514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Tela iiocee now on) D> chapter? Motion in One Dimension View PDF View PDF @& Exercise 2(A) — Multiple Choice Type Question 1 Physical quantities which are expressed only by their magnitude are 41, Scalar quantities 2, Vector quantities 3. Tensor quantities 4, None of these. Answer Scalar quantities Reason — Physical quantities are classified into two broad categories: 1. Scalar quantities - having only magnitude. 2. Vector quantities - having both magnitude and direction. Question 2 Which of the following is a scalar quantity? 1. Force 2.Time 3. Acceleration 4, Displacement Answer Time intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 1195,514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Reason — Time has only magnitude, whereas force, acceleration and displacement all have magnitude as well as direction, Question 3 A vector quantity possesses: 1, Direction 2, Magnitude 3. Both (a) and (6) 4, None of these Answer Both (a) and (b) Reason — Vector quantities have both magnitude and direction. Question 4 A vector quantity is — 4, Work 2, Pressure 3. Distance 4, Velocity Answer Velocity Reason —A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction. Velocity has both magnitude and direction, so itis a vector quantity. Question 5 ‘The motion of a train on a straight track is an example of motion. 41, Two dimensional 2, Three dimensional 3, One dimensional 4, Allof these Answer ‘One dimensional Reason —As the train is moving on a straight track and there is no lateral movement (sideways), hence itis a one dimensional motion. Question 6 ‘The S11. unit of displacement is: /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 2196151424, 9:48 PM CChapter 2: Motion in One Dimension | Seina Solutions Concise Prysis Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 4. Centimetre 2. Millimetre 3. Decimetre 4. Metre Answer Metre Reason — The shortest distance from the initial to the final position of the body, is the magnitude of displacement and its direction is {rom inital position to the final position, tis a vector quantity and its S.L. unit is metre. Question 7 Ifa body starts its motion from point A to B and comes back to the same point after a certain time interval, the displacement is: ep sss? 0m ——______ 1.10 2,20 3.0 4.15 Answer ° Reason — Ifa body stars its motion from point A to B and comes back to the same point after a certain time interval, the displacement is 0, For example: In a circular motion, the body comes back to the starting point after completing the circle, then displacement is zero but distance covered is not zero. Question 8 Motion of a car ina crowded street is an example of 1. Uniform speed 2. Uniform velocity 3. Variable acceleration 4, Uniform acceleration Answer Variable acceleration Reason —As the change in velocity of the car in not same in same interval of time, the acceleration is said to be variable, /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 3195514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Question 9 ‘The distance travelled by a body in 10 s when it travels with a uniform speed of 10 ms-1 is: 4.100 m 21m 3.20m 4.50m Answer 100 m Reason —As the body is moving with uniform speed, equal distance is covered in equal intervals of time, Distance covered in 1 s is 10m, hence distance covered in 10 s is 10x 10= 100 m, Question 10 For a particle in motion, which of the following quantity can be zero at any given instant? 1. Displacement 2. Distance 3. Speed 4, None of these Answer Displacement Reason — Ifa body starts its motion from point Ato B and comes back to the same after a certain time interval, the displacement is 0. Whereas, distance covered and speed will not be zero. Question 11 The S11, unit of velocity is — 4.4m bt 2. mmin* 3. km min"? Answer /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Reason — Velocity is the rate of change of displacement (m) of a body with time (s) so its unit is m s"*. Question 12 ‘The unit of retardation is — 1 Ams" 2ms 3m 4.ms? Answer ms? Reason — Retardation is decline in velocity (ms“1) of a body with time (s), 80 its unit is ms°2. Retardation is negative value of acceleration and has same unit as acceleration. ‘Question 13 18 km ht is equal to— Answer smst Reason —As, km _ 18 x 1000m 18 kmb™! = 18—= = ———_" . b 60x 605 y 18x 10m 18 kmh"? = 5% 10" > ox Os 180 m 18 kmh * > 368 > 18 kmh? =5 ms! Hence, 18 km h* is equal to 5 ms" Question 14 ‘The value of g does not depend on the: 1. Height of the body /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 2. Mass of the body 3, Shape of the body 4. Allof these Answer All of these Reason — The value of g does not depend on height, mass or ‘shape of the body. On the earth's surface, g is maximum at the poles {and minium at the equator. The value of g decreases with altitude ‘and also with depth from the earth's surface. ‘Question 15 Free fall of a body near earth's surface is an example of 1. Uniform acceleration 2, Uniform velocity 3, Variable acceleration 4, None of these Answer Uniform acceleration Reason — When a body is falling freely, the acceleration is said to be uniform as equal changes in velocity takes place in equal intervals of time. Question 16 The value of gis maximum at 1, Tropic of capricorn 2, Equator 3. Tropic of cancer 4, Poles Answer Poles Reason — On the earth's surface, g is maximum at the poles and ‘minium at the equator. The value of g decreases with altitude and also with depth from the earth's surface. Question 17 Abody when projected up with an initial velocity u goes to a ‘maximum height h in time t and then comes back at the point of projection. The correct statement is — /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 6195151424, 9:48 PM CChapter 2: Motion in One Dimension | Seina Solutions Concise Prysis Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 41. The average velocity is 2hit 2, The acceleration is zero 3. The final velocity on reaching the point of projection is 2u 4, The displacement is zero Answer The displacement is zero Reason — The displacoment is zero because the intial and the final Position of the body is same, Exercise 2(A) — Very Short Answer Type Question 1 State whether the following quantity is a scalar or vector? {a) Pressure (b) Force {c) Momentum (0) Energy (e) Weight (Speed Answer (a) Pressure — Scalar quantity (b) Force — Vector quantity {c) Momentum — Vector quantity (9) Energy — Scalar quantity {(e) Weight — Vector quantity (f) Speed — Scalar quantity ‘Question 2 Write the parameters required to express a scalar quantity Answer Two parameters are requited to express a scalar quantity 1 Unit in which the quantity is being expressed. 2. Numerical value of the measured quantity, Question 3 Name the parameters required to express a vector quantity intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 7195514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Answer ‘Three parameters are required to express a vector quantity : 1, Unit in which the quantity is being expressed, 2, Numerical value of the measured quantity, 3. Direction Question 4 What does the negative sign with a vector quantity indicates? Answer ‘The negative sign with a vector quantity implies the reverse (or opposite) direction. e.g. the forces Fand — Fare in opposite directions Question 5 When is a body said to be at rost ? Answer A body is said to be at rest ifit does not change its position with respect to its immediate surrounding Question 6 When is a body said to be in motion ? Answer A.body is said to be in motion if it changes its position with respect to its immediate surroundings. ‘Question 7 What do you mean by motion in one direction ? Answer When a body moves along a straight line path, its motion is said to be one dimensional motion ‘Question 8 Define displacement. State its unit. Answer ‘The shortest distance from the