Number and the laws of arithmetic

1) Look at each number

sentence. Put a tick if it is
correct.
Put a cross if it is incorrect.
a 9×2=2×9 ( )
b 2 × 7 × 5 = 10 × 7 ( )
c 15 − 3 × 4 = 48 ( )

2) Write the missing

number.

17 × 24 = 17 × ×6

3) Explain whether each calculation will give an answer equal to the

product of 12 and 6.
a 3×4×6

b 8×4×6

c 2 × 12 × 3

4) Complete these calculations.

a b
5) Calculate:

a 6+8÷4=

b 8×7−3=

c 7−3×2=

Tip: Remember you must multiply or divide before you add or subtract.

6) Write the missing numbers.

a 3× + 4 = 10

b 2×8− = 14

c 6+7× = 20

d 8÷ −3=1

7) Are the following statements true or

false? Explain your answer.
a 8×3×3=8×9

b 8×3+3=8×6
 8) Helga writes
7 + 9 × 5 = 80. Is she correct?
Explain your answer.

9) Ying calculates 7 × 5 × 8 × 2 mentally.

He says, ‘I can find the answer by multiplying 56 by 10.’
Explain how Ying knows this.

10) Calculate

a) 2 + 3 × 5 =

b) 6 × 4 – 6 =

c) 2 + 6 ÷ 3 =

d) 9 ÷ 3 – 3 =

e) 10 + 20 ÷ 4 =
11) Complete this calculation.

12) Explain how to change the order of the numbers in these calculations so
they can be done mentally.
a 50 × 19 × 2

b 25 × 15 × 8

13) Calculate:

a 25 + 16 ÷ 4 =

b 46 − 3 × 9 =

c 8 × 7 − 13 =
Solve the code

Name three consecutive days without using the words

Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday or Sunday.

Solve the number problems. Match each answer to a letter in the key.

1 4+6×2= letter 6 25 – 4 × 5 = letter

2 3×5+7= letter 7 32 ÷ 8 + 10 = letter
3 6+8÷2= letter 8 20 ÷ 4 + 7 = letter
4 30 – 4 × 7 = letter 9 12 – 6 ÷ 2 = letter
5 36 ÷ 4 – 2 = letter 10 27 – 4 × 3 = letter

Key:

22 20 18 7 12 5 15 16 9 2 14 10

Y N B S A O M T W D R E

Match the question number to the letter that stands for the answer to that question.
It will give you the answer to the riddle.

,
             

and
       
Complete the sentences with words from the box and write an example for questions 1 to 5.

regrouping commutative decompose distributive associative

1 The law means that when we add or multiply more than two

numbers, we can do them in any order.

For example:

2 The law means that when we add or multiply two numbers,

we can do them in any order.

For example:

3 The law means that when we multiply two numbers,

we can break them into two other multiplication facts.

For example:

4 When we a number, we break it into parts such as hundreds,

tens and ones.

For example:

5 is changing the way the same number is written.

For example: