11 MATHEMATICS (VOLUME-I)

(Easy 5-marks, 3-marks and 2-marks for Slow Leaners to get Pass mark)

Easy 5 Mark Question and Answer

−𝒙 + 𝟒 ; −∞ < 𝒙 ≤ −𝟑 (i) 𝑓(−4) = −𝑥 + 4 iii) 𝑓(−2) = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥

𝒙 + 𝟒 ; −𝟑 < 𝒙 < −𝟐
𝟏) 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙 ; −𝟐 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟏 Write = +4 + 4 = 8 = 4+2 =6
𝒙 − 𝒙𝟐 ; 𝟏 ≤ 𝒙 < 𝟕 ii) 𝑓(1) = 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 iv) 𝑓(7) = 0
{ 𝟎 ; 𝒐𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒘𝒊𝒔𝒆
= 1−1 =0 v) 𝑓(0) = 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = 0
the values of ‘f’ at −𝟒 , 𝟏, −𝟐, 𝟕, 𝟎

𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 𝑘
7𝑘 = 14 ⇒ 𝑘 = 2
2) If A and B are two sets so that ⇒ 𝑛(𝐴 − 𝐵) = 2𝑘 & 𝑛(𝐵 − 𝐴) = 4𝑘
𝑛(𝐴) = 𝑛(𝐴 − 𝐵) + 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
n ( B − A) = 2 n ( A − B ) = 4 n ( A B ) and if 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)
𝑛(𝐴) = 6
n(A B ) = 14 then find n  P ( A )  . = 𝑛(𝐴 − 𝐵) + 𝑛(𝐵 − 𝐴) + 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
𝑛[𝑃(𝐴)] = 2𝑛 = 26 = 64
= 7𝑘

3) In a survey of 5000 persons in a town, it was found

that 45% of the persons know Language A, 25% know
Only Language A = 39%
Language B, 10% know Language C, 5% know
Languages A and B, 4% know Languages B and C, and No. of persons who knows only Language A
4% know Languages A and C. If 3% of the persons 39
= 5000 × 100 = 1950
know all the three Languages, find the number of
persons who knows only Language A.

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 i) Reflexive :
𝑚 − 𝑚 = 0 ; multiple of 12
4) In the set Z of integers, define mRn if m-n is a ⇒ m R m ; R-is reflexive
multiple of 12. Prove that R is an equivalence ii) Symmetric :
relation. 𝑚 − 𝑛 = 12𝑘 ⇒ 𝑛 − 𝑚 = −12𝑘
∴ 𝑚𝑅𝑛 ⇒ 𝑛𝑅𝑚
R- is symmetric
(iii) Transitive :
𝑚 − 𝑛 = 12𝑘 & 𝑛 − 𝑝 = 12𝑙
⟹ 𝑚 − 𝑝 = 12(𝑘 + 𝑙)
⇒𝑚𝑅𝑝 ; R-is transitive
∴ R-is an equivalence relation

i) Reflexive :
𝑚 − 𝑚 = 0 ; multiple of 7 (iii) Transitive :
5) In the set Z of integers, define mRn if m − n is ⇒ m R m ; R-is reflexive 𝑚 − 𝑛 = 7𝑘 & 𝑛 − 𝑝 = 7𝑙
divisible by 7. Prove that R is an equivalence ii) Symmetric : ⟹ 𝑚 − 𝑝 = 7(𝑘 + 𝑙)
relation. ⇒𝑚𝑅𝑝 ; R-is transitive
𝑚 − 𝑛 = 7𝑘 ⇒ 𝑛 − 𝑚 = −7𝑘
∴ 𝑚𝑅𝑛 ⇒ 𝑛𝑅𝑚 ∴ R-is an equivalence relation
R- is symmetric

i) Reflexive:
6) On the set of natural numbers let R be the relation 𝑁 = {1,2,3,4,5,6, … } (4,4), (5,5) ∉ 𝑅 not reflexive
defined by aRb if a + b  6 . Write down the relation 𝑎 + 𝑏 ≤ 6 then ii) Symmetric :
by listing all the pairs. Check whether it is (1,2) ∈ R ⇒ (2,1) ∈ 𝑅; R is symmetric
(1,1), (1,2), (1,3), (1,4), (1,5),
i) reflexive ii) symmetric iii) transitive iii) Transitive:
𝑅 = { (2,1), (2,2), (2,3), (2,4), (3,1) }
iv) equivalence. (4,1), (1,4) ∈ R ⇒ (4,4) ∉ 𝑅
(3,2), (3,3), (4,1), (4,2), (5,1) R is not transitive
iv) R-is not an equivalence relation

