økrýík (çkurÍf) «§Ãkºk - 5

Mk{Þ : 3 f÷kf fw÷ økwý : 80

rð¼køk - A
1. (A) yLktík
2. (C)  8
3. (D) 36
4. (A) 2
3
5. (D)
7
6. (C) 30 – 40
7. 2
8. 5
9. 3
10. 8
11. 0
12. 17
13. ¾hwt
14. ¾kuxwt
15. ¾kuxwt
16. ¾kuxwt
17. 3
7
18.
20
19. 40
1
20.
2
21. (b)
22. (c)
23. (b)
24. (c)

rð¼køk - B
25. Äkhku fu, rî½kík çknwÃkËe ax2 + bx + c Lkkt þqLÞku  yLku  Au.
b
ynª, þqLÞkuLkku Mkhðk¤ku  +  = = (–5)
a
c
þqLÞkuLkku økwýkfkh  ==4
a
òu a = 1 íkku b = 5 yLku c = 4
rî½kík çknwÃkËeLkkt ÔÞkÃkf MðYÃk ax2 + bx + c {kt yk ®f{íkku {qfíkkt,
 {køku÷ rî½kík çknwÃkËe x2 + 5x + 4 Au yLku yLÞ rî½kík çknwÃkËe. k(x2 + 5x + 4)
ßÞkt k  0 MðYÃk{kt {¤u. sðkçk

58 Äkuhý - 10 | økrýík (çkurÍf)

26. çknwÃkËe p(x) = x3 – 6x2 + ax + 10 Lkwt yuf þqLÞ 5 Au.
 p(5) = 0
 p(5) = (5)3 – 6(5)2 + a(5) + 10
 0 = 125 – 6(25) + 5a + 10
 0 = 125 – 150 + 5a + 10
 0 = 135 – 150 + 5a
 0 = –15 + 5a
 5a = 15
15
a=
5
 a = 3 sðkçk
27. Äkhku fu, çku ¢r{f «kf]ríkf MktÏÞkyku x yLku x + 1 Au. íku{Lkk ðøkkuoLkku Mkhðk¤ku 685 Au.
 (x)2 + (x + 1)2 = 685
 x2 + x2 + 2x + 1 = 685
 2x2 + 2x – 684 = 0
 x2 + x – 342 = 0 ( Ëhuf ÃkËLku 2 ðzu ¼køkíkkt)
 x2 + 19x – 18x – 342 = 0
 x (x + 19) – 18 (x + 19) = 0
 (x + 19) (x – 18) = 0
 (x + 19) = 0 yÚkðk (x – 18) = 0
 x = –19 yÚkðk x = 18
ynª, x = –19 yu «kf]ríkf MktÏÞk LkÚke.
 x = 18
yLku çkeS «kf]ríkf MktÏÞk = x + 1 = 18 + 1 = 19
yk{, çku ¢r{f «kf]ríkf MktÏÞkyku 18 yLku 19 Au. sðkçk
28. Mk{ktíkh ©uýe –10, –5, 0, 5, ... ykÃku÷ Au.
ynª, a = –10
d = –5 – (–10) = –5 + 10 = 5
n = 10
S 10 = ?
n
Sn = [2a + (n – 1)d]
2
10
 S 10 = [2(–10) + (10 – 1)5] ( n = 10 {qfíkkt)
2
 S 10 = 5 [–20 + 45]
 S 10 = 5  25
 S 10 = 125
yk{, ykÃku÷ Mk{ktíkh ©uýeLkk «Úk{ 10 ÃkËkuLkku Mkhðk¤ku S10 = 125 sðkçk
29. Mk{ktíkh ©uýe 10, 7, 4, ... ykÃku÷ Au.
ynª, a = 10
d = 7 – 10 = –3
n = 11

