INTRODUCTION

Polyvinyl-Chloride (PVC) is a plastic product which has matchless versatility. It

effectively replaces wood, paper and metal in several applications. As such plastic pipes have
been progressively replacing conventional pipes like G.I., Cast iron, Asbestos cement or stone-
ware for a number of important and uses. Among the various types of plastic pipes which are
commonly used for such applications PVC pipes are the most widely used all over the world on
account of their most favorable balance of properties. PVC pipes are light in weight, rates for
use under pressure, easy to install, low functional loss, low on maintenance cost, and have low
functional loss. Rigid PVC pipes have wide variety of uses in fields like city/town/rural water
supply scheme, spray irrigation, deep tube well schemes and land drainage schemes.
Plastics are also called synthetic resins and are broadly classified into two categories;
thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resins. The thermosetting resins include phenol resin and
melamine resin, which are thermally hardened and never soften again. Thermoplastic resins
include PVC, polyethylene(PE), polystyrene(PS) and polypropylene(PP), which can be softened
again by heating. Usually, thermoplastics are supplied in the form of pelletized material
(compounds) with additives (anti- oxidants, etc.) already blended in it. However, PVC is
supplied in powder form and long term storage is possible since the material is resistant to
oxidizing and degradation. Various additives and pigments are added to PVC during the
processing stage, and then molded and fabricated into PVC products. PVC is better known as
bineel (vinyl) in Japan. This is due to the fact that PVC products, in the form of films or sheets,
were widely used among the public after World War II, and these products were simply called
bineel. When these PVC products that are soft to the touch first landed Japan, where only rigid
thermosetting resins had been known, they left a very strong impression among the population.
This is how bineel mistakenly became a synonym for all soft films including polyethylene
films.

MARKET POTENTIAL
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 PVC pipes are used for a variety of purposes e.g. water supply schemes, spray irrigation,
deep tube well schemes and land drainage schemes. PVC slotted and corrugated pipes are ideal
systems for drainages of water from land where water logging is inevitable. It is widely used by
various utility services now-a-days too. The major consumer of PVC pipes are the Public Health
Engineering Department (PHED) and Irrigation Departments. Besides these two, it is used by
the Municipal Corporations, Tea estates as well as in N.E. Region. The usage of PVC pipes also
depends upon the size of these pipes too. It is manufactured in different sizes having
innumerable usage value.
The World Bank has recently given top priority in rural water supply in developing and under-
developed countries. India has also received large amounts from World Bank aid for Rural
Water Supply Schemes. However, due to the acute shortage of appliances including pipes this
money could not be utilized to a large extent in our country. Thus PVC/HDPE pipe
manufacturing industry has received higher priority. The requirement of PVC pipes in N.E.
Region is around 10,000 MT out of which the requirement in Assam is more than 50% followed
by Tripura and other five states of N.E. Region. At present there exist around 5 PVC pipes
manufacturing units in the region.
Plant Capacity: The production basis for a typical tiny unit would be as under: Working
hours/day : 8 (1 shift) Working days in a year : 300 Annual Production capacity : 150 MT
PVC Pipes as follows:
Sl.No. Dia of the pipe (mm) Production in length (meter)
Weight per running meter (Kgs.)
Total production (MT)
1. 90 75,000 1,000 75.00 2. 110 53,571 1,415 75.00
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The unit has been assumed to operate at 70%, 80% and 90% of its installed capacity in the first,
second and third year and onwards of its operation.

THE EARLY HISTORY OF PVC PIPES

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 “Many of you have expressed a curiosity about the historical development of PVC pipe.
In response to your requests, we provide you with this brief early history of PVC pipes and
fittings.
PVC was discovered as early as1835, but the first definite report of the polymerization o
vinyl chloride did not come until about 35 years later. At that time, the material was to be
reported to be an off-white solid that could be heated to 130 degree C without degradation.
PVC remained laboratory curiosity for many years, probably because of its intractable
nature. The polymer was inert to most chemicals and very tough(strong). These properties
eventually led scientist to consider PVS for applications where durability and toughness were
desirable.
In 1912 the first industrial developments were initiated in Germany. Throughout the
1920’s, attempts were made to use PVC copolymers that easier process than PVC. These early
attempts were only marginally successful.
By 1932, the first tubes made from aPVC copolymer were produced. Nearly three years
later the first PVC pipes were produced using a roll mill and hydraulic extruder.This two steps
process involved melting the PVC powder on a roll mill and rolling the sheet produced up to a
billet. The PVC Could then be processed in a discontinuously working ram extruder to make
pipe. This process was adapted from that used for celluloid and was really ill-fittedfor PVC. As
a result, the products were often oh dubiousquality.
Never –the-less, these earlyPVC pipes were deemed suitable for drinking water supply
piping and waste water piping because of their chemical resistance, lack of taste or odor and
smooth interior surface. From 1936 to 1939 over 400 residences were installed with PVC
drinking water and waste pipelines in central Germany. Various test pipelines of PVC was laid
in Leipzig,
Both the pipelines for chemicals and those for water supply and waste water came upto
expectations, as did the test pipe lines in the cities mentioned above, apart from damage caused
by World War 2. The PVC pipes installed in central Germany are still in use today without any
major problems. In retrospect, these first PVC pipes had been made before their time, before the
material compounds and machines for their manufacture had been perfected. It was not until
1950 that the systematic development ofextrusion technology began. Prior to this, the
manufacture of PVC pipe remained make shift and the use of PVC pies did not become
widespread.

