Properties of Most Organic and Inorganic Compounds

Properties Organic Inorganic

Flammable (yes/no) Yes Yes
Melting point (low/high) Low High
Boiling point (low/high) Low High
Solubility in water (yes/no) Yes Yes
Solubility in nonpolar liquids (yes/no) Yes No
Types of bonding (covalent/ionic) Covalent Ionic
Reaction occur between (molecules/ions) Molecules Ions
Atoms per molecule (many/few) Few Many
Structure (complex/simpler) Complex Simpler
Electrolyte (yes/no) Yes Yes
CHEMIO ACT 3

Name: Tamura Kouji T

Section: P 21

I. Complete the table below about Organic and Inorganic Compounds

II. Complete the table about different types of organic compounds.

GROUPS OF ORGANIC Definition 3 EXAMPLES (NAMES &

COMPOUNDS CHEMICAL STRUCTURE)
 Alkane any of the series of
saturated hydrocarbons
including methane, ethane,
propane, and higher
members.
Alkene any of the series of
unsaturated hydrocarbons
containing a double bond,
including ethylene and
propylene.
Alkyne any of the series of
unsaturated hydrocarbons
containing a triple bond,
including acetylene.
Aromatic Hydrocarbon are cyclic, planar compounds
that resemble benzene in
electronic configuration and
chemical behavior.
Alcohol any organic compound
whose molecule contains
one or more hydroxyl groups
attached to a carbon atom.
Aldehyde an organic compound
containing the group —CHO,
formed by the oxidation of
alcohols. Typical aldehydes
include methanal
(formaldehyde) and ethanal
(acetaldehyde).
Ketone an organic compound
containing a carbonyl group
=C=O bonded to two
hydrocarbon groups, made
by oxidizing secondary
alcohols. The simplest such
compound is acetone.
Carboxylic acid an organic acid containing a
carboxyl group. The simplest
examples are methanoic (or
formic) acid and ethanoic (or
acetic) acid.
Ether pleasant-smelling colorless
volatile liquid that is highly
methane - CH4
ethane - CH3CH3
butane - CH3CH2CH2CH3
ethene - CH2=CH2
propene - CH2=CHCH3
butene - CH2=CHCH2CH3
Propyne - C3H4
Butyne - C4H6
Hexyne - C6H10
aniline - C6H5–NH2
benzoic acid - C6H5–COOH
bromobenzene - C6H5–Br
Ethanol - C2H5OH
propanol - CH3CH2CH2OH
butanol - CH3CH2CH2C
H2OH
Methanal - HCHO
Ethan - CH2CHO
Propanal - C2H5CHO
Propanone - CH3−O∣∣C−CH3
acetophenone - C8H8O
benzophenone - C13H10O
caproic acid - CH3(CH2)4CO2H
enanthic acid CH3(CH2)5CO2H
caprylic acidCH3(CH2)6CO2H
Methoxy CH3O–
 flammable. It is used as an Ethoxy CH3CH2O
anesthetic and as a solvent Isopropoxy (CH3)2CHO
or intermediate in industrial
processes.
Ester an organic compound made methyl acetate-CH3COOCH3
by replacing the hydrogen of ethyl acetate-CH3COOCH2CH3
an acid by an alkyl or other ethyl
organic group. Many propionate-CH3CH2COOCH2C
naturally occurring fats and H3
essential oils are esters of
fatty acids.
Amine an organic compound made Methylamine - CH3NH2
by replacing the hydrogen of Aniline - C6H5NH2
an acid by an alkyl or other trimethylamine - C3H9N
organic group. Many
naturally occurring fats and
essential oils are esters of
fatty acids.
Amide an organic compound Formamide HCONH2
containing the group Polyamide
—C(O)NH2, related to
ammonia by replacing a
hydrogen atom by an acyl
group.