Äkuhý - 10 | ykRrzÞ÷ ÃkuÃkhMkux (yMkkRLk{uLx) 59

 a 11 = ?
an = a + (n – 1)d
   a11 = 10 + (11 – 1) (–3) ( n = 11 {qfíkkt)
   a11 = 10 + (10) (–3)
   a11 = 10 – 30
   a11 = – 20
yk{, ykÃku÷ Mk{ktíkh ©uýeLkwt 11 {wt ÃkË (–20) Au. sðkçk
30. Äkhku fu, ÔÞkMkLkwt yuf ytíÞ®çkËw A (x, y) Au.
ynª, AB yu ðíkwo¤Lkku ÔÞkMk nkuðkÚke ðíkwo¤Lkwt fuLÿ O (0, 0) yu B (1, 4) yLku A (x, y) Lku òuzíkkt hu¾k¾tzLkwt
{æÞ®çkËw Úkþu.
 AB Lkwt {æÞ®çkËw = (0, 0)

 x 1 y  4 
  2 , 2   (0,0) O
  A (x, y) B (1, 4)
(0, 0)

x 1 y4
  0 yLku 0
2 2
 x + 1 = 0 yLku y + 4 = 0
 x = –1 yLku y = –4
yk{, ®çkËw A Lkk Þk{ (–1, –4) ÚkkÞ. sðkçk
31. Äkhku fu, P(x, y) yu Q(3, 6) yLku R(–3, 4) Úke Mk{kLk ytíkhu Au.

Q(3, 6) P(x, y) R(–3, 4)

PQ = PR
P(x, y) yLku Q(3, 6) Lku P(x1, y1) yLku Q(x2, y2) MkkÚku Mkh¾kðe,
ytíkhMkqºk ðkÃkhíkkt

PQ = [( x1 )  ( x2 )]2  [( y1 )  ( y2 )]2

= ( x  3)2  [ y  (6)]2

= ( x  3)2  ( y  6)2

PQ = ( x 2  6x  9)  ( y2  12 y  36) ... (i)

P(x, y) yLku R(–3, 4)Lku P(x1, y1) yLku R(x2, y2) MkkÚku Mkh¾kðe,
ytíkhMkqºk ðkÃkhíkkt

PR = [( x1 )  ( x2 )]2  [( y1 )  ( y2 )]2

= [ x  (3)]2  [( y )  (4)]2

= ( x  3)2  ( y  4)2

PR = x 2  6x  9  y2  8 y  16 ... (ii)

60 Äkuhý - 10 | økrýík (çkurÍf)

 Ãkrhýk{ (i) yLku (ii) Mkh¾kðíkkt,

 x 2  6x  9  y2  12 y  36 = x 2  6 x  9  y2  8 y  16
 x2 – 6x + 9 + y2 – 12y + 36 = x2 + 6x + 9 + y2 – 8y + 16 (çktLku çkksw ðøko fhíkkt)
 x2 – 6x + 9 + y2 – 12y + 36 – x2 – 6x – 9 – y2 + 8y – 16 = 0
 –12x – 4y + 20 = 0
 12x + 4y – 20 = 0
 3x + y – 5 = 0 (4 ðzu ¼køkíkkt)
yk{, P(x, y) yu Q(3, 6) yLku R(–3, 4) Úke Mk{kLk ytíkhu nkuÞ íkku x yLku y ðå[uLkku MktçktÄ 3x + y – 5 = 0
çkLku Au. sðkçk
3
32. ynª, sin A =
4
ykÃkýu òýeyu Aeyu fu, cos2 A + sin2 A = 1
 cos2 A = 1 – sin2A
2
3
 cos2 A = 1   
4
9
 cos2 A = 1 –
16
16  9
 cos2 A =
16
7
 cos2 A =
16
7
 cos A =
16
7
 cos A =
4
sin A
nðu, tan A =
cos A

 tan A = 3
4
7
4
3
 tan A =
7
33. ykf]rík{kt ËþkoÔÞk «{kýu,
B

1 2

30º
A
C 3
Äkuhý - 10 | ykRrzÞ÷ ÃkuÃkhMkux (yMkkRLk{uLx) 61
 1
ABC {kt C = 90° yLku tan A =
3
BC 1
tan A = =
AC 3
ÃkkEÚkkøkkuhMk «{uÞ «{kýu,
AB2 = BC2 + AC2
2
 AB2 = (1)2 +  3 ( BC=1, AC = 3)
 AB2 = 1 + 3
=4
 AB = 2
Mkk{uLkeçkksw BC 1
nðu, sin A = = =
fýo AB 2
1
 sin A = sðkçk
2
34. ykf]rík{kt ËþkoÔÞk «{kýu Äkhku fu,
Úkkt¼÷kLke Ÿ[kE AB = h {exh
ËkuhzkLke ÷tçkkE AC = 20 {exh
A