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 3 g ∘ f = Ix & f ∘ g = Iy
7) If f : R → R is defined by f ( x ) = 2 x − 3 , prove 𝑦+3 f, g are bijective functions
𝑥= =𝑔
that f is a Bijection and find its inverse. 2
(𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)𝑥 = 𝑔[2𝑥 − 3] = 𝑥 ஃ inverse of f-is
𝑦+3 𝒙+𝟑
(𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)𝑦 = 𝑓 [ ]=𝑦 𝒇−𝟏 =
2 𝟐

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 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 5 g ∘ f = Ix & f ∘ g = Iy
𝑦+5 f, g are bijective functions
8) If f : R → R is defined by f ( x ) = 3 x − 5 , prove 𝑥= =𝑔
3
that f is a bijection and find its inverse. (𝑔 ∘ 𝑓)𝑥 = 𝑔[3𝑥 − 5] = 𝑥 ஃ inverse of f-is
𝑦+5 𝒙+𝟓
(𝑓 ∘ 𝑔)𝑦 = 𝑓 [ ]=𝑦 𝒇−𝟏 =
3 𝟑
𝒙 ≤ 𝟎 ⇒ (𝒇 ∘ 𝐠)(𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙
2𝑥 − (−𝑥) = 3𝐱 ; 𝑥 ≤ 0
9) Let f , g : R → R be defined as f ( x ) = 2 x − x and 𝑓(𝑥) = {
2𝑥 − (+𝑥) = 𝐱 ; 𝑥 > 0 𝒙 > 𝟎 ⇒ (𝒇 ∘ 𝐠)(𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙
g ( x ) = 2 x + x . Find f g and g f For all x
2𝑥 + (−𝑥) = 𝐱 ; 𝑥 ≤ 0
𝑔(𝑥) = {
2𝑥 + (+𝑥) = 3𝐱 ; 𝑥 > 0
(𝒇 ∘ 𝐠)(𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙

𝒙 ≤ 𝟎 ⇒ (𝒇 ∘ 𝐠)(𝒙) = 𝟎 = (𝐠°𝒇)(𝒙)
(−𝑥) + x = 0 ; 𝑥 ≤ 0 𝒙 > 𝟎 ⇒ (𝒇 ∘ 𝐠)(𝒙) = 𝟎 = (𝐠°𝒇)(𝒙)
10) If f , g : R → R are defined by f ( x ) = x + x 𝑓(𝑥) = {
(+𝑥) + 𝑥 = 2𝐱 ; 𝑥 > 0 For all x
and g ( x ) = x − x find g f and f g (−𝑥) − 𝑥 = −2𝐱 ; 𝑥 ≤ 0
𝑔(𝑥) = { (𝒇 ∘ 𝐠)(𝒙) = 𝟎
(+𝑥) − 𝑥 = 0 ;𝑥 > 0
(𝐠°𝒇)(𝒙) = 𝟎

11) Draw the graph of the functions iii) 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 1)2

i) 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 (ii) 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏

i) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2
iii) 𝒇(𝒙) = (𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟐 (ii) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1

12) From the curve y = x , draw

i) y = x − 1 + 1 ii) y = x + 1 − 1
iii) y = x + 2 − 3
i) y = x − 1 + 1 ii) y = x + 1 − 1 iii) y = x + 2 − 3

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13) Using the graph of 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑 draw the graph of
(i) 𝒚 = −𝒙𝟑 (ii) 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑 + 𝟏 (iii) 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑 − 𝟏 (𝑖) 𝑦 = −𝑥 3 (iii) 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 1
3
(iv) 𝒚 = (𝒙 + 𝟏)𝟑 (ii) 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1 (iv) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)3
With the same scale.

