the points on L to the plane P1. Which of the following points lie(s)
on M ? [JEE(Advanced) 2015]
 5 2  1 1 1  5 1  1 2
(A)  0, − , −  (B)  − , − ,  (C)  − ,0,  (D)  − ,0, 
 6 3  6 3 6  6 6  3 3
19. From a point P(λ,λ,λ), perpendiculars PQ and PR are drawn respectively on the lines y = x, z = 1 and
y = –x, z = –1. If P is such that ∠QPR is a right angle, then the possible value(s) of λ is(are)
(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) –1 (D) – 2
4

®
SOLUTIONS ∴ Plane H0 : x − z =0
1. Ans. (A)
Now d(H0) = ⊥ distance from point (0, 1, –1) on
B(0,1,0)
E(1,1,0) L2 to plane.
G(1,1,1) 0 +1 1
F(0,1,1) ⇒ d ( H0 ) = =
2 2
Sol.
∴P→5
A(1,0,0) 2
O(0,0,0) for 'Q' distance = = 2
2
C(0,0,1) D(1,0,1) ∴Q→4
DR'S of OG = 1, 1, 1 ∴ (0, 0, 0) lies on plane
DR'S of AF = –1, 1, 1 ∴R→3
DR'S of CE = 1, 1, –1 for 'S' x = z ; y = z ; x = 1
DR'S of BD = 1, –1, 1
∴ point of intersection p(1, 1, 1).
x y z
Equation of OG ⇒ = = ∴ OP = 1 + 1 + 1= 3
1 1 1
∴S→2
x −1 y z
Equation of AB ⇒ = = ∴ option (B) is correct
1 −1 0
3. Ans. (A, B, D)
Normal to both the line’s
x y−4 z
î ˆj kˆ Sol. line of intersection =
is =
0 −4 5
=1 1 1 = î + ˆj − 2kˆ
(1) Any skew line with the line of intersection
1 −1 0 of given planes can be edge of tetrahedron.
 (2) any intersecting line with line of intersection
OA = î
of given planes must lie either in plane P1 or P2
î.(iˆ + ˆj − 2k)
ˆ
1 can be edge of tetrahedron.
S.D. = =
î + ˆj − 2kˆ 6 4. Ans. (A, B, C)
2. Ans. (B) Sol.

 ˆ
( ) (
r = k + t −î + ˆj + p −î + kˆ )

Sol. L1 : r1 =λ ( î + ˆj + kˆ ) 
n = î + ˆj + kˆ

L 2 : r2 = ˆj − kˆ + µ ( î + kˆ ) ⇒x+y+z=1
Let system of planes are Q(10,15,20) and S(α,β,γ)
ax + by + cz = 0 ….(1) α − 10 β − 15 γ − 20  10 + 15 + 20 − 1 
= = = −2  
 It contain L1 1 1 1  1+1+1 
88
∴a+b+c=0 ….(2) = −
3
For largest possible distance between plane (1)
 58 43 28 
and L2 the line L2 must be parallel to plane (1) ⇒ ( α,β, γ ) ≡  − , − , − 
∴a+c=0 …. (3)
 3 3 3 
⇒ A, B, C are correct options
⇒ b=
0
5
5. Ans. (1.00) 8. Ans. (A, B, C)
P (1, 0, –1)
6. Ans. (1.50)
Solutions for 5 & 6
Sol. 7x + 8y + 9z – (γ – 1) = A(4x + 5y + 6z – β) + Sol. R
B(x+ 2y + 3z – α)
x : 7 = 4A + B
y : 8 = 5A + 2B P (3, 2, –1)
A = 2, B = –1 R is mid point of PQ
∴ R(2,1,–1) and it lies on plane
const. term : –(γ – 1) = – Aβ – αB
equation of plane is αa + βy + γz = δ
⇒ –(γ – 1) ≡ 2β + α ∴ 2α + β – γ = δ ...(1)
α − 2β + γ =1 Normal vector to plane is

n= 2i + 2 j
 α 2 γ
  α β γ
M =  β 1 0  ⇒ | M | = α − 2β + γ = 1 ∴ = = =k
 −1 0 1  2 2 0
  α 2k,=
∴= β 2k,=
γ 0 ...(2)
Plane P : x – 2y + z = 1 and α + γ = 1 (given) ...(3)
Perpendicular distance from (2) and (3)
∴ α = 1, β = 1, γ = 0
3 9
= = P ⇒ D = P 2 = =1.5 and from (1)
6 6
2(1) + 1 – 0 = δ
δ=3
7. Ans. (A, B)
Now :
Sol. Point of intersection of L1 & L2 is (1, 0, 1) α+β=2
Line L passes through (1, 0, 1) δ–γ=3
1– α 1 1− γ δ+β=4
=
− = ...(1) so, A,B,C are correct.
 m −2
9. Ans. (A, B, D)
acute angle bisector of L1 & L2
Sol. Points on L1 and L2 are respectively
 ˆ ˆ  î − ˆj + 3kˆ − 3iˆ − ˆj + kˆ  A(1 – λ, 2λ, 2λ) and B(2µ, –µ, 2µ)
r = i + k + λ   
 11  So, AB= (2µ + λ − 1)iˆ + (−µ − 2λ )ˆj + (2µ − 2λ)kˆ
and vector along their shortest distance
 ˆ ˆ
(
r = i + k + t î + ˆj − 2kˆ ) = 2iˆ + 2ˆj − kˆ .
 m −2 2µ + λ − 1 −µ − 2λ 2µ − 2λ
⇒ = = ⇒  =m =1 Hence, = =
1 1 −2 2 2 −1
From (1) 1 2
⇒= λ =& µ
1− α 9 9
= −1 ⇒ α=2
1 8 2 2 4 2 4
Hence, A ≡  , ,  and B ≡  , − , 
1− γ 9 9 9 9 9 9
& = −1 ⇒ γ = −1
−2 2 1
⇒ Mid point of AB ≡  , 0, 
3 3
6

®
10. Ans. (0.75) 12. Ans. (8)
1 1  1 1 1 Sol. Let P(α, β, γ)

Sol. A(1, 0, 0), B  , , 0  & C  , , 
2 2  3 3 3 Q(0, 0, γ) &
Hence, R(α, β, –γ)


AB =
1 1 
− î + ˆj & AC =
2 1 1
− î + ˆj + kˆ (
Now, PQ || î + ˆj ⇒ αî + βˆj || î + ˆj )( )
2 2 3 3 3
⇒ α=β
1   1 1 2 1 Also, mid point of PQ lies on the plane
So,=
∆ AB × AC
= × −
2 2 2 3 4 α β
⇒ + =3 ⇒α+β=6⇒α=3
1 2 2
=
2× 2 3 Now, distance of point P from X-axis is
⇒ (6∆) 2 =
3
= 0.75 β 2 + γ 2 =5
4 2 2 2
⇒ β + γ = 25 ⇒ γ = 16
11. Ans. (C, D)
as β = α = 3
Sol. D.C. of line of intersection (a, b, c)
as γ = 4
⇒ 2a + b – c = 0
Hence, PR = 2γ = 8
a + 2b + c = 0
13. Ans. (0.5)
a b c z
= =
1 + 2 −1 − 2 4 − 1 R
∴ D.C. is (1, –1, 1) Sol. T
S
3x − 4 1 − 3y z
(B) = = O Q
y
9 9 3
P
x − 4 / 3 y − 1/ 3 z x
⇒ = =
3 −3 3    1 1 1  1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
p= SP=  , − , − = (i − j − k)
⇒ lines are parallel. 2 2 2 2
   1 1 1  1
(C) Acute angle between P1 and P2 q = SQ =  − , , −  = ( −î + ˆj − kˆ )
 2 2 2 2
 2 × 1 + 1× 2 − 1× 1 
= cos −1      1 1 1  1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
 6 6  r = SR =  − , − ,  = ( −i − j + k )
 2 2 2 2
3 −1  1 
   1 1 1  1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
= cos −1  =
 cos  =  60°
6 2 t= ST=  , , = (i + j + k)
2 2 2 2
(D) Plane is given by
î ˆj kˆ î ˆj kˆ
(x – 4) – (y – 2) + (z + 2) = 0     1 1
(p × q) × ( r × =
t) 1 −1 −1 × −1 −1 1
⇒ x–y+z=0 4 4
−1 1 −1 1 1 1
Distance of (2, 1, 1) from plane
2 −1+1 2 = ( 2i + 2 j) × ( −2iˆ + 2ˆj) = k̂ = 1
1 ˆ ˆ
= = 16 2 2
3 3
7
14. Ans. (A) O(0,0,0)
Sol. The normal vector of required plane is parallel

to vector
î ˆj kˆ
= 2 1 −2 =−14iˆ − 2ˆj − 15kˆ
3 −6 −2 M 3 3
R(0,3,0) S 2 , 2 ,3
∴ The equation of required plane passing

through (1, 1, 1) will be  
 OM.RS = 0
–14(x – 1) – 2(y – 1) – 15(z – 1) = 0
⇒ 14x + 2y + 15z =
31 9 3 3t 
⇒ t −  3 −  + 9t =
0
4 2 2
∴ Option (A) is correct
9t 9 1
15. Ans. (B, C, D) ⇒ + 9t = ⇒ t=
3 3
2 2 3
Sol. S 2 , 2 ,3
1 5 
R(0,3,0)
∴ M =  , ,1 
O y 2 2 
θ
1 25 30 15
T ⇒ OM= + + 1= =
4 4 4 2
Q(3,3,0)
P(3,0,0) 16. Ans. (C)
x
x − 3 y −1 z − 7
Sol. Line AP : = = = λ
1 −1 1
Given OP = OR = 3 and OPQR is a square
⇒ F(3 + λ, 1 – λ, λ + 7) lies in the plane
3
⇒ OQ = 3 2 ⇒ OT = and ST = 3 ∴ 3 + λ – (1 – λ) + λ + 7 = 3
2
3λ = –6 ⇒ λ = –2
ST
using ∆SOT, tan=
θ = 2 ⇒ F(1,3,5)
OT
⇒ P(–1,5,3)
⇒ θ =tan −1 2
A(3,1,7)
clearly, equation of plane containing triangle
OQS is Y – X = 0
F
x–y+z=3
Also, length of perpendicular from P to the
3
plane containing the triangle OQS is PT =
2 P
Also equation of RS is P
3 3 
r =3ˆj + t  î − ˆj + 3kˆ 
2 2 
 3t 3t 
=  , 3 − ,3t 
2 2  x−0 y−0 z−0
so required plane is 1 2 1 =0
 3t 3t 
of M 
Let co-ordinates = , 3 − ,3t  −1 5 3
2 2 
∴x – 4y + 7z = 0
8