initial to the final position of the body, is the magnitude of displacement and its direction is from initial position to the final position. It is a vector quantity Unit — The S... unit of displacement is metre (m) and C.G.S. unit is centimetre (em) intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 8195514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Question 9 When is the magnitude of displacement equal to the distance? Answer ‘The magnitude of displacement is equal to the distance, when the motion Is in a fixed direction. Question 10 Define velocity. State its unit. Answer The velocity of a body is the distance travelled per second by the body in a specified direction. Itis a veetor quantity. S.L unit of velocity = Mee _ second — 5 centimetre _ cm C.GS. unit of velocity = SES = SE Question 11 Define speed. What is its S.1, unit 2 Answer ‘Speed of a body is the rate of change of distance with time Itis a scalar quantity. Its generally ropresented by w or v Ifa body travels a distance S in time t, then its speed v is — Distance (S) _$ Speed (v) = Fie ® F metre S.1. unit of speed — = » second 5 centimetre _ cm . unit of speed = "EEE _ SE ca second 5 Question 12 Which quantity speed or velocity gives the direction of motion of a body. Answer Velocity gives direction of motion of body as itis a vector quantity, ‘Speed is a scalar quantity hence, it does not say anything about direction of mation. intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 9195514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Question 13 When is the instantaneous speed same as the average speed? Answer In case of a body moving with uniform speed, the instantaneous speed and the average speed are equal (same as the uniform speed) because, in case of uniform speed, neither the speed nor the direction change. Question 14 Define acceleration. State its $.1. unit Answer ‘Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time. Numerically, acceleration is equal to the change in velocity in 4 s. . Change in velocity Acceleration = 205 VEO Time interval meter m S.L. unit of acceleration = ——, = > second? s* centimeter cm C.G.S. unit of acceleration = SPARSE _ oe second” s ‘Question 15 What is meant by the term retardation? Name its SJ. unit Answer Ifthe velocity of a body decreases with time, iis called retardation. As itis decrease in velocity per second, so, retardation is negative acceleration I's unit is same as that of acceleration. meter _ m 2 S.L unit of retardation = = C.G.S. unit of retardation — Sentimeter _ om second” Question 16 Which of the quantity, velocity or acceleration determines the direction of motion ? Answer Velocity determines the direction of motion as velocity is the distance travelled per second by a moving object in a particular direction, /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 0185Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Positive or negative sign of velocity indicates the direction of motion. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time. It does not say anything about direction of motion. Positive or negative sign of acceleration tell us weather the velocity is increasing or decreasing Question 17 Define the term acceleration due to gravity. State its average value. Answer When a body falls freely under the gravity, the acceleration produced in the body due to earth's gravitational attraction is called acceleration due to gravity, ‘The average value of 'g' is 9.8 ms“ (or nearly 10 ms Exercise 2(A) — Short Answer Type Question 1 Differentiate between scalar and vector quantities, giving two ‘examples of each. Answer Differences between scalar and vector quantities are as follows — Scalar Quantity ‘These are physical quantitios which are expressed only by their magnitude. We need two parameters to express a scalar quantity. The parameters are: ()) unit in which the quantity Is being measured (ii) numerical value of the measured quantity, Scalar quantities can be added, subtracted, vided by ple arithmetic methods. ‘multiplied and Example (i) Itwe say, mass of a body intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-9iese-concise-physios-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension Vector Quantity ‘Those physical quantities require magnitude as well as the direction to express them, then only their meaning is complete, We require three parameters to express a vector quantity. ‘The parameters are: (i) unit (i) direction (ii) numerical value of quantity. Vector quantities follow different algebra for their addition, subtraction, Example: (i) Abody is displaced by 5 11105514124, 0:48 PM (Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Scalar Quantity Vector Quantity is 5kg, it has a complete metre towards east, then it has ‘meaning and we are ‘a complete meaning completely expressing the _(j) velocity, acceleration, ‘mass of the body. foree, ete. (ii) mass, length, time, ete. Question 2 Both scalar and vector quantities can be added, subtracted, ‘multiplied and divided by simple arithmetic methods. Is this statement correct? Give a reason for your answer. Answer No, the statement is not correct. Scalar quantities can be added, subtracted, multiplied and divided by simple arithmetic methods however vector quantities follow different algebra for their addition, subtraction and multiplication as they have magnitude as well as direction. Question 3(a) Differentiate between distance and displacement, Answer ‘The difference between distance and displacement is as follows: Distance Displacement Itis the distance travelled by the Itis the length of the path object in a specified direction in a traversed by the object in certain time (i.e. itis the shortest a certain time, distance between the final and the inital positions). Itis a scalar quantity .e.,it [tis a vector quantity .e., it has has only the magnitude. both magnitude and direction. It depends on the path It does not depend on the path followed by the object. followed by the object. I can be positive or negative Itis always positive, depending on its direction, It can be more than or Its magnitude can be less than or equal to the magnitude of equal to the distance, but can never displacement, be greater than the distance. Itmay not be zero even if It is zera if distance is zero, but it displacement is zero, but it can be zero if distance is not zero, /ntps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-3iese-concise-physios-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 1ai96514124, 0:48 PM Distance ‘can not be zero if displacement is not zero. Question 3(b) Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Displacement Differentiate between speed and velocity. Answer ‘The difference between speed and velocity is as follows: ‘Speed Velocity The distance travelled per ‘The distance travelled per second by a moving object, is called its speed Itis @ scalar quantity. The speed does not tell us the direction of motion. Tho speed is always positive since direction is not taken into consideration. After one round in a circular path, the average speed is not zero, Question 3(c) second by a moving object ina particular direction is called its velocity, itis a veetor quantity. The velocity tells us the speed as well as the direction of motion, The velocity can be positive or negative depending upon the direction of motion. After completing each round in a circular path, the average velocity is zero. Differentiate between uniform velocity and variable velocity Answer The difference between uniform velocity and variable velocity is as follows: Uniform Velocity Ifa body travels equal distances ina particular direction, in equal intervals of time, the body is said to be moving with a uniform velocity. intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension Variable Velocity (or non-uniform) Ifa body moves unequal distances In a particular