14) From the curve y = sin x draw the graph of

the function
i) y = sin ( − x ) ii) y = sin ( 2 x )
y = sin x  
  ii) y = sin ( 2 x ) iii) y = sin  − x
iii) y = sin  − x  i) y = sin ( − x )
2  2 

𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥
= 𝑘 ⇒ 𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐱 = 𝐤(𝐲 − 𝐳) 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑧 = 0
log x log y log z 𝑦−𝑧
15) If = = then prove that 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦
y−z z−x x− y = 𝑘 ⇒ 𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐲 = 𝐤(𝐳 − 𝐱) log(𝑥𝑦𝑧) = 0
𝑧−𝑥
𝒙𝒚𝒛 = 𝟏 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑧 𝑥𝑦𝑧 = 1
= 𝑘 ⇒ 𝐥𝐨𝐠𝐳 = 𝐤(𝐱 − 𝐲)
𝑥−𝑦
𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 = 7𝑎𝑏 (
𝑎+𝑏 2
) = 𝑎𝑏
𝟐 𝟐
16) If 𝒂 + 𝒃 = 𝟕𝒂𝒃 then prove that 3

𝒂+𝒃 𝟏 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝟐𝐚𝐛 = 7𝑎𝑏 + 𝟐𝐚𝐛 𝑎+𝑏 2

𝒍𝒐𝒈 ( ) = 𝟐 (𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒂 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒃) 𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( 3
) = log (𝑎𝑏)
𝟑
2 2
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝟐𝐚𝐛 = 9𝑎𝑏 𝑎+𝑏 1
𝑙𝑜𝑔 ( ) = 2 (𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏)
3
𝟑𝟐
𝟕𝟓 𝐥𝐨𝐠 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔32 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔243
𝐥𝐨𝐠 = log75 − log16 𝟐𝟒𝟑
𝟏𝟔
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔16 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔81
𝟕𝟓 𝟓 𝟑𝟐
17) Prove that 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝟏𝟔 − 𝟐𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝟗 + 𝒍𝒐𝒈 𝟐𝟒𝟑 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐 = log3 + log25 − log16
Adding all
𝟓 25
𝟐𝐥𝐨𝐠 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔25 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔81 75 5 32
𝟗 91 𝑙𝑜𝑔 − 2𝑙𝑜𝑔 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2
16 9 243

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 6𝑥 − 5 = 𝐴(𝑥 − 3) + 𝐵(𝑥 − 2)
x2 +x+1 6𝑥−5
18) Resolve into partial fractions: dividing, =1+ 6𝑥 − 5 −𝟕 𝟏𝟑
x2 −5x+6 𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6 = +
𝐱 𝟐 +𝐱+𝟏 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6 𝑥 − 2 𝑥 − 3
6𝑥−5 𝐴 𝐵
𝐱 𝟐 −𝟓𝐱+𝟔 = + x2 + x + 1 −7 13
𝑥 2 −5𝑥+6 𝑥−2 𝑥−3
= 1 + +
x 2 − 5x + 6 𝑥−2 𝑥−3

solving,
19) Resolve into partial fractions:
2x 𝐴 𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶
2
= + 2 𝐴 = 1 ; 𝐵 = −1 ; 𝐶 = 1
𝟐𝐱
(x + 1)(x − 1) 𝑥 − 1 𝑥 + 1
(𝐱 𝟐 +𝟏)(𝐱−𝟏) 2𝑥 = 𝐴(𝑥 2 + 1) + (𝐵𝑥 + 𝐶)(𝑥 − 1) 2x 1 −1𝑥 + 1
= + 2
(x 2 + 1)(x − 1) 𝑥 − 1 𝑥 +1

solving,
20) Resolve into partial fractions:
x+1 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
= + + 𝐴 = −2 ; 𝐵 = −1 ; 𝐶 = 2
𝐱+𝟏 𝑥 2 (x − 1) 𝑥 𝑥 2 𝑥 − 1
𝒙𝟐 (𝐱−𝟏) 𝑥 + 1 = 𝐴𝑥(𝑥 − 1) + 𝐵(𝑥 − 1) + 𝐶𝑥 2 x+1 −2 −1 2
= + +
𝑥 2 (x − 1) 𝑥 𝑥2 𝑥 − 1
1 1 3 + √8 1
= × = 𝟑 + √𝟖 = √𝟔 + √𝟓
3 − √8 3 − √8 3 + √8 √6 − √5
21) Simplify: 1 1 √8 + √7 1
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 = × = √𝟖 + √𝟕 = √𝟓 + 𝟐
− + − + √8 − √7 √8 − √7 √8 + √7 √5 − 2
𝟑−√𝟖 √𝟖−√𝟕 √𝟕−√𝟔 √𝟔−√𝟓 √𝟓−𝟐
1 1 1 1 1 1
= √𝟕 + √𝟔 3 − √8
− + − + =5
√7 − √6 √8 − √7 √7 − √6 √6 − √5 √5 − 2