20
{
h {e Úkkt¼÷ku Ëku h e
z
wt
30º
B s{eLk C
Ëkuhzkyu s{eLk MkkÚku çkLkkðu÷ku ¾qýku ACB = 30°,
fkxfkuý ABC {kt B=90°
AB
nðu, sin 30° =
AC
1 h  1
 =  sin 30  2 
2 20  
 2h = 20
 h = 10 {exh
yk{, Úkkt¼÷kLke Ÿ[kE 10 {exh Au. sðkçk
35.
14

62 Äkuhý - 10 | økrýík (çkurÍf)

6/Std 10-Ideal Paperset (Guj. Med. - P1010)
 Lk¤kfkhLkku ÔÞkMk = 14 Mku{e
Lk¤kfkhLke rºkßÞk = yÄoøkku÷Lke rºkßÞk = r
ÔÞkMk
r
2
14

2
 7 Mku{e
Lk¤kfkhLke Ÿ[kE h = ðkMkýLke fw÷ Ÿ[kE – yÄoøkku÷fLke rºkßÞk
= 13 – 7 = 6 Mku{e
Ãkku÷ku Lk¤kfkh :
Lk¤fkhLke ð¢MkÃkkxeLkwt Ãk]cV¤ = 2rh
22
= 2  7  6 Mku{e2
7
= 264 Mku{e2
yÄoøkku÷f :
yÄoøkku÷fLke ð¢ MkÃkkxeLkwt Ãk]»XV¤ = 2r2
22
= 2  7  7 Mku{e2
7
= 308 Mku{e2
 ðkMkýLke ytËhLke MkÃkkxeLkwt Ãk]cV¤
= Ãkku÷k Lk¤kfkhLke ð¢ MkÃkkxeLkwt ûkuºkV¤ + yÄoøkku÷fLke ð¢MkÃkkxeLkwt ûkuºkV¤
= (264 + 308) Mku{e2
= 572 Mku{e2 sðkçk
36. yÄoøkku÷fLke rºkßÞk = þtfwLke rºkßÞk r = 3.5 Mku{e

15.5 Mku{e
3.5

þtfwLke Qt[kE h = h{fzktLke fw÷ Ÿ[kE – yÄoøkku÷fLke Ÿ[kE

= 15.5 Mku{e  3.5 Mku{e

= 12 Mku{e

þtfwLke ríkÞof Ÿ[kE l = h2  r 2

= (12)2  (3.5)2 Mku{e

 144  12.25 Mku{e

 156.25 Mku{e
Äkuhý - 10 | ykRrzÞ÷ ÃkuÃkhMkux (yMkkRLk{uLx) 63
 = (12.5)2 Mku{e
      l = 12.5 Mku{e
h{fzkLkwt fw÷ Ãk]cV¤ = þtfwLkwt ð¢ Ãk]cV¤ + yÄoøkku÷fLkwt ð¢ Ãk]cV¤
= rl + 2r2
= r (l + 2r)
22 35
  (12.5 + 2  3.5) Mku{e2
7 10
22 35
   19.5 Mku{e2
7 10
= 11  19.5 Mku{e2
= 214.25 Mku{e2
  h{fzkLkwt fw÷ Ãk]cV¤ = 214.5 Mku{e2 sðkçk
37. ynª, {n¥k{ ykð]r¥k 20 yu ðøko 40 – 50 Lke Au.
 çknw÷f ðøko 40 – 50 ÚkkÞ.
 l = 40
h = 10
f1 = 20
f0 = 12
f2 = 11
 f1  f0 
çknw÷f Z = l +  2 f  f  f   h
 1 0 2
 20  12 
= 40 +    10
 2  20  12  11 
 8 
= 40 +    10
 40  23 
80
= 40 +
17
= 40 + 4.7
= 44.7
yk{, ykÃku÷ {krníkeLkku çknw÷f 44.7 økkzeyku Au. sðkçk
rð¼køk – C
38. x+y =7 ... (1)
3x – 2y = 11 ... (2)
Mk{efhý (1) Lku 2 ðzu økwýíkkt,
2x + 2y = 14 ... (3)
Mk{efhý (2) yLku (3) Lkku Mkhðk¤ku fhíkkt,
3x – 2y = 11
+ 2x + 2y = 14
5x = 25

