SOLUTIONS FOR QR Q SOLVED PAPERS

SOLVED PAPER-3
Time: 3 Hours MATHS- IB Max. Marks : 75
SECTION -A
I. Answer ALL the following Very Short Answer Questions: 10 ´ 2 = 20
1. Find the ratio in which the straight line 2x+3y–20=0 divides the join of the points (2,3) and (2,10)
2. Find the length of the perpendicular from the point (–2,–3) to the straight line 5x–2y+4=0
3. Show that the points (1,2,3), (7,0,1), (–2,3,4) are collinear.
4. Find the equation of the plane through the point (a,b,g) and parallel to the plane ax+by+cz=0
sin(x  1) esinx 1
5. Find Lt 6. Evaluate Lt
x o1 x 2  1 xo0 x
sinhy
dy
7. 2
If f(x)=2x +3x–5, then prove that f '(0)+3f '(–1)=0. 8. If x = e then find

Q
dx
§x·
9. Find the length of subtangent at a point on the curve y = bsin ¨ ¸

-
©a¹
10. 2
Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function f(x) = x – 5x + 6 in the interval [–3, 8]
SECTION-B

R
II. Answer any FIVE of the following Short Answer Questions: 5 ´ 4 = 20
11. Find the equation of locus of a point , which forms a triangle of area 2 with the points A(1,1,), B(–2,3)
12. When the origin is shifted to the point (–1, 2), the transformed equation of a curve is

A
x2 + 2y2 + 16 = 0. Find the original equation of the curve.
13. Find the equation of the straight line parallel to the line 3x+4y=7 and passing through the point of

T
intersection of the lines x–2y–3=0, x+3y–6=0.
­ sin 2x xSin 1 x
° if x z 0 dy

S
14. Is f defined by f ( x ) ® x continuous at 0? 15. If y then find
°̄1 1 x 2 dx
if x 0
16. The radius of an air bubble is increasing at the rate of 1/2 cm/sec. At what rate is the volume of
the bubble increasing when the radius is 1cm? x
17. Find the equation of tangent and normal to the curve y=2.e 3 at the point where the curve meets the Y-axis
SECTION-C
III. Answer any FIVE of the following Long Answer Questions: 5 ´ 7 = 35
18. Find the orthocenter of the triangle whose sides are given by x+y+10=0, x–y–2=0 and 2x+y–7=0
19. If (a,b) is the centroid of the triangle formed by the lines ax2+2hxy+by2=0, lx+my=1 then
D E 2
bl  hm am  hl 3(bl  2hlm  am 2 )
2

20. Find the condition for the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the circle x2+y2=a2
and the line lx+my=1 to coincide.
21. A(1,8,4), B(0,–11,4), C(2,–3,1) and 3 points and D is the foot of the perpendicular from A to BC.
Find the coordinates of D.
b  a sin x ·
22. Find the derivative of Sin 1 §¨ ¸ w.r.to x
©  b cos x ¹
a
23. Show that the square of the length of subtangent at any point on the curve by2=(x+ a)3, b¹0 varies
with the length of the subnormal at the point.
24. Find the maximum area of the rectangle that can be formed with fixed perimeter 20.
SOLVED PAPERS SOLUTIONS FOR QR Q
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SOLUTIONS
SECTION-A
1. Find the ratio in which the straight line 2x+3y–20=0 divides the join of the points
(2,3), (2,10)
Sol: The given points are (x1,y1)=(2,3) and (x2,y2)=(2,10); Let L=2x+3y–20
Now, L11=2(2)+3(3)–20=14–20= –7 and L22=2(2)+3(10)–20=34–20=14
\ the required ratio is –L11 : L22= –(–7) : 14 = 7 : 14 = 1:2
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
2. Find the length of the perpendicular from the point (–2,–3) to the straight line
5x–2y+4=0
| ax1  by1  c |
Sol: Perpendicular distance from (x1,y1) to ax+by+c=0 is

Q
a 2  b2
\ Perpendicular distance from (–2,–3) to 5x–2y+4=0 is

-
| 5(2)  2( 3)  4 | | 10  6  4 | 0
= 0
52  2 2 29 29
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