𝐧 = 𝟏 then 𝐿𝐻𝑆 = 1 = 𝑅𝐻𝑆 𝐧 = 𝐤 + 𝟏 then

⇒ 𝑃(1) is true k(k+1)
22) By the principle of mathematical induction, P(k + 1) = 2
𝐧 = 𝐤 then Assume 𝑃(𝑘) is true
prove that for all integers n  1 , ⇒ 𝑃(𝑘 + 1) is true
𝟏 + 𝟐 + 𝟑+. . . . . +𝒏 =
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝑘(𝑘 + 1)
𝟐 𝑃(𝑘) = 1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ . . +𝑘 = By the principle of mathematical induction
2
P(n) is true.

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 𝐧 = 𝟏 then 𝐿𝐻𝑆 = 2 = 𝑅𝐻𝑆 𝐧 = 𝐤 + 𝟏 then
23) By the principle of mathematical induction,
⇒ 𝑃(1) is true (𝑘 + 1)(𝑘 + 2)
prove that for all integers n  1 , 𝑃(𝑘 + 1) =
𝟏. 𝟐 + 𝟐. 𝟑 + 𝟑. 𝟒+. . . . . +𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏) 𝐧 = 𝐤 then Assume 𝑃(𝑘) is true 3
⇒ 𝑃(𝑘 + 1) is true
𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏)(𝒏 + 𝟐) 𝑃(𝑘) = 1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 + ⋯ . . +𝑘(𝑘 + 1)
=
𝟑 k(k+1)(k+2) By the principle of mathematical induction,
𝑃(𝑘) = 3 P(n) is true
1
𝐧 = 𝟏 then 𝐿𝐻𝑆 = 2 = 𝑅𝐻𝑆 𝐧 = 𝐤 + 𝟏 then
24) By the principle of mathematical induction, ⇒ 𝑃(1) is true 𝑘+1
prove that for any natural number n, 𝑃(𝑘 + 1) =
𝑘+2
𝐧 = 𝐤 then Assume 𝑃(𝑘) is true
⇒ 𝑃(𝑘 + 1) is true
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝐧 1 1 1 1 𝑘
+ + +. . . . + = 𝑃(𝑘) = + 2.3 + 3.4 +. . . . + 𝑘(𝑘+1) =
𝟏.𝟐 𝟐.𝟑 𝟑.𝟒 𝐧(𝐧+𝟏) 𝐧+𝟏 1.2 𝑘+1 By the principle of mathematical induction,
P(n) is true
𝐧 = 𝟏 then 𝐿𝐻𝑆 = 1 = 𝑅𝐻𝑆
𝐧 = 𝐤 + 𝟏 then
25) By the principle of mathematical induction, ⇒ 𝑃(1) is true
prove that for all integers n  1 , (𝑘 + 1)(𝑘 + 2)(2𝑘 + 3)
𝐧 = 𝐤 then Assume 𝑃(𝑘) is true 𝑃(𝑘 + 1) =
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𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)(𝟐𝒏+𝟏)
𝟏𝟐 + 𝟐𝟐 + 𝟑𝟐 +. . . . . +𝒏𝟐 = 𝑃(𝑘) = 12 + 22 + 32 + ⋯ . . +𝑘 2 ⇒ 𝑃(𝑘 + 1) is true
𝟔
𝑘(𝑘+1)(2𝑘+1)
𝑃(𝑘) = By the principle of mathematical induction,
6
P(n) is true

