NSE VOLUME 2 REPORT

TECHNICAL REPORT
VOLUME 2
CONSTRUCTION OF 125MMSCFD GAS PROCESSING PLANT
AND
ERECTION ON 2 NOS. 3000Nm3/Hr CNG COMPRESSOR SKID
PRESENTED TO
THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF ENGINEERS (NSE)
BY
AHIAMADU JACKSON SAMUEL
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION AS

CORPORATE MEMBER OF THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF ENGINEERS
FEBRUARY 2024
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CERTIFICATE OF SUBMISSION
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TABLE OF CONTENT
CERTIFICATE OF SUBMISSION ............................................................................................. i
TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................................................ ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................ v
LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................... vi
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... vi
CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................................... 1
CONSTRUCTION OF 125MMSCFD GAS PROCESSING PLANT ...................................... 1
1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................... 1
1.1 OVERVIEW OF THE 125MMSCFD GAS PROCESSING PLANT ............................ 1
1.1.1 Inlet Gas Separation System: .................................................................................... 2
1.1.2 Gas Processing Units ................................................................................................ 2
1.1.3 Condensate Storage and Export System ................................................................... 3
1.1.4 Flare System.............................................................................................................. 3
1.1.5 Instrument Air System .............................................................................................. 3
1.1.6 Fire Fighting System ...................................................................................................... 4
1.2 JUSTIFICATION OR NEED FOR PROJECT ............................................................... 4
1.2.1 Monetization of Gas Resources ................................................................................ 5
1.2.2 Diversification of Energy Sources ............................................................................ 5
1.2.3 Internal Power Generation ........................................................................................ 5
1.2.4 Industrial Development ............................................................................................. 5
1.2.5 Environmental Benefits ............................................................................................ 6
1.2.6 Revenue Generation .................................................................................................. 6
1.2.7 Infrastructure Development: ..................................................................................... 6
1.3 PRELIMINARY STUDIES/INVESTIGATIONS ........................................................... 7
1.3.1 Resource Assessment ..................................................................................................... 7
1.3.2 Market Analysis ............................................................................................................. 7
1.3.3 Technical Feasibility Study ............................................................................................ 7
1.3.4 Environmental Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) ........................................................ 8
1.3.5 Economic Feasibility Analysis....................................................................................... 8
1.3.6 Risk Assessment ............................................................................................................ 9
1.3.7 Front End Engineering Design (FEED) ......................................................................... 9
1.4 DESIGN CONSIDERATION/BASIS ............................................................................... 9
1.5 STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATION .......................................................................... 11
1.6 METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN CALCULATIONS ................................................ 12
1.7 DRAWINGS ...................................................................................................................... 13
1.8 PREPARATION OF BILL OF ENGINEERING MEASURE AND EVALUATION
(BEME) .................................................................................................................................... 14
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1.9 CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION ................................................................... 15
1.9.1 Site Preparation ............................................................................................................ 17
1.9.2 Site Layout and Marking.............................................................................................. 18
1.9.3 Construction Management ........................................................................................... 19
1.10 PRE-COMMISSIONING, COMMISSIONING AND HANDOVER ........................ 30
1.10.1 Pre-commissioning and Commissioning ................................................................... 30
1.10.2 Handover .................................................................................................................... 33
1.11 PROJECT OUTCOME .................................................................................................. 38
CHAPTER TWO ........................................................................................................................ 40
INSTALLATION OF 2 NOS. OF 3000NM3/HR CNG COMPRESSOR SKID .................. 40
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................ 40
2.1 JUSTIFICATION OR NEED FOR PROJECT .............................................................. 41
2.2 PRELIMINARY STUDIES/INVESTIGATIONS .............................................................. 41
2.2.1 Evaluation of Existing Infrastructure ........................................................................... 41
2.2.2 Spatial Requirements ................................................................................................... 41
2.2.3 Hazard Analysis ........................................................................................................... 42
2.2.4 Assess Existing Utilities and Services: ........................................................................ 42
2.3 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS/CRITERIA ................................................................... 42
2.4 STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................ 43
2.5 PROCESS DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................. 43
2.6 DRAWINGS ...................................................................................................................... 45
2.7 PREPARATION BILL OF ENGINEERING MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION
(BEME) .................................................................................................................................... 45
2.8 SKID INSTALLATION ................................................................................................... 48
2.8.1 Erection of CNG Compressor Skids ............................................................................ 48
2.8.2 Mechanical Piping........................................................................................................ 50
2.9 PROJECT OUTCOME .................................................................................................... 52
CHAPTER FIVE......................................................................................................................... 53
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ........................................................................ 53
3.0 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................... 53
3.1 RECOMMENDATION ...................................................................................................... 53
REFERNECE .............................................................................................................................. 55
APPENDIX ................................................................................................................................... 56
Appendix 1: Site Pictures .......................................................................................................... 56
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Appendix 2: P&ID For Dehydration System ............................................................................ 63
Appendix 3: Demethanizer System (Fractionating System) ..................................................... 64
Appendix 4: Civil Drawing ....................................................................................................... 65
Appendix 5: Firewater Isometric Diagram ............................................................................... 66
Appendix 6: Approved for Construction Civil Diagram for Hot Oil Heater ............................ 67
Appendix 7: Approved Fabrication Drawing for Condensate Tank A & B (T-400A and T-400B)
used for BEME ......................................................................................................................... 68
Appendix 8: Condensate Tank A and Tank B Final Invoice used for BEME in Chapter 1 ..... 69
Appendix 9: Supporting Documents to Preparation of Bill of Engineering Measurement and
Evaluation for installation of 2 Nos. 3000Nm3/Hr CNG Compressor Skids ............................ 73
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my profound gratitude to Almighty God for His infinite mercy, providence,
and sustenance. His unwavering promise, "I am your father; I supply all your needs," has been a
source of strength, and I am truly thankful for His guidance in my journey.
A special note of appreciation goes to the Chairman of the Nigerian Society of Engineers, Maitama
Branch, Engr. Okoye U. Henry, FNSE, and Engr. Cyril Chibuzo Okoh, MNSE. Your brilliant
guidance and assistance have been invaluable, especially in entrusting me on this remarkable
journey.
I extend my heartfelt thanks to Josephinne Ajakpogha of NSE Maitama Branch, Abuja. Your
excellent support and unwavering commitment have been a constant encouragement. May God
bless you abundantly for your dedication in helping me at all times.
To my beloved parents, siblings, and Dr. Affectionate Sampson your unfailing support,
encouragement, and unwavering belief in me have been my foundation. I am grateful for the love
and strength you have provided on this journey.
Lastly, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to my colleagues at Borkir International

Company Limited. Thank you for your kind words and camaraderie. Your support has made a
significant impact, and I am truly thankful for the collaborative spirit within our team.
May God's blessings abound upon each of you for your contributions to my journey.
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Overview of 125MMSCFD Gas Processing Plant .......................................................... 4
Figure 2: CNG Compressor Skid .................................................................................................. 40
Figure 3: Process & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) of the CNG Compressor Skids .............. 44
Figure 4: Schematic of the CNG Compressor Skid ...................................................................... 44
Figure 5: General Arrangement Diagram (GAD) of CNG Compressor Skid............................... 45
Figure 6: Issued for Construction Civil Foundation for CNG Compressor Skid.......................... 50
Figure 7: Civil Foundation Floor Plan for CNG Compressor Skids ............................................. 50
Figure 8: Suit-at-Site Pipe Schematic for CNG Discharge Line .................................................. 52
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Fabrication of Two Condensate Tanks 12mtr Height and 16m Diameter ...................... 14
Table 2: Comprehensive Project Plan For 125MMSCFD Gas Plant ............................................ 20
Table 3: Internal Daily Project Progress Report ........................................................................... 22
Table 4: Stakeholders Project Status Report ................................................................................. 22
Table 5: Daily Project Progress Report for Department of Petroleum Resource ......................... 23
Table 6: Monthly Project Report to Department of Petroleum Resources ................................... 24
Table 7: Sample of the equipment erection status report .............................................................. 26
Table 8: Piping Progress Report for 125MMSFCD Gas Processing Plant ................................... 27
Table 9: Piping Network Master Loop File for Monitoring Process Piping Progress .................. 28
Table 10: Fire Water Network Loop File for Monitoring Progress in Fire Water Piping ............ 29
Table 11: Line List Versus Iso Diagram to Track Changes in Piping Iso Diagrams .................... 29
Table 12: Daily Tracking of Piping Erection According to Pipe Size .......................................... 30
Table 13: Walkthrough Checklist for Condensate Storage System .............................................. 31
Table 14: Punch Point Tracking Document for Firewater System ............................................... 32
Table 15: Hand-Over-Take-Over of Nitrogen System ................................................................. 34
Table 16: Performance Guaranty Test Report for Nitrogen Generator Unit A ............................ 35
Table 17: Spare Tracking Document for 125MMSCFD Gas Processing Plant ............................ 36
Table 18: Signed Spare Handover Document ............................................................................... 37
Table 19: List of Documents Transmitted to Operations Team by the Project
Team ............................................................................................................................................. 38
Table 20: Design Considerations for CNG Compressor Skid ...................................................... 43
Table 21: BEME for Piping works for 2 Nos. CNG Compressor Skids ....................................... 46
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CHAPTER ONE
CONSTRUCTION OF 125MMSCFD GAS PROCESSING PLANT
1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
This project highlights the construction and commissioning of a 125MMSCFD gas processing
plant which sits on land area of 1000 Km2 in Ogba-Ani community, Kwale, Delta State, Nigeria.
The gas processing plant designed with the state-of-the-art cryogenic technology in which the plant
processes 125MMSCFD Natural Gas to produce lean gas and about 600MTPD of propane &
Liquefied petroleum Gas (LPG) which are stored in 5 numbers of storage bullets each having a
storage capacity of 2200m3. The lean gas is evacuated through the OB3 gas trunkline to Nigerian
Gas Company (NGC), C3/C4/LPG are evacuated by road using 20T and 40T tankers and C5+ are
evacuated to Beneku Flowstation where they are blended with crude for export purposes.
Sterling Oil Exploration and Energy Production Company (SEEPCO), are both the Client of the
project and contracted Asthavinayak Hydrocarbon Limited (AHL) as the EPC charged with the
task of ensuring the plant is constructed according to project scope, within the required budget and
completion time. With the designs already completed, I worked SEEPCO as a project coordinator,
to constantly work closely with a multi-disciplinary team to plan and execute all project activities
and ensure timely completion of the project such that execution activities meet industry and
international standards and best practices.
1.1 OVERVIEW OF THE 125MMSCFD GAS PROCESSING PLANT