direction in equal Intervals of time or it moves equal distances in equal intervals of time, but its direction of motion does not remain the same, then the velocity of the body is said to be variable (non- uniform).514124, 0:48 PM Uniform Velocity Example —A body, once started on a frictionless surface, moves with uniform velocity Question 3(4) Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Variable Velocity (or non-uniform) Example — The motion of a body in circular path, even with uniform speed is with variable velocity as the direction of motion of body continuously changes with time. Differentiate between average speed and average velocity. Answer ‘The difference between average speed and average velocity is as, follows — Average Speed The ratio of the total distance travelled by the body to the total time of Average Velocity Ifthe velocity of a body moving in ‘a particular direction changes with time, the ratio of displacement to the time taken in the entire journey is called its average speed ‘Avg Speed = Total Distance Total time Average speed can never be zero, Question 3(e) journey is called its average velocity, ‘Avg Velocity = Displacement Total time Itcan be zero, even if average speed is a non-zero value. Differentiate between acceleration and retardation, Answer ‘The differences between acceleration and retardation are as follows Acceleration Ifthe velocity of a body increases with time, itis called acceleration, As itis increase in velocity per second so itis positive acceleration. Question 3(f) /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension Retardation If the velocity of a body decreases with time, itis called retardation, As itis decrease in velocity per second so retardation is. negative acceleration.514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Differentiate between uniform acceleration and variable acceleration. Answer The differences between uniform acceleration and variable acceleration are as follows: Uniform Acceleration Variable acceleration The acceleration is said tobe ‘If changes in velocity are uniform (or constant) when not same in the same equal changes in velocity take intervals of time, the place in equal intervals of acceleration is said to be time. variable. Example —The motion of a Example — The motion of a body under gravity (0.g., free fall__vehicle on a crowded (or ofa body) hilly) road. Question 4 Can displacement be zero even if distance is not zero? Give one ‘example to explain your answer. Answer Yes, the displacement can be zero, even if the distance is not Ifa body, after travelling, comes back to its starting point, the displacement is zero but the distance travelled is not zero. Example — When a body is thrown vertically upwards from a point A (on the ground, after some time it comes back to the same point A, then the displacement of the body is zero but the distance travelled by the body is not zero. Question 5 Give an example of motion of a body moving with a constant speed, but with a variable velocity. Draw a diagram to represent such a ‘mation. Answer ‘The motion of a body in circular path, is an example of a body ‘moving with a constant speed and variable velocity because the direction of motion of body changes continuously with time. At any instant, the velocity is along the tangent to the circular path at that point. /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension ‘5195514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat v B ‘The figure above shows the direction of velocity v at different points A, B, C and D of the circular path, Question 6 Give an example of motion in which average speed is nat zero, but average velocity is zero. Answer It a body starts its motion and comes back to the same point after a certain time, (@.g., in a circular motion,) the displacement is zero, so the average velocity is also zero, but the total distance travelled is not zero and therefore, the average speed is not zero. Question 7 Give one example of each of the following: (2) Uniform velocity (b) Variable velocity (©) Variable acceleration (2) Uniform retardation Answer (a) Uniform velocity — The rain drops reach on earth's surfaco falling with uniform velocity. (©) Variable velocity — The motion of a freely falling body is with variable velocity because although the direction of motion of the body does not change, but the speed continuously increases. (c) Variable acceleration — The motion of a vehicle on a hilly (or crowded) road. /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 16185514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat {¢) Uniform retardation — Motion of a vehicle, reaching a destination. Question & ‘The diagram below shows the pattem of the oil on the road, dripping ata constant rate from a moving car. What information do you get {rom it about the motion of car? can Answer With the help of the given diagram, we observe that the red dots, {Gripping oil) aro intially at regular intervals and later the gap between the dots decreases, which implies that intially the car was covering equal distances in equal intervals of time but later the distance is decreasing. ‘Thus, we can infer that initially the car is moving with a constant speed and then it slows down. Question 9 What is the direction of velocity of an object moving in a circular path? Answer ‘The direction of velocity of an object moving in a circular path is always tangent to the circle. This means that with the movernent of body the velocity changes. ‘Question 10 "The value of g remains same at all places on the earth surface’. Is this statement true? Give reason for your answer. Answer No, the value of 'g' is not same at all places on the earth's surface. The value of g varies from place to place so an average value is considered. The average value of 'g' is 9.8 ms or nearly 10 ms”. The value of g decreases with altitude and also with depth from the earth's surface. ‘The value of ‘g' is maximum at the poles and minimum at the ‘equator on the earth surface. Question 11 intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension ri8s‘514124, 0:48 PMA Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Ifa stone and a pencil are dropped simultaneously in vacuum from the top of a tower, which of the two will each the ground first ? Give reason, Answer Both will reach the ground simultaneously as value of g does not depend on the mass of the body, Acceleration due to gravity is same (=) on both and there is no effect of friction and buoyancy due to air. Exercise 2(A) — Numericals Question 1 ‘The speed of a car is 72 km h', Express it in m Answer As, 72km _ 72 x 100m “Th ~ (60x 60)5- 72x 10m (x 6)s 20 xm 5 72k ho > 72k hot => T2km ht = Hence, 72km ht is equal to 20 ms, Question 2 Express 15 ms“! inkm ht Answer As, 1 yp! — 15x60 x 60 tims t= 15S = 1 _ 1x6x6 > Ibm st =X = 15m s"! = 54km h™ Hence, 15 m sis equal to 54 kmh“? Question 3 Express each of the following in m s“* — (a) tkm it {b) 18 km min Answer /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat (a)As, “1 _ tk _ 1x 1000m tem b= Th = 60x 60s 1_ 1x 10m km y= 110m > ie Ox 6s Thm not = 227m Hence, 4 km ht is equal to 0.278 ms (As, 18 x 1000m 605 Hence, 18 km ht is equal to 300 m s Question 4 Arrange the following speeds in increasing order — 10 ms“, 1 km mint, 18 km br! Answer In order to arrange in increasing order of speeds, the units of the: given speeds must be same. Hence, we convert all the three in m s* (a) 10mst=10mst ... [1] {already in ms") (©) 1 km mi vam min! — km _ 1x 1000 Tin 60s > Vom min! = 1% 100m és 1 _ 16.66 xm => 1 km min! = Hence, 1km min = 16.66 ms... [2] (o) 18 kmh, As, km _ 18 x 1000m. 18km ho? = 1g—= = ———_" kh 60x 60s /ntps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#icse-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Seina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 18 x 10m > 18 kan no? = S* 10m 6x68 5xm >18kmh"t = 2* Hence, t8kmht=5ms .... [3] From 1, 2 and 3, we get the Increasing order as folows — 48 km br, 10 ms, 1 km mint, Question 5 train takes 3 h to travel from Agra to Delhi with a uniform speed of 65 km 1. Find the distance between the two cites. Answer ‘As we know, Distance = Speed x Time Given. ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, Distance = 65 x 3= 195 km Hence, the Question 6 ‘Acar travels frst 30 km with a uniform speed of 60 km ht and then next 30 km with a uniform speed of 40 km h~* Calculate — {) the total time of journey, (i) the average speed of the car. Answer Given, Distance travelled $1 = 30 km ‘Speed vy = 60 km ht Distance travelled Sp = 30 km /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat ‘Speed v, = 40 km ht (As we know, . distance (S) Tae (.) Tay ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, 8: 2 v1 , — Bhan © 60k hi 1 hs 5h >t Converting 0.5 h to min we get, > ty = 0.5 x 60 min => t= 30min and n= ve 30kin © 40am hi 3 4= qh ta > t= 0.75b Converting 0.75 h to min we get, = ty = 0.75 x 60 min > ly = 45 min Total time t= ty +t Hence, Total time of journey = 75 min. (i) As we know, Total distance $ = $1 +S, = 30 km +30 km 0 km Hence, Total distance travelled = 60 km. As we know, /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 21105‘514124, 0:48 PMA Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat total distance total time taken 60 km 125k => Average speed = 48 kmh ' Average speed = Average speed 8 kmh Hence, Average speed of the car ‘Question 7 A train takes 2 h to reach station B from station A, and then 3 h to retum from station & to station A. The distance between the two stations is 200 km. Find — () The average speed (i) The average velocity ofthe train Answer Given, Distance traveled Sy = 200 km time ty=2h Distance traveled Sp = 200 km time ty=3h (As we know, “Average speed = _*2tal distance Be Spee Total time taken Total distance travelled S = Sj + Sz = 200km + 200 km 100 km ‘Total time taken t= ty + ty heah h ‘Substituting the values of total distance travelled and total time taken in the formula of Average Speed above, we get, 400 km Average speed = 400 Bh > Average speed = 80 kmh" (i) Displacement = 0 (since final position is same as initial position) /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 2aies514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Hence, Average velocity = 0 (as displacement = 0) Question & ‘Acar moving on a straight path covers a distance of 1 km due east in 100s. What is (ithe speed and {i the velocity of car ? Answer ‘As we know, ; distance (S) Speed (v) = ay Given, Distance travelled S = 1 km = 1000 m, time t= 100s ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, _ 1000 m 100s > Speed (v) = 10 ms"? Speed (v) Hence, speed of the car is 10 ms (ii) The magnitude of velocity of the car is same as that of speed of car le. 10ms" However, when we talk about velocity, we mention direction also, Hence, velocity of car is 10 m s*t due east. ‘Question 9 Abody starts from rest and acquires a velocity 10 ms“ in 2s. Find its acceleration Answer Given, Initial velocity (u) = 0 Final velocity (v Time (t) ‘As we know, /ntps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZelmotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM CChapter 2: Motion in One Dimension | Seina Solutions Concise Prysis Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat __ final vel. (v) — initial vel. (u) ‘time (6) ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, Acceleration (a) = *2 5 ° ‘Acceleration (a) = 22 ~ Acceleration (a) ms Hence, accel ation of the body is § ms. Question 10 Acar starting from rest acquires a velocity of 180 ms“ in 0.05 h. Find the acceleration, Answer ‘As we know, final vel. (v) — initial vel. (u) time (t) Given, Initial velocity (u) = 0 Final velocity (v) = 180m s“* Time (1) = 0.05 Converting 0.05 h to s we get, 0.05h = 0.05 x 60 x 60 0.05h = 0.05 x 3600 0.05h = 180s ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, , 180-0 Acceleration (a) = 5 180 ms * Acceleration (a) = So — = Acceleration (a) = 1 ms“? 2 Hence, acceleration of the body is 1 ms Question 11 A body is moving vertically upwards. Its velocity changes at a constant rate from 50 ms‘ to 20ms-"in 3s . What is its acceleration ? intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension aie514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Answer As we know, final vel. (v) — initial vel. (u) time (t) Given, Initial velocity (u) = 50 m s~* Final velocity (v) = 20 m st Time (t)=38 ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, 20-3 ‘Acceleration (a) = 22 ; 50 30 ms"! Acceleration =- cceleration (a) = — "08 > Acceleration (a) = —10 ms~? Hence, aces ation of the body is -10 m s “2. Negative sign shows that the velocity decreases with time, so retardation is 10 ms? Question 12 A toy car initially moving with a uniform velocity of 18 km ht comes toa stop in 2s. Find the retardation of the car in S.l. units Answor [As we know, a final vel. (v) ~ initial vel time (t) Given, Initial velocity (u) = 18 km hr To convert initial velocity u to m s™ 18km _ 18 x 1000 m “Th ~~ 60x 60s 18 x 10m OxOs = 18kmh'=5ms7 18 km ht = = 18 kan bh Hence, 18 km ht is equal to 5 ms“ Final velocity (v) = 0 Time (' /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, 0-5 Acceleration (a) Acceleration (a) = Hence, acceleration of the body is -2.5 m s ~. Negative sign shows that the velocity decreases with time, so retardation is 2.6m s Question 13 Acar accelerates at a rate of 5 m in2s. Answer As we know, final vel. (v) — initial vel. (u) ‘time (t) Hence, Velocity Increase = Acceleration (a) x time(t) Given, a=5ms? te28 ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, a Velocity Increase = 5 ms"? x 2s => Velocity Increase = 10 m s Hence, increase in velocity = 10 ms“ Question 14 Acar is moving with a velocity 20 m s “1 retard it at a rate of 2 ms. What will be the velocity after 5 s of applying the brakes ? Answer As we know, final vel. (v) ~ initial vel. (u) time (0) and retardation is negative acceleration. Hence, /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 2. Find the increase in its velocity ‘The brakes are applied to‘24, 948 PM {Chapter 2: Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowedgeBoat final vel. (v) ~ initial vel. (u) = Retardation(-a) time(t) Given, ams? ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, final vel. (v) — 20m s-t = —2im s-? x 58 1 v 20m s"! = ~10ms > v= (20-10)ms™ =>v=10ns* Hence, final velocity = 10 ms“ Question 15 bicycle initially moving with a velocity 5.0 m s“* accelerates for 5 s ata rate of 2m s. What willbe its final velocity? Answer As we know, final vel. (v) ~ initial vel. (u) ‘time (8) Hence, final vel. (v) ~ initial vel. (u) = Acceleration (a) x time (t) Given, a=2ms? te5s u=50ms* Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, final vel. (v) — Sms"! = 2ms? x 58 Sms? = 10ms* > v=(10+5)ms* => v=15ms* /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension ries514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Hence, final velocity = 15 ms“ Question 16 ‘Acar is moving in a straight line with speed 18 km hr", Itis stopped in 5s by applying the brakes. Find — {) the speed of car in mst, (i) the retardation and {il the speed of car after 2 s of applying the brakes Answer Given, speed of car = 18 km hr {() To convert speed to m st 1 18kim _ 18 x 100m 18km b Tb 60 x 60s 18 x 10m 6x65 > 18km bh = Sms => 18km hi Hence, 18 km ht is equal to 5 ms“ (ii) As the car is stopped, the final velocity = 0 initial velocity (u) = 18 km h* ‘As we know, __ final vel. (v) — initial vel. (u) ~ time (t) Given, Initial velocity (u) = 5 m s** Final velocity (v) = 0 Time (t) = 5 ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, Acceleration (a) = 5 3 Acceleration (a) = ; > Acceleration (a) = —Ims~* /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 