PEARL CRIS M.

SABELLANO

HAMLET

"Hamlet" is one of William Shakespeare's most famous and enduring plays, written
around 1600. The tragedy revolves around the Prince of Denmark, Hamlet, who is
deeply affected by the sudden death of his father, King Hamlet. The play delves into
themes of revenge, madness, and existential questioning.

The story begins with the appearance of King Hamlet's ghost, who reveals that he was
murdered by his brother, Claudius, who subsequently married Queen Gertrude. Hamlet,
shocked by this revelation, vows to avenge his father's death. However, Hamlet's
contemplative nature leads him into a state of indecision and internal conflict, and he
struggles with the moral implications of revenge.

Throughout the play, Hamlet's erratic behavior raises questions about his sanity. He
devises a plan to expose Claudius's guilt through a play-within-a-play, which mirrors the
circumstances of his father's murder. This theatrical performance elicits a strong
reaction from Claudius, confirming Hamlet's suspicions. Meanwhile, Hamlet's
relationship with Ophelia, a woman he once loved, becomes strained due to his
unpredictable behavior.

As the tension escalates, Hamlet mistakenly kills Polonius, Ophelia's father, thinking he
is Claudius. Ophelia, driven to madness by her father's death and Hamlet's erratic
behavior, ultimately drowns. This tragedy fuels Laertes, Polonius's son, and Claudius's
desire for revenge against Hamlet.

The play reaches its climax with a fencing match between Hamlet and Laertes, where
both are fatally wounded. Before his death, Hamlet finally kills Claudius, fulfilling his
promise to avenge his father. The play concludes with a power vacuum in Denmark as
Fortinbras, the Prince of Norway, assumes control.
One of the most iconic lines in "Hamlet" is from Act 3, Scene 1, where Hamlet
contemplates the pains of life and the inevitability of death: "To be, or not to be: that is
the question." This soliloquy captures Hamlet's internal struggle, questioning the value
of existence and the merits of enduring life's hardships. The phrase has become a
cultural touchstone, often quoted and referenced in various contexts.

The brilliance of "Hamlet" lies in its exploration of the human psyche, the complexities of
morality, and the consequences of revenge. The play's enduring appeal stems from its
rich characterizations, intricate plot, and profound philosophical themes. Hamlet's
internal conflict and the moral dilemmas he faces resonate with audiences, making the
play a timeless masterpiece that continues to captivate and provoke thought centuries
after its creation.