64 Äkuhý - 10 | økrýík (çkurÍf)

 25
 x =
5
 x = 5
nðu, Mk{efhý (1) {kt x = 5 {qfíkkt,
x+y=7
5+y = 7
 y=7 –5
 y=2
yk{, Mk{efhý Þwø{Lkku Wfu÷ : x = 5 yLku y = 2 sðkçk
39. Äkhku fu, ¼krðLkLke ô{h x ð»ko yLku ð]r¥kfLke nk÷Lke ô{h y ð»ko Au.
ykÚke Ãkkt[ ð»ko Ãknu÷kt, ¼krðLkLke ô{h (x – 5) ð»ko yLku ð]r¥kfLke ô{h (y – 5) ð»ko níke.
nðu, «Úk{ þhík {wsçk,
(x – 5) = 3 (y – 5)
 x – 5 = 3y – 15
 x – 3y = –15 + 5
 x – 3y = –10 ...(1)
íku s «{kýu, ËMk ð»ko ÃkAe, ¼krðLkLke ô{h (x + 10) ð»ko yLku ð]r¥kfLke ô{h (y + 10) ð»ko Úkþu.
nðu, çkeS þhík {wsçk,
x + 10 = 2 (y + 10)
 x + 10 = 2y + 20
 x – 2y = 10 ...(2)
Mk{efhý (2){ktÚke Mk{efhý (1) çkkË fhíkkt,
x – 2y = 10
x – 3y = –10
– + +
y = 20
Mk{efhý (2){kt y = 20 {qfíkkt,
x – 2y = 10
 x – 2(20) = 10
 x – 40 = 10
 x = 10 + 40
 x = 50
yk{, ¼krðLkLke nk÷Lke ô{h x = 50 ð»ko
ð]r¥kfLke nk÷Lke ô{h y = 20 ð»ko
40. ynª, a = 8
an = 62
Sn = 210
n=?
n
Sn = (a + an)
2
n
 210 = (8 + 62)
2

Äkuhý - 10 | ykRrzÞ÷ ÃkuÃkhMkux (yMkkRLk{uLx) 65

  420 = n(70)
420
 n=
70
n=6
nðu, an = a + (n – 1) d
 a6 = a + (6 – 1) d
 62 = 8 + 5d
 5d = 54
54
d=
5
54
yk{, n = 6 yLku d  sðkçk
5
41. Äkhku fu, Q(x, y) yu A(–1, 7) yLku B(4, –3) Lku òuzíkkt hu¾k¾tz ABLkwt m1 : m2 = 2 : 3 økwýku¥kh{kt rð¼ksLk
fhíkwt ®çkËw Au.
A (–1, 7) Q (x, y) B (4, –3)

rð¼ksLk MkqºkLkku WÃkÞkuøk fhíkkt,

 m1 x2  m2 x1 m1 y2  m2 y1 
Q Lkk Þk{ (x, y) =  m  m , 
 1 2 m1  m2 
 2 (4)  3( 1) 2( 3)  3(7) 
= , 
 23 23 
 8  ( 3) 6  21 
=  , 
 5 5 
 8  3 15 
=  ,
 5 5 
 5 15 
=  , 
5 5 
= (1, 3)
 Q Lkk Þk{ (x, y) = (1, 3)
yk{, {køku÷ ®çkËwLkk Þk{ (1, 3) Au. sðkçk
42. S (3, 5) R (x, 6)

A ( x, y)