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 The 1950’s and 1960’s were decades of dramatic advances for PVC pipe and fitting
technology. Encouraged by the results obtained from the primitive pre-war PVC pipelines,
several European and American companies realized the enormous potential for PVC pipes.
These companies pursued the technology, both in formulation and processing. Systematic
research and trials were successful in the development of effective stabilizers, lubricant and
processing aids together with processing machinery engineered specifically for PVC. During
this time period, PVC pipe began competing with traditional products in a number of major
markets, such as: gas distribution; sewer and drainage; water distribution; electrical conduit;
chemical processing; and drain, waste and vent piping.”
(Reprinted with the permission of the UNI-BELL PVC pipe Association)
The Indian pipe industry with presence across all the categories of pipe (steel, cement
and plastic) has become a major exporting hub to the regions like Middle East, US and Europe
due to its location advantage and global accreditations. Also the lower oil and gas pipe line
penetration level in India provides huge opportunity for laying new pipeline infrastructure in the
country, considering its vast geographical area.
The operating environment for the Indian pipe industry was challenging during 2012.
The steel pipe companies expanded their capacities domestically as well as globally during the
last couple of years, which led to excess capacities. Hence, most of the domestic players had to
resort lower margin orders domestically to maintain their order books. The higher input and
finance costs significantly eroded their profitability margins.
CARE research expects the demand for Indian pipe industry to improve from 2014 and
remain healthy over the long term, both on the global as well as domestic fronts, on the back of
increasing demand arising from oil, gas & infrastructure projects. Enhanced global energy
demand arising from increasing population and economic spending in the emerging market will
lead to need for higher exploration and product(E&P) activity, giving boost to the demand for
steel pipe segment. Shale gas discovery is likely to increase demand or pipeline infrastructure
globally.
CARE Researches report on the ‘Indian Pipe Industry’ seeks to answer questions such
as: What is the estimated steel and plastic pipes demand over the next five years? What is the
current level of SAW, ERW, DI and seamless pipe capacities expected capacities? What is the
estimated domestic and global demand for pipes from oil&gas segment? What is the estimated
SAW pipe demand arising from replacement market? What are the key cost components

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incurred by Indian pipe companies? What are the price realization trends for major pipe
players?
CARE Research also provide outlook on the pipes industry demand including exports
demand. We have estimated demand within each segment of steel pipes like SAW, Seamless,
DI pipes etc. the report takes in to account several initiatives undertaken by the Indian
Government to provide basic water supply and sanitation also emphasizes on oil and gas sector
expansion plans domestically and globally.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 To know about the organization strategy.
 To analyze the performance of AMCO PIPE INDUSTRIES.
 To make suitable suggestions based upon the observations of the study.

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  To familiarize with the environment of the organization.
 To bridge the gap between theoritical knowledge and practical knowledge.

INDUSTRY PROFILE

MANAGING DIRECTOR Mrs.R.SUMATHI

NAME OF THE COMPANY Sri Vengadeshwara plastick’s.

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 ADDRESS 2/246 UNJAVELAMPATTI,
UDUMALPET ROAD,
POLLACHI, TAMILNADU-642 003

PHONE NUMBER 90953 03095

99409 69884

VISION AND MISION

VISION
‘Focus the organization on the execution of its strategy’

MISSION
‘To deliver water and energy to the world in the most efficient way’

OBJECTIVES OF THE COMPANY

1. Manufacturing agricultural pipes and PVC pipes.
2. To giveemployment to many unemployed people and thereby to make profit.
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 3. To pay costs, charges and expenses of promotion and establishment of the
company.
Core Values
Respect for people
We respect every employee and strive to provide an interesting and inclusive
environment where they can express their enthusiasm and realize their full potential.
Passion for Growth
Enhance lives of people by providing products which helps in water conservation

Business integrity
We are proud to stand by integrity in all our dealings and follow the highest standards
of business ethics.

PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT
Production is process of making inputs into outputs or transformation of rawmaterials
into finished products. The plant work as one shift, the time period has of 8 hours.