The 125MMSCFD (Million Standard Cubic Feet per Day) gas processing plant is a crucial facility
within the oil and gas industry designed to receive raw natural gas from wells and process it into
various marketable products such as natural gas liquids (NGLs), pipeline-quality dry natural gas,
and condensate.
Here's an overview of its key components and operations:
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1.1.1 Inlet Gas Separation System:
The main purpose of this system is to receive the wet gas from Beneku Flow Station. The inlet
gas separation system consists of which consists of the pig receiver, slug catcher, inlet gas
separator and condensate surge vessel. Raw natural gas from the 6 main gas producing fields
of OML-143 is received via a 16KM 14” feed pipeline at the processing plant through the
slug catcher and inlet gas separator. Upon arrival, it undergoes initial separation to remove
any entrained liquids and solids. Out of the 6 gas producing wells, one is an associated well,
with its oil and gas routed to the Beneku Flowstation for crude oil separation and extraction.
The low pressure associated gases from this well is then sent for compression prior to transfer
to the 125MMSCF plant via the 16KM 14” feed pipeline.
1.1.2 Gas Processing Units

The heart of the plant consists of various processing units aimed at removing impurities and
separating valuable hydrocarbon components. These units typically include:
a. Gas Dehydration Unit: Removes moisture from the gas stream to prevent hydrate
formation and corrosion in downstream equipment. Techniques like absorption molecular
sieve was used as the dehydration agent in the dehydration tower.
b. Cryogenic System: This system plays a crucial role in the separation and recovery of
natural gas liquids (NGLs) from the processed gas stream. The primary function of the
cryogenic system is to separate the natural gas stream into its constituent components,
including methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), and pentane
(C5H12), based on their boiling points.
c. Fractionation Unit: Separates the processed gas into its constituent components based on
boiling point, producing NGLs like ethane, propane, and butane, which have higher
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commercial value. This system comprises of the Depropanizer tower, debutanizer tower
and their associated skids.
d. Compression and Transportation: Once processed, the natural gas and NGLs are
typically compressed to pipeline pressures for transportation to end-users or further
processing facilities. Compression involves multiple stages to achieve the desired pressure
levels.
1.1.3 Condensate Storage and Export System

This system comprises of 2 storage tanks commissioned for the sole purpose for the storage
of produced condensate and export the same via pumps through a 16KM 4” pipeline to
Beneku Flow Station. Condensate from the surge vessel, slop tank and open OWD tank is
intermittently sent to the condensate storage tanks. This system comprises of 2 condensate
tanks (T-400A/B), condensate oil transfer pumps (P-400A/B), Non-custody Transfer Meter,
and Condensate Pig Launcher (L-130).
1.1.4 Flare System

The flare system manages the overpressure during operation and helps to safely relief the
facility during situations of process upset on the plant. It consists of the High-Pressure and
Low-Pressure Flare Header, High-Pressure KOD A & B, High-Pressure Flare System, Low-
Pressure KOD A & B, and Low-Pressure Flare System.
1.1.5 Instrument Air System

The purpose of the Instrument Air (IA) system for this plant is to ensure the supply of reliable
and clean air for various pneumatic instruments and control devices. The main components
of an Instrument Air system for this plant are three instrument air compressors and 3 air
receivers and other associated components.
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1.1.6 Fire Fighting System
The fire-fighting system for this plant is critical to ensuring the safety of personnel, equipment,
and the facility as a whole. The system comprises of a fire water ringmain, 2 firewater storage
tanks, firewater pumps, firewater jockey pump, and a fire water diesel day tank.
Overall, the 125MMSCFD gas processing plant plays a vital role in enhancing the value of raw
natural gas by removing impurities and separating valuable hydrocarbons, thereby contributing to
the efficient utilization of natural resources and meeting market demands for clean energy
products.
Figure 1: Overview of 125MMSCFD Gas Processing Plant
1.2 JUSTIFICATION OR NEED FOR PROJECT

The rationale behind the construction of the 125MMSCFD Gas Processing plant is to create a
fully operational Natural Gas Processing plant with the sole aim of extracting of propane and
butane to produce propane and butane along with natural gasoline (C5+) as a separate product.
The need for this project is multifaceted and are as follows:
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1.2.1 Monetization of Gas Resources
Nigeria possesses vast natural gas reserves, which are often underutilized or flared. The
construction of this 125MMSCFD gas processing plants allows for the extraction of valuable
natural gas liquids (NGLs) and the purification of pipeline-quality natural gas, enabling the
monetization of these resources through domestic consumption, export, or conversion into
value-added products via the petrochemical sector.
1.2.2 Diversification of Energy Sources

The 125MMSCFD plant contributes to the diversification of Nigeria's energy mix by
providing an alternative to traditional fossil fuels such as crude oil and coal. Natural gas is a
cleaner-burning fuel compared to other hydrocarbons, resulting in lower greenhouse gas
emissions and reduced environmental impact when used for power generation, industrial
processes, and transportation.
1.2.3 Internal Power Generation

Natural gas is a primary feedstock for electricity generation in Nigeria. Gas processing plants
play a crucial role in supplying the necessary fuel to power plants, thereby enhancing energy
security, reducing reliance on imported fuels, and mitigating power shortages. Additionally,
gas-fired power plants offer greater operational flexibility, efficiency, and reliability
compared to other forms of generation. This 125MMSCFD gas plant is a self-sufficient power
generating plant with capacity to supply electricity to neighboring communities within its
operational area
1.2.4 Industrial Development

Processed natural gas and its derivatives serve as feedstocks for various industries, including
petrochemicals, fertilizers, manufacturing, and metallurgy. The establishing of this gas
processing plants, supports industrial growth, promote value-added manufacturing, create job
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opportunities, and stimulate economic development across multiple sectors. As at today,
Indorama Petrochemical are a major offtake of propane from this plant.
1.2.5 Environmental Benefits

This gas processing plants contributes to environmental sustainability by reducing flaring,
minimizing air pollution, and mitigating climate change. By capturing and processing
associated gas from oil production activities n Beneku Flowstation, this gas processing plant
helps to minimize greenhouse gas emissions, protect air quality, and conserve natural
resources, aligning with Nigeria's commitments to international environmental agreements
and sustainable development goals.
1.2.6 Revenue Generation

The sale of natural gas, NGLs, and associated products generated from this 125MMSCFD gas
plants represents a significant source of revenue for the Federal and State governments as well
as the gas producers. Revenue generated from gas sales can be reinvested in infrastructure
development, social programs, education, healthcare, and other critical areas of national
development
1.2.7 Infrastructure Development:

The construction of this gas 125MMSCFD gas plant necessitates the development of
associated infrastructure such as pipelines, compression facilities, storage tanks, and
distribution networks. These infrastructure investments enhance connectivity, facilitate
resource mobilization, and promote regional development, benefiting both urban and rural
areas.
In summary, the construction of this 125MMSCFD gas processing plant in Nigeria is justified
by the need to unlock the economic, environmental, and social benefits associated with the
responsible utilization of Nigeria's abundant natural gas resources. By harnessing these
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resources effectively, Nigeria is poised to achieve sustainable development, energy security,
and industrial growth while addressing pressing societal challenges.
1.3 PRELIMINARY STUDIES/INVESTIGATIONS

Preliminary studies and investigations for the 125MMSCFD gas processing plant was essential
to gather data, assess feasibility, and determine the technical and economic viability of the
project. Here are some of the key preliminary studies and investigations that were conducted:
1.3.1 Resource Assessment

SEEPCO conducted a thorough assessment of the gas reserves to determine the quantity,
quality, and composition of the feedstock available for processing. This progressed further by
the evaluating the reservoir characteristics which included pressure, temperature, fluid
properties, and production potential, which are all crucial to the basis of design. Thereafter,
reservoir simulation studies were undertaken to understand reservoir behavior, predict
production rates, and optimize recovery strategies
1.3.2 Market Analysis

SEEPCO analyzed the market demand for processed gas products, such as natural gas, liquefied
petroleum gas (LPG), and condensate. To achieve this, the company assessed market trends,
pricing dynamics, supply-demand balance, and potential customers for the processed gas
products. It identified NGC as its potential customer for natural gas and the Nigerian local
market for its LPG whereas condensate is blended with crude oil for export purposes.
1.3.3 Technical Feasibility Study

