The Sound of Music

(Use these questions & answers only to understand the lessons. Don’t by heart any of the answers.)

a) How did Evelyn’s parents come to know about her deafness?

Once Evelyn‘s name was called in the class but she did not respond. At that time she was just eight
year old. Her performance in class had deteriorated. The headmistress called her parents and
suggested to take her to a specialist. It was then her parents came to know about her deafness.

b) How was Evelyn’s hearing impaired?

Evelyn’s hearing was impaired as a result of gradual nerve damage.

c) Why does Evelyn say ‘Everything suddenly looked black’?

By the time she was eleven, Evelyn’s hearing was severely affected and her parents were advised
that she should be fitted with hearing aids and sent to school for the deaf.

d) Who spotted Evelyn’s potential for playing music? What advice did he give her? Percussionist
Ron Forbes spotted Evelyn’s potential for playing music. He advised her not to listen through her
ears but to try and sense it some other way.

e) How did Ron Forbes teach Evelyn to ‘listen’?

Ron Forbes began by tuning two large drums to different notes. He encouraged her not to listen
through her ears. He asked her to try to sense it some other way. Suddenly, Evelyn realized that she
could feel the higher drum from the waist up and the lower one from the waist down. With
repetition of the exercise, Evelyn soon discovered that she could sense certain notes in different
parts of the body. She learnt to open her mind and body to sounds and vibrations.

f) Why doesn’t Evelyn accept any hint of heroic achievement?

Evelyn doesn’t accept any hint of heroic achievement because according to her – If you work hard
and know where you are going, you’ll get there.

g) How is Evelyn able to speak despite being deaf?

Evelyn speaks flawlessly with a Scottish lilt because she could hear till she was eleven. However it
does not explain how she managed to learn French and basic Japanese.

h) How was Evelyn a source of great pleasure to her audience?

Evelyn was very young. She performed despite her handicap. Her music was better than those of her
double age. She was an inspiration to the handicapped. Thus, she has given enormous pleasure to
millions.
i) Why was Evelyn nervous while on the way to Royal Academy of music?

Evelyn was only seventeen year old girl while she was going to perform in Royal Academy of music.
She was nervous as she was completely deaf. Moreover, she was Scottish.

j) Why did Evelyn say that men with bushy beards gave her trouble?
Evelyn was a deaf girl. She understood others by reading their facial expressions and movements of
their eyes and lips. It was difficult for her to read these movements of beard men. Thus, she
remarked that men with bushy beards gave her trouble.

k) Why does Evelyn remove her shoes on a wooden platform?

Evelyn removes her shoes on a wooden platform that vibrations pass through her bare feet and up
her legs.

l) Why, according to master percussionist James Blades does Evelyn express music so
beautifully?

According to James Blades, God may have taken Evelyn’s hearing but he has given her back
something extraordinary. What we hear, she feels far more deeply than any of us. That is why she
expresses music so beautifully.

Question 1: Answer these questions in a few words or a couple of sentences each. 1. How old was
Evelyn when she went to the Royal Academy of Music?

Evelyn was seventeen years old when she went to the Royal Academy of Music in London.

2. When was her deafness first noticed? When was it confirmed?

Her deafness was first noticed by her mother when Evelyn was eight years old. She was once waiting
to play the piano. When her name was called, she did not move. That was when her mother realized
that Evelyn had not heard anything. Her deafness was confirmed when she was eleven. Her marks
had deteriorated and her headmistress had urged her parents to take her to a specialist. It was then
discovered that gradual nerve damage had severely impaired her hearing.

Question 2: Answer each of these questions in a short paragraph (30 – 40 words).

1. Who helped her to continue with music? What did he do and say?

Percussionist Ron Forbes was the first person to notice Evelyn’s potential. He began by tuning two
large drums to different notes. He asked Evelyn not to listen through her ears but to try and sense
the sound in some other manner. Suddenly Evelyn realized that she could feel the higher drum from
the waist up and the lower drum from the waist down. Forbes repeated the exercise and Evelyn
realized that she could sense certain notes in different parts of her body.

2. Name the various places and causes for which Evelyn performs.

Evelyn always delighted her audience. She had toured the United Kingdom with a youth orchestra.
She had a very hectic international schedule. Apart from the regular concerts, she gave free concerts
in prisons and hospitals. She gave high priority to classes for young musicians because of which she
was a shining inspiration for deaf children.

Question 3:Answer the question in two or three paragraphs (100 – 150 words).

1. How does Evelyn hear music?

Evelyn heard music by sensing the notes in different parts of her body. When Ron Forbes tuned two
drums and asked her to sense the sound without using her ears, she realized that she could feel the
higher drum from the waist up and the lower drum from the waist down. When she played the
xylophone, she could sense the sound passing up the stick into her fingertips. By leaning against the
drums, she could feel the resonances flowing into her body. On a wooden platform, she removed
her shoes so that the vibrations could pass through her bare feet. She herself said that music poured
in n through every part of her body. It tingled in the skin, her cheekbones and even in her hair.

a) Why did Aurangazeb ban the playing of the musical instrument ‘pungi’?

Emperor Aurangazeb banned the playing of the musical instrument ‘pungi’ in the royal residence
because it had a shrill unpleasant sound.

b) Who decided to improve the tonal quality of the ‘pungi’?