Raw Material

The main raw material required compounded PVC resin. Presently both PVC&
Polyethylene Plastics raw materials are indigenously manufactured. Other compounding
materials like Plastisizers, Stabilizers, Lubricants and fillers are also manufactured in India. No

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problem is envisaged for procurement of PVC resin and the other required compounding
materials. The raw materials required are as follows:

 PVC resin :150.00MT

 DOP: 6.80 MT
 Stabilizers :3.20 MT
 Processing acids : 1.20 MT
 Colorant:0.70 MT
 Filler: 10.20 MT

Process

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 The various process steps involved in the manufacture of PVC pipes are as follows:

 Extrusion
 Sizing
 Traction

 Cutting

Extrusion

PVC uncompounded resin, unlike some other thermoplastics is not suitable for direct
processing and end instability, it is necessary to mix additives to the PVC resin. Following are
some of the addittives which are generally used for the manufacture of rigid pipes.

Plasticizers: The common plasticizer in use is DOP,DIOP,DBP,DOA, DEP, Reoplast,

Paraplex etc..

Stabilizers: The common stabilizers are lead, barium, cadmium, tip, stearate etc..

Lubricants:widely used lubricants are Buty-Sterate, Glycerol Moni-Sterate, and Exposidised

Monoester of oleic acid, stearic acid etc..

Fillers: Fillers are also used for producing special quality product (e.g. calcined clay is used
to improve the electrical properties of cable compounds).

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Sizing:

The pipes coming out from the extruder is cooled in the sizing operation. There are
basically two types of sizing is used for manufacturing of pipes. They are:

 Pressure sizing
 Vacuum sizing
Traction:

The last operation is needed is cutting. There are basically two cutting techniques for
rigid PVC pipes viz. manual and automatic. The pipes are then tented for ISI marks and are
ready for Dispatching.

Machinery:

The major equipment required for the unit are as follows:

 Windsor Model TSC-80 Rigid pipe plant for pipes 90 and 110 mm OD -1no.
 High speed mixer capacity 100 kgs with controls and cooling arrangement-1no.
 Heavy duty scrap grinder- 1no/.
 Over head water tank-1no.
 Air compressor 2HP- 1no.
 Pipe storage racks – 10 nos.

MARKETING DEPARTMENT
Marketing means working with markets (i.e.) trying to potential exchanges for the
purchase of satisfying human needs and wants. Marketing may be defined as human activity

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directed at satisfying needs and wants through exchange processes. Marketing in its broad
meaning includes the policy, techniques and methods necessary for selling and distribution.
Without marketing function, goods and services cannot be sold.
Marketing department is only income generating department, all other departments
generate payment or cost, it does not mean all other departments are burden to firm, every
generating of satisfied customer etc.
SRI VENGADESHWARA PLASTICK’S marketed their products it include PVC
PIPES,sales manager is the head of the department. The brand name of “SRI
VENGADESHWARA PLASTICK’S” reduce their marketing effort. Sri Vengadeshwara
plastick’s following direct and indirect sale to customer.
Marketing is the total commercial and support activities of any enterprises to effect sales
of company and products or services. While fixing the rate of yarn, the marketing manager
considers the following factors.
 The nature and extent of demand
 The long and short term costs of manufacturing and selling the product
 The competitive reaction
 The sales promotion strategies
 The channels of distribution
 Profit margin
In addition to that the following charges are:

 Lorry Freight
 Godown rent
 Insurance
 Brokerage
 Bank charges
 Basic excise duty
 Additional excise duty

Objectives of marketing department

 Increasing purchase
 Creation of goodwill

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  Cost reduction
 Price stability
 Profit through customer satisfaction
 Ensure growth
 Providing wide chose of goods
 Improving quality of life
 Retaining customers
 Achieving certain market share
 Reaching a certain level of sale
 Increasing sailing existing market
 Market development
Sale promotion media of SRI VENGADESHWARA PLASTICK’S
 Local television advertisement
 Local newspaper advertisement
 Outdoor advertisement
 Field executives
 Magazines advertisement
Sale promotion in SRI VENGADESHWARA PLASTICK’S
Sales promotion is a key element of marketing department. Its importance and
objectives are same than marketing department given below.
 Immediate purchase
 To influence the customer for buying the product
 Make the efforts of whole sellers and sales personal more effective
 To attract new customer
 To meet competition
 To popularize the product so as to stimulate the demand

QUANTITY AND QUALITY

 The company doesn’t adopt any perfect methodology for the quantity of inputs.
 The company is very sure about the outputs.
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  The maximum quantity of output produced per day is 10,000 kg.
 The company also expects certain measures of quality in every aspect of functions of the
company i.e. from purchase to the sale.

CONCLUSION

The Industrial Training Research at SRI VENGADESHWARA PLASTICK’S, Training

for a period of 15 days is very useful: Where I could able to gain lots of information about
fabrics industry.

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 I came to know that the performance of the organization goes on at increasing rate
because of the efficient management and effective decision-making. They have not faced any
problem in the sales area because the quality of yarn produced is very high. The management
maintains good relationship with workers and makes them happy and satisfied by means of
monetary and other benefits.
The factory is using machines for quality control. So that they can lay for their
production more efficiently and increase their sales. Lastly, I would like to conclude that factory
is performing efficiently because of good administration and sound policies followed.

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PHOTOS

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