P (1, 2) Q (4, y)
Äkhku fu, ykÃku÷ ®çkËwyku Mk{ktíkhçkksw [íkw»fkuý PQRS Lkkt ¢r{f ®çkËwyku Au.
PQRS yu Mk{ktíkhçkksw [íkw»fkuý nkuðkÚke íkuLkkt rðfýkuo PR yLku SQ Lkwt {æÞ®çkËw Mk{kLk nkuÞ Au.
 PR Lkk {æÞ®çkËwLkk Þk{ = SQ Lkkt {æÞ®çkËwLkk Þk{
66 Äkuhý - 10 | økrýík (çkurÍf)
 1  x 2  6 3  4 5  y 
  ,   2 , 2 
 2 2   
1  x  7 5  y
  , 4   ,
 2  2 2 
1x 7 5 y
  yLku 4
2 2 2
 1+x=7 yLku 8=5+y
 x=6 yLku y=3
yk{, x = 6 yLku y = 3 sðkçk
43. Ãkûk : XY yu O fuLÿðk¤k ðíkwo¤Lku P ®çkËwyu MÃkþof Au.
MkkæÞ : OP  XY

Y X
P Q

Mkkrçkíke : XY Ãkh P rMkðkÞLkwt fkuE ®çkËw Q ÷ku íkÚkk OQ Ëkuhku. ®çkËw Q ðíkwo¤Lkk çknkhLkk ¼køk{kt s nkuÞ, fkhý
fu òu íku ðíkwo¤Lkk ytËhLkk ¼køk{kt yÚkðk ðíkwo¤ Ãkh nkuÞ, íkku XY ðíkwo¤Lke AurËfk çkLku, MÃkþof Lknª.

 OQ yu ðíkwo¤Lke rºkßÞk fhíkkt {kuxe ÚkkÞ.

yk{, OQ > OP.

yk nfefík XY ÃkhLkk P rMkðkÞLkk fkuE Ãký ®çkËw Q {kxu Mkk[e Au. ykÚke OP yu O Úke XY Lkwt ykuAk{kt ykuAwt
ytíkh Au. ykÚke OP yu XY Lku ÷tçk Au, yux÷u fu, OP  XY.

44. ykf]rík{kt ËþkoÔÞk «{kýu,

fkxfkuý PRT {kt,
TP2 = TR2 + PR2
 TP2 = TR2 + (4)2 ( PR + RQ = 8 Mku{e)
 TP2 = TR2 + 16 ...(1)
fkxfkuý OPT{kt,
TP2 + OP2 = OT2
 TP2 + (5)2 = (TR + 3)2 ( OR = 3 Mku{e)
 TP2 + 25 = TR2 + 6TR + 9
 TP2 = TR2 + 6TR + 9 – 25
 TP2 = TR2 + 6TR – 16 ...(2)
Ãkrhýk{ (2) yLku (1) Mkh¾ktðíkkt,
TR2 + 6TR – 16 = TR2 + 16
 6TR – 16 = 16
 6TR = 32

Äkuhý - 10 | ykRrzÞ÷ ÃkuÃkhMkux (yMkkRLk{uLx) 67

 32
 TR =
6

16
 TR =
3
16
Ãkrhýk{ (1) {kt TR = {qfíkkt,
3
TP2 = TR2 + 16
2
 16 
 TP2=   + 16
 3 
256
 TP2 = + 16
9
256  144
 TP2 =
9
400
 TP2 =
9
20
 TP =
3
20
yk{, TPLke ÷tçkkE Mku{e Au. sðkçk
3
x a
45. AkuzLke MktÏÞk (ðøko) ½hkuLke MktÏÞk (fi) {æÞ®f{ík (xi) ui = fiui
h

10 – 20 12 15 –2 –24

20 – 30 16 25 –1 –16

30 – 40 8 a = 35 0 00

40 – 50 6 45 1 06

50 – 60 8 55 2 16

fw÷ fi = 50 -- -- fiui = –18

ynª, a = 35 yLku h = 10
 f iui
{æÞf x = a +  f h
i
(18)
= 35 +  10
50
18 2
= 35 –  ( 2 ðzu økwýíkkt yLku ¼køkíkkt)
5 2
36
= 35 –
10
= 35 – 3.6
= 31.4
yk{, ½hËeX AkuzLke MktÏÞkykuLkku {æÞf 31.4 Au.