28105514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Hence, acceleration of the car is -1 ms. Negative sign shows that the velocity decreases with time, so retardation Is 1m “2 (il) Given, t=28 a=-tms u=smst Substituting the values in the formula for acceleration, we get, (v= 5)ms Ins? = —2ms —5)ms~ >= (5—2)ms? 1 = v= 3ms Hence, the speed of car after 2 s of applying the brakes = 3m s Give an example of motion of a body moving with a constant speed, but with a variable velocity. Draw a diagram to represent such a ‘mation. Answer ‘The motion of a body in circular path, is an example of a body ‘moving with a constant speed and variable velocity because the direction of motion of body changes continuously with time. ‘At any instant, the velocity is along the tangent to the circular path at that point. /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 2219s151424, 9:48 PM CChapter 2: Motion in One Dimension | Seina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat The figure above shows the direction of velocity v at different points ‘A.B, Cand D of the circular path Exercise 2(B) — Multiple Choice Type Question 1 The slope of displacement-time graph gives: 1. Velocity 2. Acceleration 3. Speed 4, Displacement Answer Velocity Reason —As, velocity is the ratio of displacement and time, therefore, the slope of displacement-time graph gives the velocity. Question 2 From the given displacement-time graph, answer the following ‘uestions: i 4 Gfenenenanennnn 2 TIME (s)— (0) The kind of motion depicted inthis graph is 4. uniform 2. non-uniform 3. retardation 4, ll ofthe above (i) The velocity between point A and C is: 1.20 ms" 2.5ms /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 3.10 ms 4.15 ms" (ii) The displacement at t= 3s is: 41,15 mis? 2.12.5 mis? 3.40 m 4.30m Answer () uniform Reason —As the graph shows the linear relationship between displacement ané time i.e., the car travels equal distance in equal intervals of time in a certain direction. Thus, itis moving with uniform motion. i) 10 ms Reason —As, velocity is the ratio of displacement and time, therefore, Velocity = Slope of straight line AC (60 ~ 30) m G25 30m 3s =10ms 1 (ii) 40 m Reason — When we observe the graph, we notice that at 3, the displacement axis shows 40 m, hence, displacement at t= 3 sis 40 Question 3 (Out of the following, the correct displacement-time graph for uniform motion is: intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 31/95514124, 0:48 PM chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat @ ) oy it ei 5 5 3 2 - 3 a Tim * o Time > © ¥ @ 2 = st et Fs § 8 8 & 3 & x a a Time—> Time —> Answer ‘The correct displacement-time graph for uniform motion is Y t Displacement Time —> Reason — When the displacement-time graph is a straight line inclined to the time axis, then the body covers equal distances in ‘equal intervals of time and shows uniform motion. Question 4 From the velocity-time graph, we can determine 1. The displacement of the body in a certain time interval 2. The acceleration of the body at any instance. 3. Both (a) and (b) 4, None of these Answer Both (a) and (b) Reason — (i) Since, velocity x time = displacement, the area enclosed between the velocity-time sketch and X-axis (Le., the time axis) gives the displacement of the body. intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 2219s‘514124, 0:48 PMA Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat {i) Since, acceleration is equal to the ratio of change in velocity and time taken, therefore the slope (or gradient) of the velocity-time sketch gives the acceleration. Question 5 Velocity x tim 1. Average velocity 2, Displacement 3. Acceleration 4, Speed Answer Displacement Reason — Velocity x time jisplacement. Question 6 The velocity-time graph of a body in motion is a straight line inclined to the time axis. The correct statement is — 41. velocity is uniform 2. acceleration is uniform 3. both velocity and acceleration are uniform 4. neither velocity nor acceleration is uniform, Answer acceleration Is uniform Reason —When the velocity-time graph of a body in motion is a straight line inclined to the time axis then there are equal changes in velocity in equal intervals of time and hence, the movement is with uniform acceleration. Question 7 For a uniformly retarded motion, the velocity-ime graph is: tacuve 2, a straight ine parallel tothe time axis 3. a straight line perpendicular to the time axis 4, a straight Ine inclined to the time axis Answer a straight line inclined to the time axis Reason — If the motion is uniformly retarded (ie., its velocity decreases by an equal amount in each second), the velocity-time intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 33195514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat graph will be a straight line inclined to the time axis with a negative slope. Question & ‘Study the velocity-time graph shown below and answer the questions that follow: 60 —7 a 3 40 30 20 10 0 Velocity (ms“) 12 3 45 6 Time (s) —> (i) The distance travelled in 5s: 4.10m 2.50.m 3.125m 4,250 m {i) The retardation of the body as calculated from the graph is: 1.12ms2 2.15 ms 3.10 ms? 4,20 ms? Answer (9) 125 m Reason —As distance = velocity x time So, (50-0) x (5 - 0) = 50x5= 125m Hence, distance travelled in $s = 125 m (i) 10 ms? Reason — Retardation = Slope of straight line /ntps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-3iese-concise-physics-elina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 34795514124, 0:48 PM CChapter 2: Motion in One Dimension | Seina Solutions Concise Prysis Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat (50-0) (6-0) 50m Bs =10ms Hence, retardation = 10 ms? ‘Question 9 ‘The graph representing the state of rest of an object is t o M Y a) (2) va ‘> ——se (3) Y (4) Y a> s—> t. > Answer ‘The graph representing the state of rest of an object is y x t7? Reason —As distance is not changing in distance-time graph hence, the state of rest of an object is shown. Question 10 Which of the following graphs shown below represents the uniform motion of an object? /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 25185Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat i) @ ‘514124, 0:48 PMA Y st ot s 3 3 z a 3 Time—> * Time —> ® y @ 7 i! 8 3 g Time—> * Timea * Answer ‘The graph representing the uniform motion of an abject is: Y of 8 Vel Time—> * Reason —As in velocity-time graph, velocity of the body is not changing, therefore, the body is covering equal distance in equal intervals of time and is in uniform motion, ‘Question 11 ‘The velocity-time graph given below shows: 26195 nips: knowledgeboat comeam/class-9.cse-concse-physcs-selinasolutons/xIWZe/mation-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Seina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat | 25 = 20 A E 15 2 10 8 g 5 ov T2345 Time (s) —> 1, Uniform acceleration 2. Average speed 3. Uniform velocity 4. All of these Answer Uniform velocity Reason —As in velocity-time graph, velocity of the body is not ‘changing, therefore, the body is covering equal distance in equal Intervals of time and is in uniform motion, Question 12 ‘The slope of the velocity-tme graph gives 1. Displacement 2. Speed 3, Distance 4. Acceleration Answer Acceleration Reason —As, acceleration is the ratio of velocity and time, therefore, the slope gives the acceleration. Question 13 In the velocity-time graph shown below, the ratio of the distance travelled by the object in the last 2 s and the distance travelled in 7 s is intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension aries514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Velocity (in ms“) —> oN BROWS 1234567 Time (s) —> 1 3 2 3 Answer i 4 Reason — Distance covered in last 2 s = area of triangle 10= 10m Distance covered in last 7 s = area of trapezium = ~ x 10 x (2+ 6) = 40m Hence, ratio