A barber of a family of professional musicians who had access to the royal palace decided to
improve the tonal quality of the ‘pungi’.

c) Describe the new instrument made by the barber.

The barber chose a pipe with a natural hollow stem that was longer and broader than the ‘pungi’and
made seven holes on the body of the pipe. When he played on it, closing and opening some of these
holes , soft and melodious sounds were produced.

d) How was pungi came to be named ‘shehnai’ ?

A barber of a family of professional musicians decided to improve the pungi . He chose a pipe with a
hollow stem that was longer and broader than the pungi . He played the instrument before the
royalty and everyone was impressed. Since it was played by a barber . the instrument came to be
named as ‘Shehnai’

e) Where was the shehnai played in the past?

The shehnai was part of the naubat or traditional ensemble of nine instruments found at royal
courts. The sound of the shehnai was considered auspicious, hence till recently it was played in
temples and at North Indian weddings.

f) What award did Bismillah Khan regularly get as a five year old?

As a five year old, he would regularly go to the nearby Bihariji temple to sing the Bhojpuri ‘Chaita’ at
the end of which he would earn a big laddu weighing 1.25 kg which was given by the local Maharaja.

g) What do people call Bismillah fondly? People call him Khansaab.

h) Where did the young boy practice the musical instrument?

The young boy practiced the musical instrument on the banks of the Ganga and the temple of Balaji
and Mangala Maiya.These became his favourite haunts where he could practise in solitude.

i) What inspired him to invent raagas?

The flowing waters of the Ganga inspired him to improvise and invent raagas that were earlier
considered to be beyond the range of the shehnai.

j) How did Bismillah Khan take to music ?

Bismillah Khan took to music early in life. When he was three years old, his mother took him to his
maternal uncle’s house in Benaras . Bismillah Khan was fascinated watching his uncle’s practice the
shehnai . soon Bismillah began to accompany his uncle to the Vishnu temple of Benaras.
Meanwhile , he started getting lessons in shehnai and did a lot of practice.

k) Why was Ustad Bismillah Khan exceedingly fond of Benaras and Dumraon ?

He was born in Dumraon and grew up there playing the ‘gillidanda’ and singing in temples.

At the age of three, Bismillah Khan was taken to his maternal uncle’s house . It is there that he
started getting lessons in playing the shehnai . He practiced on the banks of the Ganga and the
temples in Benaras. The flowing waters of the Ganga inspired him to improvise and invent raagas
that were earlier considered to be beyond the range of the shehnai.

l) How did 15 August 1947 become a memorable day for Ustad Bismillah Khan? When India
gained Independence on 15 August 1947 , Bismillah Khan became the first Indian to greet the nation
with his shennai from Red Fort. He poured his heart out into Raag kafi to an audience which
included Pandit Jawahalal Nehru.

Question 3: Answer these questions in 30 – 40 words.

1. Why did Aurangzeb ban the playing of the pungi?

Emperor Aurangzeb banned the playing of the pungi in the royal residence for it had a shrill and
unpleasant sound. It became the generic name for reeded noisemakers.

2. How is a shehnai different from a pungi?

Shehnai is a pipe with a natural hollow stem that is longer and broader than the pungi. It has seven
holes on its body. When it is played, the closing and opening of some of the holes produces soft and
melodious sounds.

3. Where was the shehnai played traditionally? How did Bismillah Khan change this?
Traditionally, the shehnai was part of the traditional ensemble of nine instruments found at royal
courts. It was used only in temples and weddings. However, Ustad Bismillah Khan brought in the
change by bringing it onto the classical stage.

4. When and how did Bismillah Khan get his big break?

Bismillah Khan had accompanied his uncle to the Allahabad Music Conference at the age of
fourteen. At the end of his recital, Ustad Faiyaz Khan patted his back and told

him to work hard and he shall make it big in life. He got his big break with the opening of the All
India Radio in Lucknow in 1938. He soon became an often-heard shehnai player on radio.

5. Where did Bismillah Khan play the shehnai on 15 August 1947? Why was the event historic?
On 15 August 1947, Bismillah Khan played the shehnai from the Red Fort. It was a historic day as
India gained independence on that day. He became the first Indian to greet the nation with his
shehnai. His audience included illustrious names such as Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and Mahatma
Gandhi.

6. Why did Bismillah Khan refuse to start a shehnai school in the U.S.A.?

Bismillah Khan refused to start a shehnai school in the U.S.A. because he could not live outside India.
His student, who had asked him to head the shehnai school, promised that he would recreate the
atmosphere of Benaras by replicating the temples in the city. However, he wanted to know if his
student could also transport River Ganga, which his student obviously could not. He himself said
that whenever he was in a foreign country, he kept yearning to see Hindustan.

7. Find at least two instances in the text which tell you that Bismillah Khan loves India and
Benaras.

Bismillah Khan immensely loved India, particularly Benaras and Dumraon. In his initial years, the
temple of Balaji, Mangala Maiya, and the banks of River Ganga in Benaras became his favourite
haunts where he could practice in peace and solitude. River Ganga’s flowing waters inspired him to
improvise and invent ragas that were once thought to be beyond the range of shehnai. Bismillah
Khan refused to start a shehnai school in the U.S.A. because he could not live outside India. His
student, who had asked him to head the shehnai school, promised that he would recreate the
atmosphere of Benaras by replicating the temples in the city. However, he wanted to know if his
student could also transport River Ganga, which his student obviously could not.