Asstgnment

Aetytad heigene
he act o ckeattngachne putetm
functtenN that Aequve tnt'gente
putomed doy peop le
Jhe atomatton o a tivlieu wwhich ako¯ate
with man tthenkeng, activtiu sucio
deelrlem mahlng paoblem solw'nganing

2he stucy akour tonake cOmpitus

to le th hat whicnat thhe mont
b ettr

Explain ny applicaton AN
AIan be veRy ueul to elve Omle
niree probleu

machie tan play strouteqtcqames

Ueke chen th tak- toc ,wwhere the machie neeu
bo think a laqe me o pass lble placun
3. Robotiu
utnqAI we olewelop nteutgnt
*perience
AL
provialnq comjo etouti e edhe to the
e- comme ce indthy
PIO9 VAAOS
3. Name d Explcin approa chu of A: I
Jhere ane pproache to A I
4..Jhen hing hmanty
2
Aceing many
3.
Jhinkng Aationally
Acin Aati onaly
hin kim humanly
knon cognatie mÙceling!
appreach. we ane qoing te say that o
pregam thiks hen a w e
ike h mt have
Some way of oetemining oug huwmans think
need to qu 18nute the .actuol wwking
hunan mindu.
Jhee ale 3 wayps to ole this
thaough introsptcion
X
3.
thao ugh baain
tmagining
Jhis kuman
Jhe tuainq
ìn 1A50- t
tuut tuing
pasposed
by
tet approach
wos duiqned toþrovidte a
opaatienal
detininq of nt uiqence dhe Ga
olis ccplinee Compose mst af A-I
1.
Natualsal kanquaqe Protesing
Knouste dqe aepresentatfon
3: AwtD.mated Reos orning

5. Ro boti
6.
Compute wter Nirion.
 ao Known a

approach. Jhe oglcal thinneng i:e)

qod", Jhe quicelne c palnplu hae to be
te the
mmochinu irc t Se
that lt wil have fcmal ap paoach
behar low to the oqio
paoblem ot SCtuat n.11
ngceing
hane
tetine Aationally
hnoun
thenk ppaoach the
atudy o4 Aationo uqen
aational cqnt
hvironment tqnts Sene theweron
Tnent

that thouqhto
aci". humon the B e
Pn
aqent wwhere a a mochi
the
aqente

what is seanching? Name the diftexptl).

Suonchinq
pactblem &eluin n
the

AI. here onre some

6
player qome such as tile qame, Sudotes

eadt First
First Seanch)
Sedchehun
A
Q. Dep th Firs tSeoch
3.

A0* alqithm

Po9 VAAO
5kxpain heurlrtic seach technique.
+teurlstic, thhe mean to cir coyeuy
size o4 the scanch space by epecltyeng nitial
State, fenal s& tate andi a com lete ote
-dqe asolated teirtio techniee yohue
we cannet onfidentiallySay that it leod bo
thesucces Thtechniqie
theproblem cal uloting heieeic
vae we Con deide ohih methad (o

alqaithm Con be Enplement cote &e he

brobten

explain But First Seach i

A:
aherampe LS n
tt wku
intolmed methse
heiis tic vae tt s
Knnon
nching methad

StepaipKet oPEN be a
8tatt patobyqee contahiag
4 OPEN is
mpty
2 n fai lue
ede = Remoe
4 node is
qoal NthentaetwJ>the
poth fom initial Qoal me
else

yenerate
the
neoly qenerated madde nto OPE
accodnq to their heuistc value.
Plo9 VAA
 A 3ta qtuen
ey
nitial
Stralght nne
clistah ce
Anole
ohere

D-3s
H

Palenlty quee Tkaveauing

A

ethd

OF

Best path iAC’F’G

nd
Gtve the
Ewpla'n wstk an example
de A* algaithm
Step1 : lace the tantinq nede n
Stpa: open e tmpty then top
&etuinfeu'luee
Step3 : Renoue tom Opn the tot
hashe &mallut value of tCn), a
odes q0al noce and & s ret
alaeacy paent o epen o lsLattach
bct polntu
place lt On
then conmpute t(x)
open
Stephikxpand qenerat on
andplace cloed fo uey
opn clos ed atta h a ba dk
pontee; te Compute fC«) and Plae
t on
opn
Stp5: Each i.e, alaeady
should. beattacched to back þotntes
which Atet the lowet
wa n lesec porntu wpu
Chanqed
Ltun te
Renove t Ond
plasa or open

E: |2
5

tt
Stort Goal
2

3
 Conlder

Scde3+5+0=

But Pat Sde ’s

Jhe Áimar l g e i t h abace tacKng

ont ganet that nDemn

belng the
 tiony.
uu twe fun
Jhe minimar lqoithm
MOVEGEN mover that
nerate a l the pO,&'ble
t cUrent pox tion
the
cOn be qenerat ed to