of of the distance travelled by the object in the last 2 s 10 1 and the distance travelled in 7 s is = — = — 0°04 Question 14 The velocity-time graph given below shows an object moving in a straight ine. The displacement and the distance travelled by the object in 6 s will respectively be /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 8185514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Velocity (in ms) —> Rhosawmon Time (in s) —> 4.8m, 16m 2.16m,8m 3.16m, 16m 4.8mam Answer 8m, 16m Reason — Displacement = area of 1st rectangle - area of 2nd rectangle + area of third rectangle x2]-[2x2]+[2x2]=8m Distance = area of 1st rectangle + area of 2nd rectangle + area of third rectangle = [4 x 2]+[2x2]+12x2]= 16m Exercise 2(B) — Very Short Answer Type Question 1 For the motion with uniform velocity, how is the distance travelled related to the time? Answer For the motion with uniform velocity, distance is directly proportional to time. Question 2 What does the slope of a displacement-time graph represent?” Answer As, velocity is the ratio of displacement and time, therefore, the slope gives the velocity. When slope is positive, it implies body is moving away from the starting (reference) point. intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 9185514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat When slope is negative, it implies body is returning towards the starting (reference) point, Question 3 When can the distance-time and displacement-time graph be the same? Answer For a motion in one direction in a straight line, since the direction of ‘motion does not change, so displacement-lime graph and the istance-time graph are same. Question 4 What information do we get by a greater slope of displacement-time graph? Answer A greater slope of displacement-time graph shows higher velocity. Question 5 What information is conveyed about motion by the negative slope of a displacement-time graph? Answer ‘The negative slope of a displacement-time graph shows the motion towards the origin. Question 6 What does the slope of velocity-time graph represent? Answer As the ratio of change in velocity and time taken is equal to the acceleration. Therefore, the slope of the velocity-time graph represents the acceleration. Question 7 What information do we get by a higher slope of velocity-time graph? Answer ‘On the velocity-time graph, larger the slope, higher is the acceleration or retardation. Question 8 What information do we get about motion by the negative slope of a velocity-time graph? /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 4095514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Answer Ifthe velocity-time graph has a negative slope, the motion of body decreases at a constant rate (\e., motion is uniformly retarded). Exercise 2(B) — Short Answer Type Question 1 What informations about the motion of a body are obtained from the displacement-time graph ? Answer Ina displacement time graph, the time is on the X axis and the displacement of the body is on the ¥ axis. As, velocity is the ratio. of displacement and time, therefore, the slope gives the velocity. When slope is positive, it implies body is mo\ starting (reference) point. 1g away from the When slope is negative, it implies body is returning towards the starting (reference) point. Question 2 Can displacement-time sketch be parallel to the displacement axis Give reason to your answer. Answer No, the displacementtime sketch can never be a straight line, parallel to the displacement axis because such a line would mean that the distance covered by the body in a certain di increases without any increase in time (i.e, the velocity of the body is infinite) which is impossible. ‘Question 3 Draw a displacement-time graph for a boy going to schoo! with a uniform velocity, Answer Below is the displacement-time graph for a boy going to school with ‘a uniform velocity intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 495(Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 40 le DISPLACEMENT rn) 2 0 TIME (s)} = Question 4 State how the velocity-time graph can be used to find — {) the acceleration of a body, {i the distance travelled by the body in a given time, and, {il the displacement of the body in a given time. Answer (i) Acceleration of a body — As acceleration is equal to the ratio of ‘change in velocity and time taken, therefore, the slope ( or gradient of the velocity-time graph gives the acceleration. (i) Distance travelled by the body in a given time — The total distance travelled by the body is obtained by the arithmetic sum of the positive displacement and negative displacement (without sign). (ii) Displacement of the body — As the product of velocity and time gives the displacement, therefore, the area enclosed between the velocity-time sketch and X - axis (ie., the time axis) gives the displacement of the body. The total displacement is obtained by adding positive displacement and negative displacement numerically with proper sign. Question 5 What can you say about the nature of motion of a body if its displacement-time graph is — /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 4295514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat {a) a straight line parallel to time axis? {(b) a straight line inclined to the time axis with an acute angle? {o) a straight line inclined to the time axis with an obtuse angle? (0) acurve Answer ‘The following can be said about the nature of motion of a body, ifits displacement-time graph is as follows — (a) Astraight line parallel to time axis — shows that the body is. stationary (or no motion). (b) A straight line inclined to the time axis with an acute angle — shows the linear relationship between the displacement and time ((e, the body travels equal distance in equal intervals of time in a certain direction). Hence, we can say the motion is away from the starting point with uniform velocity (c)A straight — shows that there is motion towards the starting point wi 1¢ inclined to the e axis with an obtuse angle rm velocity. (¢) Acurve — shows that the body moves with varying speed in a fixed direction. Hence, we can say that there is motion with variable velocity. Question 6 ‘The figure shows displacement-time graph of two vehicles A and B moving along a straight road. Which vehicle Is moving faster? Give | ; DISPLACEMENT (mm) TIME (3) —— Answer We infer from the graph, that vehicle A is moving faster than vehicle B. It is so because, the slope of line A is more than that of intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 43195Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat line B. Question 7 How is the velocity obtained from the displacement-time graph for a body moving with a varying speed in a fixed direction? Answer Ia body moves with varying speed in a fixed direction ie., with variable velocity the displacement-time graph is not a straight line, but itis a curve. The velocity at any instant can then be obtained by finding the slope of the tangent drawn on the curve at that instant of time. Question 8 Draw a velocity-time graph for a body moving with an initial velocity uw and uniform acceleration a. Use this graph to find the distance travelled by the body in time t Answer Below is the velocity-time graph for a body moving with an initial velocity u and uniform acceleration a: vELociTy ° TIME t Let v be the velocity at time t for this body having initial velocity u and uniform acceleration a as shown in the graph. Distance travelled by the body in time t = Area under the velocity- time curve. Henee, Distance travelled rea of trapezium OABD x sum of parallel sides x height x(OA+DB)x OD /ntps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 4495514124, 0:48 PM /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Seina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 1 x(utyxt je 2 (ust 2 Question 9 State the type of motion represented by the following sketches in (a) and (b). Give example of each type of motion. (a) Y a VELocITY x TIME —> () VELOCITY a TIME —> Answer (a) The graph shows uniformly accelerated motion. Example — Uniform acceleration is depicted by the motion of a body released downwards. {(b) The graph shows the motion with a variable retardation. Example — Motion with a variable retardation is shown by a car approaching its destination. 