R
3. Show that the points (1,2,3), (7,0,1), (–2,3,4) are collinear.
Sol: Let A=(1,2,3), B=(7,0,1), C=(–2,3,4)

A
AB (1  7)2  (2  0)2  (3  1)2 36  4  4 44 2 11

T
BC (7  2) 2  (0  3) 2  (1  4) 2 81  9  9 99 3 11

S
CA (2  1)2  (3  2)2  (4  3)2 9 11 11
Now, AB  CA 2 11  11 3 11 BC \ A,B,C are collinear
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
4. Find the equation of the plane through the point (a,b,g) and parallel to the plane
ax+by+cz=0
Sol: The equation of any plane parallel to ax+by+cz=0 is ax+by+cz+k=0 ......(1)
If (1) passes through (a,b,g) then aa+bb+cg+k=0 Þ k = –aa–bb–cg
\ (1) Þ ax+by+cz–aa–bb–cg=0 Þ a(x–a)+b(y–b)+c(z–g)=0
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
sin(x  1)
5. Find Lt
x o1 x 2  1
sin(x  1) sin(x  1) sin(x  1) 1 1 1
Sol: Lt Lt Lt . Lt 1.
2
x o1 x  1 (x 1)o0 (x  1)(x  1) (x 1)o0 x  1 x o1 x  1 11 2
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
3x  1
6. Find Lt x
x of 4  1
§ 1 · 1
x
3x ¨ 1  ¸ x 1
3 1 © 3x ¹ §3· 3x 1 0 3
Sol: Lt Lt Lt ¨ ¸ . Lt 0. 0.1 0 ('  1)
x of 4 x 1 x of x § 1 · x of © 4 ¹ x of 1 1 0 4
4 ¨1  ¸ 1
© 4x ¹ 4x
SOLUTIONS FOR QR Q SOLVED PAPERS
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7. If f(x)=2x2+3x–5, then prove that f '(0)+3f '(–1)=0.

Sol: Given f(x)=2x2+3x–5 Þ f '(x) = 4x+3

Then f '(0) = 0+3=3 and f '(–1) = –4+3= –1
\ f '(0)+3f '(–1) =3+3(–1)=3–3=0
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
dy
8. If x=esinhy then find
dx
Sol: Given that x=esinhy; differentiating w.r.to y
dx d dy 1
esinh y sinh y esinh y .cosh y x cosh y Ÿ
dy dy dx x cosh y
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––

Q
§x·
9. Find the length of subtangent at a point on the curve y = bsin ¨ ¸ .

-
©a¹
§x·
Sol: Let P(x,y) be any point on the curve y bsin ¨ ¸ ........(1)
©a¹

R
dy § x ·1
On differentiating (1) w.r.to x, we get b ¨ cos ¸
dx © a ¹a

A
§ dy · b §x·
?m ¨ ¸ cos ¨ ¸

T
© dx ¹ P a ©a¹ §x· §x·
bsin ¨ ¸
y bsin ¨ ¸
y1 ©a¹ ©a¹ a tan
x
b x
Length of sub-tangent = cos b §x· b §x·

S
a
m a a cos ¨ ¸ cos ¨ ¸
a ©a¹ a ©a¹
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
10. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function f(x) = x2 – 5x + 6 in the interval [–3,8]

Sol : Being a Polynomial function, the given function f(x) is continuous and differentiable on R
\ f(x) = x2–5x+6 is (i) continuous on [–3,8] and (ii) differentiable in (–3,8)
Now, f(–3) =x2–5x+6= (–3)2–5(–3)+6 = 9+15+6 =30
f(8) = (8)2–5(8)+6 = 64–40+6 =24+6 =30
\ f(–3) = f(8)
Hence, f(x) satisfies all the 3 conditions of Rolle’s theorem.
\ By Rolle’s theorem, there exists cÎ(–3,8) such that f '(c)=0
Now, f(x) = x2–5x+6 Þ f '(x) = 2x–5
Hence, f '(c)=0 Þ 2c=5 Þ c=5/2=2.5
Here, c=2.5Î(–3,8)
Thus, Rolle's theorem is verified.
SOLVED PAPERS SOLUTIONS FOR QR Q
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SECTION-B
11. Find the equation of locus of a point, which forms a triangle of area 2 with the points
A(1,1,), B(–2,3)