SEEPCO evaluated the technical feasibility of its now operational 125MMSCFD gas processing
plant development. Factors such as location, infrastructure, access to utilities, and
environmental constraints were considered. On the availability of suitable sites for plant
construction, the company factors such as land availability, proximity to gas reserves,
7
transportation infrastructure were considered and Ogba-Ani Community in Kwale Delta State
was chosen as the most appropriate site for plant location. SEEPCO worked with EXTERRAN
Corporation now ENERFLEX LTD. To conduct preliminary process simulations and
engineering studies to determine the optimal processing technologies, equipment requirements,
and process configurations. In the end, EXTERRAN Corporation became the Technology
provider for the gas plant.
1.3.4 Environmental Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)

In collaboration with the Federal Ministry of Environment and key stakeholders, SEEPCO
conducted an Environmental Social Impact Assessment to evaluate the potential environmental
and social impacts of its gas processing plant in Ogba-Ani Community of Kwale, Delta State.
During this study, the company identified potential environmental risks, such as air emissions,
water discharges, noise pollution, and habitat disturbance, and developed mitigation measures
that will help in minimizing the various environmental and social impacts of its activities on its
host and neighboring communities. Thereafter, SEEPCO engaged with relevant regulatory
authorities, stakeholders, and local communities to address concerns and obtained necessary
permits as well as approvals for project development
1.3.5 Economic Feasibility Analysis

In conjunction with KPMG, SEEPCO performed economic feasibility studies to assess the
financial viability of its proposed 125MMSCFD gas processing plant project. In line with
industry practice, it estimated capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operating expenditure (OPEX)
requirements for plant construction, operation, and maintenance. The company further
conducted and developed some financial models incorporated with cash flow analysis where it
evaluated project economics, including return on investment (ROI), net present value (NPV),
8
and internal rate of return (IRR) and ascertained that the project was financially viable and had
huge economic profitability.
1.3.6 Risk Assessment

SEEPCO identified and assessed potential risks and uncertainties associated with the gas plant
project, including technical, environmental, regulatory, market, and financial risks. It developed
risk mitigation strategies and contingency plans to all address identified risks and uncertainties
to ensure its project resilience and success. By conducting these preliminary studies and
investigations, project developers can gain valuable insights into the feasibility, risks, and
opportunities associated with gas processing plant development, enabling informed decision-
making and successful project execution.
1.3.7 Front End Engineering Design (FEED)

SEEPCO awarded the FEED to ENERFLEX LTD (Former EXTERRAN CORPORATION)
with the sole aim to develop detailed engineering designs, specifications, and deliverables
required for procurement, construction, and commissioning. This detailed engineering helped
to develop comprehensive design documents, including process flow diagrams (PFDs), piping
and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs), equipment specifications, and plot plans.
1.4 DESIGN CONSIDERATION/BASIS

METEOROLOGICAL DATA OF KWALE LOCATION
PARAMETERS DATA
Project location Ogba-Ani Community, Kwale, Delta State
Altitude 25m above MSL
Normal prevailing wind direction Towards North East
Seismic Zone Zone 2A or Zone 3
Relative Humidity, % 79 to 87
MIN NORMAL MAX
Ambient Temperature °C 20 25 to 35 45
Rainfall, mm 138 - 462
Wind speed, m/s 1.6 - 6.5
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FEEDSTOCK DESIGN PARAMETERS
PARAMETERS DATA
Design Flowrate 125 MMSCFD
Maximum Operating Pressure 63.3 Kg/cm2
Maximum Operating Temperature 50 ºC
Normal Operating Pressure 59.77 Kg/cm2
Normal Operating Temperature 40 ºC
Minimum Operating Pressure 56.26 Kg/cm2
Minimum Operating Temperature 20 ºC
Minimum Flowrate 110 MMSCFD
FEED GAS COMPOSITION

COMPONENT MOL%
N2 1.600
CO2 1.200
H2S 0.000
C1 81.500
C2 6.900
C3 4.700
I-C4 1.100
N-C4 1.400
I-C5 0.500
N-C5 0.300
N-C6 0.300
C7+ 0.250
H2O 0.250
GPM 4.7
PRESSURE, PSIA 885
TEMP, DEG C 35
PRODUCT RECOVERY
PRODUCT Ethane (C2) Propane (C3) Butane (C4)
Main Component 98% 98 % 99 %
Product Outlet Temp < 40 °C < 40 °C < 40 °C
PLANT DAILY PRODUCTION CAPACITY

PRODUCT AMOUNT
Ethane (MT/Day) 398.62
Propane (MT/Day) 498.36
Butane (MT/Day) 620.493
C5+ (Barrel/Day) 1708
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1.5 STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATION
ENERFLEX LTD and AHL in designing and constructing the plant used and applied the
following standards and specifications;
ASME B 16.10 Face-to-Face & End-to-End Dimensions of Valves
ASME B 16.20 Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges-Ring-Joints Spiral Wound
ASME B 16.21 Non-Metallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
ANSI B 16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welding and Threaded
ASME B31.1 Power Piping
ASME B31.3 Process Piping
ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
ASME Section VIII Boiler and Pressure Vessel code
ANSI B 16-10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End dimension of ferrous valves
ANSI B 16-34 Valves Flanged and Butt Welding-End
ASME B 16.25 Butt Welding Ends
ASME B 16.9 Factory made Wrought Steel welding Fittings
ASME B1.1 United Inch Screw Threads
ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
ASME B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings up to and including NPS 24
ASME B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt Welding Fittings up to and
including NPS 24.
ISO/IEC 31010:2009 Risk Management- Risk Assessment Techniques
ISO Guide 73:2009 Risk Management- Vocabulary
GPSA Standard Engineering Gas Processors Suppliers Association
IEC 60079-10-2.0 Hazard Area Classification
IEC 61508 Functional Safety of Electrical, Electronics, Programmable
Electronic Safety Related System
IEC 61511 Functional Safety: Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process
Industry
ISO 15589-1 Petroleum and natural gas industries – CP of pipeline transportation
systems – Part 1: on land pipelines.
ISO 8130 Coating Powders
IP 15 Hazardous Area Classification
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ISO 31000:2009 Risk Management- Principle and Guidelines
1.6 METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN CALCULATIONS