®
17. Ans. (B, D) putting in (1) required locus is
Sol. Let P3 : (x + z –1) + λy = 0 1
x = − +λ
x + λy + z – 1 = 0 ...(i) 6
distance of (0,1,0) from P3 is 1

1
y =− − 3λ
3
λ −1
⇒ =1 1
2 + λ2 z= − 5λ
6
2 2
⇒ (λ – 1) = 2 + λ Now check the options.
1 19. Ans. (C)
⇒ λ=−
2 Sol. Line L1 given by y = x ; z = 1 can be expressed
∴ P3 is 2x – y + 2z – 2 = 0 as
2α − β + 2 γ − 2 x y z −1
distance from (α,β,γ) is =2 L1: = =
9 1 1 0
∴ 2α – β + 2γ – 2 = 6 or 2α – β + 2γ – 2 = –6 Similarly L2(y = –x; z = –1) can be expressed as
2α – β + 2γ – 8 = 0 or 2α – β + 2γ + 4 = 0 x y z +1
L2 : = =
1 −1 0
18. Ans. (A, B)
Let any point Q (α,α,1) on L1 and R(β,–β,–1)
Sol. Straight line 'L' is parallel to line of intersection
of plane P1 & plane P2. on L2
(λ,–3λ,–5λ) Given that PQ is perpendicular to L1

^
i + 2j^ – ^k ⇒ (λ – α).1 + (λ – α).1 + (λ – 1).0 = 0 ⇒ λ = α
Q(λ,λ,1)
(α,β,γ)
P1 : x + 2y –z + 1 = 0
∴ Equation of line 'L' is

P(λ,λ,1) R(0,0,–1)
x y z
= = = λ ∴ Q(λ, λ, 1)
1 −3 −5
Similarly PR is perpendicular to L2
α − λ β + 3λ γ + 5λ
= = = k
1 2 −1 (λ – β).1 + (λ + β)(–1) + (λ + 1).0 = 0 ⇒ β = 0
α= k + λ  ∴ R(0,0,–1)

β= 2k − 3λ  ...(1) Now as given
y =−k − 5λ   
⇒ PR.PQ = 0
satisfying in plane P1 0.λ + 0.λ + (λ – 1) (λ + 1) = 0
k + λ + 4k – 6λ + k + 5λ + 1 = 0 λ ≠ 1 as P & Q are different points ⇒ λ = –1
6k = –1
9

®
COMPLEX NUMBER
1967 + 1686isin θ 
1.
= Let A  : θ∈   . If A contains exactly one positive integer n, then the value of n is
 7 − 3i cos θ 
2. Let z be complex number satisfying | z |3 +2z 2 + 4z − 8 =0 , where z denotes the complex conjugate of z.
Let the imaginary part of z be nonzero. [JEE(Advanced) 2023]
List-I List-II
(P) | z |2 is equal to (1) 12
(Q) | z – z |2 is equal to (2) 4
(R) | z |2 + | z + z |2 is equal to (3) 8
(S) | z + 1 |2 is equal to (4) 10
(5) 7
(A) (P) → (1) (Q) → (3) (R) → (5) (S) → (4)
(B) (P) → (2) (Q) → (1) (R) → (3) (S) → (5)
(C) (P) → (2) (Q) → (4) (R) → (5) (S) → (1)
(D) (P) → (2) (Q) → (3) (R) → (5) (S) → (4)
3. Let A1, A2, A3, ........, A8 be the vertices of a regular octagon that lie on a circle of radius 2. Let P be a
point on the circle and let PAi denote the distance between the points P and Ai for i = 1,2,....,8. If P varies
over the circle, then the maximum value of the product PA1 ⋅ PA2. ..... PA8, is
4. Let 𝑧𝑧 be a complex number with non-zero imaginary part. If
2 + 3z + 4z 2
2 − 3z + 4z 2
is a real number, then the value of |𝑧𝑧|2 is _______. [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
5. Let 𝑧𝑧̅ denote the complex conjugate of a complex number 𝑧𝑧 and let 𝑖𝑖 = −1 . In the set of complex
numbers, the number of distinct roots of the equation
2 2
𝑧𝑧̅ − 𝑧𝑧 = i(𝑧𝑧̅ + 𝑧𝑧 )
is _______. [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
6. Let z denote the complex conjugate of a complex number z. If z is a non-zero complex number for which
both real and imaginary parts of
1
(z)
2
+
z2
are integers, then which of the following is/are possible value(s) of |z| ? [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
1 1
 43 + 3 205 4  7 + 33 4
(A)   (B)  
 2   4 
1 1
 9 + 65  4  7 + 13  4
(C)   (D)  
 4   6 
1
7. Let θ1, θ2, ..., θ10 be positive valued angles (in radian) such that θ1 + θ2 + ... + θ10 = 2π. Define the
complex numbers z1 = e iθ1 , z k = z k −1e iθk for k = 2, 3, ..., 10, where i= −1 . Consider the statements
P and Q given below : [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
P : |z2 – z1| + |z3 – z2| + ... + |z10 – z9| + |z1 – z10| ≤ 2π
Q : z 22 − z12 + z32 − z 22 + .... + z10

2
− z 92 + z12 − z10
2
≤ 4π
Then,
(A) P is TRUE and Q is FALSE (B) Q is TRUE and P is FALSE
(C) both P and Q are TRUE (D) both P and Q are FALSE
8. For any complex number w = c + id, let arg ( w ) ∈ ( −π, π] , where i= −1 . Let α and β be real numbers
z+α π
such that for all complex numbers z = x + iy satisfying arg   = , the ordered pair (x,y) lies on the
 z +β  4
circle
x2 + y2 + 5x – 3y + 4 = 0.
Then which of the following statements is (are) TRUE ? [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
(A) α = – 1 (B) αβ = 4 (C) αβ = – 4 (D) β = 4
2
9. Let S be the set of all complex numbers z satisfying |z + z + 1| = 1. Then which of the following
statements is/are TRUE ? [JEE(Advanced) 2020]
1 1
(A) z + ≤ for all z ∈ S (B) |z| ≤ 2 for all z ∈ S
2 2
1 1
(C) z + ≥ for all z ∈ S (D) The set S has exactly four elements
2 2
10. For a complex number z, let Re(z) denote the real part of z. Let S be the set of all complex numbers z
satisfying z4 – |z|4 = 4iz2, where i = −1 . Then the minimum possible value of |z1 – z2|2, where z1, z2 ∈ S
with Re(z1) > 0 and Re(z2) < 0, is _____. [JEE(Advanced) 2020]
11. Let S be the set of all complex numbers z satisfying z − 2 + i ≥ 5 . If the complex number z0 is such that
1  1  4 − z 0 − z0
is the maximum of the set  : z ∈ S , then the principal argument of is
z0 − 1  z − 1  z 0 − z0 + 2i
π π 3π π
(A) (B) − (C) (D)
4 2 4 2
12. Let ω ≠ 1 be a cube root of unity. Then the minimum of the set
22
{|a + bω + cω | : a, b, c distinct non-zero integers}
equals _____. [JEE(Advanced) 2019]
2

®
13. For a non-zero complex number z, let arg(z) denotes the principal argument with −π < arg(z) ≤ π .
Then, which of the following statement(s) is (are) FALSE? [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
π
(A) arg(–1 – i) = , where i = –1
4
(B) The function ƒ :  → (–π, π], defined by ƒ(t) = arg(–1 + it) for all t ∈ , is continuous at all points of
, where i = –1
z 
(C) For any two non-zero complex numbers z1 and z2, arg  1  − arg ( z1 ) + arg ( z 2 ) is an integer multiple
 z2 
of 2π
(D) For any three given distinct complex numbers z1, z2 and z3, the locus of the point z satisfying
 ( z − z1 ) ( z 2 − z3 ) 
the condition arg  = π , lies on a straight line
 ( z − z ) ( z − z ) 
 3 2 1 
14. Let s, t, r be the non-zero complex numbers and L be the set of solutions z = x + iy ( x, y ∈ , i =−1 ) of
the equation sz + tz + r =0 , where z= x − iy . Then, which of the following statement(s) is (are) TRUE ?
(A) If L has exactly one element, then |s| ≠ |t|
(B) If |s| = |t|, then L has infinitely many elements
(C) The number of elements in L ∩ {z :| z − 1 + i |=5} is at most 2
(D) If L has more than one element, then L has infinitely many elements
15. Let a, b, x and y be real numbers such that a – b = 1 and y ≠ 0. If the complex number z = x + iy satisfies
 az + b 
Im   = y , then which of the following is(are) possible value(s) of x ? [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
 z +1 
(A) −1 − 1 − y 2 (B) 1 + 1 + y 2 (C) 1 − 1 + y 2 (D) −1 + 1 − y 2
–1 + 3i (−z) r z 2s 
16. Let z = , where i = −1 , and r, s ∈ {1, 2, 3}. Let P =  2s  and I be the identity matrix
2  z z r 
of order 2. Then the total number of ordered pairs (r, s) for which P2 = –I is [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
17.
2 2
Let a,b ∈  and a + b ≠ 0. Suppose S =z ∈  : z ={ 1
a + ibt
, t ∈ , t ≠ 0 , where. }
If z = x + iy and z ∈ S, then (x,y) lies on [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
1  1 
(A) the circle with radius and centre  ,0  for a > 0, b ≠ 0
2a  2a 
1  1 
(B) the circle with radius − and centre  − ,0  for a < 0, b ≠ 0
2a  2a 
(C) the x-axis for a ≠ 0, b = 0
(D) the y-axis for a = 0, b ≠ 0
3
18. [JEE(Advanced) 2015]
Column-I Column-II
(A) In 2, if the magnitude of the projection vector of the vector αî + βˆj on (P) 1
3iˆ + ˆj is 3 and if α = 2 + 3β , then possible value(s) of |α| is (are)

