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    631590859-el-arte-de-la-inteligencia-pdf

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    631590859-el-arte-de-la-inteligencia-pdf

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    María Gabriela Cueva Jiménez
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    631590859-el-arte-de-la-inteligencia-pdf

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    Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 ADVANCE UNCORRECTED PROOFS The Craft of INTELLIGENCE Allen Dulles NEWYORK, EVANSTON, AND LONDON HARPER & ROW, PUBLISHERS Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 1 The Graft of Intelligence 658 TRIE DISCRETION THE CRAFT OF INTELLIGENCE, by Allen Dulles CPYRGHT This engrowing book iy Daved on Mv, Dalles unequaled expat ence as a diplomat and an intelligence officer. Mr. Dulles was with dhe Central Incelligence Agency more than ten years, the last eight as its Director. Here he sums up what he has learned from nearly 2 hall-century of experience in diplomacy, espionage, counterespio- nage, and the clandestine side of foreign affairs In World War II his agents penetrated the German Foreign Office and worked with the amticNari underground resistance, Under his direction the CLA developed both a dedicated corps of specialists and 1 whole range ol new intelligence dleviees, from the U-2 high-altitude photographie pline to minute electronic listening equipment. His knowledge of Soviet espionage techniques is unrivaled and he has studlied the history of espionage from the Biblical Joshua co the British spy who “assisted” Benjamin Franklin. Mr. Dulles reveals much about how intelligence is collected and processed, how analyses of this information contribute to the forma- tion of national policy. He discusses methods of confusing the adver: sary, of surveillance and che fof defectors from hostile nations. He explains how the Sor’ fe Security Service recruits operatives and plants “illegals” in foreign countries, He spells ont nat only the techniques of modern espionage but also the philosophy Sanitizeu “Approved For Release" CIARbPT000058R000100240001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 CPYRGHT 1A . spiracy, Mr. Dulles denies that the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion was based on. 4 GIA estimate that a popular Cubsn uprising would ensue. He - ‘warns that the Soviets will step up their conspiracy activities against the West. He defends the practice of secret intelligence in a free society and offers arguments opposing more Congressional controls - over GIA activities, This aecount is enlivened with a wealth of personal anecdote. It is 4 book uniquely sauhoritative and revealing for readers who seck - wider understanding of intelligence operations in the cold war era Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 CPYRGHT The Craft of Intel Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 eet cl EEA EA Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP7Q400058R000100260001-4 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Books by Allen Dulles "THE CRAFT OF INTELLIGENCE AN WE BE NEUTRAL? (Goth Hamilton Pish Armstrone) Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 = Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 . 3A losth Hamilton Fish Armstrong) mec mE ; The Craft of . INTELLIGENCE : by : Allen Dulles Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 3B lll NEW YORK, EVANSTON, AND LONDON HARPER & ROW, PUBLIST mr EEE EAE Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 { Sanitized - Approved, For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 “s 4 ‘The Craft of Intelligence 653, ec KEKE 2 ety acnezowarin sor awse ven OF 198 W. Dues. Printed tie caure OF wrest Copgght © 1963 nd Gnued states of erie, at igs reser the rrp iy monner have who wit fermion inn grea Hater © Ttow, Publisher, Inenrporaied 4 ast 3d Steet, New York 15, 2 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 4A neany OF CONCH CATALOG CARD NIMDIN: 69-16907 REET, oc AE EE CONTENTS: CPYRGHT 1A PERSONAL NOTE 2 THE HISTORICAL SETTING 3 THE EVOLUTION OF AMERICAN INTELLIGENCE 4. THE INTELLIGENCE REQUIREMENIS OF ‘A FREE SOCIETY 5 THE TASK OF COLLECTION 6 co ON--WHEN THE MACHINE TAKES OVER 7 PLANNING AND GUIDANCE 8 THE MAIN OPPONENT. -THE COMMUNIST INTELLIGENCE SERVICE Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-+ : CPYRGHT 4B wi ‘9 coUNTERINTELLAGENCE 20 voucwteres - 11 CONFUSING THE ADVERSARY - 12 Wow INTRLLAGENCE 18 PUT TO Us 13. TE MAN ON THE 108 7 14 MYTHS, MISHAPS AND MISCHIEF-MAKERS « 15 TH ROL# OP