Sol: Given that A=(1,1), B=(-2,3) and P(x.,y) be a point on the locus.
From the given condition, area of DPAB=2
1 x 1 x  2
Ÿ 2 Ÿ (x  1)(y  3)  (y  1)(x  2) 2(2)
2 y 1 y  3
Ÿ| xy  3x  y  3  (xy  2y  x  2) | 4 Ÿ| xy  3x  y  3  xy  2y  x  2 |
Ÿ| 2x  3y  5 | 4 Ÿ| 2x  3y  5 | 4 Ÿ 2x  3y  5 r4
Ÿ 2x  3y  5 4 (or) 2x  3y  5 4
Ÿ 2x  3y  9 0 (or) 2x  3y  1 0

Q
Ÿ (2x  3y  9)(2x  3y  1) 0

-
\ The equation of locus of P(x,y) is (2x+3y–9)(2x+3y–1)=0
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
12. When the origin is shifted to the point (–1,2), the transformed equation of a curve is

R
x2+2y2+16=0.Find the original equation of the curve.
Sol: From the transformed(new) equation we have to find original(old) equation.

A
Let the new coordinates of any point (x,y) be denoted by (X,Y).
Then the given equation be written as X2+2Y2+16=0

T
Here, the new origin (h,k) = (–1,2)
\ X=x–h=x+1 and Y=y–k=y–2

S
\ the original equation of X2+2Y2+16=0 is (x+1)2+2(y–2)2+16=0
Þ x2+2x+1+2(y2–4y+4)+16=0 Þ x2+2x+1+2y2–8y+8+16=0 Þ x2+2y2+2x–8y+25=0
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
13. Find the equation of the straight line parallel to the line 3x+4y=7 and passing through
the point of intersection of the lines x–2y–3=0, x+3y–6=0.

Sol: First we find the Point of intersection of x–2y–3=0, x+3y–6=0.

x y 1
(2)( 6)  3( 3) (3)(1)  1(6) 1(3)  1(2)
x y 1 x y 1 21 3
Ÿ Ÿ Ÿx ,y
12  9 3  6 3 2 21 3 5 5 5
§ 21 3 ·
\ Point of Intersection= ¨ , ¸
© 5 5¹
Now, the equation of any line parallel to 3x+4y=7 is of the form 3x+4y=k.
§ 21 3 · § 21 · § 3 ·
If this line passes through ¨ , ¸ then 3 ¨ ¸  4 ¨ ¸ k
© 5 5¹ © 5 ¹ ©5¹
63 12 75
Ÿ  kŸ k Ÿ k 15
5 5 5
\ The equation of the required line is 3x+4y=15 Þ3x+4y–15 =0
SOLUTIONS FOR QR Q SOLVED PAPERS
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­ sin2x
° if x z 0
14. Is f defined by f(x) = ® x continuous at 0?
°̄1 if x = 0

Sol: Given that f(0)=1

sin 2x
Now Lt f ( x) 2 ? Lt f ( x) z f ( 0) \ f is not continuous at x=0
Lt
xo0 xo0 x xo0
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
xSin 1 x dy
15. If y = then find
1  x2 dx
d d
1 x2 xSin 1 x  ( xSin 1 x ) 1 x2
dy d §¨ xSin 1 x ·¸ dx dx
Sol:
dx dx ¨ 1  x 2 ¸ ( 1  x 2 )2
© ¹

Q
§ 1 · 1

-
1  x 2 ¨ x.  Sin 1x(1) ¸  (xSin 1 x) (2x)
¨ 2 ¸ 2
© 1 x ¹ 2 1 x
2
1 x

R
§ 1 2 · 2 1
§ 1  x 2 · ¨ x  Sin x. 1  x ¸  x Sin x
¨ ¸
© ¹¨ ¸

A
© 1  x2 ¹ 1  x2
1  x2

T
x 1  x 2  Sin 1 x (1  x 2 )  x 2 Sin 1 x x 1  x 2  Sin 1 x
2 3/ 2
( 1  x 2 )(1  x 2 ) (1  x )