STATIC VALUATLON
etu vale depeneling up on
the qoodne om the
plaerd
mox

min (B)-1)
ma D

A’C’F
But Patu ’

. hat ae the advantaqu cund diadvantugu

A:Adrantoqu
is cOmplete and eptimal.
3, 4t , ied to ecomplek problemipi

1.
Siadvantaqu
action hasfixed
Jhe 3peed is hiqhly dependent Dn

Pog VNN
 the hwirtic vale.

thot

Hon 0. qive the algaithm fet Ao* aqothm

Erp laun with an CxOmple
A:
AO algaithm
mode on OPE NI
the statíng moc
Stty 1: Plac
4t promislng solt
Styk: ComnputeTO. the most
thee
thot is bo th n OPE N
Stey 3 : Slect a
and a
modle
menber 04 TO. RemoVe tt ton oPEN

and place it ln
the teminol qol moee then
lereled 8elved and levele a l
as &olved. tthe
he an cestoi n
then
marted cu 8ove
madde
staatinq
&ucces ond sotvable node, thenmak
Step 5: 4 wnselvable. Starti ng nede
n as iturfa'ue
maked wnet vob le. then
and

Stey i Retun

D)Cio)
()B) )

C)
 AB. C A’D
Consider Considey Costi cu 1

(A

Be) (c

Ci) (4) C4)

4egth(n)
4(64F) = 4+4 +lt|=o

A’ D
bes t pata
 hat ae the advantoqu and diad vantogu
A0* Seanching?
tcdl vantq
S the tr aveuing ac to the
O4nodee then t su DR aund AND

9t s an
optímal alqotithm.
Riadvantaqu
L. More omples than Othe alqoith
Jt can't
f'nd the op tÉmal poth when!
unelvable paerent

men end
7MEA LS
impstont concept tn 4E
becae it nhance poblen esoutfon t
8olve protblems
the qaal|
utablhng the actfon plan. Jh
achnique combines foiward & backware
te &tre com ple problem.

J kxpain alpha beta utojf with an erample.

Apha beta & cdvanced at ot
minimay. tt i the mthod tot aeducin the
mnbe 0f mods <xp loed ln the mirinan
seategy

PIO9 VAH
&e:

(0 2 1 | l 2 |4
3

-2

min

Tem
3
10 2 11 12 149 134
Cuta Cuto)

Bet
potl

min

ma 3

2!

A 7
13

wtot
 What &pace 4earch?
tt ls a proce ln wohieh suceestve conglqu
atioru statu ot iutan ce ale considesed
wwith the Pntetion oy finding a 8tate sh
the derd proputy

and ds advntaquy
(S What

q
ase
aduantaq
But Fist Sach !
the

tdvantaqu 4dne than that of. BFS

nd DES

dime compleni by
Beadth First Soeh

Suad vantaqer
t. t Coveu distan ce

1)3

16. Solve
30
A

28

(
J K (L) (M)
 A
B
F

B(Lo)

But pat =
AB’F

tr

Corstde Rorn S
 and consiole s A
back te step

Cro)
SA’E 6t6t 4= l6.

Consiler om
to
SAE>F= 6+6t4+l I

SAE B6t6 tbtl3 # 31:

SAEF
Stepsi
SAEFGa bt6 t4t+0= (9

31

But Path ’SAEFG

minimar alqotithm

M)
3 1.
Step & Cênstder he
aNmum velue d

(M

Steha: on tdu te ninimuum vaer

(8)0

ma
N
26

3
6

max
A) ) min

min max

H
3 2
3
Steps

Best patl = A’C’G’0. min

6 S
 alpha beta cutott.
alqaithmn

lo

Stepi:

6 |6

min

maa )(r)
Ro
1

min =6

troj

Po9 VAUas
H Ryine poblem Enplatn th Stote pace
pautation method of a problem wth an
xonle ohich ie to be etyed
DT t the qestfon
problem it meeds to be
fo soving the meo
deyinlten
pe circly dyinedgoal- Thegtote, othee volid stetes
the Btot state
trasltlo
tdmulatio
be : Jhe lght etle puzzle paoblem
gkt tile puyle o a Bby 3
consat Oa
Jhe which hold 8
(3* 3) Aquare frane board
movoble ttle mumbd 1 te 2. One Aaoe
be
the adËacent
£hiftd The dbicetie of the nda
Ele ovement hat leads om
a Ltosting contiq uaation te a qoal cont'qura
-tien.

3 B 1 to be 1 3
6 S trartomed.