68 Äkuhý - 10 | økrýík (çkurÍf)

46. ynª, fw÷ rðãkÚkeoykuLke MktÏÞk = 8 + 21 + 11 + 10 = 50
 yuf rðãkÚkeo ÞkáÂåAf heíku ÃkMktË fhðkLkk «ÞkuøkLkkt fw÷ þõÞ Ãkrhýk{ku 50 ÚkkÞ.
(i) Äkhku fu, ½xLkk A : ÃkMktË fhu÷ rðãkÚkeoyu 20 fu íkuÚke ykuAk økwý {u¤ÔÞk nkuÞ.
20 fu íkuÚke ykuAk økwý {u¤ðLkkh rðãkÚkeoykuLke MktÏÞk 8 Au.
 ½xLkk A WËT¼ððk {kxuLkk þõÞ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 8 Au.
8
 P(A)=
50
4

25
(ii) Äkhku fu, ½xLkk B : ÃkMktË fhu÷ rðãkÚkeoyu 41 yLku 60 ðå[u økwý {u¤ÔÞk nkuÞ.
 ½xLkk B WËT¼ððk {kxuLkk þõÞ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 11 Au.
11
 P(B) =
50
(iii) Äkhku fu, ½xLkk C : ÃkMktË fhu÷ rðãkÚkeoyu 40 Úke ðÄw økwý {u¤ÔÞk nkuÞ.
40 Úke ðÄw økwý {u¤ðLkkh rðãkÚkeoykuLke MktÏÞk = 11 + 10 = 21 Au.
 ½xLkk C WËT¼ððk {kxuLkk þõÞ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 21 Au.
21
 P(C) =
50
rð¼køk – D
47. Mk{«{kýíkkLkku {q¤¼qík «{uÞ (ÚkuÕMkLkku «{uÞ) : òu rºkfkuýLke fkuE yuf çkkswLku Mk{ktíkh Ëkuhu÷e hu¾k çkkfeLke çku
çkkswykuLku r¼LLk ®çkËwyku{kt AuËu, íkku íku çkkswyku Ãkh fÃkkíkk hu¾k¾tzku íku çkkswykuLkwt Mk{«{ký{kt rð¼ksLk fhu Au.
Ãkûk :  ABC Lke çkksw BC Lku Mk{ktíkh hu¾k çkkfeLke çku çkkswyku AB yLku AC Lku yLkw¢{u D yLku E{kt AuËu Au.
AD AE
MkkæÞ : 
DB EC
A
N M
D E

B C
Mkkrçkíke : BE íkÚkk CD Ëkuhku yLku DM  AC yLku EN  AB Ëkuhku.
1 1
nðu, ar (ADE) =  AD  EN, ( rºkfkuýLkwt ûkuºkV¤ = ÃkkÞku  ðuÄ )
2 2
1
ar (BDE) =  DB  EN,
2
1
ar (ADE) =  AE  DM y™u
2
1
ar (DEC) =  EC  DM
2
1
ar (ADE) 2  AD  EN AD
 
   ar (BDE) 1 ... (1)
 DB  EN DB
2
Äkuhý - 10 | ykRrzÞ÷ ÃkuÃkhMkux (yMkkRLk{uLx) 69
 1
ar (ADE) 2  AE  DM AE
 
yLku ar (DEC) 1 ... (2)
 EC  DM EC
2
nðu, BDE yLku DEC yu yuf s ÃkkÞk DE Ãkh y™u Mk{ktíkh hu¾kykuLke òuz BC yLku DE ™e ðå[u ykðu÷k
rºkfkuýku Au.
 ar(BDE) =ar(DEC) ... (3)

nðu Mk{efhýku (1), (2) yLku (3) ÃkhÚke,

AD AE
 .
DB EC
48. ykf]rík ÃkhÚke,

AD AE
(i) 
DB EC

AD 1.8
 
7.2 5.4

1.8
 AD   7.2
5.4

1
 AD   7.2
3
 AD = 2.4 Mku{e
(ii) AC = AE + EC
 AC = 1.8 + 5.4
 AC = 7.2 Mku{e
(iii) AB = AD + DB
 AB = 2.4 + 7.2
 AB = 9.6 Mku{e
(iv)  ADE Lku Mk{YÃk rºkfkuý  ABC Au.
49. ynª, rî½kík Mk{efhý 2x2 + 2 6 x + 3 = 0 ykÃku÷ Au.
ax2 + bx + c = 0 MkkÚku Mkh¾kðíkkt,
a = 2, b = 2 6 yLku c = 3
2
 
nðu, rððu[f b2 – 4ac = 2 6 – 4(2)(3)
= 4(6) – 24
= 24 – 24 = 0
 b2 – 4ac = 0
 ykÃku÷ Mk{efhýLkkt çkes ðkMíkrðf yLku Mk{kLk {¤u.
b
 Mk{efhýLkkt çktLku Mk{kLk çkes =
2a
2 6
=
2(2)