INTELLIGENCE IN THE COLD WAR 16 secuRTTY Wy A eRER socIETY 7 ‘17 INTELLIGENCE IN OUR FREE SOCIETY Fy bipnsocnarny INpex - Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 5 ‘The Graft of Intelligence 655 = cs pee ; CPYRGHT A Personal Note My interest in world affairs startedl early; in fact, it goes back to my childhood days. T was brought up on the stories of my paternal grandiather’s voyage of 131 days in a sailing vessel from Boston to Madras, India, where he was @ missionary. He was almost ship- wrecked on the way, In my youth, was often in Washington with, my maternal grandparents, My grandfather, John W, Foster, had been Secretary of State in 1892 under President Harvison. Alter serving in the Givil War he had become a general and had later been our envoy to Mexico, to Russia and to Spain. My mother bat spent mach of her youth in the capitals of these countries, my Tather had studied abroad, L grew up in the atmosphere of family debates on what was going on in the world My earliest recollections are of the Spanish and Boer Wars. In 1901, at the age of eight, I was an avid listener ay my grandfather and his son-invlaw, Robert Lansing, who was to become Secretary fof State under President Woodrow Wilson, hotly discussed the merits of the British and Boer causes. 1 wrote out my own views— vigorous and misspelled —which were discovered by my elders and published as « litle booklet; it became a “best seller” in the Wash: ington area. 1 was for the “underdog.” Alter graduating from college a few months before the outbreak of World War Tin 1914, sharing the general ignorance about the Sarjitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001- Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 CPYRGHT 5A dramatic events that lay ahead, T worked my way around the world, teaching school in India and then China, and traveling widely in the Far East. 1 returned to the United States in 1915; and a year before our entry into the war, 1 becin service. member of the diplomatic During the next ten years I served in a series of fascinating posts. First in Austria-Hungary, where in 1916-17 1 saw the beginnings of the breakup of the Hapsburg monarchy. Then in Switzerland during the war days, I gathered intelligence on what was going on behind the fighting front in Germany, AustriaHungaey and the Balkans. 1 was, in fact, much more of an intelligence officer than a diplomat. Assigned to the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 for the Versailles Treaty negotiations, | helped draw the frontiers of the new Czechoslovakia and worked on ute problems relating to Russia's revolution and the peace settlement in Central Europe, When the Conference closed, I was one of those who opened! on first postwar mission in Berlin in 1920, and alter « tour of duty at Constantinople J served four years as Chief of the Near East Division of the State Department. By that time, 1926, although I had still not exhausted my curi sity about the world, T hael exhausted my exchequer and turned to the practice of the law; a practice that was interrupted for periods of government service as legal adviser to ou delegations 10 the League of Nations conferences on arms limitation. In connec- tion with this work I met Hitler, Mussolini, Litvinov and the lead cers of Britain and France When war threatened us in 1911, President Franklin D, Roose velt summoned Colonel (later Major General) William J. Donovan to Washington to develop : comprehensive intelligence service. As the organizer and director of the Office of Strategic Services during World War LI, Bill Donovan, I teel, is rightly regarded as the father ‘of moder United States intelligence. Alter Peat! Harbor he asked me to join him, and [ served with him in the OSS until the wars against Germany and Japan were over. S4nitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-’ Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 CPYRGHT ————— During these four demanding years 1 worked chiefly in Switzer- land and after the German armistice in Berlin, [believe in the case history method of learning a protession, and here I hadl case after case, and T shall make use of them to illustrate various points in this narrative, Following the armistice with Japan, T recurned to. New York and the practice of luv, This, however, dil not prevent me from playing an active role in connection with the formulation of the legislation setting up the Central Intelligence Agency in 1947, The following year, President Truman asked me to head ap 2 committee of thee, the other two members being William H. Jack: son, whorhad served in wartime