(B) −3ax − 2 , x < 1
2 (Q) 2
Let a and b be real numbers such that the function ƒ(x) =  2
bx + a , x ≥1
is differentiable for all x ∈ . Then possible value(s) of a is (are)
(C) Let ω ≠ 1 be a complex cube root of (R) 3
unity. If (3 – 3ω + 2ω2)4n+3+ (2 + 3ω – 3ω2)4n+3+ (–3 + 2ω + 3ω2)4n+3 = 0
then possible value(s) of n is (are)
(D) Let the harmonic mean of two positive real number a and b be 4, If q is a (S) 4
positive real number such that a, 5, q, b is an arithmetic progression, then the
value(s) of |q – a| is (are)
(T) 5
 kπ   kπ 
19. For any integer k, let=α k cos   + isin   ,where i= −1 . The value of the expression
 7   7 
12
∑ α k+1 − α k
3
k =1
is [JEE(Advanced) 2015]
∑ α 4k−1 − α 4k−2
k =1
20. The quadratic equation p(x) = 0 with real coefficients has purely imaginary roots. Then the equation
p(p(x)) = 0 has [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
(A) only purely imaginary roots (B) all real roots
(C) two real and two purely imaginary roots (D) neither real nor purely imaginary roots.
 2kπ   2kπ 
21. Let zk = cos   + isin   ; k = 1, 2, ....... 9. [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
 10   10 
List-I List-II
P. For each zk there exists a zj such that 1. True
z k · zj = 1
Q. There exists a k ∈ {1, 2, ....., 9} such 2. False
that z1 · z = zk has no solution z in the
set of complex numbers.
|1 − z1 ||1 − z 2 | ... |1 − z 9 |
R. equals 3. 1
10
 2kπ 
S. 1– ∑ 9k=1 cos  10  equals

4. 2
Codes :
P Q R S
(A) 1 2 4 3
(B) 2 1 3 4
(C) 1 2 3 4
(D) 2 1 4 3
4

®
SOLUTIONS ⇒ z−z =
12
2
1. Ans. (281)
Now z + 1 = 2 + i 3
1967 + 1686i sin θ
Sol. A= |z + 1|2 = 4 + 3 = 7
7 − 3i cos θ
∴P→2;Q→1;R→3;S→5
281(7 + 6i sin θ) 7 + 3i cos θ ∴ Option (B) is correct.
= ×
7 − 3i cos θ 7 + 3i cos θ 3. Ans. (512)
281(49 − 18sin θ cos θ + i(21cos θ + 42 sin θ)) Sol. z8 – 28 = (z – 2)(z – α)(z – α2)…(z – α7)
=
49 + 9 cos2 θ Put z = 2e
iθ
for positive integer 8 i8θ iθ iθ iθ 7

2 (e – 1) = (2e – 2)(2e – α)…..(2e – α )
Im(A) = 0 Take mod
21cosθ + 42sinθ = 0 28|ei8θ – 1| = PA1 PA2 … PA8
−1 −4 4 8
2 |2sin4θ| = PA1 PA2 … PA8
tan θ = ; sin 2θ = , cos2 θ =
2 5 5 (PA1⋅PA2 … PA8)max = 512
281(49 − 9sin 2θ) 4. Ans. (0.50)
Re(A) =
49 + 9 cos2 θ Sol. Given that
 −4  z≠z
281  49 − 9 × 
2 + 3z + 4z 2 ( 2 − 3z + 4z ) + 6z
2
=  5  = 281 (+ve integer)

Let α =
=
4 2 − 3z + 4z 2 2 − 3z + 4z 2
49 + 9 ×
5 6z
2. Ans. (B) ∴ α= 1+
2 − 3z + 4z 2
3
Sol.  z + 2z 2 + 4z − 8 =0 …. (1) If α is a real number, then
Take conjugate both sides α=α
3 z z
⇒ z + 2z 2 + 4z − 8 =0 …. (2) ⇒ 2
=2
By (1) – (2)
2 − 3z + 4z 2 − 3z + 4z
∴ 2 ( z − z=
) 4zz ( z − z )
⇒ 2 ( z2 − z 2 ) + 4 ( z − z ) =
0
⇒ ( z − z )( 2 − 4zz ) =
0
⇒ z+z =2 …. (3)
As z ≠ z (Given)
⇒ z+z =
2 …. (4)
2 1
Let z = x + iy ⇒ zz = =
4 2
∴ x =1 ∴ z = 1 + iy 2
⇒z =
0.50
Put in (1)
5. Ans. (4.00)
⇒ (1 + y2)3/2 + 2(1 – y2 + 2iy) + 4(1 – iy) – 8 = 0
2 3/2 2 Sol. Given ,
⇒ (1 + y ) = 2(1 + y )
z − z2 = i ( z + z2 )
⇒ 1 + y 2 =2 =z
⇒ (1 − i ) z = (1 + i ) z 2
Also y = ± 3
∴ z= 1± i 3 ⇒
(1 − i ) z =
z2
(1 + i )
⇒ z − z =±2i 3
 2i 
⇒ z−z =
2 3 ⇒  −  z =z 2
 2
5
2
∴ z = −i z 4 43 + 3 205
z =
Let z = x + iy, 2
∴ (x2 – y2) + i (2xy) = –i (x – iy) ⇒ m2 + n2 = 45
2 2 ⇒ m = ±6, n = ±3
so, x – y + y = 0 …(1)
Option (B)
and (2y + 1)x = 0 …(2)
4 1 7 + 33 7 − 33
1 z + = +2 + +2
⇒ x = 0 or y = − z
4
4 4
2
Case I : When x = 0
7 11
= +2 =
2 2
∴ (1) ⇒ y(1 – y) = 0 ⇒ y = 0,1
Option (C)
∴ (0,0), (0,1)
4 1 9 + 65 9 − 65
1 z + = +2 + +2
Case II : When y = − z
4
4 4
2
9 13
1 1 3 = +2 =
∴ (1) ⇒ x2 − − = 0 ⇒ x2 = 2 2
4 2 4 Option (D)
3 1 7 + 13 7 − 13
⇒x=± z +
4
= +2 + +2
2 4
6 6
z
 3 1  3 1 7 13
∴
 , −  ,  − , −  = +2 =
 2 2  2 2 3 2
⇒ Number of distinct 'z' is equal to 4. 7. Ans. (C)
Sol.
6. Ans. (A)
z
1 2
Sol. Let ( z ) + 2 = m + in , m, n ∈ 
z
z
2
θ
( z )2 + z 4 =m + in
z
2 2  1 
⇒ (x − y )  1 + 4 
m …(1)
= |z1| = |z2| = ... |z10| = 1
 z 
arc
 1  angle =
& −2xy  1 + 4  =
n …(2) rad
 z  θ2 = arc(z1z2) > |z2 – z1|
2 2
Equation (1) + (2) P : |z2 – z1| + ... + |z1 – z10| ≤ θ1 + θ2 + ... + θ10
2 ⇒ |z2 – z1| + ... + |z1 – z10| ≤ 2π P is true
 1   2
 1 + 4  ( x + y )  =
2 2
m 2 + n2
 z  z12 = e i2 θ1 , z 2k = z 2k −1 .e i2 θk
2 Let 2θk = αk
 1 
1 + 4  (z) =
m +n
4 2 2
z12 = e iα1 , z 2k = z 2k −1 .e iα k
 z 
α1 + α2 + ... + αk = 4π
4 1
⇒ z + 4
+ 2= m 2 + n 2 one similar sense
z 2 2 2 2
|z1 – z2 | + ... |z1 – z10 | ≤ 4π
Now for option (A)
Q is also true
6

®
8. Ans. (B, D) 10. Ans. (8)
z+α π Sol. Let z = x + iy
Sol. arg   = implies z is
 z+β  4 4 4
z – |z| = 4iz
2
π ⇒ z 4 − (zz)2 =
4iz 2
on arc and (–α, 0) & (–β, 0) subtend on z.
4
⇒ z = 0 or z 2 − (z)2 =
4i
And z lies on x2 + y2 + 5x – 3y + 4 = 0
So put y = 0; ⇒ 4ixy = 4i
x2 + 5x + 4 = 0 ⇒ x = –1 ; x = –4 ⇒ xy = 1
z
(1,1)
(–1,–1)
(–4,0) (–1,0)
2
z1 − z 2 8
=
z+α π min
Now, arg  =
 z+β  4 11. Ans. (B)
π
⇒ z + α = (z + β) . r. e
i
4 z0
Sol. 1
So, z + β = z + 4 ⇒ β = 4 & z + α = z + 1
⇒α=1 (2–i)
9. Ans. (B, C)
2
Sol. |z + z + 1| = 1
 4 − ( z 0 + z0 ) 
2
arg 
 1 3  ( z − z ) + 2i 
⇒ z + 2  + 4 =
1  0 0 
 