The methodology and design calculations for the ISBL of the GPP 1 plant was performed by
ENERFLEX LTD formerly known as EXTERRAN CORPORATIONS who were the technology
provider and was reviewed SEEPC in furtherance to these documents becoming approved
documents for construction drawings and then approved construction documents. Nevertheless,
ENERFLEX LTD used advanced process simulation software such as Aspen HYSYS, PRO/II,
and PIPESIM to model gas processing operations, optimize process parameters, and predict plant
performance under various operating conditions. SEEPCO and AHL developed the Balance of
Plant.
Moreso, ENERFLEX LTD performed extensive engineering calculations to size equipment,
determine material specifications, calculate pressure drops, analyze heat transfer requirements,
and optimize process conditions and thereafter issued the same to SEEPCO and AHL for review
and final approval. Hazard and operability (HAZOP) studies, safety integrity level (SIL) analysis,
and risk assessments were conducted to identify potential hazards, assess risks, and implement
risk mitigation measures to enhance safety and reliability. Furthermore, cost estimation techniques
such as parametric estimation, analogy-based estimation, and bottom-up estimation were
employed to forecast project costs, including equipment procurement, construction, labor, and
contingencies.
In all, the entire methodology and design calculations were performed by ENERFLEX LTD while
SEEPCO reviewed and approved these documents to AHL for construction purposes. I was
actively involved in the construction phase on a supervisory and project coordination role on the
client’s team as a project coordinator.
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These design calculations were not available to the project execution team who were mainly site
based.
1.7 DRAWINGS
Comprehensive engineering drawings and documentation were prepared to facilitate construction
and installation. These documents include;
a. Process flow diagrams (PFDs): PFDs depicted the flow of gas, liquids, and solids through
the plant, illustrating process streams, equipment, instrumentation, and control loops.
b. Piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs): P&IDs provided detailed schematics of
piping systems, equipment connections, instrumentation, valves, and control systems,
aiding in the layout, installation, and operation of the plant.
c. Equipment layouts: Layout drawings delineated the arrangement and positioning of
equipment, machinery, vessels, compressors, heat exchangers, and other components
within the plant footprint.
d. Electrical and instrumentation drawings: Electrical schematics, wiring diagrams, and
instrumentation layouts delineated the electrical distribution, control panels, instrument
loops, and interconnections, ensuring proper integration and functionality.
e. Structural drawings: Civil drawing, structural plans, sections, and details delineated the
design and construction of foundations, supports, platforms, access ways, and safety
features, ensuring structural integrity and compliance with design requirements.
Refer to Appendix 2, Appendix 3, Appendix 4, Appendix 5, and Appendix 6 for some drawings.
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1.8 PREPARATION OF BILL OF ENGINEERING MEASURE AND EVALUATION
(BEME)
The table below shows the BEME for the fabrication of 2 nos. of condensate tank, each of 12m
height and 16m diameter. The unit rate UOM for all structural members and joints are inclusive.
Taking this table into consideration, the attachments in Appendix 7 and Appendix 8 can be viewed
for more explanation as it clearly shows the process and calculations that proves that a contractor
has completed his job and payment could be made to him.
Table 1: Fabrication of Two Condensate Tanks 12mtr Height and 16m Diameter
Unit Price Unit Price
S/N Item Description UOM QTY
(USD) (USD)
Fabrication, Erection, laying, fixing, tacking, and welding of
1 bottom plat, 6mm/10mm for Annual plate and 8mm centre MT 29.42 597.52 17579.04
plate for 2 tanks
Fabrication, Erection, Fixing, Alignment and welding of
2 MT 102.01 624 63654.24
Shell Plate, 8mm/10mm/12mm/14mm for 2 Tanks
Fabrication, Erection, Laying, Focusing, Alignment, Tacking
3 MT 29.76 628.4 18701.18
and Welding of Dome Roof Plate 6mm for 2 Tanks
Fabrication, Erection, Laying, Focusing, Alignment, Tacking
4 and Welding of Roof Structure for 2 Tanks with support MT 9 660 5940.00
centre drum
5 Structure Curb angle and wind girder MT 3.102 659.09 2044.50
6 Staircase Step Fabrication MT 42 31.32 1315.44
Miscellaneous Structures like operating, interconnecting
7 MT 7 589.93 4129.51
platform and crossover
8 Staircase Handrail MTR 84 35.51 2982.84
9 Roof Handrail MTR 100 21.7 2170.00
10 Shell Roof Manhole NOS 4 907.74 3630.96
11 Shell Nozzle 8" X150# NOS 4 519.3 2077.20
16 Roof Manhole 24" NOS 4 907.74 3630.96
17 Roof Nozzle 8" X150# 10 519.3 5193.00
18 Roof Nozzle 3" X150# 4 388.94 1555.76
19 Roof Nozzle 2" X150# 2 213.12 426.24
20 Roof Nozzle 4" X150# 4 155.87 623.48
14
Fabricating, Fixing, Alignment, Tacking, and welding of
centre sump marking the bottom plate at centre 600mm dia,
21 gas cutting, removing the plate, dipping the foundation upto NOS 2 747.8 1495.60
600mm depth and inserting the sump, welding into the
bottom plate, fixing of the pade plate and welding it.
Fabrication, fixing, alignment, tacking and welding and
erection of 4" overflow line from tank top to bottom plate
22 NOS 24 56.49 1355.76
12Mtr length into 2 tanks including support and plate joint
4"Sch 40
Fabrication, fixing, alignment, tacking and welding and
23 erection of 3" form line from chamber ground at bottom NOS 12 49.87 598.44
length 11mtr X 2 point in each tank, Joint 3" Sch 40
Fabrication, fixing, alignment, tacking and erection of 3"
Main heater up to 12mtr. Connecting 2" - 57mtr sprinkler
24 ringline and reducing to 2" upto roof centre flash plate Joint 12 49.87 598.44
including bracket support and pade welded to shell Joint 3"
Sch 40
Fabrication, fixing, alignment, tacking and erection of 3"
Main heater up to 12mtr. Connecting 2" - 57mtr sprinkler
25 ringline and reducing to 2" upto roof centre flash plate Joint 26 33.25 864.50
including bracket support and pade welded to shell Joint 2"
Sch 40
Drilling, welding of 1"X1/5" Half Coupling Sch 20 and fixing
26 Joint 112 30 3360.00
of sprinkler
27 Joint 4" Sch 40 Joint 8 66.49 531.92
28 Joint 6" Sch 40 Joint 4 80 320.00
Fabrication, fixing, alignment, tacking, welding of 3" Dia of
29 drain pipe from centre sump to shell nozzle with necessary Joint 10 40 400.00
support for each tank length 16mtr, 3" Sch 40 Joint - 5 nos.
TOTAL (USD) 151973.77
1.9 CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION

As the project coordinator for this project, I was fully involved in the construction and installation
of the 125MMSCFD GPU.
The scope of work for the construction and commissioning of the 125MMSCFD Gas Processing
Plant includes installation of the following:
• 2 numbers of Fire Water Tanks A and B’s 1m height and 20m diameter
• 2 numbers of Condensate Tank A and B’s 12m height and 16m diameter
15
• numbers of Propane Mounded Storage Bullets 70m length and 7m diameter
• 3 numbers of Export compressors for production purposes
• Fin fan air coolant for cooling purposes
• 2 number of 14” gas pipeline (of about 40km & 16km respectively)
• 1 number of 4” condensate pipeline (of about 16km)
• 1 number of fire water pipeline tie-in to fire water tank
• numbers of pipe racks type consisting of main, utility, hot oil and compressor
• High-Pressure and Low-Pressure flare system
• 8 drip pot of 0.61m diameter and 1m height
• LP knocks out drum V-610A 2.7m diameter and 7.7m height
• HP Flare KOD drum (GHF-V-600) 3m diameter and 6m in length
• 3 Instrument air receiver V-571A/B/C 6.5m height and 1.9m diameter
• 1 Slope drain tank 2m diameter and 6m in length
• 2 Diesel Day tank T-511 and T-740 2.5m by 1.5m
• LP knock out drum Tag. No V-610A and V-610B, 5.8m by 1.5m
• 1 instrument air receiver GHF-V-203 9m in length and 2m diameter
• 1 OWD tank V-590 1.5m diameter and 3.5m in length
• 1 Drain tank (NGC OB3 line-V-561) 2m diameter and 4m in length
• 1 Diesel Day tank (3.4kl) T-740 1.5m by 1.5m
• 2 Hp flare knock out drum V-600A and V-600B, 3.8m diameter and 10m height
• 1 Hot oil drain tank 3.5m in length and 1.5m diameter
• 1 Ro water storage tank (T-722) 2m by 4m
• 1 number of 14” gas pipeline (of about 20km)
16
• 1 Separator of 2.4 Meter in diameter and 10 Meter in length among others
These are some of the machineries and tools used for the construction activities:
• Excavators, bulldozers
• Forklift
• Crawling and Mobile Cranes - for offloading of materials and lifting activities.
• Hydra for loading and offloading lightweight materials and equipment
• Rigging equipment (Shackles, slings, Chain-blocks etc.)
• Welding Machines – Used for welding
• Rolling and/ or bending Machines
• Burning torch/ Track Cutting
• Carbon Arc Cutting machine used for weld gouging
• Blasting and Painting Equipment (Blast Pots, sprayers etc.)
• Pressure testing Equipment
• Drilling/Boring Machine
• Mechanical tools: torque range, spanners, hammers.
To give detailed account on the construction and commissioning of the 125MMSCFD (gas
processing plant, these activities were generally performed:
1.9.1 Site Preparation

The site preparation for the construction of the 125MMSCFD GPU commenced with the complete
survey of the 1000m x 1000m site area by SEEPCO’s team of land surveyors, which was followed
by installation of vertical concrete security walls across the entire site coupled with installation of
surveillance cameras, and access controls to prevent unauthorized access to safeguard resources
such as assets, personnel, equipment and temporary site facilities.
17
The use of the right equipment is critical for swift and efficient clearing of land to kickstart the
construction process because it offers adequate help in uprooting and getting rid of stubborn
vegetation, grade and level land for construction of the 125MMCFD GPU. These tools allowed
for quick and convenient opportunity to eliminate trees, brush and rock for complete access to the
site for construction purposes. Local host community contractors were engaged via an open tender
procedure to clear, grade and level the ground to approved elevations and reference level points to
ensure access to utilities such as water and electricity.
About 10 host community contractors were engaged to clear the site of vegetation, debris, and
obstructions in order to prepare the site for level and stable civil foundations for onsite office
administration block, civil activities and plant construction. Heavy machinery such as bulldozers,
excavators, and graders were used to clear trees and other obstacles. The land was graded to ensure
proper drainage and erosion control, and establish the desired elevation for the plant infrastructure.
This was followed by the implementation of safety and security measures to protect workers,
equipment, and the surrounding environment during construction. The HSE, Security teams and
the project coordinator established site-specific safety protocols, signages, barriers, and emergency
response procedures.
1.9.2 Site Layout and Marking

After the site was fully prepared for construction to kickoff, the construction team marked the plant
layout which delineates the location of major plant components, structures, roads, utilities,
drainage features, and safety zones. The layout was marked on the ground using stakes, flags, and
paint to guide construction activities and ensure accurate placement of infrastructure. Consider
future expansion and operational requirements when designing the site layout.
The plant comprises of 8 major areas;
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a. Process Area
b. Utility Area
c. Warehouse and Storage Area
d. Firewater Tank area
e. Bullet Tanks and Loading Gantry
f. Condensate Storage Area
g. Administrative Block
h. Cafeteria
For each of these areas, the construction team worked together with the civil team to map and mark
all relevant process and utility unit for subsequent foundation preparation and civil activities in
these designated areas.
Thereafter, access roads and site infrastructures were constructed to facilitate transportation of
construction materials, equipment, and personnel. These access roads were designed to
accommodate heavy loads and traffic volumes, and comply with local road standards and
regulations. More so, temporary infrastructures such as temporary power supply, water storage
tanks, and temporary facilities were installed for construction workers.
1.9.3 Construction Management