S
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
16. The radius of an air bubble is increasing at the rate of 1/2 cm/sec. At what rate is the
volume of the bubble increasing when the radius is 1cm?
Ans: Let r be the radius of the air bubble and V be its volume
dr
1 dV
Given that cm / sec , we have to find at r=1
dt
2 dt
4 3 dV 4 dr 1
Volume of the spherical air bubble V Sr Ÿ S 3r2 4S(1)2 2S cm3/sec
3 dt 3 dt 2
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
x
17. Find the equation of tangent and normal to the curve y = 2.e 3 at the point where the
curve meets the Y-axis
x
Sol: Given curve is y=2.e 3 .........(1)
Equation of Y-axis is x=0...........(2)
Solving (1) and (2), we get y=2e0=2
The point of intersection is P(0,2)
§ x · x
x dy ¨ 1¸ 2 3
Differentiating both sides w.r.to x, we get dx 2 e .
3  e
y=2.e 3 ¨ 3¸ 3
© ¹
SOLVED PAPERS SOLUTIONS FOR QR Q
6
§ dy · 2 2
Þm ¨ ¸  e0 Ÿ m 
© dx ¹P(0,2) 3 3
Equation of the tangent to the curve at P(0,2) is y–y1=m(x–x1)
2
Ÿy2 (x  0) Ÿ 3y  6 2x Ÿ 2x  3y  6 0
3
Equation of normal to the curve at P(0,2) is
1 3
y  y1  (x  x1 ) Ÿ y  2 (x  0) Ÿ 2y  4 3x Ÿ 3x  2y  4 0
m 2

SECTION-C
18. Find the orthocenter of the triangle whose sides are given by x+y+10=0, x–y–2=0,
2x+y–7=0
A

Q
Sol: Let x+y+10=0....(1), x–y–2=0 ....(2) 2x+y–7=0 .....(3)
represent the sides of DABC.

-
(1) (2)
x+y+10=0 x–y–2=0
Let O be the orthocentre of DABC O
First we find the equation of the altitude through A

R
Solving (1) and (2), we get A; x+y+10=0 B 2x+y–7=0 C
(3)
x-y–2=0

A
x y 1 x y 1
Ÿ Ÿ

T
2  10 10  2 1  1 8 12 2
Ÿ x 4, y 6 ? A ( 4, 6)

S
The slope of the opposite side BC, 2x+y–7=0 is -2
Þ the slope of its perpendicular is 1/2
The equation of the altitude passing through A(–4,–6) and with slope 1/2 is
y+6=(1/2)(x+4) Þ 2y+12= x+4=0 Þ x-2y–8=0 .... (4)
Now, we find the equation of the altitude through B
Solving (1) & (3) we get B; x+y+10=0
2x+y–7=0
x y 1 x y
Ÿ Ÿ 1
7  10 20  7 1  2 17 27
Ÿ x 17, y 27 ? B (17, 27)
The slope of the opposite side AC, x-y–2=0 is 1
Þ the slope of its perpendicular is -1
The equation of the altitude through B(17,-27) and with slope -1 is y+27=-1(x-17)
Þ x+y+10=0 .....(5)
Solving (4) & (5) we get orthocentre O;
(4)–(5) Þ –3y –18 =0 Þ3y = –18Þ y = –6
From (4), x =2y+8= 2(–6)+8 = –12+8 = –4.
\ Orthocentre = (–4, –6)
SOLUTIONS FOR QR Q SOLVED PAPERS
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19. If (a,b) is the centroid of the triangle formed by the lines ax2+2hxy+by2=0, lx+my=1

then bl  hm = am  hl =
3(bl  2hlm + am2 )
2

Proof: Let the 2 lines of ax2+2hxy+by2=0 be y=m1x, y=m2x.

