Design of Machine Elements II

ACTIVITY
submission

Name: Souvik Mondal

Roll No:2102061

under the guidance of

Prof. Ajay Kumar Behera

School of Mechanical Engineering

KIIT, deemed to be a university
Bhubaneswar

April 2024
Abstract
A cylinder is a vital part of the engine. It's a chamber where fuel is combusted and power is
generated. The cylinder consists of a piston and two valves at the top; an inlet and exhaust
valves. The piston moves up and down, and its reciprocating motion generates power that
moves our vehicle.

Page No

Table of Contents
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1. Statement of the Problems………………………...………………………1

2. Objectives……………………………………………………………………….3

3. Numerical Approach.………………………………………………………..5

(i) Part Modeling

(ii)Material Properties
(iii) Boundary Conditions
(iv) Initial Condition (Force/pressure/torque etc. applied)
(v) Mesh
(a) Element Type

(b) Mesh Size

4. Result and Analysis……………………………………………….…………..6

5. Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………...7

6. References ……………………………………………………………………...8

1) Problem Statement

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The cylinder of a four-stroke diesel
engine has the following specifications:
Cylinder bore = 150 mm
Maximum gas pressure = 3.5 MPa
Cylinder material = Grey cast iron FG 200
(Sut = 200 N/mm²)
Factor of safety = 5
Poisson's ratio = 0.25
Determine the thickness of cylinder wall. Also calculate the apparent and net circumferential and
longitudinal stresses in the cylinder wall.

2) Objective
The objective of this experiment is to design a cylinder based on the circumferential or hoop
stress.Also find the thickness and longitudnal stress on the cylinder and finally the net stress and
factor of safety on the cylinder by using the ansys software.

Stress Analysis- Stress analysis involves evaluating the distribution and

magnitude of stresses within the piston structure under various operating

conditions. This analysis considers factors such as combustion pressure,
thermal expansion, and mechanical loading. Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
techniques are commonly employed to simulate stress distribution and
identify potential areas of concern where stress concentrations may occur.

Factor Of Safety- The factor of safety represents the margin of safety

between the maximum stress experienced by the piston and its ultimate

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strength. It is calculated as the ratio of the material's ultimate strength to the
maximum stress applied. A higher factor of safety indicates greater safety
against failure. Designers typically aim for a factor of safety that ensures
reliable performance under anticipated operating conditions while

accounting for uncertainties in material properties and loading conditions .

Numerical Approach

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Conclusion
Hence, by this ansys analysis we can conclude that-
 Cylinder Bore- 150mm
 Max Gas Pressure- 3.5 MPa
 Factor Of Safety- 5
 The thickness of the cylinder -12 mm
 Circumferential Stress- 22 N/mm²
 Longitudnal Stress- 11N/mm²
 Net Stress- 20N/mm²

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