military intelligence, and Mathias B, Correa, who had been a special assistant to the Secretary of the Navy, James Forrestal, We were asked to report on the elective ness of the CLA us onganized under the 1947 act and the relationship of CIA activities Co those of other intelligence organs of the gov- ermment. Our report was submitted to President Truman upon his re election and I returmed once again to Lullaime practice of the law, expecting this time to stay with it. But writing reports for the government sometimes has unexpected consequences, You may be asked to help put your recommendations into effect. That is what happened to me. Our report suggested some rather drastic changes in the organization of CLA, particularly in the intelligence estims. tive process. General Walter Bedell Smith, who bad become Director in 1950, liked the looks of the report ancl asked Jackson and me to. come clown and discuss it with him. [ went to Washington intend: ing to stay six weeks, 1 remained with CLA for eleven years, nine years as its Director, Since returning to private life in November of 1961, I have felt that it was high time hat someone-even though he be a deeply concerned advocate—should cell what properly cin be cole about intelligence as a vital element of the structure of our government in this moclern age. Intelligence is probably the Teast understood and the most misrepresented! of the professions, One reason for this was well expressed by President Kennedy when, on November 28, 1961, he cime out to inaugurate the new CIA Headquarters Building andl to say good-bye t0 me as Director Banitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001- ™ — Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000100260001-1 CPYRGHT 6G The Craft of Intelligence 653, He then remarked: "Your successes are unheralded, your failures . are trumpeted.” For obviously you cannot tell of operations that go ‘along well. Those that go bully generally speak for themselves The President then added a word of encouragement to the sev- = eral thousind men and women of GLA: bat 1 am sure you realine howe iagportant is your work, ow essential iv isnand in the long sweep of history how significant your efforts will - De judged, So Ido want to expres my appreciation to you naw, and Tam confine that in the future you will continue tw merit the appreciation ‘of our country, as you fave fe the pas - 11 is hardly reasonable to expect proper understanding and sup: port for intelligence work in this country if it is only the insiders, a few people within the executive and legislative branches, who - know anything whatever about the GLA, Others continue 10 draw their knowledge from the socalled inside stories by writers who hhase never been on the inside. - There are, of course, sound reasons for not divulging intelligence secrets, It is well to remember that what is sold wo the pablic also gets to the enemy. However, the discipline and sechniques—what - Wwe call the trulecraft of intelligence are widely known in the profession, whatever the nationality of the service nay be. What muse not be disclosed, sa will not be disclosed here, is where ancl - hhow and when the wadlecraft has been or will be employed in par ticular operations unless this his alreaily been disclosed elsewhere, as in the case of the U-2, for example - CIA is not an sinderground operation, AIL one necds to do is 10 road the law-the National Security Net of 19 idles of what it is set up 10 do. It has, of cours to get a general a secret side and - the law permits the National Security Council, which in effect means the President, to assign to the GIA certain duties and func tions in the intelligence lield im addition to those specifically - enumerated ithe Jaw. ‘These functions ate not disclosed, But GIA isnot the only government agency where secrecy is important. The Departments of Seate and of Defense also guard with great care the Sanitized - Approved For Release : CIA-RDP70-00058R000190260001-1 6A security of much hat they do, ‘One of my own guiding principles in intelligence work when T ‘was Dinector of Central Intelligence was to use every htnan means to preserve the secrecy and security of those activities, but only those where this was essential, and not co make a mystery of what is a matier of common knowledge or obvious to friend and foe alike, Shortly after | became Director, 1 had # good illuste utility of certain kinds of secrecy, Dr. Milton Fisenhower, brother of the President, biel a volunteered to drop him by st my office, They started out

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