𝐧 = 𝟏 then 𝐿𝐻𝑆 = 1 = 𝑅𝐻𝑆

𝐧 = 𝐤 + 𝟏 then
26) By the principle of mathematical induction, ⇒ 𝑃(1) is true
(𝑘+1)(𝑘+2) 2
prove that for all integers n  1 , 𝐧 = 𝐤 then Assume 𝑃(𝑘) is true 𝑃(𝑘 + 1) = [ ]
2

𝒏(𝒏+𝟏) 𝟐 𝑃(𝑘) = 13 + 23 + 33 +. . . . . +𝑘 3 ⇒ 𝑃(𝑘 + 1) is true

𝟏𝟑 + 𝟐𝟑 + 𝟑𝟑 +. . . . . +𝒏𝟑 = [ ]
𝟐 𝑘(𝑘+1) 2 By the principle of mathematical induction,
𝑃(𝑘) = [ 2
]
P(n) is true

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 𝐧 = 𝟏 then
𝐧 = 𝐤 + 𝟏 then
2n+2
𝑃(1) = 34 − 8 − 9
27) Prove that 3 − 8n − 9 is divisible by 8 for all 𝑃(𝑘 + 1) = 32(𝑘+1)+2 − 8(𝑘 + 1) − 9
= 64 ; divisible by 8
n  1 by using the principles of mathematical
= 8 × (9𝐶 + 8𝑘 + 1)
induction. ⇒ 𝑃(1) true
⇒ 𝑃(𝑘 + 1) true
𝐧 = 𝐤 then Assume 𝑃(𝑘) is true
by the principles of mathematical induction
𝑃(𝑘) = 32k+2 − 8𝑘 − 9 = 8𝐶 P(n) is true

1
3 7 3 3 3
√x 3 + 7 − √x 3 + 4
√𝑥 3 + 7 = 𝑥 (1 + 3 )
𝑥
7 4
28) Prove that 3
x 3 + 7 − 3 x 3 + 4 is approximately 7 ≈ x (1 + −1− )
= 𝑥 (1 + 3𝑥 3 +. . . ) 3x3 3x3
1
equal to when x is large. 1 3
x2 3 4 3 ≈ x( )
√𝑥 3 + 4 = 𝑥 (1 + 3 ) 3x3
𝑥 1
4 ≈
= 𝑥 (1 + 3𝑥 3 +. . . ) x2

1
3 6 3
√𝑥 3 + 6 = 𝑥 (1 + 3 ) 3 3
√𝑥 3 + 6 − √𝑥 3 + 3
𝑥
6 6 3
29) Prove that 3
x 3 + 6 − 3 x 3 + 3 is approximately = 𝑥 (1 + 3𝑥 3 +. . . ) ≈ 𝑥 (1 + −1− )
3𝑥 3 3𝑥 3
1 1
equal to when x is sufficiently large. 3 3 3
x 2 3
√𝑥 3 + 3 = 𝑥 (1 + 3 ) ≈ x( )
𝑥 3x3
3 1
= 𝑥 (1 + 3𝑥 3 +. . . ) ≈
𝑥2

7
 1
1−𝑥 1−𝑥 2
1− x √ =( )
30) Prove that is approximately equal to 1+𝑥 1+𝑥 1 x2 1 3x 2
1+ x = [1 − x + − ⋯ ] × [1 − x +
2 2! 2 8
−⋯]
1 −1
x 2 = (1 − 𝑥)2 × (1 + 𝑥) 2 𝑥2
1− x + when x is very small. ≈1−𝑥+
2 1
1 1
( − 1) 1
1 1
( + 1) 2
= [1 − x + 2 2 x − ⋯ ] × [1 − x + 2 2
2
x2 − ⋯ ]
2 2! 2 2!