Experienced construction management teams who had the mandate to oversee the project were
employed. The onsite team comprised of the Overall Project Manager, Project Coordinator,
Departmental Project Managers, Project Engineers, Quality Assurance and Quality Control team,
Auditors, IT personnel, Warehouse and Procurement team, Project Technicians and Community
workers. The job of the construction team involved managing the entire onsite construction value
chain, coordinating contractors, scheduling activities, managing budgets, and ensuring adherence
19
to quality and safety standards. Construction activities typically include civil works, structural
erection, equipment installation, piping fabrication, and electrical wiring and instrumentation
activities, pre-commissioning, and commissioning. My main role in construction management
includes;
1.9.3.1 Project Planning
I and my team, developed a comprehensive project plan that outlines the scope, schedule, budget,
and resources required for the construction of the125MMSCFD natural gas processing plant.
Moreso, I collaborated with other project stakeholders, including engineers, contractors, and
vendors, to align expectations and establish clear objectives.
Table 2: Comprehensive Project Plan For 125MMSCFD Gas Plant
20
1.9.3.2 Documentation and Reporting
I maintained accurate and up-to-date project documentation, including contracts, drawings,
specifications, and change orders. More so, I prepared regular progress reports and communicated
project status to all stakeholders, highlighting any potential issues and proposed solutions.
For Contracts, I ensured that all contracts, including those with contractors, vendors, and
subcontractors, are well-organized, up-to-date, and accessible. This involves maintaining records
of contract terms, deliverables, and any amendments.
For Drawings and Specifications, I ensured efficient organization of construction drawings and
specifications. I kept track of revisions and updates to ensure that the construction teams are
working with the latest information. This was critical for maintaining consistency and avoiding
errors during the construction process.
For Change Orders, I documented any changes to the original project scope through change orders
by clearly outlining the changes, reasons for the changes, and any associated cost or schedule
implications. This helped in managing scope changes effectively and in maintaining transparency
with stakeholders.
For Reports, I prepared and distributed regular progress reports that provided a comprehensive
overview of the project's status which included key milestones achieved, upcoming activities, and
any potential risks or issues that might impact the project timeline or budget.
For Stakeholders Communication, I regularly communicated project status to all stakeholders,
including project managers, executives, clients, and regulatory authorities, which was tailored to
the level of detail to the specific needs of each audience, ensuring that only important information
was effectively communicated.
21
Table 3: Internal Daily Project Progress Report
Table 4: Stakeholders Project Status Report
22
Table 5: Daily Project Progress Report for Department of Petroleum Resource
1.9.3.3 Communication with External Stakeholders

I facilitated effective communication between different stakeholders, ensuring that information
flows seamlessly from the onsite team which includes engineers, contractors, and project managers
and also conduct regular meetings to review progress, discuss challenges, and coordinate activities
among various stakeholders. This communication included regular project progress update to the
Department of Petroleum Resources.
23
Table 6: Monthly Project Report to Department of Petroleum Resources
1.9.3.4 Equipment Installation

Mechanical equipment installation was performed by a dedicated team of engineers, contractors,
technicians and helpers who installed and integrated the various components of the gas processing
plant according to the engineering design. This includes:
1. Erecting structural steel such as condensate pump shed, residue gas compressor shed, firewater
pump shed, CNG compressor shed, instrument air shed etc.
2. Setting equipment such as three residue gas compressor, Demethanizer tower, Depropanizer
tower and Debutanizer etc.
3. Fabricating and connecting piping systems such as process pipe, 4” condensate export piping,
14” inlet system piping etc.
24
4. Installing instrumentation and control devices such as the Fuel and Gas system, Instrument
Air systems etc.
Installing mechanical equipment on civil foundations involved a systematic process to ensure
stability, alignment, and operational integrity. Below are the steps typically followed for
installation of equipment on civil foundations:
1. Foundation inspection and preparation

Before installation, the civil foundation must be inspected to ensure it meets the design
specifications and is free from any defects or deficiencies. Any necessary repairs or adjustments
to the foundation are made to ensure it is level, stable, and capable of supporting the weight and
operational loads of the equipment.
2. Equipment Placement and Alignment

In this project, mechanical equipment was carefully positioned on the various prepared foundations
taking into account factors such as equipment orientation, access for maintenance, and clearance
requirements. Precision alignment tools, such as laser alignment systems, was used to ensure the
equipment is positioned accurately and aligned according to the manufacturer's specifications. The
Equipment General Arrangement Diagram (GAD) was the document used as guide during
installation of mechanical equipment on civil foundations.
3. Foundation Anchoring
Anchor bolts or other anchoring mechanisms such as insert plates was installed on the foundations
to secure installed equipment to the foundation. These U-bolts were typically embedded into the
foundation during the construction or added later using epoxy anchoring techniques. After placing
the equipment of the foundation and all measurements in the civil foundation drawing such as
elevation and alignment are properly checked, anchor bolts are properly torqued to achieve the
required clamping force and ensure the equipment remains securely fastened to the foundation.
25
4. Grouting
Grouting is the process of filling the gap between the base of the installed equipment and the
foundation with a specially formulated grout material. It serves several purposes, including
providing additional support, improving load distribution, reducing vibration, and preventing the
ingress of moisture or contaminants. Each equipment is grouted with utmost attention to ensure
uniform coverage and complete filling of the voids, minimizing the risk of air pockets or voids
that could compromise the integrity of the installation.
5. Alignment Verification
After each equipment is anchored and grouted, its alignment was rechecked to ensure it meets the
specified tolerances and necessary adjustments made to correct misalignments or deviations from
the desired alignment, ensuring optimal performance and longevity of the equipment.
By following these steps systematically and adhering to industry best practices, mechanical
equipment was installed on civil foundations in a manner that will ensure reliability, safety, and
optimal performance throughout the operational life of the various installed equipment in the
125MMSCFD gas processing plant.
I was involved in the equipment fabrication and installation onsite and made sure that the
fabrication and installation status of both vendor equipment and Balance of Plant equipment were
appropriately tracked and record in the sample report as provided below.
Table 7: Sample of the equipment erection status report

Equipment Installation Status Report
Foundation Orientation
Erection / Positioning
No Equipment Status prepared with / Grouting
Installation / Leveling
backing plates Verticality
1 Residue Compressor A Arrived Completed Completed OK Completed Completed
2 Residue Compressor B Arrived Completed Completed OK Completed Completed
3 Residue Compressor C Arrived Completed Completed OK Completed Completed
Cooler for Residue Completed Completed
4 Arrived Completed Completed OK
Compressor A
26
Compressor B
Compressor C
Refrigeration Compressor Completed Completed
C140
Refrigeration Compressor Completed Completed
C141
9 Expander Compressor C121 Arrived Completed Completed OK Completed Completed
Hot oil Heater skid H768- Completed Completed
Lower part
Hot oil skid H768-Radiant Completed Completed
11 Arrived NA Completed OK
coil
1.9.3.5 Mechanical Piping Installation

The mechanical piping system of the 125MMSCFD gas processing plant plays a crucial role in
transporting feed gas, intermediate products, finished products, and fire water throughout the
facility. There are a total of 159 process and 7 firewater piping loops respectively, some of the
process piping were either pre-fabricated especially for most of the vendor equipment and shipped
to site or fabricated at site by the piping contractor. For the firewater piping, they were all
fabricated onsite from start to finish. I tracked piping fabrication and installation as shown below;
Table 8: Piping Progress Report for 125MMSFCD Gas Processing Plant
27
After the installation of equipment, both vendors prefabricated piping spools and onsite fabricated
piping spools were installed to connect each process units. To do this, Loop files which contained
the Isometric Diagram and the P&ID were used by the piping contractor to fabricate and install
pipes at their respective areas of use.
As regards mechanical piping, I developed both Process area and Fire Water Network Piping Loop
Master File used for monitoring all piping erection, test of pressure test, cardboard blasting (air
flushing), mechanical completion, box-up etc. This was crucial because it helped monitor direct
progress of all piping activities onsite and gave first hand information on the extent of work done
across board by the piping contractors.
In doing this, it was easier for the QAQC team to perform their duties because the Piping Loop
Master file provided them the much-needed guide in knowing the extend of work to be done and
the pace of inspection that the QAQC team needed to perform.
Table 9: Piping Network Master Loop File for Monitoring Process Piping Progress
28
Table 10: Fire Water Network Loop File for Monitoring Progress in Fire Water Piping
To ensure adequate delivery of mechanical piping using up-to-date Approved Drawing, I
developed a file to track changes in loop-wise isometric drawing to ensure that contractors use the
up-to-date drawings while fabricating and erecting piping spools across board. Thus this
eliminated the issue of contracting fabricating piping spools using the wrong diagram. This
document was carefully created using line wise information from the P&ID indicative of each
drawing numbers associated with piping loops.
Table 11: Line List Versus Iso Diagram to Track Changes in Piping Iso Diagrams
29
Basically, my roles here included ensuring that all project execution activities inclusive pipe
spools, erection of equipment, receipt of equipment, issuance of materials, contractor mobilization,
onsite procurement and all other mechanical activities were effectively and efficiently performed
and the same measured against schedule and project objects in line with management directives.
Table 12: Daily Tracking of Piping Erection According to Pipe Size
1.10 PRE-COMMISSIONING, COMMISSIONING AND HANDOVER