70 Äkuhý - 10 | økrýík (çkurÍf)

  6
=
2
 6  6
 ykÃku÷ Mk{efhýLkkt çkes = , Au. sðkçk
2 2
50. ynª, Mk{ktíkh ©uýeLkwt 7 {wt ÃkË 108 Au.
 a7 = 108
an = a + (n – 1)d
 a7 = a + (7 – 1)d
 108 = a + 6d ...(1)
nðu, 11 {wt ÃkË 212 Au.
 a11 = 212
a11 = a + (11 – 1)d
 212 = a + 10d ...(2)
Mk{efhý (2) {ktÚke Mk{efhý (1) çkkË fhíkkt,
a + 10d = 212
a + 6d = 108
– – –

4d = 104
104
 d =
4
 d = 26
Mk{efhý (1) {kt d = 26 {qfíkkt,
108 = a + 6d
 108 = a + 6(26)
 108 = a + 156
 a = 108 – 156
 a = (– 48)
nðu 20 {wt ÃkË þkuÄðk {kxu,
an = a + (n – 1)d
 a 20 = (– 48) + (20 – 1)26 (n = 20 {qfíkkt)
 a 20 = (– 48) + (19)26
 a 20 = (– 48) + 494
 a 20 = 446
yk{, ykÃku÷ Mk{ktíkh ©uýeLkwt 20 {wt ÃkË 446 Au. sðkçk

Äkuhý - 10 | ykRrzÞ÷ ÃkuÃkhMkux (yMkkRLk{uLx) 71

 xi  a
51. ðøko ykð]r¥k {æÞ®f{ík ui = fiui
h
(fi) (xi)

10 – 20 7 15 –2 – 14

20 – 30 8 25 –1 – 08

30 – 40 10 a = 35 0 00

40 – 50 15 45 1 15

50 – 60 10 55 2 20

fw÷ fi = 50 -- -- fiui = 13

ynª, h = 10 yLku a = 35
fi ui
{æÞf x = a + f ×h
i

13
= 35 + × 10
50
130
= 35 +
50
13 2
= 35 + × ( 2 ðzu økwýíkkt yLku ¼køkíkkt)
5 2
26
= 35 +
10
= 35 + 2.6

= 37.6 sðkçk
52. MkkiÚke Ãknu÷k Mkt[Þe ykð]r¥k cf {u¤ðeþwt.

ðøko–ytíkhk÷ ykð]r¥k (fi) Mkt[Þe ykð]r¥k (cf)

65 – 85 4 4

85 – 105 5 9

105 – 125 13 cf = 22

l = 125 – 145 f = 20 42

145 – 165 14 56

165 – 185 8 64

185 – 205 4 68

fw÷ n = 68 –

72 Äkuhý - 10 | økrýík (çkurÍf)

 n 68
ynª, n = 68    34
2 2

34 Úke íkhík {kuxe Mkt[Þe ykð]r¥k 42 Au. su 125 – 145Lkkt ðøkoLke Mkt[Þe ykð]r¥k Au. íkuÚke {æÞMÚk ðøko 125–145
ÚkkÞ.