31) Show that the equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 2ℎ𝑥𝑦 + 𝑏𝑦 2 = 2𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑦 2 Angle between two lines

2 x 2 − xy − 3 y 2 − 6 x + 19 y − 20 = 0 represent a pair −1 2√ℎ2 −𝑎𝑏

a = 2 ; b = −3 ; ℎ= 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = | 𝑎+𝑏
|
2
of straight lines. Show further that the angle 5
1 2( )
between them is tan −1
(5) ℎ2 − 𝑎𝑏 = 4 + 6 ≠ 0 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = | 2
|
−1
Intersecting lines
𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (5)

−1 7
𝑎 = 12 ; 𝑏 = −12 ; 𝑐 = k 12
32) Find the value of k if the equation 2 2
7 −1 7 |7 7|
12 x 2 + 7 xy − 12 y 2 − x + 7 y + k = 0 represents a ℎ= ; 𝑔= ; 𝑓= ⇒ −12 = 0 ⇒ 𝐤 = −𝟏
2 2 2 |2 2|
pair of straight lines. Further find whether these −1 7
𝑎 ℎ 𝑔 k
lines are parallel or intersecting. 2 2
pair of straight lines | ℎ 𝑏 𝑓| = 0 and
𝑔 𝑓 𝑐 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 0 ; perpendicular lines

5
𝜆 −5
𝑎 = 𝜆 ; 𝑏 = 12 ; 𝑐 = −3 2
33) If the equation ⇒ ||−5 12 −8|| = 0 ⇒ 𝜆 = 𝟐
5
 x 2 − 10 xy + 12 y 2 + 5 x − 16 y − 3 = 0 represent a ℎ = −5 ; 𝑔 = ; 𝑓 = −8 5
−8 −3
2 2
pair of straight lines, find (i) The value of λ and Angle between two lines
𝑎 ℎ 𝑔
the separate equations of the lines. (ii) Angle
pair of straight lines | ℎ 𝑏 𝑓| = 0 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = |
2√ℎ2 −𝑎𝑏
|
between the lines. 𝑎+𝑏
𝑔 𝑓 𝑐
1
⇒ 𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( )
7

8
34) Show that the equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 2ℎ𝑥𝑦 + 𝑏𝑦 2 = 9𝑥 2 − 24𝑥𝑦 + 16𝑦 2
g2 −ac
9 x 2 − 24 xy + 16 y 2 − 12 x + 16 y − 12 = 0 represents 𝑎 = 9 ; 𝑏 = 16 ; ℎ = −12 Distance= 2√
a(a+b)
a pair of parallel lines. Find the distance between 2
ℎ − 𝑎𝑏 = 144 − 9 × 16 = 0 8
them. =√
Parallel lines 5

𝑎𝑥 2 + 2ℎ𝑥𝑦 + 𝑏𝑦 2 = 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2
35) Show that the equation g2 −ac
𝟐 𝟐
𝟒𝐱 + 𝟒𝐱𝐲 + 𝐲 − 𝟔𝐱 − 𝟑𝐲 − 𝟒 = 𝟎 𝑎=4 ; 𝑏=1 ; ℎ=2 Distance= 2√
a(a+b)
represents a pair of parallel lines. Find the ℎ2 − 𝑎𝑏 = 4 − 4 = 0
= √5
distance between them. Parallel lines

Easy 2&3 Mark Question and Answers

𝒏[𝑷(𝑨)] = 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟒 ⇒ 𝟐𝒏 = 𝟐𝟏𝟎
1) If 𝒏[𝑷(𝑨)] = 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟒, 𝒏(𝑨 ∪ 𝑩) = 𝟏𝟓 and n(A ∩ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∪ B)
𝑛(𝐴) = 10
n  P ( B )  = 32 , then find n( A  B) 𝒏[𝑷(𝑩)] = 𝟑𝟐 ⇒ 𝟐𝒏 = 𝟐𝟓 n(A ∩ B) = 15 − 15 = 0
𝑛(𝐵) = 5
2) If 𝒏(𝑨 ∩ 𝑩) = 𝟑 and 𝒏(𝑨 ∪ 𝑩) = 𝟏𝟎 then 𝒏(𝑨 △ 𝑩) = 𝒏(𝑨 ∪ 𝑩) − 𝒏(𝑨 ∩ 𝑩)
𝒏[𝑷(𝑨∆𝑩)] = 𝟐𝟕 = 𝟏𝟐𝟖
find n  P ( AB )  . 𝒏(𝑨 △ 𝑩) = 𝟏𝟎 − 𝟑 = 𝟕