1.10.1 Pre-commissioning and Commissioning
The Pre-commissioning and Commissioning procedures involved performing testing, pre-
commissioning and commissioning activities at the 125MMSCFD gas processing plant. The
intention was to ensure that all systems were fully tested, pre-commissioned and commissioned to
the maximum extent possible.
The intent of the pre-commissioning and commissioning procedures is to:
1. Verify all equipment are installed in accordance to Approved for Construction As-Built
drawings and manuals.
2. Prove equipment is able to function according to its design specifications and intentions.
3. Minimize problems during Start-up.
30
4. Identify equipment shortfalls and deficiencies so that corrective actions could be carried before
Start-up.
5. Compile test data and results with all other documents into a complete equipment final
documentation
6. Pre-determine outstanding activities (punchlist).
Many of the activities were repetitive as it is common for the same task performed on certain
equipment in a particular system or subsystem to be required for similar equipment under a
different system or subsystem such as flushing, Hydrotesting, Purging etc. A standard and common
Scope of Works is therefore readily identifiable as depicted in the Pre-Commissioning and
Commissiong Protocol.
Table 13: Walkthrough Checklist for Condensate Storage System
The pre-commissioning activity which involved system-wise inspection which was a combined
onsite walkthrough of the various systems such as the inlet system, dehydration system etc. in the
31
plant by the project team, myself, and operations team. The purpose of the walkthrough is to
ascertain using various P&ID whether the various components inclusive of piping, valves,
instruments etc. were installed in the right sequence on site as per the approved construction
drawing. During this period, punch-points were created and my duty was to follow through to
ensure that these punch-points were closed and where not possible, follow through to ensure they
are closed even while the plant is operational.
Table 14: Punch Point Tracking Document for Firewater System
This was followed by reviews to verify that all systems and components have been installed as per
the engineering design and specifications. These reviews involved the myself, SEEPCO Engineer
and Contractor project engineer-in-charge, SEEPCO and Contractor QAQC team performing
routine onsite visits to ensure that contractors installed the various equipment and piping as well
as associated fittings as per the Issued for Construction Engineering drawing. The main purpose
of this review is to enable the QAQC team sign off that each vessel, equipment, piping and
32
associating fittings were duly installed as per approved Issued for Construction Drawings. See
example of a signed off inspection reported with approved seal.
These walkthroughs were performed system wise with each system having its own checklist. For
all vendor equipment, there were vendor representatives onsite that facilitated who facilitated the
onsite walkthrough with me, project commissioning team, and the operations team. After the onsite
walkthrough, thorough commissioning activities to ensure all systems operate as intended were
conducted. This includes functional testing, performance verification, and troubleshooting of
equipment and processes. After these rigorous tests, any system that passed these tests was
commissioned and startup procedures were initiated gradually to avoid operational issues and
ensure safety.
By following these steps diligently and engaging qualified professionals, the construction and
installation of a 125MMSCFD gas processing plant can be executed efficiently and safely,
ensuring reliable operation and compliance with industry standards.
1.10.2 Handover
Following meticulous planning, rigorous testing, and adherence to industry standards, the project
team handed over the 125MMSCFD Gas Processing Plant to the operations team.
This involved documentation transfer, training of operations personnel, and ensuring that all
systems are functioning as intended. In this stage, documents were signed off, spares were verified
and signed handed to the operations team. Although this was a rigorous phase, the team and I were
able to achieve this result due to management support and dedication of the teams.
The handover of the 125MMSCFD Gas Processing Plant falls into three categories;
1. Plant handover
2. Spare Handover
33
3. Document Handover
Plant Handover
This involved the formal process of transferring the control and responsibility of the newly
constructed 125MMSCFD gas plant from the project team to the operations and maintenance team.
The handover of the involved a system wise approach and I coordinated the entire handover.
Table 15: Hand-Over-Take-Over of Nitrogen System
34
Table 16: Performance Guaranty Test Report for Nitrogen Generator Unit A
35
Spare Handover
Spare handover involves transferring all spare parts and critical components required for the
ongoing maintenance and operation of the 125MMSCFD gas plant from the project team to the
maintenance team. The key activities include:
1. Inventory check which involved conducting a thorough inventory check to ensure that all
required spare parts are available and in good condition.
2. Documentation which involved providing detailed documentation, including spare part
lists, manuals, and maintenance schedules, to the maintenance team.
To ensure successful handover of spares, I developed a spare tracking document which helped to
track the spares of all equipment in the gas plant. With the help of this tracking document, the
project team and operations team where able to verify the spares one-by-one for all equipment in
order for both parties to sign-off the spare handover document as required by management.
Table 17: Spare Tracking Document for 125MMSCFD Gas Processing Plant
36
Table 18: Signed Spare Handover Document
Document Handover
This process involved the transfer of all relevant project documentation, records, and data to the
operations and maintenance team for future reference and compliance. The main activities include:
1. Transfer of as-built documentation which involved providing the operations and
maintenance team the updated as-built drawings reflecting the actual constructed
conditions of the gas plant.
2. Handover of operation and maintenance manuals which involved delivering
comprehensive manuals detailing the operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting
procedures for all plant systems.
3. Providing all records and certifications which involved the transfer of all relevant records,
certifications, and permits to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements.
37
4. Provide data and reports of any performance data, test reports, and other project-related
information that may be useful for ongoing operations and future audits.
Table 19: List of Documents Transmitted to Operations Team by the Project Team
The successful completion of these handover processes is crucial for a smooth transition from
construction to operation, ensuring the safe and efficient functioning of the gas plant.
1.11 PROJECT OUTCOME
The successful construction of the 125MMSCFD Gas Processing Plant resulted in:
a. Operational readiness
The 125MMSCFD gas processing plant achieved operational readiness, demonstrating
compliance with design specifications, performance criteria, and regulatory requirements.
38
b. On-time delivery
The project was completed within the scheduled timeframe, meeting project milestones, and
ensuring timely commencement of commercial operations.
c. Budget adherence
The project was executed within the approved budget, with effective cost management,
procurement strategies, and resource optimization contributing to financial success.
d. Safety and quality

The plant maintained exemplary safety records, adhering to strict safety protocols, quality
standards, and environmental regulations, ensuring the well-being of personnel and protection
of assets.
e. Stakeholder satisfaction
The successful completion of the project met stakeholder expectations, fostering positive
relationships with investors, regulators, local communities, and other stakeholders.
f. Economic impact
The gas processing plant generated economic benefits through job creation, local procurement,
tax revenues, and contributions to energy security and industrial development.
Overall, the construction of the 125MMSCFD Gas Processing Plant represents a milestone
achievement in the Nigerian oil and gas sector, exemplifying engineering excellence, project
management proficiency, and commitment to sustainable energy development in line with the
Decade of Gas declaration of the Federal Government of Nigeria.
39
CHAPTER TWO
INSTALLATION OF 2 NOS. OF 3000NM3/HR CNG COMPRESSOR
SKID
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
This report outlines the comprehensive process of installing and commissioning two D-1.35/ (55-
60)-250 CNG compressor skids and associated piping in Kwale, Delta State, Nigeria. The
installation of these compressor skids is a crucial project aimed at enhancing the capabilities of the
site, facilitating the compression and distribution of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) efficiently
and safely especially for SEEPCO’s internal use for powering its over 100 fleets of CNG powered
HOWO heavy trucks and 50 hybrid NISSAN Navara trucks.
The skid comprises of the following;
1. Compressor
2. Coolers
3. Motor
4. Lube System
5. Process pipes
6. Instruments installed on the skid
Figure 2: CNG Compressor Skid
40
2.1 JUSTIFICATION OR NEED FOR PROJECT
The installation of two 3000Nm3/hr CNG compressor skids is justified by the growing demand for
CNG and the need to expand SEEPCO’s capacity to meet increased internal requirements for its
heavy trucks and light weight vehicles. CNG is considered a cleaner alternative to traditional fuels,
and the project aligns with environmental sustainability goals. Additionally, the installation of
these compressors addresses the rising demand for CNG as a fuel source for various applications,
including vehicles and industrial processes.
2.2 PRELIMINARY STUDIES/INVESTIGATIONS

Preliminary studies and investigations are crucial steps in preparing for the installation of a CNG
compressor skid at a 125MMSCFD gas processing plant. These studies help in understanding the
site conditions, identifying challenges, and ensuring a seamless integration of the new
compressors. Here is an expanded explanation of the preliminary studies and investigations for
this installation because this installation was a suite-at-site because the compressors and piping
were incorporated into an operational plant:
2.2.1 Evaluation of Existing Infrastructure

To install these compressors, it was necessary to assess the current infrastructure, including piping
systems and equipment layout. The intention was to identify any potential clashes or interferences
with the new compressors and associated piping and where there were interferences,
considerations for modifications or rerouting are to be made if to seamlessly accommodate the
new compressors.
2.2.2 Spatial Requirements

An evaluation of the equipment layout and spacing was needed to determine the spatial
requirements for the CNG compressor skids and associated piping. In doing this, factors such as
41
minimum clearance, access space for maintenance, space for VFD room, and adherence to safety
regulations were considered to ensure that the layout minimizes congestion and allows for future
expansions where needed.
2.2.3 Hazard Analysis

In line with the HSE policy of SEEPCO, preliminary hazard analysis to identify potential risks
associated with the installation and operation of the CNG compressor were performed. This study
considered proximity of the installation site to critical infrastructure such as the fire water pumps
and tanks and residue gas compressors. It was found that if installed the compressors will not pose
any danger to existing site infrastructure.
2.2.4 Assess Existing Utilities and Services:

To ensure that the existing utility infrastructure can support the additional demand from the new
compressor skids, availability and capacity of utilities such as proximity of fire water network,
electricity, and gas supply were assessed. By conducting thorough preliminary studies and
investigations, the project team can gather essential information to make informed decisions during
the installation and commissioning phases of the 2 numbers of CNG compressor skids in the
125MMSCFD gas processing plant.
2.3 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS/CRITERIA