 4 − 2 Re z 0   2 − Re z 0 
2 2 = arg
=   arg  
 1 3 1 3  2i Im z 0 + 2i   (1 + Im z 0 ) i 
⇒ z + 2  + 4 ≤ z + 2 + 4
    2 − Re z 0  
= arg  −   i 
2 2  1 + Im z
1 3  1 1   0  
⇒ 1≤ z+ + ⇒ z +  ≥
2 4  2 4 = arg(–ki) ; k > 0 (as Rez0 < 2 & Imz0 > 0)
1 1 π
⇒ z+ ≥ = −
2 2 2
12. Ans. (3.00)
also |(z2 + z) + 1| = 1 ≥ ||z2 + z| – 1|
⇒ |z2 + z| – 1 ≤ 1 Sol. |a + bω + cω2|2 = (a + bω + cω2) a + bω + cω(
2
)
2
⇒ |z + z| ≤ 2 = (a + bω + cω2) (a + bω2 + cω)
⇒ ||z2| – |z|| ≤ |z2 + z| ≤ 2 = a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca
⇒ |r2 – r| ≤ 2 1
= (a − b) 2 + (b − c) 2 + (c − a) 2 
⇒ r = |z| ≤ 2 ; ∀ z ∈ S 2
Also we can always find root of the equation 1+1+ 4
2 iθ ≥ = 3 (when a = 1, b = 2, c = 3)
z +z+1=e ;∀θ∈R 2
Hence set 'S' is infinite
7
2 2
13. Ans. (A, B, D) = y((x + 1) + y )
3π ⇒
2 2
(a – b)y = y((x + 1) + y )
Sol. (A) arg (–1 – i) = – ,
4  y ≠ 0 and a – b = 1
(B) ƒ(t) = arg(–1 + it)
⇒ (x + 1)2 + y2 = 1
π − tan −1 (t), t ≥ 0
=
−π + tan ( − t ) , t < 0
−1 ⇒ x = –1 ± 1 − y2
Discontinuous at t = 0. 16. Ans. (1)
z  Sol. z = ω
(C) arg  1  − arg ( z1 ) + arg ( z2 )
 z2  (−ω) r ω2s  2
P =  2s  , P = –I
= argz1 – arg(z2) + 2nπ – arg(z1) + arg(z2)  ω ωr 
= 2nπ.
 ω2r + ω4s ωr + 2s ((−1) r + 1) 
 ( z − z1 ) ( z2 − z3 )  ⇒ P2 =  r + 2s r  = −I
(D) arg  = π ω ((−1) + 1) ω4s + ω2r 
 ( z − z3 ) ( z 2 − z1 ) 
⇒ (–1)r + 1 = 0 ⇒ r is odd ⇒ r = 1,3
( z − z1 )( z2 − z3 ) 2r 4s
⇒ is real. also ω + ω = –1 ∴ r≠3
( z − z3 )( z2 − z1 ) 2 4s
by r = 1 ⇒ ω + ω = –1 ⇒ s = 1
⇒ z, z1, z2, z3 are concyclic.
(r, s) = (1, 1)
14. Ans. (A, C, D)
only 1 pair
Sol. Given
17. Ans. (A, C, D)
sz + tz + r =0 ....(1)
1
on taking conjugate s z + tz + r =0 ....(2) Sol.. x + iy =
a + ibt
from (1) and (2) eliminating z
a − ibt
x + iy =2
( 2
z |s| −|t| 2
) =−
rt rs a + b2 t 2
(A) If |s| ≠ |t| then z has unique value Let a ≠ 0 & b ≠ 0
(B) If |s| = |t| then r t − rs may or may not a
x= ....(1)
be zero so L may be empty set a + b2 t 2
2
(C) locus of z is null set or singleton set or

− bt
a line in all cases it will intersect given y= ....(2)
circle at most two points. a + b2 t 2
2
(D) In this case locus of z is a line so L has y − bt ay

= ⇒ t=−
infinite elements x a bx
15. Ans. (A, D) put in (1)
 az + b   a2y2 
Sol. Im   = y and z = x + iy x a 2 + b 2 . 2 2  =
a
 z +1  b x 

 a ( x + iy ) + b  a2(x2 + y2) = ax
∴ Im  = y
 x + iy + 1  1
x2 + y2 − x =
0
 ( ax + b + iay )( x + 1 − iy )  a
⇒ Im  2 =y 2
 ( x + 1) + y 2
  1  2 1
 x − 2a  + y =2
⇒ –y(ax + b) + ay(x + 1)   4a
8

®
⇒ option (A) is correct 2a2 – 17a + 30 = 0
2
for a ≠ 0, b = 0 ⇒ 2a – 12a – 5a + 30 = 0
1 2a(a – 6) – 5(a – 6) = 0
x + iy =
a 5
a = ,6
1 2
=x =, y 0 ⇒ z lies on x-axis
a ⇒ q − a = 10 − 2a = 5or 2
⇒ option (C) is correct
for a = 0, b ≠ 0 19. Ans. (4)
1 Sol. αk are vertices of 14 sided regular polygon
x + iy =
ibt |αk+1 – αk| length of a side of the regular polygon
1 |α4k–1 – α4k–2| length of a side of the regular polygon
y= − i, x = 0
bt 12(S)
⇒ =4
⇒ z lies on y-axis. 3(S)
⇒ option (D) is correct
20. Ans. (D)
18. Ans. (A) → (P,Q); (B) → (P,Q);
Sol. Let p(x) = ax2 + b + c
(C) → (P,Q,S,T); (D) → (Q,T)
α 3 +β α−2 − b + b 2 − 4ac
p(x) = 0 ⇒ x =
Sol. (A) = 3⇒α 3+ = ±2 3 2a
2 3
so b = 0 as roots are purely imaginary
 4  2 so equation will be ax2 + c = 0
⇒ α  = ±2 3
 3 3 Now p(p(x)) = 0
α= 2, −1 ⇒ α = 1, 2 2 c
⇒ ap (x) + c = 0 ⇒ p(x) =± −
(B) By continuity – 3a – 2 = b + a
2 a
By differentiability –6a = b c
ax2 + c = ± − ⇒ x∈R
2
a – 3a + 2 = 0 ⇒ a = 1,2 a
if x = iβ then
(( −3 + 2ω + 3ω ) ω)
4 n +3
(C) 2
+
c
−aβ2 + c =± − not possible
(( −3 + 2ω + 3ω ) ω )
4 n +3
2 2
+ a
(real) (imaginary)
(( −3 + 2ω + 3ω ) ) =0
2
4 n +3
So, neither real nor purely imaginary roots.
21. Ans. (C)
⇒ ( −3 + 2ω + 3ω2 )
4n + 3
ω4n +3 + ω8n + 6 + 1 =0 i2kπ i2 jπ
n 2n Sol. (P) e 10
.e 10 = 1
⇒ ω + ω + 1 =0
π
i × 2 ( k + j)
⇒ n is not a multiple of 3. e 10 =1
2ab π
(D)
a+b
= 4 , 2(5 – a) = b – 5
10
( 2 ( k + j) ) =2nπ
b = 15 – 2a (k + j) = 10
2
2a(15 – 2a) = 4(15 – a) ⇒ 15a – 2a Possible
= 30 – 2a
9
i2 π i2 πk
(Q) e 10 .z = e 10
i2 πk
e 10
z= i2 π
is possible
e 10
10
(R) z – 1 = (z – 1) (z – z1) (z – z2)....(z – z9)
put z = 1
z10 − 1
lim
z →1 ( z − 1)
(1 z1 )(1 − z 2 ) ... (1 − z9 )
=−
10z9
lim (1 z1 )(1 − z 2 ) ... (1 − z9 )
=−
z →1 1
= |(1 – z1) (1 – z2).....(1 – z9)| = 10
2π 4π 18π
(S) 1 + cos + cos + ........ + cos 0
=
10 10 10
since they are sum of ten, tenth roots of
unity
9
 2kπ 
∑ cos 
k =1 10 
 = −1
1+1=2
10

®
PERMUTATION & COMBINATION
1. The number of 4-digit integers in the closed interval [2022, 4482] formed by using the digits
0, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 is _______. [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
2. Consider 4 boxes, where each box contains 3 red balls and 2 blue balls. Assume that all 20 balls are
distinct. In how many different ways can 10 balls be chosen from these 4 boxes so that from each box at
least one red ball and one blue ball are chosen? [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
(A) 21816 (B) 85536 (C) 12096 (D) 156816
3. Let
S1 = {(i, j, k) : i, j, k ∈ {1, 2,…,10}}
S2 = {(i, j) : 1 ≤ i < j + 2 ≤ 10, i, j ∈ {1, 2,…,10}},
S3 = {(i, j, k, l) : 1 ≤ i < j < k < l, i, j, k, l ∈ {1, 2,….,10}}.
and
S4 = {(i, j, k, l) : i, j, k and l are distinct elements in {1, 2,…,10}}.
If the total number of elements in the set Sr is nr, r = 1, 2, 3, 4, then which of the following statements is
(are) TRUE? [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
n
(A) n1 = 1000 (B) n2 = 44 (C) n3 = 220 (D) 4 = 420
12
4. An engineer is required to visit a factory for exactly four days during the first 15 days of every month and
it is mandatory that no two visits take place on consecutive days. Then the number of all possible ways in
which such visits to the factory can be made by the engineer during 1-15 June 2021 is _______.
5. In a hotel, four rooms are available. Six persons are to be accommodated in these four rooms in such a
way that each of these rooms contains at least one person and at most two persons. Then the number of all
possible ways in which this can be done is _______. [JEE(Advanced) 2020]
6. Five person A, B, C, D and E are seated in a circular arrangement. If each of them is given a hat of one of
the three colours red, blue and green, then the number of ways of distributing the hats such that the
persons seated in adjacent seats get different coloured hats is [JEE(Advanced) 2019]
7. The number of 5 digit numbers which are divisible by 4, with digits from the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and the
repetition of digits is allowed, is _______. [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
8. Let X be a set with exactly 5 elements and Y be a set with exactly 7 elements. If α is the number of
one-one functions from X to Y and β is the number of onto functions from Y to X, then the value of
1
( β − α ) is _______. [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
5!
9. In a high school, a committee has to be formed from a group of 6 boys M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6 and
5 girls G1, G2, G3, G4, G5.
(i) Let α1 be the total number of ways in which the committee can be formed such that the committee
has 5 members, having exactly 3 boy and 2 girls.
(ii) Let α2 be the total number of ways in which the committe can be formed such that the committee has
at least 2 members, and having an equal number of boys and girls.
(iii) Let α3 be the total number of ways in which the committe can be formed such that the committee has
5 members, at least 2 of them being girls.
(iv) Let α4 be the total number of ways in which the committee can be formed such that the commitee has
4 members, having at least 2 girls and such that both M1 and G1 are NOT in the committee together.
1
LIST-I LIST-II
P. The value of α1 is 1. 136
Q. The value of α2 is 2. 189
R. The value of α3 is 3. 192
S. The value of α4 is 4. 200
5. 381
6. 461
The correct option is :-
(A) P → 4; Q → 6, R → 2; S → 1
(B) P → 1; Q → 4; R → 2; S → 3
(C) P → 4; Q → 6, R → 5; S → 2
(D) P → 4; Q → 2; R → 3; S → 1
10. Words of length 10 are formed using the letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J. Let x be the number of such
words where no letter is repeated; and let y be the number of such words where exactly one letter is
y
repeated twice and no other letter is repeated. Then, = [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
9x
11. Let S = {1, 2, 3,.....,9}. For k = 1,2, ....., 5, let Nk be the number of subsets of S, each containing five
elements out of which exactly k are odd. Then N1 + N2 + N3 + N4 + N5 = [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
(A) 125 (B) 252 (C) 210 (D) 126
12. A debate club consists of 6 girls and 4 boy. A team of 4 members is to be selected from this club
including the selection of a captain (from among these 4 member) for the team. If the team has to include
at most one boy, then the number of ways of selecting the team is [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
(A) 380 (B) 320 (C) 260 (D) 95
13. Let n be the number of ways in which 5 boys and 5 girls can stand in a queue in such a way that all the
girls stand consecutively in the queue. Let m be the number of ways in which 5 boys and 5 girls can stand
m
in a queue in such a way that exactly four girls stand consecutively in the queue. Then the value of is
n
14. Let n1 < n2 < n3 < n4 < n5 be positive integers such that n1 + n2 + n3 + n4 + n5 = 20. The the number of
such distinct arrangements (n1,n2,n3,n4,n5) is [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
15. Let n > 2 b an integer. Take n distinct points on a circle and join each pair of points by a line segment.
Colour the line segment joining every pair of adjacent points by blue and the rest by red. If the number of
red and blue line segments are equal, then the value of n is [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
16. Six cards and six envelopes are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and cards are to be placed in envelopes so that
each envelope contains exactly one card and no card is placed in the envelope bearing the same number
and moreover the card numbered 1 in always placed in envelope numbered 2. Then the number of ways it
can be done is - [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
(A) 264 (B) 265 (C) 53 (D) 67
2