𝑓→𝑔 𝑔→𝑓
3) If f = (1, 2 ) , ( 3, 4 ) , ( 2, 2 ) and (1,2) → (2, 𝟏) (2,1) → (1, 𝟐)
g = ( 2,1) , ( 3,1) , ( 4, 2 ) then find
(2,2) → (2, 𝟏) (3,1) → (1, 𝟐)
g f and f g (3,4) → (4, 𝟐) (4,2) → (2, 𝟐)
𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 = {(1,1), (2,1), (3,2)} 𝑔 ∘ 𝑓 = {(2,2), (3,2), (4,2)}

4) For a set A, 𝑨 × 𝑨 has 16 elements and

two of its elements are (1 , 3) and (0 , 2) 𝑛(𝐴 × 𝐵) = 16 = 4 × 4
𝐴 = {0,1,2,3}
𝑛(𝐴) = 4
Find the elements of A.

9
 2𝑥 − 3 = −(𝑥 − 5)
5) Solve: |𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑| = |𝒙 − 𝟓| 2𝑥 − 3 = +(𝑥 − 5) 3𝑥 = 8
𝑥 = −2 8
𝑥=
3
−2 < 𝑥 − 9 < 2
6) Solve: |𝒙 − 𝟗| < 𝟐 𝟕 < 𝐱 > 𝟏𝟏
−2 + 9 < 𝑥 < 2 + 9

7) Find the quaratic equation whose roots Sum of roots = 4 Equation: 𝑥 2 − (𝛼 + 𝛽)𝑥 + 𝛼𝛽 = 0
are 7 and -3. Product = −21 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 21 = 0

1
Value of x lies between -2 and
8) Solve: 𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐 ≤ 𝟎 1 3
3(𝑥 + 2) (𝑥 − ) ≤ 0 1
3 𝑥 ∈ [−2, ]
3

5
Values of x lies between -3 and
5 2
9) Solve: 𝟐𝐱 𝟐 + 𝐱 − 𝟏𝟓 ≤ 𝟎 2(𝑥 + 3) (𝑥 − ) ≤ 0 5
2 𝑥 ∈ [−3, ]
2

𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝐱 + 𝟐 ≤ 𝟎 5
𝟐 Values of x lies between -3 and
10) Solve: −𝒙 + 𝟑𝐱 − 𝟐 ≥ 𝟎 2
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2) ≤ 0 𝑥 ∈ [1, 2]

𝟑 𝟐
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟗 𝟐𝟕 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐𝟕 𝟗 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑𝟐 𝟑 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑𝟑 𝟑 5
11) Find the value: 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟗 𝟐𝟕 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐𝟕 𝟗 3 2 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟗 𝟐𝟕 − 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐𝟕 𝟗 = 6
= −
2 3
𝟑
𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟓 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟕 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟓 × 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓 𝟑
12) Find the value of 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟓 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟕 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟓 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟕 = 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟑 𝟓 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝟓𝟐 𝟑
𝟑 𝟐
3
=
2

10
 𝟐
𝟕 − 𝟒√𝟑 = 𝟒 + 𝟑 − 𝟒√𝟑 𝟕 − 𝟒√𝟑 = (𝟐 − √𝟑)
13) Find the square root of 𝟕 − 𝟒√𝟑 2
= 22 + (√3) − 2 × 2 × √3 √7 − √3 = 2 − √3

14) Rationalise the denominator

√𝟓 √𝟓
=
√𝟓
×
√𝟔−√𝟐 √30 − √10
(√𝟔+√𝟐) (√𝟔+√𝟐) √𝟔+√𝟐 √𝟔−√𝟐 =
4
𝑦−1 𝑥−1
15) Find the equation of the line passing 𝑦 − 𝑦1 𝑥 − 𝑥1 =
= 3 − 1 −2 − 1
through the points (1,1) and (-2,3) 𝑦2 − 𝑦1 𝑥2 − 𝑥1
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 5 = 0
16) Show that the two lines slopes
𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟗 = 𝟎 −3
𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟗 = 𝟎 and 𝟏𝟓 𝑚1 = 𝑚2 =
𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 − =𝟎 2
𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟖𝒚 − 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎 are parallel. 𝟒 Lines are parallel

17) Find the equation of the line passing i) Parallel line: ii) Perpendicular lines
through (1,2) which is (i) parallel and Form: 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 𝑘 form: 4𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 𝑘
𝑘 = 11 𝑘 = −2
(ii) perpendicular to the line 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟕
Parallel line is 3𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 11 Perpendicular line is 4𝑥 − 3𝑦 = −2