2h a
Then we know that m1  m 2 , m1m 2 
b b
Now, solving lx+my-1=0, m1x-y+0=0, we get A
x y 1 x y 1
Ÿ Ÿ
m(0)  (1)(1) (1)(m1 )  l (0) l (1)  m(m1 ) 1 m1 l - mm1
§ 1 m1 · § 1 m2 ·
Ÿ A(x, y) A ¨ , ¸;B ¨ , ¸
© l  mm1 l  mm 2 ¹ © l  mm 2 l  mm 2 ¹

Q
Similarly, solving lx+my-1=0, m2x-y=0, we get

-
Also, the point of intersection of ax2+2hxy+by2=0 is O(0,0)
and it was given that the centroid of DOAB is (a,b)

R
§ 1 1 m1 m2 ·
¨ 0  l  mm  l  mm 0  l  mm  l  mm ¸
Ÿ (D, E) ¨ 1 2 1 2 ¸

A
,
¨ 3 3 ¸
¨ ¸
© ¹

T
§ 1 1 m1 m2 ·
Ÿ (3D, 3E) ¨  ,  ¸
© l  mm 1 l  mm 2 l  mm1 l  mm 2 ¹

S
§ l  mm 2  l  mm1 m1 (l  mm 2 )  m 2 (l  mm1 ) ·
¨ , ¸
© (l  mm1 )(l  mm 2 ) (l  mm1 )(l  mm 2 ) ¹

§ 2l  m(m1  m 2 ) l (m1  m 2 )  m1m 2 (m  m) ·

¨ , ¸
¨ l  lm(m  m )  m m m l 2  lm(m  m )  m 2 m m
2 2 ¸
© 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 ¹
§ § 2h · § 2h · a ·
¨ 2l  m ¨  ¸ l ¨  ¸  (2m) ¸ § 2lb  2hm -2hl  2am ·
¨ © b ¹ , © b ¹ b ¸ ¨ ¸
b b
¨ 2 § 2h · 2§a· 2 § 2h · §a ·¸ ¨ 2 , ¸
¨ l  l m ¨  ¸  m ¨ ¸ l  ¨ ¸ lm  m 2 ¨ ¸ ¸ ¨¨ bl  2h l m  am 2
bl 2
 2hlm  am 2 ¸¸
© © b ¹ ©b¹ © b ¹ ©b¹¹
© b b ¹
§ 2(lb  hm) 2(am  hl ) ·
Ÿ (3D, 3E) ¨
2 ¸
,
2 2 2
© bl  2hlm  am bl  2hlm  am ¹
2(lb  hm) D 2
Ÿ 3D Ÿ
2
bl  2hlm  am 2 lb  nm 3(bl  2hlm  am 2 )
2(am  hl ) E 2
and 3E Ÿ
2
bl  2hlm  am 2 am  hl 3(bl  2hlm  am 2 )
2

D E 2
Ÿ
lb  nm am  hl 3(bl  2hlm  am 2 )
2
SOLVED PAPERS SOLUTIONS FOR QR Q
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20. Find the condition for the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the
circle x2+y2=a2 and the line lx+my=1 to coincide.
Sol: The equation of the given chord is lx+my=1 ...(1) lx+my=1
Now, we homogenise the circle x2+y2=a2 using (1)
Ÿ x 2  y 2 a 2 (12 ) Ÿ x 2  y 2 a 2 (lx  my) 2
Ÿ x 2  y 2  a 2 (l 2 x 2  2lmxy  m 2 y 2 ) 0 O
x2+y2=a2
Þ x2(1–a2l2)–2a2lmxy+y2(1–a2m2)=0
If above pair of lines are coincident then h2=ab
Þ (a2lm)2=(1–a2l2)(1–a2m2)=1–a2m2–a2l2+a4l2m2
Þ a2l2+a2m2=1
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
21. A(1,8,4), B(0,–11,4), C(2,–3,1) and 3 points and D is the foot of the perpendicular
from A to BC. Find the coordinates of D.

- Q
Sol: Given that A(1,8,4), B(0,–11,4), C(2,–3,1)
§ 2k  3k  1 k  4 ·
Let D divides BC in the ratio k : 1 Ÿ D ¨ , , ¸
© k 1 k 1 k 1 ¹

R
 3k  11 k4
... A=(1,8,4) we have Dr's of AD §¨ ·
2k
 1,  8,  4¸
© k  1 k  1 k  1 ¹

A
§ 2k  k  1  3k  11  8k  8 k  4  4k  4 · § k  1  11k  19  3k ·
¨ , , ¸ ¨ , , ¸ .....(1)
© k 1 k 1 k 1 ¹ © k 1 k 1 k  1¹

