History Of USA

Introduction
The United States is the fourth largest country in the world in area (after Russia, Canada, and
China). The United States of America commonly known as the United States (U.S) or informally as
America, is a country primarily located in North America consisting of 50 states, a federal district, five
major unincorporated territories, nine Minor Outlying Islands. is the most populous country in the
Americas and the third-most populous in the world. The national capital of the United States is
Washington, D.C., and its most populous city is New York City.

The United States declared independence on July 4, 1776, becoming the first nation-state founded on
Enlightenment principles of unalienable natural rights, consent of the governed, and liberal democracy.

The United States government is a federal republic and a representative democracy with three
separate branches of government. It has a bicameral national legislature composed of the House of
Representatives, a lower house; and the Senate, an upper house based on equal representation for each
state.

Constitutional history
The drafting of the Constitution, often referred to as its framing, was completed at the Constitutional
Convention, which assembled at Independence Hall in Philadelphia between May 25 and September 17,
1787. Delegates to the convention were chosen by the state legislatures of 12 of the 13 original states.

The first proposal discussed, introduced by delegates from Virginia, called for a bicameral (two-house)
Congress that was to be elected on a proportional basis based on state population, an elected chief
executive, and an appointed judicial branch. An alternative to the Virginia Plan, known as the New
Jersey Plan, also called for an elected executive but retained the legislative structure created by the
Articles, a unicameral Congress where all states had one vote.

Constitution of USA
The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States of America. The U.S
constitution is the shortest constitution, it consist of 7 Articals only. The U.S constitution is amend 27
time in history. It superseded the Articles of Confederation, the nation's first constitution, in 1789. The
Constitution's first three articles embody the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal
government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress.

Article (I); the executive, consisting of the president and subordinate officers

Article (II); and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts

Article (III), Article IV, Article V, and Article VI embody concepts of federalism, describing the rights and
responsibilities of state governments, the states in relationship to the federal government, and the
shared process of constitutional amendment.
Article (VII) establishes the procedure subsequently used by the 13 states to ratify it.

The Constitution of the United States is the oldest and longest-standing written and codified national
constitution in force in the world today.

Constitutional amendment
Since the Constitution was ratified in 1789, it has been amended 27 times. The first ten amendments,
known collectively as the Bill of Rights, offer specific protections of individual liberty and justice and
place restrictions on the powers of government within the U.S. states. The majority of the 17 later
amendments expand individual civil rights protections. Others address issues related to federal
authority or modify government processes and procedures. Amendments to the United States
Constitution, unlike ones made to many constitutions worldwide, are appended to the document. The
original U.S. Constitution was handwritten on five pages of parchment by Jacob Shallus. The first
permanent constitution, it is interpreted, supplemented, and implemented by a large body of federal
constitutional law and has influenced the constitutions of other nations.

Evolution
The history of the lands that became the United States began with the arrival of the first people in the
Americas around 15,000 BC. Numerous indigenous cultures formed, and many saw transformations in
the 16th century away from more densely populated lifestyles and towards reorganized polities
elsewhere. The European colonization of the Americas began in the late 15th century, however most
colonies in what would later become the United States were settled after 1600.

The United States became the world's leading industrial power at the turn of the 20th century, due to an
outburst of entrepreneurship and industrialization and the arrival of millions of immigrant workers and
farmers. Mass dissatisfaction with corruption, inefficiency, and traditional politics stimulated the
Progressive movement, from the 1890s to the 1920s, leading to reforms, including the federal income
tax, direct election of Senators, granting of citizenship to many indigenous people, alcohol prohibition,
and women's suffrage.