45195514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Question 10 Figure shows the velocity-time graph for two cars A and B moving in ‘same direction, Which car has the greater acceleration? Give reason to your answer. | VELOCITY TIME —> Answer We can infer from the graph, that the car B has greater acceleration than car A as the slope of straight line for car Bis: more than that of car A. Question 11 Draw the velocity-time graph for a body moving with — {2) uniform velocity, {(b) uniform acceleration. Answer {@) Below is the velocity-time graph for a body moving with uniform velocity intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 4695514124, 0:48 PM chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Y VELOCITY TIME ——> {(b) Below is the velocity-time graph for a body moving with uniform acceleration: VELOCITY TIME ——> Question 12 ‘The velocity-time graph for a uniformly retarded body is a straight line inclined to the time axis with an obtuse angle. How is retardation calculated from the velocity-time graph? Answer Retardation is calculated from the velocityetime graph, by finding the negative slope. ‘Question 13 ‘The figure given below shows the displacement-time graph for four bodies A, B, C and D. In each case state what information do you get ‘about the acceleration (zero, positive or negative). /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 4795514124, 0:48 PM chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat A B s s t— t—> D c s s t— t —— Answer The following information is obtained from the given figures — + A— Zero acceleration since slope (i-e., velocity) is constant. + B+ Zero acceleration since slope (ie., velocity) is constant. + C+ Negative acceleration (or retardation) since slope is decreasing with time. + D— positive acceleration since slope is increasing with time. Question 14 Draw a graph for acceleration against time for a uniformly accelerated motion. How can it be used to find the change in speed ina certain interval of time? Answer Below is the graph for acceleration against time for a uniformly accelerated motion /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 48195514124, 0:48 PM chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Y ACCELERATION] ° TIME —> For linear motion, ‘Acceleration x ime = change in speed Therefore, we can find the change in speed from the area enclosed between the acceleration-time sketch and the time axis. ‘Question 15 Draw a velocity-time graph for the free fall of a body under gravity, starting from rest Take g = 10 ms Answer Below is the velocity-time graph for the free fall of a body under gravity, starting from rest y 50. 40; 30: vetocity 20 10. intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 4995514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Question 16 How is the distance related with time for the motion under uniform acceleration such as the motion ofa freely falling body ? Answer For a freely falling body ((.e., motion under uniform acceleration ), the displacement is directly proportional to the square of time, sat? Question 17 A body falls freely from a certain height. Show graphically the relation between the distance fallen and square of time, How will you determine g from this graph? Answer Below is the graph of distance fallen against square of time for a freely falling body: 140 120) 100: | 80 60 DISPLACEMENT (m) 40 20 0 5 10 15 2 25 SQUARE OF TIME (s*) —> ‘The slope is half the acceleration due to gravity, ‘Thus, the value of acceleration due to gravity (g) can be obtained by doubling the slope of the S - t? graph for a freely falling body. Exercise 2(B) — Long Answer Type Question 1 Draw the velocity-time graph for a body moving with — {a) uniform velocity, /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat {(b) uniform acceleration. and give one example of each and also calculate the displacement and acceleration, Answer {@) Below is the velocity-time graph for a body moving with uniform velocity VELOCITY TIME ——> Example: In the fig. given below, a straight line AB, represents the velocity-time graph of a body moving with a uniform velocity 4 ms“? for Ss. ¥ 14 | tia B £3 S & 2 Qo oa a e c oO 4 2 8 4 5 TIME (s) —— Displacement in 5 second = area of rectangle OABC = OC x O/ x4=20m Hence, displacement ‘The slope of the straight line AB is zero, therefore, its acceleration /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 51/95514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat {(b) Below is the velocity-time graph for a body moving with uniform acceleration’ | VELOCITY x TIME ——> Example: The table below represents the velocity of a body at different instants, starting from rest. Time(s) 90 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8B Displacement (m) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 VELOCITY (m s"') ——> TIME (s) —> Distance travelled in 8 s = S = area of triangle OPO 1 1 1 = 5 xbase x height = + x00 xQP = + x8 x80= 320m 2 ‘a 2 2 2 Acceleration of body = slope of line OP PQ _ 80-0 =o Dc toms? Qo" 3-0 Hence, distance covered is 320 m and acceleration = 10 ms"? ‘Question 2 /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension aie514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Draw the accelerationtime graph for a body moving with {a) Uniform velocity (b) Free falling body and give an example of each. Answer {@) Below is the acceleration-time graph for a body moving with uniform velocity: Y ACCELERATION —> —> xX ° TIME ——> In the above figure, if the body is moving with a uniform velocity, the acceleration is zero. Hence, acceleration-time graph in such a case isa straight line coinciding with time axis. ‘An example of a body moving with uniform velocity is a car travelling con a straight and flat road with a constant speed of 60 krvvhour (ar any other constant speed), (b) Below is the acceleration-time graph for a free falling body: Y = a & ACCELERATION (m s*) —» e 8 ° Fo Io [0 io my x TIME (s) ——> /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 53195514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat In the figure given above, the straight line AF, represents the acceleration-time graph for a body falling freely with uniform acceleration of 10 ms, For example, a body falling freely under gravity moves with a uniform acceleration of 9.8 ms"? (or nearly 10 ms*). Exercise 2(B) — Numericals Question 1 Figure (a) shows the displacement-ime graph for the motion of a body. Use it to calculate the velocity of body at t= 1 s, 2s and 3s, then draw the velocity-time graph for itn Figure (b). ovsstacenent in ‘vevocrry (m=) 2 Answer DISPLACEMENT (mm) 4 al 2 al Oo 1 2 3 4 TIME (s) —> We observe from the given displacement time graph above, that the slope is a straight ine inclined with time axis, so the bedy is meving with uniform velocity. Hence, the velocity will be same att= 1's, 2sand3s. Velocity = Slope of straight line OP AB ~ OB (2-0) m “(0s 2m Ts Qms- Hence, velocity at t= 1 s, 2s and 3 s is equal to 2 ms” Velociy-time graph for the motion of a body is given below: /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 4 I 3 VELOCITY (m5) 2 1 2 3 4 TIME (s) —> ‘Question 2 Following table gives the displacement of a car at different instants of time. Time (s) 012 3 4 Displacement(m) 0 5 10 15 20 (2) Draw the displacement-time sketch and find the average velocity of car. (b) What will be the displacement of car at (i) 25 s and (ii) 45 