®
SOLUTIONS 3. Ans. (A, B, D)
1. Ans. (569.00) Sol. (A) n1 = 10 × 10 × 10 = 1000
(B) As per given condition
Sol.
2,3,4,
1≤ i < j + 2 ≤ 10 ⇒ j ≤ 8 & i ≥ 1
(1) 2 0 2 5
6,7 for i = 1, 2,
j = 1, 2, 3, ..., 8 → (8 + 8) possibilities
(2) 2 0
3,4,
24
6,7 for i = 3, j = 2, 3, ..., 8 → 7 possibilities
i = 4, j = 3, ..., 8 → 6 possibilities
4 6
i = 9, j=1 → 1 possibility
2,3,4,
(3) 2 6,7 180 So n2 = (1 + 2 + 3 + .....+ 8) + 8 = 44
(C) n3 = 10C4 (Choose any four)
5 6 6 = 210
10
(4) 3 216 (D) n4 = C4. 4! = (210) (24)
n4
⇒ = 420
6 6 6 12
0,2,
(5) 4 3,4 144 So correct Ans. (A), (B), (D)
4. Ans. (495.00)
4 6 6 Sol. Selection of 4 days out of 15 days such that no
two of them are consecutive
Number of 4 digit integers in [2022,4482]
= 15 – 4 + 1C4 = 12C4
= 5 + 24 + 180 + 216 + 144 = 569
12 × 11 × 10 × 9
= = 11 × 5 × 9 = 495
2. Ans. (A) 4 ×3× 2
5. Ans. (1080.00)
3R 3R 3R 3R
Sol. 6!
2B 2B 2B 2B Sol. required ways = × 4! = 1080
2! 2! 1! 1! 2! 2!
B-1 B-2 B-3 B-4 6. Ans. (30.00)
Case-I : when exactly one box provides four A
Sol.
balls (3R 1B or 2R 2B) E B
Number of ways in this case
5
C4 (3C1 × 2C1)3 × 4
D C
Case-II : when exactly two boxes provide three When 1R, 2B, 2G
balls (2R 1B or 1R 2B) each 5C1 × 2 = 10
Number of ways in this case Other possibilities
5 2 3 2 2
( C3 – 1) ( C1 × C1) × 6 1B, 2R, 2G
or 1G, 2R, 2B
Required number of ways = 21816
So total no. of ways = 3 × 10 = 30
Language ambiguity : If we consider at least 7. Ans. (625)
one red ball and exactly one blue ball, then Sol. Option for last two digits are (12), (24), (32),
required number of ways is 9504. None of the (44) are (52).
option is correct. ∴ Total No. of digits
= 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 = 625
3
8. Ans. (119) 10. Ans. (5)
Sol. n(X) = 5 Sol. x = 10!
n(Y) = 7 10 9 10!
7 y = C1 C8
α → Number of one-one function = C5 ×5! 2!
β → Number of onto function Y to X y 5.9.10!
= =5
a1 b1 9x 9.10!
a2 b2 11. Ans. (D)
.. ..
.. .. Sol. N1 + N2 + N3 + N4 + N5
.. .. = Total ways – {when no odd}
a7 b5 9
Total ways = C5
1, 1, 1, 1, 3 1, 1, 1, 2, 2 Number of ways when no odd, is zero
7! 7! ( only available even are 2, 4, 6, 8)
× 5!+ × 5!
3!4! (2!)3 3!
9
∴ Ans : C5 – zero = 126
( 7
= C3 + 3. C3 5! =×7
)
4 C3 × 5! 7
12. Ans. (A)
β−α 6 6 4 4
=4 ×7C3 − 7C 5 =4 × 35 − 21 =119 Sol. ( C4 + C3. C1). C1 = 380
5! 13. Ans. (5)
9. Ans. (C) Sol. n = 5!6!
 6  5  6 5 2
m = 5! C2. C4. C1.4!
Sol. (1) =
α1  =   200
 3  2  m
∴ =5
So P → 4 n
 6  5  6  5  14. Ans. (7)
(2) =
α2     +     +
1  1   2   2  Sol. as n1 ≥ 1, n 2 ≥ 2, n 3 ≥ 3, n 4 ≥ 4, n 5 ≥ 5
 6  5  6  5   6  5 Let n1 – 1 = x1 ≥ 0,
   +    +   
3 3  4  4   5  5 n2 – 2 = x2 ≥ 0 ............
 11  n5 – 5 = x5 ≥ 0
=   −1
5 ⇒ New equation will be
= 461 x1 + 1 + x2 + 2 + ....... x5 + 5 = 20
So Q → 6 ⇒ x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 = 20 – 15 = 5
 5  6   5  6   5  6   5  6  Now x1 ≤ x2 ≤ x3 ≤ x4 ≤ x5
(3)
= α3    +    +    +   
 2  3   3  2   4  1   5  0 
x1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5
 11   5  6   5  6 
=
  −    −    0 0 0 0 5
 5   0  5   1  4 
0 0 0 1 4
= 381
So R → 5 0 0 0 2 3
 5  6   4  5 0 0 1 1 3
(4) =
α4     −     +
 2   2  1  1  0 0 1 2 2
 5   6   4  1  5  0 1 1 1 2
   −    +   = 189
 3  1   2  1  4  1 1 1 1 1
So S → 2 So, 7 possible cases will be there.
4

®
15. Ans. (5)
Sol. Number of red line segments = nC2 – n
Number of blue line segments = n
∴ nC2 – n = n
n ( n − 1)
= 2n ⇒ n = 5 Ans.
2
16. Ans. (C)
Sol Total number of dearrangement
1 1 1 1 1
6!  − + − + 
 2! 3! 4! 5! 6! 
= 360 – 120 + 30 – 6 + 1
= 240 + 25 = 265
There are equal chances that card 1 goes into
any envelope from 2 to 6
1
∴ ( 265) = 53
5
5

®
PROBABILITY
 x2 y2 
1. X (x, y) ∈  ×  : +
Let = < 1 and y 2 < 5x  . Three distinct points P, Q and R are randomly chosen
 8 20 
from X. Then the probability that P, Q and R form a triangle whose area is a positive integer, is
71 73 79 83
(A) (B) (C) (D)
220 220 220 220
2. Consider an experiment of tossing a coin repeatedly until the outcomes of two consecutive tosses
1
are same. If the probability of a random toss resulting in head is , then the probability that the
3
experiment stops with head is. [JEE(Advanced) 2023]
1 5 4 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 21 21 7
3. Let X be the set of all five digit numbers formed using 1,2,2,2,4,4,0. For example, 22240 is in X while
02244 and 44422 are not in X . Suppose that each element of X has an equal chance of being chosen. Let
p be the conditional probability that an element chosen at random is a multiple of 20 given that it is a
multiple of 5. Then the value of 38p is equal to- [JEE(Advanced) 2023]
Consider the 6 × 6 square in the figure. Let A1,A2,…,A49 be the points of intersections (dots in the
picture) in some order. We say that Ai and Aj are friends if they are adjacent along a row or along a
column. Assume that each point Ai has an equal chance of being chosen.
4. Let pi be the probability that a randomly chosen point has i many friends, i = 0,1,2,3,4. Let X be a random
variable such that for i = 0,1,2,3,4, the probability P(X = i)= pi. Then the value of 7E(X) is
5. Two distinct points are chosen randomly out of the points A1,A2,…,A49. Let p be the probability that they
are friends. Then the value of 7p is
6. In a study about a pandemic, data of 900 persons was collected. It was found that
190 persons had symptom of fever,
220 persons had symptom of cough,
220 persons had symptom of breathing problem,
330 persons had symptom of fever or cough or both,
350 persons had symptom of cough or breathing problem or both,
340 persons had symptom of fever or breathing problem or both,
30 persons had all three symptoms (fever, cough and breathing problem).
If a person is chosen randomly from these 900 persons, then the probability that the person has at most
one symptom is _________. [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
1
7. Two players, 𝑃𝑃1 and 𝑃𝑃2, play a game against each other. In every round of the game, each player rolls a
fair die once, where the six faces of the die have six distinct numbers. Let 𝑥𝑥 and 𝑦𝑦 denote the readings on
the die rolled by 𝑃𝑃1 and 𝑃𝑃2, respectively. If 𝑥𝑥 > 𝑦𝑦, then 𝑃𝑃1 scores 5 points and 𝑃𝑃2 scores 0 point. If 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑦𝑦,
then each player scores 2 points. If 𝑥𝑥 < 𝑦𝑦, then 𝑃𝑃1 scores 0 point and 𝑃𝑃2 scores 5 points. Let 𝑋𝑋𝑖𝑖 and 𝑌𝑌𝑖𝑖 be
the total scores of 𝑃𝑃1 and 𝑃𝑃2, respectively, after playing the 𝑖𝑖𝑡𝑡ℎ round. [JEE(Advanced) 2022]
List-I List-II
3
(I) Probability of (𝑋𝑋2 ≥ 𝑌𝑌2) is (P)
8
11
(II) Probability of (𝑋𝑋2 > 𝑌𝑌2) is (Q)
16
5
(III) Probability of (𝑋𝑋3 = 𝑌𝑌3) is (R)
16
355
(IV) Probability of (𝑋𝑋3 > 𝑌𝑌3) is (S)
864
77
(T)
432
The correct option is:
(A) (I) → (Q); (II) → (R); (III) → (T); (IV) → (S)
(B) (I) → (Q); (II) → (R); (III) → (T); (IV) → (T)
(C) (I) → (P); (II) → (R); (III) → (Q); (IV) → (S)
(D) (I) → (P); (II) → (R); (III) → (Q); (IV) → (T)
8. Suppose that
Box-I contains 8 red, 3 blue and 5 green balls,
Box-II contains 24 red, 9 blue and 15 green balls,
Box-III contains 1 blue, 12 green and 3 yellow balls,
Box-IV contains 10 green, 16 orange and 6 white balls.
A ball is chosen randomly from Box-I ; call this ball b. If b is red then a ball is chosen randomly from
Box-II, if b is blue then a ball is chosen randomly from Box-III, and if b is green then a ball is chosen
randomly from Box-IV. The conditional probability of the event 'one of the chosen balls is white' given
that the event 'at least one of the chosen balls is green' has happened, is equal to
15 3 5 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
256 16 52 8
9. Consider three sets E1 = {1, 2, 3}, F1 = {1, 3, 4} and G1 = {2, 3, 4, 5}. Two elements are chosen at
random, without replacement, from the set E1, and let S1 denote the set of these chosen elements.
Let E2 = E1 – S1 and F2 = F1 ∪ S1. Now two elements are chosen at random, without replacement, from
the set F2 and let S2 denote the set of these chosen elements.
Let G2 = G1 ∪ S2. Finally, two elements are chosen at random, without replacement, from the set G2 and
let S3 denote the set of these chosen elements.
Let E3 = E2 ∪ S3. Given that E1 = E3, let p be the conditional probability of the event S1 = {1, 2}. Then
the value of p is [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
1 3 1 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 5 2 5
2