The design considerations for this installation project include factors such as compressor capacity,
inlet and outlet pressures, safety features, and compliance with industry standards. The design
criteria are established based on inlet pressure of 5.5 MPa and a discharge pressure of 25MPa with
an inlet natural gas flowrate of 3000Nm3/Hr for the compressors, manufacturer recommendations,
and relevant codes to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the CNG compressors.
42
Table 20: Design Considerations for CNG Compressor Skid
2.4 STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS

The installation adheres to industry standards and specifications, including but not limited to API
618 for reciprocating compressors and ASME B31.3 for process piping. Compliance with these
standards ensures that the installation meets the highest safety and performance criteria, with all
components designed and installed to industry best practices.
2.5 PROCESS DESCRIPTION

Natural gas from the 4” feed gas line is fed through a 4” pipeline into the compressor skid via the
first-stage scrubber at a pressure of 5.5MPa and a flowrate of about 3000Nm3/Hr, then to the first
stage compressor cylinder where the gas is compressed and fed into the first stage cooler for
cooling. After cooling, the gas enters the second stage compressor cylinder, then to the second
stage cooler where it is then discharged from the compressor skid at an outlet pressure of 25Mpa.
43
Thereafter, the compressed natural gas is transported through a 2KM 2” Sch XH and Sch XXH
pipeline to the dispensing station where they are either directly pumped into vehicles via the CNG
dispensing machines or stored in cylindrical CNG skids.
Figure 3: Process & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) of the CNG Compressor Skids
Figure 4: Schematic of the CNG Compressor Skid
44
2.6 DRAWINGS
Detailed engineering drawings were prepared by the equipment vendor to illustrate the layout,
dimensions, and specifications of the CNG compressors skid and associated piping. These
drawings serve as a blueprint for the installation, providing clear instructions to the construction
and installation teams. Additionally, safety features, instrumentation locations, and emergency
shutdown procedures are clearly delineated in the drawings to ensure a comprehensive
understanding of the entire system.
Figure 5: General Arrangement Diagram (GAD) of CNG Compressor Skid

2.7 PREPARATION BILL OF ENGINEERING MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION
(BEME)
The table below shows the BEME for the fabrication and erection of piping for 2 nos. of
3000Nm3/Hr CNG Compressor Skids. The unit rate UOM for all pipe and fitting are inclusive.
Taking this table into consideration, the attachments in Appendix 8 can be viewed for more
explanation as it clearly shows the process and calculations that proves the project team can
procure the above materials.
45
Table 21: BEME for Piping works for 2 Nos. CNG Compressor Skids
Unit Price Unit Price Delivery
No Item Description UOM QTY
(Naira) (Naira) Date
2” Seamless Pipe SA 106, Gr B, Sch
1 XXH, Thickness 11mm, Unit Length Nos. 109 102,000 11,118,000 20/02/2019
12mtr
2” Seamless Pipe SA 106, Gr B, Sch XH,
2 Nos. 10 62,000 620,000 20/02/2019
Thickness 5.4mm, Unit Length 12mtr
2” Seamless Pipe SA 106, Gr B, Sch
3 XXH, Thickness 7.5mm, Unit Length Nos. 14 102,000 1,428,000 20/02/2019
12mtr
Transportation to site (Low bed trailer) Nos. 2 170,000 340,000
FITTINGS
CS Flange - 2" Sch XXH - A105 Class-
1 Nos. 12 36,000.00 432000 20/02/2019
2500# WNRTJ
CS Flange - 3" Sch XH - A105 Class-
2 Nos. 12 14,400.00 172800 20/02/2019
600# WNRF
CS Flange - 4" Sch XH - A105 Class-
3 Nos. 4 16,800.00 67200 20/02/2019
600# WNRF
CS Blind Flange - 3"- A105 Class - 600#
4 Nos. 2 12,000.00 24000 20/02/2019
BLRF
CS Blind Flange - 3"- A105 Class - 2500#
5 Nos. 2 36,000.00 72000 20/02/2019
BLRTJ
4x3 CS Concentric Reducer - A234 WPS
6 Nos. 1 6,600.00 6600 20/02/2019
-SCH XH-BW
CS Elbow 90 - 2"-SCH XXH-A234
7 Nos. 16 6,000.00 96000 20/02/2019
WPC-BW
CS Elbow 90 - 2"-SCH XH-A234 WPB-
8 Nos. 22 2,400.00 52800 20/02/2019
BW
9 Nos. 4 4,800.00 19200 20/02/2019
BW
10 Nos. 4 8,400.00 33600 20/02/2019
BW
3X2 CS Reducing Tee - 2"-SCH XH-
11 Nos. 1 8,400.00 8400 20/02/2019
A234 WPB-BW
CS Equal Tee - 2"-SCH XH-A234 WPB-
12 Nos. 2 4,800.00 9600 20/02/2019
BW
CS Equal Tee - 3"-SCH XH-A234 WPB-
13 Nos. 3 8,400.00 25200 20/02/2019
BW
CS Equal Tee - 2"-SCH XXH-A234
14 Nos. 6 4,800.00 28800 20/02/2019
WPC-BW
GASKETS
2" SS 304 RTJ Gasket Ring No. 26
15 Nos. 24 3,600.00 86400 20/02/2019
Octagonal 2500# WNRTJ
3" CS Spiral Wound Gasket 600#
16 Nos. 10 1,800.00 18000 20/02/2019
WNRTJ
46
STUDS - NUTS & BOLTS
2" Studs with double Nuts, A193-GrB7, 207360
17 Sets 96 2,160.00 20/02/2019
Dia 1", Stud Length 7.87", 2500# WNRTJ
2" Studs with double Nuts, A193Gr-B7,
18 Dia 0.625", Stud Length 4.13" 150# Sets 80 480 38400 20/02/2019
WRNF
3" Studs with double Nuts, A193 Gr B7,
19 Dia 0.75", Stud Length 5.71" 600# Sets 96 840 80640 20/02/2019
WNRF
4" Studs with double Nuts, A193 Gr B7,
20 Dia 0.875", Stud Length 6.50 600# Sets 32 1,020.00 32640 20/02/2019
WNRF
21 Transportation to site - - - 120,000 20/02/2019
TOTAL (NAIRA) 15,137,640
VALVES
Unit Price Total Price
No Description of Item UOM QTY.
($) ($)
Swing Check Valve-2"- Body SA 216 20/02/2019
GR. WCB / Plate A105 - INCONEL
1 Nos. 1 174.81 174.81
Spring-STD Port - 600# - SORF - Seat -
13Cr+STL, WCB
Ball Valve -2"-Body SA 216 GR WCB -
Ball/Stem SS-Seat PTFE - Full Bore - 20/02/2019
2 Nos. 4 1,003.96 4015.84
Trunnion Ball - 250# - RTJ - Seat -
F316+PEEK, A105
Swing Check Valve -2"- Body SA 216
GR. WCB / Plate A105 - INCONEL 20/02/2019
3 Nos. 2 710.98 1421.96
Spring-STD Port - 2500# - SORF- Seat -
13Cr+STL, WCB
4 Nos. 2 784.14 1568.28
Trunnion Ball - 600# - SORF-Seat -
F316+PEEK, A105
Swing Check Valve -4"- Body SA 216
GR. WCB / Plate A105 - INCONEL 20/02/2019
5 Nos. 1 454.32 454.32
Spring-STD Port - 600# - SORF, Seat -
13Cr+STL, WCB
6 Nos. 1 1127.77 1127.77
Trunnion Ball - 600# - SORF, Seat -
F316+PEEK
TOTAL ($) 8762.98
47
2.8 SKID INSTALLATION
The construction and installation phase involved setting up the foundation, installing the
compressors, and connecting all associated piping. Detailed analysis and testing were conducted
during and after the installation to verify the integrity and performance of the entire system. This
includes pressure testing of the piping, functional tests of the compressors, and safety system
checks. Erecting the CNG compressor skids on the civil foundations involved a systematic process
to ensure proper alignment, stability, and functionality where the General Arrangement Drawing
(GAD) and Civil Foundation Drawing were used to perform the erection.
2.8.1 Erection of CNG Compressor Skids

The erection of the skids on the civil foundation were performed using the appropriate lifting
equipment and tools in line with API 618. The following are the procedures used for erection:
1. Foundation Preparation
The civil foundation was constructed according to the approved Issued for Construction Civil
Drawings which included proper dimensions, reinforcement, and anchor bolt placements. Before
the installation of each of the skids in the foundation, the surface of foundation was inspected for
any debris, loose materials, or obstructions. Thereafter, the surface of the foundation was
roughened in preparation for grouting after skid erection.
2. Lifting and Positioning

Prior to lifting and positioning of the skids on each foundation, the exact position for positioning
each skid was marked on the foundation using the dimensions provided in the Issued for
Construction Civil Diagram (Figure 22 and Figure 23). This followed by using 30T crane with 4
nos. of 10T slings, to carefully lift each CNG compressor skids. Thereafter, ach of the skid was
positioned over the anchor bolts on the foundation, ensuring proper alignment with the bolt holes.
48
3. Alignment
After positioning, the compressor skids were aligned with the anchor bolts on the civil foundations
using optical levels to achieve accurate alignment. Where need be, the position of the skid was
adjusted to ensure that all anchor bolts align with the corresponding holes on the base of the
compressor skid.
4. Lowering onto Foundation