T
Also, B=(0,–11,4), C=(2,–3,1) Þ Dr's of BC=(0–2, –11+3, 4–1) = (–2. –8, 3) ....(2)
But AD A BC Ÿ a 1a 2  b1b 2  c1c 2 0

S
§ k 1· § 11k  19 · § 3k ·
Ÿ¨ ¸(2)  ¨ ¸(8)  ¨ ¸(3) 0 Þ (k–1)(–2)+(11k+19)8–(3k)(3)=0
© k  1¹ © k 1 ¹ © k  1¹
Þ –2k+2+88k+152–9k=0 Þ 77k+154=0Þ77k=–154 Þ k = –2
§4 5 2 ·
§ 2k  3k  1 k  4 · § 2(2)  3(2)  11  2  4 ·
?D ¨ , , ¸ ¨ , , ¨ ¸ , , ¸ (4,5,2)
© k 1 k 1 k 1 ¹ ©  2 1  2 1 © 1 1 1¹
 2 1 ¹
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
§ b + asinx ·
22. Find the derivative of Sin 1 ¨ ¸ w.r.to x
© a + bcosx ¹
d § b  a sin x · 1 d § b  a sin x ·
Sol: Sin 1 ¨ ¸ ¨ ¸
dx © a  b sin x ¹ § b  a sin x ·
2 dx © a  b sin x ¹
1 ¨ ¸
© a  b sin x ¹

§ d d ·
¨ (a  b sin x) (b  a sin x)  (b  a sin x) (a  b sin x) ¸
1.(a  b sin x) ¨ dx dx ¸
2 2 ¨  2 ¸
(a  b sin x)  (b  a sin) ¨ (a b sin x ) ¸
© ¹
1 § (a  b sin x)(a cosx)  (b  a sin x)(b cosx ·
¨ ¸
(a 2  b2 sin2  2absin x)  (b2  a 2 sin2 x  2absin x) © a  b sin x ¹
SOLUTIONS FOR QR Q SOLVED PAPERS
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a 2 cos x  ab sin x cos x  b 2 cos x  ab sin x cos x (a 2  b 2 ) cos x

(a 2  b 2 )  sin 2 x (a 2  b 2 ) .(a  b sin x ) a 2  b 2 (1  sin 2 x ).(a  b sin x )

(a 2  b 2 ) cos x (a 2  b 2 ) cos x a 2  b2
(a 2  b 2 ). cos 2 x .(a  b sin x ) a 2  b 2 cos x.(a  b sin x ) a  b sin x

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
23. Show that the square of the length of subtangent at any point on the curve by2=(x+a)3,
b¹0 varies with the length of the subnormal at the point.

Sol: The given equation is by2=(x+a)3; differntiating w.r.to x

dy dy 3( x  a ) 2
2by 3( x  a ) 2 Ÿ
dx dx 2by

Q
3(x  a ) 2 3(x  a ) 2

-
dy
\ Length of the subnormal at any point P(x,y) is PN y y ....(1)
dx 2by 2b
y 2by 2 by2 2 (x  a) 3 2

R
Length of the subtangent is PT y (x  a) ...(2)
dy/ dx 3(x  a)2 3 (x  a)2 3 (x  a ) 2 3

A
PT 2 4 2b 8b
From (1) &(2); (x  a ) 2 . a cons tan t
PN 9 3( x  a ) 2 27

T
\ PT2 µ PN
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
24. Find the maximum area of the rectangle that can be formed with fixed preimeter 20.

S
Sol: Let x and y denote the length and the breadth of a rectangle respectively.
Given that the perimeter of the rectangle is 20.
Þ 2(x+y)=20 Þ x+y=10 .........(1)
Let A denote the area of rectangle. Then A=xy .........(2) which is to be minimized.
From (1) , y=10–x .......(3)
From (3) and (2), we have A=x(10–x) Þ A=10x–x2 .....(4)
dA
Differentiating (4) w.r.to x we get 10  2x .......(5)
dx
The stationary point is a root of 10–2x=0 Þ x=5
\ x=5 is the stationary point.

d2A
Differentiating (5) w.r.to x, we get 2 which is negative.
dx 2
Therefore by second derivative test, the area A is maximized at x=5.
Here y=10–5=5 and the maximum area is A=5(5) = 25 sq.units