(𝒏 + 𝟐)𝑷𝟐 = 𝟒𝟐 × 𝒏𝑷𝟐 (n + 2)(n + 1) = 42 = 7 × 6

18) If (𝒏 + 𝟐)𝑷𝟐 = 𝟒𝟐 × 𝒏𝑷𝟐 then find n
(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛)(𝑛 − 1) = 42 × (𝑛)(𝑛 − 1) n+1=6 ⇒n=5
8 × 9 × 10 = (10 − r)(9 − r)(8 − r)(7 − r)(6 − r)

𝟏𝟎𝑷𝒓 = 𝟕𝑷𝒓+𝟐 6×5×4×3×2

19) If 𝟏𝟎𝑷𝒓 = 𝟕𝑷𝒓+𝟐 then find r
10! 7!
= = (10 − r)(9 − r)(8 − r)(7 − r)(6 − r)
(10 − 𝑟)! (5 − 𝑟)!
10 − 𝑟 = 6 ⇒ 𝑟 = 4
(𝒏 − 𝟏)𝑷𝟑 ∶ 𝒏𝑷𝟒 = 𝟏 ∶ 𝟏𝟎 1 1
=
20) If (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝑷𝟑 ∶ 𝒏𝑷𝟒 = 𝟏 ∶ 𝟏𝟎 then find n (𝒏 − 𝟏)𝑷𝟑 𝟏 𝑛 10
=
𝒏𝑷𝟒 𝟏𝟎 𝑛 = 10

11
 𝒏𝑪𝟒 = 𝟒𝟗𝟓
𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)(𝑛 − 3) = 12 × 11 × 10 × 9
21) If 𝒏𝑪𝟒 = 𝟒𝟗𝟓 then find n
𝑛(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)(𝑛 − 3) 𝑛 = 12
= 495
1×2×3×4
𝑛𝑃𝑟 𝑟! = 24 = 4!
22) If 𝒏𝑷𝒓 = 𝟏𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟎 and 𝒏𝑪𝒓 = 𝟒𝟗𝟓 then = 𝑟!
𝑛𝐶𝑟 𝑟=4
find n and r 11880
𝑟! = 𝒏𝑪𝟒 = 𝟒𝟗𝟓 ⇒ 𝒏 = 𝟏𝟐
495
𝒏𝑪𝟏𝟐 = 𝒏𝑪𝟗 ⇒ 𝒏 = 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟗
23) If 𝒏𝑪𝟏𝟐 = 𝒏𝑪𝟗 then find 𝟐𝟏𝑪𝒏 𝟐𝟏𝑪𝒏 = 𝟐𝟏𝑪𝟐𝟏=𝟏
𝒏 = 𝟐𝟏
𝑛𝑃𝑟 𝑟! = 6 = 3!
= 𝑟!
24) If 𝒏𝑷𝒓 = 𝟕𝟐𝟎 and 𝒏𝑪𝒓 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎 then 𝑛𝐶𝑟 𝑟=3
find n and r 720
𝑟! = 𝒏𝑷𝟑 = 𝟕𝟐𝟎 ⇒ 𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎
120
25) Show that: 𝒏𝑪𝒓 + 𝒏𝑪𝒓−𝟏 = (𝒏 + 𝟏)𝑪𝒓 = 𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟑 + 𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟒 + 𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟒 + 𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟓
𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟑 + 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟒 + 𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟓 = 16𝐶4 + 16𝐶5
𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟑 + 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟒 + 𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟓 = 𝟏𝟕𝑪𝟓
= 𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟑 + 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟒 + 𝟏𝟓𝑪𝟓 = 17𝐶5

26) How many chords can be drawn No. of chords = 20𝐶2

through 20 points on a circle? 2-points are needed to draw a chord 20 × 19
= = 190
1×2
27) How many triangles can be formed by No. of triangles
joining 15 points on the plane, in which no = 15𝐶3
3-points are needed to draw a triangle
line joining any three points? 15×14×13
= = 455
1×2×3

(To score good mark practice all the text book problems)

Prepared by Mr.A.Irudayaraj, P.G.Asst., Don Bosco Hss, Vellore-6 (94436 87520)

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