Gradually the CNG compressor skid was lowered onto the civil foundation using the lifting
equipment. At the point, utmost care was taken to ensure that the anchor bolts pass through the
designated holes on the skid base.
5. Bolt Fastening
After the compressor skid is in place, they are secured to the foundation by fastening nuts onto the
anchor bolts following the recommended torque specifications provided by the compressor
manufacturer to ensure proper fastening.
6. Grouting
After ensuring that the skid aligns and bolts are properly fastened to required torque, a non-shrink,
high-strength grout mixture is prepared and poured into the gap between the skid base and the civil
foundation to create a solid and level support. Thereafter, the grout is allowed to cure for 48 hours
to cure according to the recommended time frame. During this 48hours, there was no work
performed in foundation.
49
Figure 6: Issued for Construction Civil Foundation for CNG Compressor Skid
Figure 7: Civil Foundation Floor Plan for CNG Compressor Skids
2.8.2 Mechanical Piping

As per this project is concerned, these are the pipe joining methods used:
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
The discharge line of the CNG compressor is a 2” Sch XH and XXH line suitably selected because
the CNG is high-pressure of an operating pressure of up to 250 Bar. Thus, it is essential to use
50
welding methods that provide a strong, reliable, and leak-free joint. In this high-pressure
application, the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), also known as Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG)
welding is preferred because of produces precise and clean welds, making it suitable for high-
pressure applications where weld quality is critical. It offers excellent control over the heat input,
allowing for welding thin-walled pipes without compromising the integrity of the joint. More
importantly, it produces high-quality welds with minimal spatter, porosity, and slag inclusions.
Flanged Joints
Flanged joints are a mechanical, nonpermanent method of joining two flanged piping components
and one of the most commonly used methods of joining together pipe to pipe, pipe to fitting, and
pipe to valve. Types used for this project is the ring type joint flange. The Ring type joint flange
(RTJ) is a machined metallic ring with a deep groove cut into its face. This groove rests a metal
ring which gets compressed when the connecting bolts of the flange are tightened. This
compression results in a leak-proof, close-fitting seal on the pipe or connection. Stainless Steel
Ring Type Joint Flanges was used along joints in the flowline due to the high-pressure and high-
temperature in the line, while Carbon Steel Ring Type Joint Flanges were used in the connections
between the CNG dispense pump machine due to its spill-proof nature. All valves and all
associated CNG discharge pump line was connected including all the necessary utility lines,
including gas supply, electrical power, and control systems, according to the manufacturer's
specifications as seen in the schematic below.
51
Figure 8: Suit-at-Site Pipe Schematic for CNG Discharge Line
2.9 PROJECT OUTCOME

The successful installation of the two 3000Nm3/hr CNG compressors and associated piping at the
LPG site results in an expanded and efficient CNG distribution infrastructure. The project outcome
ensures increased capacity, improved operational capabilities, and compliance with safety and
environmental standards. Documentation of test results, as-built drawings, and compliance records
is maintained for future reference and regulatory purposes, providing a comprehensive record of
the successful project outcome.
52
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
3.0 CONCLUSION
The 125MMSCFD project and the installation of two 3000Nm3/Hr CNG Compressor Skids, cuts
across equipment installation, structural fabrication, fabrication of processing piping and pipeline
execution which involves the application of various industrial codes and standards. These projects
offered me the opportunity to develop better skills in managing construction projects in the oil and
gas sectors. In these projects, I have had the opportunity to coordinate all project execution
activities onsite not excluding construction, fabrication quality procedures, preparing progress
reports, communicating with key stakeholders and liaising with vendors and contractors to ensure
the projects is completed within budget and schedule while delivery projects according to scope
with phenomenal execution of change management processes.
3.1 RECOMMENDATION
Here are my recommendations;
1. To mitigate the risk of rework, all procured materials and items should undergo thorough inspection
to ensure they are free from defects and damages before being issued for installation and fabrication.
Implementing a stringent quality assurance process at the procurement stage will help prevent costly
rework, minimize resource wastage, and optimize man-hours.
2. Regular audits and inspections should be conducted to maintain high-quality standards throughout
the project.
3. Procurement for all materials and consumables should be meticulously planned, and qualified
personnel, free from management interference, should oversee the entire procurement process from
vendor selection to the point of utilization. This approach ensures transparency, accountability, and
adherence to project specifications.
53
4. Proper transportation and storage procedures should be established to maintain the integrity of
materials until they are ready for use.
5. The Nigeria Society of Engineers (NSE) should consider setting up a structured training program
for engineering students and graduates for better practical exposure to real-world projects, which
will better equip new engineers for the challenges of the industry and contribute to the continuous
improvement of the engineering profession in Nigeria
54
REFERNECE
(SEEPCO), S. O. (2018). LPG C-125 Induction Presentation. Lagos: SEEPCO.
Ashtaivinayak Hydrocarbone Limited (AHL). (2021). Foundation Plan & Details of Hot Oil
Heater (H-701). Lagos: AHL.
EXTERRAN. (2018). Piping and Instrumentation Diagram P&ID Drawing Log. Broken Arrow
Oklahoma: EXTERRAN.
EXTERRAN. (2018). Start-up and Operating Manual, Pre Start-Up Procedure for C125 GPU
Ashtavinayak Hydrocarbon Limited. Broken Arrow, Oklahoma: EXTERRAN.
Sterling Oil Exploration and Energy Production Company (SEEPCO). (2018). Process Design
Basis for 125MMSCFD Gas Processing Plant, Kwale, Delta State, Nigeria. Kwale: SEEPCO.
Sterling Oil Exploration and Energy Production Company (SEEPCO). (2018). Process Operating
& Control Narrative for 125MMSCFD Gas Processing Plant, Kwale, Delta State, Nigeria. Lagos:
SEEPCO.
(2019). Work Completion Pack for Provision of Fabrication and Construction of Condensate
Storage Tank with Dome Roof for 125MMSCFD Gas Plant, Kwale. Petal Nagar, India: SOHAM
Enterprise.
55
APPENDIX
Appendix 1: Site Pictures
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
Appendix 2: P&ID For Dehydration System
63
Appendix 3: Demethanizer System (Fractionating System)
64
Appendix 4: Civil Drawing
65
Appendix 5: Firewater Isometric Diagram
66
Appendix 6: Approved for Construction Civil Diagram for Hot Oil Heater
67
Appendix 7: Approved Fabrication Drawing for Condensate Tank A & B (T-400A and T-400B) used for BEME
68
Appendix 8: Condensate Tank A and Tank B Final Invoice used for BEME in Chapter 1
69
70
71
72
Appendix 9: Supporting Documents to Preparation of Bill of Engineering Measurement and Evaluation for
installation of 2 Nos. 3000Nm3/Hr CNG Compressor Skids
73
74
75

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TECHNICAL REPORT

CONSTRUCTION OF 125MMSCFD GAS PROCESSING PLANT

ERECTION ON 2 NOS. 3000Nm3/Hr CNG COMPRESSOR SKID

THE NIGERIAN SOCIETY OF ENGINEERS (NSE)

AHIAMADU JACKSON SAMUEL

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION AS

Lastly, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to my colleagues at Borkir International

international standards and best practices.

1.1 OVERVIEW OF THE 125MMSCFD GAS PROCESSING PLANT

Here's an overview of its key components and operations:

to the 125MMSCF plant via the 16KM 14” feed pipeline.

1.1.2 Gas Processing Units

separating valuable hydrocarbon components. These units typically include:

formation and corrosion in downstream equipment. Techniques like absorption molecular

sieve was used as the dehydration agent in the dehydration tower.

(C5H12), based on their boiling points.

and their associated skids.

typically compressed to pipeline pressures for transportation to end-users or further

1.1.3 Condensate Storage and Export System

and Condensate Pig Launcher (L-130).

1.1.4 Flare System

Pressure KOD A & B, and Low-Pressure Flare System.

1.1.5 Instrument Air System

receivers and other associated components.

Figure 1: Overview of 125MMSCFD Gas Processing Plant

1.2 JUSTIFICATION OR NEED FOR PROJECT

The need for this project is multifaceted and are as follows:

monetization of these resources through domestic consumption, export, or conversion into

value-added products via the petrochemical sector.

1.2.2 Diversification of Energy Sources

cleaner-burning fuel compared to other hydrocarbons, resulting in lower greenhouse gas

processes, and transportation.

1.2.3 Internal Power Generation

1.2.4 Industrial Development

petrochemicals, fertilizers, manufacturing, and metallurgy. The establishing of this gas

Indorama Petrochemical are a major offtake of propane from this plant.

1.2.5 Environmental Benefits

resources, aligning with Nigeria's commitments to international environmental agreements

and sustainable development goals.

1.2.6 Revenue Generation

1.2.7 Infrastructure Development:

associated infrastructure such as pipelines, compression facilities, storage tanks, and

distribution networks. These infrastructure investments enhance connectivity, facilitate

responsible utilization of Nigeria's abundant natural gas resources. By harnessing these

and industrial growth while addressing pressing societal challenges.

1.3 PRELIMINARY STUDIES/INVESTIGATIONS

1.3.1 Resource Assessment

reservoir simulation studies were undertaken to understand reservoir behavior, predict

production rates, and optimize recovery strategies

1.3.2 Market Analysis

1.3.3 Technical Feasibility Study

plant development. Factors such as location, infrastructure, access to utilities, and

Corporation now ENERFLEX LTD. To conduct preliminary process simulations and

engineering studies to determine the optimal processing technologies, equipment requirements,

provider for the gas plant.

1.3.4 Environmental Social Impact Assessment (ESIA)

conducted an Environmental Social Impact Assessment to evaluate the potential environmental

permits as well as approvals for project development

1.3.5 Economic Feasibility Analysis