{æÞMÚk ðøkoLke yÄ:Mke{k l = 125

{æÞMÚk ðøkoLke ykøk¤Lkk ðøkoLke Mkt[Þe ykð]r¥k cf = 22
yð÷kufLkkuLke MktÏÞk n = 68
{æÞMÚk ðøkoLke ykð]r¥k f = 20
ðøko÷tçkkE h = 20

n 
 2  cf 
{æÞMÚk M  l   h
 f 
 
 68 
 2  22 
 125     20
 20 
 
 34  22 
 125     20
 20 
 12 
 125     20
 20 
= 125 + 12
= 137
 {æÞMÚk M = 137 yuf{ sðkçk
53. ÃkkMkkLku yuf ðkh WAk¤ðk{kt ykðu íkku íkuLke A MkÃkkxeyku Ãkife fkuE Ãký yuf MkÃkkxe {¤u.
 ÃkkMkku WAk¤ðkLkk «Þkuøk{kt fw÷ þõÞ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk = 6
(i) Äkhku fu, ½xLkk A : ÃkkMkk Ãkh çkk¤fLku ytf 1 {¤u.
ÃkkMkkLke ºký MkÃkkxeyku ytf 1 çkíkkðu Au.
 ½xLkk A Lku MkkLkwfq¤ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 3 Au.

3
 P(A) 
6
1

2

(ii) Äkhku fu, ½xLkk B : ÃkkMkk Ãkh çkk¤fLku ytf 2 {¤u.

ÃkkMkkLke yuf MkÃkkxe ytf 2 çkíkkðu Au.
 ½xLkk B Lku MkkLkwfq¤ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 1 Au.

1
 P(B) 
6

Äkuhý - 10 | ykRrzÞ÷ ÃkuÃkhMkux (yMkkRLk{uLx) 73

 (iii) Äkhku fu, ½xLkk C : ÃkkMkk Ãkh çkk¤fLku ytf 5 {¤u.
ÃkkMkkLke yuf MkÃkkxe ytf 5 çkíkkðu Au.
 ½xLkk C Lku MkkLkwfq¤ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 1 Au.

1
 P(C) 
6
(iv) Äkhku fu, ½xLkk D : ÃkkMkk Ãkh çkk¤fLku ytf 3 {¤u.
ÃkkMkk Ãkh fkuE Ãký MkÃkkxe ytf 3 çkíkkðíke LkÚke.
 ½xLkk D Lku MkkLkwfq¤ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 0 Au.
0
 P(D) 
6
0
54. Ãkuxe{kt 1 Úke 100 ÷¾u÷k 100 çkkuzo Au.
 yuf çkkuzo ÃkMktË fhðkLkk «Þkuøk{kt fw÷ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 100 Au.
(i) Äkhku fu, ½xLkk A : ÃkMktË fhu÷ çkkuzo Ãkh yuf ytfLkku Lktçkh nkuÞ.
1 Úke 100 MkwÄe{kt yuf ytfLkk 1, 2, 3, ..., 9. yu{ fw÷ 9 Lktçkh nkuÞ Au.
 ½xLkk A WËT¼ððk {kxuLkk þõÞ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 9 ÚkkÞ.
9
 P (A) =
100
= 0.09
(ii) Äkhku fu, ½xLkk B : ÃkMktË fhu÷ çkkuzo Ãkh çku ytfLkku Lktçkh nkuÞ.
1 Úke 100 MkwÄe{kt çku ytfLkk 10, 11, 12, ..., 99. yu{ fw÷ 90 Lktçkh nkuÞ Au.
 ½xLkk B WËT¼ððk {kxuLkk þõÞ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 90 ÚkkÞ.

90
 P (B) =
100
= 0.9
(iii) Äkhku fu, ½xLkk C : ÃkMktË fhu÷ çkkuzo Ãkh ºký ytfLkku Lktçkh nkuÞ.
ºký ytfLkku Võík yuf Lktçkh 100 Au.
 ½xLkk C WËT¼ððk {kxuLkk þõÞ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 1 ÚkkÞ.

1
 P (C) =
100
= 0.01
(iv) Äkhku fu, ½xLkk D : ÃkMktË fhu÷ çkkuzo ÃkhLkku Lktçkh 5 Lkku økwrýík nkuÞ.
1 Úke 100 MkwÄe{kt 5 Lkk økwrýíkkuLkk ytf 5, 10, 15, ..., 100. yu{ fw÷ 20 Lktçkh nkuÞ Au.
 ½xLkk D WËT¼ððk {kxuLkk þõÞ Ãkrhýk{kuLke MktÏÞk 20 ÚkkÞ.

20
 P (D) =
100
= 0.2

    

74 Äkuhý - 10 | økrýík (çkurÍf)