®
Question Stem for Question Nos. 10 and 11
Question Stem
Three numbers are chosen at random, one after another with replacement, from the set S = {1, 2, 3, ..., 100}.
Let p1 be the probability that the maximum of chosen numbers is at least 81 and p2 be the probability that
the minimum of chosen numbers is at most 40.
625
10. The value of p1 is ________. [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
4
125
11. The value of p2 is ________. [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
4
12. Let E, F and G be three events having probabilities
1 1 1 1
P(E)
= =, P (F) and P ( G ) = , and let P ( E ∩ F ∩ G ) = .
8 6 4 10
C
For any event H, if H denotes its complement, then which of the following statements is(are) TRUE ?
1 1
(
(A) P E ∩ F ∩ G C ≤ ) 40
(
(B) P E C ∩ F ∩ G ≤) 15
13 5
(C) P ( E ∪ F ∪ G ) ≤
24
(
(D) P E C ∩ F C ∩ G C ≤) 12
13. A number is chosen at random from the set {1, 2, 3, ..., 2000}. Let p be the probability that the chosen
number is a multiple of 3 or a multiple of 7. Then the value of 500p is ________.
2 1
14. Let C1 and C2 be two biased coins such that the probabilities of getting head in a single toss are and ,
3 3
respectively. Suppose α is the number of heads that appear when C1 is tossed twice, independently, and
suppose β is the number of heads that appear when C2 is tossed twice, independently, Then the probability
that the roots of the quadratic polynomial x2 – αx + β are real and equal, is [JEE(Advanced) 2020]
40 20 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
81 81 2 4
15. The probability that a missile hits a target successfully is 0.75. In order to destroy the target completely, at
least three successful hits are required. Then the minimum number of missiles that have to be fired so that
the probability of completely destroying the target is NOT less than 0.95, is ________.
16. Two fair dice, each with faces numbered 1,2,3,4,5 and 6, are rolled together and the sum of the numbers
on the faces is observed. This process is repeated till the sum is either a prime number or a perfect square.
Suppose the sum turns out to be a perfect square before it turns out to be a prime number. If p is the
probability that this perfect square is an odd number, then the value of 14p is ________.
3
17. There are three bags B1, B2 and B3. The bag B1 contains 5 red and 5 green balls, B2 contains 3 red and
3 3
5 green balls, and B3 contains 5 red and 3 green balls, Bags B1, B2 and B3 have probabilities , and
10 10
4
respectively of being chosen. A bag is selected at random and a ball is chosen at random from the bag.
10
Then which of the following options is/are correct ? [JEE(Advanced) 2019]
3
(A) Probability that the selected bag is B3 and the chosen ball is green equals
10
39
(B) Probability that the chosen ball is green equals
80
3
(C) Probability that the chosen ball is green, given that the selected bag is B3, equals
8
5
(D) Probability that the selected bag is B3, given that the chosen balls is green, equals
13
18. Let S be the sample space of all 3 × 3 matrices with entries from the set {0, 1}. Let the events E1 and E2 be
given by
E1 = {A ∈ S : detA = 0} and
E2 = {A ∈ S : sum of entries of A is 7}.
If a matrix is chosen at random from S, then the conditional probability P(E1|E2) equals ____
19. Let |X| denote the number of elements in set X. Let S = {1,2,3,4,5,6} be a sample space, where each
element is equally likely to occur. If A and B are indepenent events associated with S, then the number of
ordered pairs (A, B) such that 1 < |B| < |A|, equals [JEE(Advanced) 2019]
PARAGRAPH "A"
There are five students S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5 in a music class and for them there are five seats
R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 arranged in a row, where initially the seat Ri is allotted to the student Si,
i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. But, on the examination day, the five students are randomly allotted the five seats.
(There are two questions based on Paragraph "A". the question given below is one of them)
20. The probability that, on the examination day, the student S1 gets the previously allotted seat R1 and NONE
of the remaining students gets the seat previously allotted to him/her is - [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
3 1 7 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
40 8 40 5
PARAGRAPH "A"
There are five students S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5 in a music class and for them there are five seats R1, R2, R3,
R4 and R5 arranged in a row, where initially the seat Ri is allotted to the student Si, i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. But, on
the examination day, the five students are randomly allotted the five seats.
(There are two questions based on Paragraph "A", the question given below is one of them)
21. For i = 1, 2, 3, 4, let Ti denote the event that the students Si and Si+1 do NOT sit adjacent to each other on
the day of the examination. Then the probability of the event T1 ∩ T2 ∩ T3 ∩ T4 is-
1 1 7 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
15 10 60 5
4

®
1 1 2
22. Let X and Y be two events such that P(X) = , P(X | Y) = and P(Y | X) = . Then
3 2 5
1 1
(A) P(X ' | Y) = (B) P(X ∩ Y) =
2 5
2 4
(C) P(X ∪ Y) = (D) P(Y) =
5 15
23. Three randomly chosen non negative integers x, y and z are found to satisfy the equation x + y + z = 10.
Then the probability that z is even, is [JEE(Advanced) 2017]
36 6 5 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
55 11 11 2
24. A computer producing factory has only two plants T1 and T2. Plant T1 produces 20% and plant T2
produces 80% of the total computers produced. 7% of computers produced in the factory turn out to be
defective. It is known that [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
P(computer turns out to be defective given that is produced in plant T1)
= 10P(computer turns out to be defective given that it is produced in plant T2)

where P(E) denotes the probability of an event E. A computer produces in the factory is randomly selected
and it does not turn out to be defective. Then the probabality that it is produced in plant T2 is
36 47 78 75
(A) (B) (C) (D)
73 79 93 83
Paragraph For Questions No. 25 and 26
Football teams T1 and T2 have to play two games against each other. It is assumed that the outcomes of
the two games are independent. The probabilities of T1 winning, drawing and losing a game against T2 are
1 1 1
, and , respectively. Each team gets 3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw and 0 point for a loss in
2 6 3
a game. Let X and Y denote the total points scored by teams T1 and T2, respectively, after two games
25. P(X > Y) is- [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
1 5 1 7
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 12 2 12
26. P(X = Y) is- [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
11 1 13 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
36 3 36 2
27. The minimum number of times a fair coin needs to be tossed, so that the probability of getting at least two
heads is at least 0.96, is [JEE(Advanced) 2015]
5
Paragraph For Questions Nos. 28 and 29
Let n1 and n2 be the number of red and black balls respectively, in box I. Let n3 and n4 be the number of
red and black balls, respectively, in box II.
28. One of the two boxes, box I and box II, was selected at random and a ball was drawn randomly out of this
box. The ball was found to be red. If the probability that this red ball was drawn from
1
box II is , then the correct option(s) with the possible values of n1, n2, n3 and n4 is(are)
3
(A) n1 = 3, n2 = 3, n3 = 5, n4 = 15 (B) n1 = 3, n2 = 6, n3 = 10, n4 = 50
(C) n1 = 8, n2 = 6, n3 = 5, n4 = 20 (D) n1 = 6, n2 = 12, n3 = 5, n4 = 20
29. A ball is drawn at random from box I and transferred to box II. If the probability of drawing a red ball
1
from box I, after this transfer, is , then the correct option(s) with the possible values of n1 and n2 is(are)
3
(A) n1 = 4 and n2 = 6 (B) n1 = 2 and n2 = 3
(C) n1 = 10 and n2 = 20 (D) n1 = 3 and n2 = 6
30. Three boys and two girls stand in a queue. The probability, that the number of boys ahead of every girl is
at least one more than the number of girls ahead of her, is - [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
1 1 2 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 3 3 4
Paragraph For Questions No. 31 and 32
Box 1 contains three cards bearing numbers, 1,2,3 ; box 2 contains five cards bearing numbers 1,2,3,4,5;
and box 3 contains seven cards bearing numbers 1,2,3,4,5,6,7. A card is drawn from each of the boxes.
Let xi be the number on the card drawn from the ith box, i = 1,2,3.
31. The probability that x1 + x2 + x3 is odd, is [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
29 53 57 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
105 105 105 2
32. The probability that x1,x2,x3 are in an arithmetic progression, is- [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
9 10 11 7
(A) (B) (C) (D)
105 105 105 105
6

®
SOLUTIONS 3. Ans. (31)
1. Ans. (B) Sol. No. of elements in X which are multiple of 5
x2 y2 4 
Sol. + < 1 & y2 < 5x _ _ _ _ 0 → = 4 
8 20   3
1,2,2,2 fixed 
Solving corresponding equations 4 
_ _ _ _ 0 → = 12 
x2 y2   2 
+ 1 & y2 = 5x
= 1,4,2,2 fixed
8 20 
4
x = 2  _ _ _ _ 0= → 4 =Total 38
  3
⇒  4,2,2,2 fixed 
y = ± 10  
4
X = {(1,1), (1,0), (1,–1), (1,2), (1,–2), (2, 3), _ _ _ _ 0 → = 6
  22 
fixed
(2,2), (2,1), (2,0), (2,–1), (2,–2), (2,–3)} 2,2,4,4

