Rational Discipline as a Preserver of Humanity

Discipline of the Head: Nietzsche suggests that the majority of humanity has
traditionally taken pride in their rationality. They see it as their duty and
virtue, and they are embarrassed by or ashamed of undisciplined, imaginative, and
irrational thinking.
Healthy Common Sense: This rational majority values "healthy common sense" and has
been crucial in preserving humanity by maintaining order and stability.
The Threat of Madness
Outbreak of Madness: Nietzsche identifies the greatest danger to humanity as the
outbreak of madness, characterized by arbitrary feelings, perceptions, and
thoughts. He warns against the enjoyment of unreason and the lack of intellectual
discipline.
Faith in Agreement: He posits that the opposite of madness is not necessarily
truth, but rather the universal bindingness of a commonly held faith or belief
system. This shared faith ensures non-arbitrary judgment and consensus.
The Labor of Agreement
Law of Agreement: Humanity's greatest effort has been to achieve agreement on many
things, laying down a law of consensus. This collective discipline has preserved
human society, but it remains fragile due to powerful counter-drives.
Future Uncertainty: Nietzsche expresses skepticism about the future of humanity, as
the collective picture of reality continues to shift. He suggests that these
changes might accelerate, and the desire for truth among the most select minds
often leads them to rebel against common beliefs.
The Appeal of Madness
Nausea and New Lust: For more subtle minds, the common faith can induce nausea and
a longing for something new. The slow pace of intellectual processes demanded by
universal belief can drive artists and poets to seek the thrill of madness, which
offers a more exhilarating tempo.
Need for Virtuous Stupidity: Nietzsche calls for "virtuous intellects" or "virtuous
stupidity" to maintain the stability of common faith. These individuals act as
unwavering keepers of the slow, deliberate spirit needed to keep society together.
The Role of the Exception
Exceptions and Danger: Nietzsche acknowledges that exceptions—those who resist the
common faith—are necessary and have value. However, he warns that these exceptions
must not become the rule, as they pose a constant danger to the stability of
humanity.
In summary, Nietzsche emphasizes the importance of rational discipline and common
faith in preserving humanity while recognizing the persistent allure and danger of
unrestrained imagination and madness. He calls for a balance, where the exceptions
exist but do not dominate, allowing society to maintain its stability.