4
_ _ _ _ 0 → = 12 
  2 
1,2,4,4 fixed 
Among these 38 elements, let us calculate when
element is not divisible by 20
3 
O _ _ _ 1 0 → = 1
 3
2,2,2 fixed 
3 
_
 _ _ 1 0 →
= 3  Total
= 7
2
2,2,4 fixed 
3 
Let S be the sample space & E be the event n(S) _ _ _ 1 0 → = 3 
 2
= 12C3 2,4,4 fixed 
For E 38 − 7
Selecting 3 points in which 2 points are either ∴ p= ∴ 38p = 31
38
or x = 1 & x = 2 but distance b/w then is even
4. Ans. (24.00)
Triangles with base 2 :
= 3 × 7 + 5 × 5 = 46
Sol.
= 1 × 7 + 3 × 5 = 22
=1×5=5
46 + 22 + 5 73 Pi = Probability that randomly
=P(E) = 12
C3 220 selected points has friends
2. Ans. (B) P0 = 0 (0 friends)
1 2 P1 = 0 (exactly 1 friends)
P (H)
Sol. = =; P (T)
3 3 4
C1 4
P2 = = (exactly 2 friends)
Req. prob = P(HH or HTHH or HTHTHH or ….) 49
C1 9
+ P(THH or THTHH or THTHTHH or ….) 20
C1 20
1 1 2 1 1 P3
= = (exactly 3 friends)
. . . 49
C1 49
5
= 3 3 + 3 3 3 =
2 1 2 1 21 25
C1 25
1− . 1− . P4
= = (exactly 4 friends)
3 3 3 3 49
C1 49
7
x 0 1 2 3 4 ∴ Number of person suffering from atmost one
symptom
4 20 25
P(x) 0 0 = 480 + 240 = 720
49 49 49
720 8 4
Mean = E(x) = =
⇒ Probability = = = 0.80
900 10 5
8 60 100 168 7. Ans. (A)
∑ x P =0 + 0 + 49 + 49 +
i i
49
=
49 6 1
168 Sol. P(draw in 1 round) = =
7 ( E ( x ) )= × 7= 24 36 6
49 1 1 5
5. Ans. (0.50) P(win in 1 round) =  1 −  =
2  6  12
Sol. Total number of ways of selecting 2 persons
5
= 49C2 P(loss in 1 round) =
Number of ways in which 2 friends are selected
12
= 6 × 7 × 2 = 84 P(X2 > Y2) = P(10,0) + P(7,2)
84 × 2 1 5 5 5 1 45 5
7P
= =×7 = × + × × 2= =
49 × 48 2 12 12 12 6 144 16
6. Ans. (0.80) P(X2 = Y2) = P(5,5) + P(4,4)
Sol. n(U) = 900 5 5 1 1 25 + 2 3
= × ×2 + =
× =
Let A ≡ Fever, B ≡ Cough 12 12 6 6 72 8
C ≡ Breathing problem P(X3 = Y3) = P(6,6) + P(7,7)
∴ n(A) = 190, n(B) = 220, n(C) = 220 1 5 1 5 2 75
n(A ∪ B) = 330, n(B ∪ C) = 350,
= + × × × 6= +
6 × 6 × 6 12 6 12 432 432
n(A ∪ C) = 340, n (A ∩ B ∩ C) = 30 77
Now n(A∪B) = n(A) + n(B) – n(A∩B) =
432
⇒ 330 = 190 + 220 – n(A ∩ B)
1 77  355
⇒ n(A ∩ B) = 80 P(X3 > Y3) =  1 − =
2  432  864
Similarly,
350 = 220 + 220 – n(B∩C) 8. Ans. (C)
⇒ n(B∩C) = 90 Sol. Box I 8(R) 3(B) 5(G)
and 340 = 190 + 220 – n(A∩C) Box II 24(R) 9(B) 15(G)
⇒ n(A∩C) = 70 Box III 1(B) 12(G) 3(y)
∴ n(A∪B∪C) = (190 + 220 + 220) – Box IV 10(G) 16(o) 6(w)
(80 + 90 + 70) + 30 A (one of the chosen balls is white)
= 660 – 240 = 420 B (at least one of the chosen ball is green)
⇒ Number of person without any symptom  A  P(A ∩ B)
P  =
= n (∪) – n(A ∪ B ∪ C)  B P(B)
= 900 – 420 = 480 A ∩ B → (wG)
Now, number of person suffering from exactly 5 6
one symptom
×
= 16 32
= (n(A) + n(B) + n(C)) – 2(n(A ∩ B) + 5 8 15 3 12
×1 + × + ×
n(B ∩ C) + n(C ∩ A)) + 3n(A ∩ B ∩ C) 16 16 48 16 16
= (190 + 220 + 220) – 2(80 + 90 + 70) + 3(30) 15 5
= =
= 630 – 480 + 90 = 240 156 52
8

®
9.
Ans. (A) 12. Ans. (A, B, C)
P ( S1 ∩ ( E1 = E 3 ) ) P ( B1,2 ) 1 1
=Sol. P = Sol. P(E) = ; P(F) = ; P(G)
P ( E1 = E 3 ) P ( B) 8 6
P(B) = P(B1,2) + P(B1,3) + P(B2,3) 1 1
= ; P(E ∩ F ∩ G) =
↑ ↑ ↑ 4 10
If 1,2 If 1,3 If 2,3
(C) P(E ∪ F ∪ G) = P(E) + P(F) + P(G) –
chosen chosen chosen
at start at start at start P(E ∩ F) – P(F ∩ G) – P(G ∩ E) + P(E ∩ F ∩ G)
3
1 1 × C1 1 1 1 1 1
P ( B1,2 ) = × 4 × 5 = + + − ∑ P (E ∩ F) +
3 C C 8 6 4 10
2 2
1 is definitely 1,2 chosen
3+4+6 1
chosen from F2 from G 2
= + − ∑ P (E ∩ F)
1 1 × 2 C1 1 24 10
P ( B1,3 ) = × 3 × 5 13 1
3 C2 C = + − ∑ P ( E ∩ F)
  2 24 10
1 is definitely 1,2 chosen
chosen from F2 from G 2
 3 C2 × 1 1 1 × 3C 1  E F
1  4 ×4 + 4 1 ×5 
P ( B2,3 )= × C2 C2 C2 C2 
3  If    
 from F
1 is not chosen If 1 is chosen 
 2 from F2  G
P ( B1,2 ) 1
= 13
P ( B) 5 ⇒ P(E ∪ F ∪ G) ≤ [(C) is Correct]
24
10. Ans. (76.25)
Sol. p1 = probability that maximum of chosen (D) P(EC ∩ FC ∩ GC)
numbers is at least 81 13
p1 = 1 – probability that maximum of chosen = 1 – P(E ∪ F ∪ G) ≥ 1–
24
number is at most 80
80 × 80 × 80 64 C C C 11
⇒ P(E ∩ F ∩ G ) ≥ [(D) is Incorrect]
p1 = 1 − = 1− 24
100 × 100 × 100 125
61 1
p1 = (A) P(E) = ≥ P(E ∩ F ∩ GC) + P (E ∩ F ∩ G)
125 8
625p1 625 61 305 1 1
= × = = 76.25 ⇒ ≥ P ( E ∩ F ∩ GC ) +
4 4 125 4 8 10
625p1 1 1
the value of is 76.25 ⇒ − ≥ P ( E ∩ F ∩ GC )
4 8 10
11. Ans. (24.50) 1
⇒ ≥ P ( E ∩ F ∩ G C ) [(A) is Correct]
Sol. p2 = probability that minimum of chosen 40
numbers is at most 40
1
= 1 – probability that minimum of chosen (B) P(F) = ≥ P(EC ∩ F ∩ G) + P(E ∩ F ∩ G)
numbers is at least 41 6
3 1 1
 60  ⇒ − ≥ P(EC ∩ F ∩ G)
= 1−  6 10
 100 
27 98 4
= 1− = ⇒ ≥ P(EC ∩ F ∩ G)
125 125 60
125 125 98 1
∴ p2 = × = 24.50 ⇒ ≥ P(EC ∩ F ∩ G) [(B) is Correct]
4 4 125 15
9
13. Ans. (214) n n −1
1  3  1 
Sol. A = set of numbers divisible by 3 ⇒ 1 − C 0   − n C1    
n
−
4  4  4 
A = {3, 6, 9, 12, ............. 1998}
2 n −2
∴ n (A) = 666 n 3 1
C2     ≥ 0.95
4 4
B = set of numbers divisible by 7
B = {7, 14, 21, .....1995}  9n(n − 1) 
 1 + 3n + 2 
∴ n(B) = 285 ⇒ 1− n  ≥ 0.95
 4 
{21, 42,.......1995}
A∩B=
2 n 4n
∴ n(A ∪ B) = 606 + 285 − 95 = 856 ⇒ 9n – 3n + 2 ≤ 0.05 × 4 × 2 ≤
10
856
required probability = =P for n = 5 212 ≤ 102.4 (Not true)
2000
for n = 6 308 ≤ 409.6 true
856
so, 500 P = × 500 =
214 ∴ least value of n = 6
2000
16. Ans. (8.00)
14. Ans. (B)
Sol. Prime : 2, 3, 5, 7, 11
2
Sol. P(H) = for C1 1 2 4 6 2
3
1 15
P(H) = for C2 P(Prime) =
3 36
for C1 Perfect square = 4, 9
7
No. of Heads (α) 0 1 2 P ( perfect square ) =
36
1 4 4
Probability required probability
9 9 9
2
for C2
4 14 4  14  4
+ × +  + ...
= 36 36 36  36  36
No. of Heads (β) 0 1 2 2
7 14 7  14  7
+ × +  + ...
4 4 1 36 36 36  36  36
Probability
9 9 9 4
P=
for real and equal roots 7
α2 = 4β 4
14P = 14. =8
(α, β) = (0, 0), (2, 1) 7
1 4 4 4 20 17. Ans. (B, C)
So, probability = × + × =
9 9 9 9 81
Sol. Ball Balls composition P ( Bi )
15. Ans. (6)
3
Sol. Let P(r) = probability of r successes B1 5R + 5G
10
r n −r
n 3 1 B2 3R + 5G
3
= Cr    
4 4 10
4
1 – (P(0) + P(1) + P(2)) ≥ 0.95 B3 5R + 3G
10
10

®
G  20. Ans. (A)
(A) P ( B3 ∩ G ) =
P  1  P ( B3 )
 B3  1 1 1
4!  − + 
2! 3! 4! 
3 4 3 Sol. Required probability = 
= × = 5!
8 10 20
9 3
      = =
(B) P ( G ) = P  G1  P ( B1 ) + P  G  P ( B2 ) + P  G  P ( B3 ) 120 40
 B1   B2   B3 
21. Ans. (C)
3 3 3 39
= + + = Sol. n(T1 ∩ T2 ∩ T3 ∩ T4)
20 16 20 80
G 3
(
= Total – n T1 ∪ T2 ∪ T3 ∪ T4 )
(C) P  =
 B3  8 = 5! − ( 4
C1 4!2! − ( 3
)
C1 .3!2! + 3C1 3!2!2! +
 B3  P ( G ∩ B3 ) 3 / 20
(D) P=
G
 
= =
P (G )
4
39 / 80 13 ( 2
C1 2!2! + 4 C1 .2.2! − 2 ) )
18. Ans. (0.50) = 14
9
Sol. n(E2) = C2 (as exactly two cyphers are there) 14 7
Probability = =
5! 60
Now, det A = 0, when two cyphers are in the
22. Ans. (A, D)
same column or same row
3 1 P (X ∩ Y) 1 P (Y ∩ X) 2
⇒ n(E1 ∩ E2) = 6 × C2. Sol. P(x) = ; = ; =
3 P (Y) 2 P (X) 5
 E1  n(E1 ∩ E 2 ) 18 1
Hence, P  = = = from this information, we get
 E2  n(E 2 ) 36 2
2 4
P(X ∩ Y) = ; P(Y) =
= 0.50 15 15
19. Ans. (422.00) 1 4 2 7
∴ P(X ∪ Y) = + − =
 B 3 15 15 15
Sol. P   = P(B)
A P (X ∩ Y)
P (X Y) =
(A ∩ B) n(B) P (Y)
⇒ n = ....(1)
n(A) n(s) P (Y) − P (X ∩ Y)
=
⇒ n(A) should have 2 or 3 as prime factors P (Y)
⇒ n(A) can be 2, 3, 4 or 6 as n(A) > 1 2 /15 1
⇒ P (X Y) = 1 – =
n(A)= 2 does not satisfy the constraint (1). 4 /15 2
for n(A) = 3. n(B) = 2 and n(A ∩ B) = 1 23. Ans. (B)
4! Sol. Let z = 2k, where k = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
6
⇒ No. of ordered pair = C4 × = 180 ∴ x + y = 10 – 2k
2!
Number of non negative integral solutions
for n(A) = 4. n(B) = 3 and n(A ∩ B) = 2
5
⇒ No. of ordered pairs = C 5 × 65!

180
= ∑ 11−2k C1 = ∑11 − 2k = 36
2!2! k =0
for n(A) = 6. n(B) can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Total cases = 10+3–1C3–1 = 66
⇒
6
No. of ordered pairs = 2 – 2 = 62 36 6
Reqd. prob. = =
66 11
Total ordered pair = 180 + 180 + 62 = 422.
11
24. Ans. (C) 28. Ans. (A, B)
20 80  n3 
Sol. P ( T1 ) = P(T2) =  
100 100  n3 + n 4  1
Sol. Required probability = =
D n1 n3 3
Let P  = x +
n1 + n 2 n 3 + n 4
 T2 
now check options.
D 29. Ans. (C, D)
P   = 10x
T
 1 Sol. Required probability =
7 n1 (n1 − 1) n2 n1 1
P (D) = (given) + =
100 ( n1 + n 2 ) (n1 + n 2 − 1) ( n1 + n 2 ) (n1 + n 2 − 1) 3
D D 7 n12 + n1n 2 − n1 1
P ( T1 ) P   + P ( T2 ) P   = ⇒ =
(n1 + n 2 ) (n1 + n 2 − 1) 3
 T1   T2  100
now check options.
20 80 7 30. Ans. (A)
× 10x + ×x =
100 100 100 Sol. Total ways of arranging all boys & girls = 5!
1 = 120
x= unfavourable case will be
40
I _ _ _ _ _ _g 2.4! = 48
D 1  D  39 _ _ _ _ g_ _g
P   =⇒ P   =
 T2  40  T2  40 II _ _ _ _g g_ B
_ 2!.3! = 12
 D  10  D  30 Favourable ways are 120 – 48 – 12 = 60
P   =⇒ P   =
 T1  40  T1  40 60 1
P
= =
80 39 120 2
× 31. Ans. (B)
 T2  100 40 78
=P  = I II III
 D  20 × 30 + 80 × 39 93
Sol. 1 1 1
100 40 100 40 2 2 2
25. Ans. (B) 3 3 3
4 4
Sol. P(X > Y) = P(T1 win) P(T1 win) + P(T1 win)
5 5
P(match draw) + P(match draw).P(T1 win) 6
1 1 1 1 1 1 5 7
= × + × + × =
2 2 2 6 6 2 12 x1 = number on the card drawn from I
26. Ans. (C) x2 = number on the card drawn from II
Sol. P(X = Y) = P(match draw) P(match Draw) + x3 = number on the card drawn from III
P(T1 win) P(T2 win) + P(T2 win) P(T1 win)  x1 + x2 + x3 = odd
1 1 1 1 1 1 13 2 3 4 24
= × + × + × = odd + odd + odd ⇒ . . =
6 6 2 3 3 2 36 3 5 7 105
27. Ans. (8) 2 2 3 12
Sol. Let the number of tosses be n odd + even + even ⇒ . . =
3 5 7 105
∴ Probability of getting at least two heads 1 3 3 9
n n −1 even + odd + even ⇒ . . =
1 1 1 3 5 7 105
=1 −   − n C1 .   .  
2 2 2 1 2 4 8
even + even + odd ⇒ . . =
(n + 1) 24 n +1 1 3 5 7 105
∴ 1− ≥ ⇒ ≤ ⇒ Probability that x1 + x2 + x3 is odd is
2n 25 2n 25
∴ n=8 24 + 12 + 9 + 8 53
=
105 105
12

®
32. Ans. (C)
Sol. 2x2 = x1 + x3
⇒ x1 + x3 = even for every x2
1 31 3
even + even ⇒  .  =
 3 7  5 105
2 41 8
odd + odd ⇒  .  =
 3 7  5 105
⇒ probability that x1, x2, x3 are in AP is
3 8 11
+ =
105 105 105
13

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 JEE Advanced Mathematics 10 Years Topicwise Questions with Solutions

(in real variables)

(A) x + 2y + 3z = b1, 4y + 5z = b2 and x + 2y + 6z = b3

(adj M) = adj (M2) = adj I = I

Here 0 > 0 (false)

 a 3 + 2abc + bdc a 2 b + abd + b 2 c + bd 2  2 sin 2 2θ  1 

⇒ a3 + d3 + 9bc = –18 Sol. (adjM)11 = 2 – 3b = –1 ⇒ b = 1

⇒ (a + d)((a + d)2 – 3ad) + 9bc = –18 Also, (adjM)22 = –3a = –6 ⇒ a = 2

⇒ 3(9 – 3ad) + 9bc = –18 0 1 2

|A – λI| = (a – λ)(d – λ) – bc adjM

⇒ –18 = (9 – ∆)(3) – 6∆  −1 1 −1 1 

6 for x = 1 det (R) = 44 ≠ 0

⇒ α = 30. Option (D):

1 1 ( R − 6I ) a  = O

which is contradiction ∴ |P| = 2k ⇒ k = 10 + 6α ...(i)

The correct option is:

Sol. Given x + 2y + z = 7 …. (1) System has a unique solution

2x – 3y + βz = γ …. (3) ⇒ x = 11, y = –2 and

Sol. S = 77 + 757 + 7557 + … + 75.....57

75.....57 ⇒ log3 (3y1 + 3y2 + 3y3 ) ≥ 41

Let m = n(X ∩ Y) 51a1 51 50

Then which of the following statements is/are TRUE? [JEE(Advanced) 2020]

1. Ans. (3) (A) g(m, n) = g(n,m)

p!n! ( n − p + i )!( p − i )! X = n.∑ n Cr .n −1 Cr −1

50.49.48 50.49 2 51.50.49

1. Let P be the plane 3x + 2y + 3z =

(A) The points P,Q,R and S are NOT coplanar

is/are TRUE ? [JEE(Advanced) 2020]

Paragraph for Question No. 12 and 13

(A) sin(Q + R) (B) sin(P + R) (C) sin 2R (D) sin(P + Q)

Q. Let A1, A2, ......, An (n > 2) be the vertices of a 2. 2

2. Ans. (B) Sol.

1 1  1 1 1 Sol. Let P(α, β, γ)

Hence, R(α, β, –γ)

Sol. The normal vector of required plane is parallel

∴ The equation of required plane passing

distance of (0,1,0) from P3 is 1

∴ 2α – β + 2γ – 2 = 6 or 2α – β + 2γ – 2 = –6 Similarly L2(y = –x; z = –1) can be expressed as

(λ,–3λ,–5λ) Given that PQ is perpendicular to L1

∴ Equation of line 'L' is

Q : z 22 − z12 + z32 − z 22 + .... + z10

(A) −1 − 1 − y 2 (B) 1 + 1 + y 2 (C) 1 − 1 + y 2 (D) −1 + 1 − y 2

3iˆ + ˆj is 3 and if α = 2 + 3β , then possible value(s) of |α| is (are)

for positive integer 8 i8θ iθ iθ iθ 7

=  5  = 281 (+ve integer)

(C) locus of z is null set or singleton set or

(D) In this case locus of z is a line so L has y − bt ay

P(computer turns out to be defective given that is produced in plant T1)

= 10P(computer turns out to be defective given that it is produced in plant T2)

25. P(X > Y) is- [JEE(Advanced) 2016]

⇒ No. of ordered pairs = C 5 × 65!

for n(A) = 6. n(B) can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Total cases = 10+3–1C3–1 = 66

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