5? Answer (2) The displacement-time sketch for the car is shown below: 225 20 { o« as DISPLACEMENT (m) 49 0 4 2253 445 TIME (s) —> As we know, Total dist: Avg. velocity of car = 1218 distance Total time 20-0m Avg. velocity of car = ——— 4. velocity of car = = —= 20m. Avg. velocity of car = 6. ty. Ts /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 55185Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat => Avg. velocity of car = 5 ms"? Hence, average velocity of the car is § ms“ (b) When we observe the graph, we can find the displacement of the car at various points, att 5 s, displacement = 12.5 m and Att= 4.55, displacement = 22.5 m Question 3 A body is moving in a straight line and its displacement at various instants of time is given in the following table — Time(s) 90 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Displacement(m) 2 6 12 12 12 18 22 24 Plot displacement-time graph and calculate — {) Total distance travelled in interval 1 $ to 5 5, (i) Average velocity in time interval 1 § to 5 s. Answer ‘The displacement-time graph is given below’ y 25 20 |» DISPLACEMENT (m) 10 o7 2 s a 6 6 9 TIME (s) —= ()) When we observe the graph, we find — ‘Total cistance travelled in interval 1 s to 5s = 18m-6 m= 12m Hence, total distance travelled in interval 1s to 5s = 12m (i) As we know, Avg, velocity — Total distance Total time 18 — 6m Avg, velocity = = /ntps:wwwknowledgeboat.comileamiclass-#iese-concise-physios-selina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 56185514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Seina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 12m) Avg, velocity = = => Avg, velocity = 3ms~! Hence, average velocity of the car in interval 1 s to 5 s is 3 mst Question 4 Figure shows the displacement of a body at different times. DISPLACEMENT im) se) (2) Calculate the velocity of the body as it moves for time interval (0105s, (i) 5sto7 sand (ii) 7sto9s. (b) Calculate the average velocity during the time interval 5 s to 9s. [Hint — From 5 s to 9s, displacement = 7 m-3m= 4m] Answer Bolow is the displacement-time graph of the body with the different points marked: /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension s7i9s514124, 0:48 PM chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat DISPLACEMENT (m) (a) As we know, (Att=0t05s Velocity = Slope of straight ine OA AB Om Velocity = 55 = S—ge 3m > Velocity = Velocity = 0.6ms~! att=0to5s=0.6ms* Hence, velo ()ALL=5t07s In this part we observe that there is no change in Y axis, (Le. displacement is zero so the body is stationary) Hence, velocity at t= 5to7s=0ms" (ii) Att=7sto9s Velocity = Slope of straight line BC cD 7-3m BD 9-Ts Velocity = Velocity — + Velocity = > Velocity = 2ms™* Hence, velocity at t= 7s to9s=2ms* (b) As we know, Total distance Avg. velocit; 5 ¥* “Total time ‘Substituting the values from the graph we get, /ntps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physios-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat ay — 73m Avg. velocity Bs Avg. velocity = = Avg, velocity Hence, average velocity of the car is 1 ms"? Question 5 From the displacementtime graph of a cyclist, given in figure, find — (i) The average velocity in the first 4 5, {il) The displacement from the intial position at the end of 10.5 {i The time after which he reaches the starting point. 10 £ DISPLACEMENT (m) 0} ~ 142345 67\8 9 1011 12/1314 Answer ()As we know, Total distance Ave. velocity = ToT time ‘Substituting the values from the graph, for the first 4 s, we get, ‘Avg. velocity = = => Avg. velocity = 2.5ms* Hence, average velocity of the car is 2.5 ms“? (i) From the graph, we get, Displacement = final position - intial position ‘Substituting the values from the graph, for the fist 10 s, we get, Displacement =-10 -0 = -10 m Hence, displacement from the initial position at the end of 10 s = -10m {ii) The cyclist would reach the start point two times, one at the 7s and the other at 13 s. /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 59185514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Question 6 Figure ahead represents the displacement-time sketch of motion of, two cars A and B. 160 { 120 DISPLACEMENT (km) 80 40 TIME (hy ——> Find — () The distance by which the car B was initially ahead of car A. (ji) The velocities of car A and car B {ili) The time in which carA catches car B {jv) The distance from start when the car A will catch the car B Answer () When we observe the graph, we find that the car B was ahead of car Aby 40 km. (i) As we know, displacement Velocity = =P Cars A and B have uniform velocities as displacement-time graph for both are straight lines. Att=4h cara 160 ~ Okm, Velocity = 7 160kan Velocity = 160k * yah = Velocity = 40kmh * Hence, velocity of car A= 40 km hv! CarB intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 5095514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 120 ~ 40kin Velocity = a 80k locity = > Velocity = =F = Velocity = 20kimh~? Hence, velocity of car B = 20 km h*? When we observe the graph, we find that both cars A and B intersect ata point K Hence, {ill the car A catches car B at time (1) = 2 h. (iv) the distance from start when the car A will catch the car B 80 km, Question 7 Abbody at rest is made to fall from the top of a tower. Its displacement at different instants is given in the following table — Time (in s) Of 02 03 04 05 06 Displacement (inm) 0.05 0.20 045 0.80 1.25 1.80 Draw a displacement-time graph and state whether the motion is, uniform or non-uniform? Answer Below is the displacement-time graph of the body made to fall from the top of a tower: 15 DISPLACEMENT (en) 1 os 0 01 02 03 04 08 06 TIME (s) —= When we observe the graph, we find, that the displacement-time graph is a curve Hence, we can say that the motion is non-uniform. Question 8 intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 6195,‘514124, 0:48 PMA Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Figure shows the velocity-time graph for the motion of a body. Use it to find the displacement of the body at = 1 s, 2s, 3s and 4s, then raw the displacement-time graph for it on figure (b). vevociry ims) 2 pspuxceuen in 4 wei) Te 6} Answer ‘As we know, the displacement of body at any instant can be obtained by finding the area enclosed by the straight line with the time axis up to that instant. Lot displacements att = 15, 2,3, 4 5 be Sj, Sp, S3, Sq respectively. Att= 15, s. 45m syz ina a) The table below gives the displacement of body at ferent instants. Time (in s) 1203 4 Displacement (inm) 05 2 45 8 ‘The displacement time graph is shown below /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 62195514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Seina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat TIME (s) —= Question 9 Figure below shows a velocity-time graph for a car starting from rest. ‘The graph has three parts AB, BC and CD. ‘ 2 2st TIME —= (i) State how is the distance travelled in any part determined from this graph (ii) Compare the distance travelled in part BC with the distance travelled in part AB. (il) Which part of graph shaws motion with uniform (a) velocity (b) acceleration (c) retardation? (iv) (@) Is the magnitude of acceleration higher or lower than that of retardation? Give a reason. (b) Compare the magnitude of acceleration and retardation. Answer () The distance travelled in any part of the graph can be obtained by finding the area enclosed by the graph in that part with the time axis. /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 695,514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat (i) Let E be the point on time axis (x axis) at time t and F be the point at time 2t When we observe the graph, we find, Distance travelled in part BC = Area of rectangle EBCF Distance travelled in part BC = length x breadth Xtxvg vn [2] ‘Comparing [1] and [2] we get, Distance travelled in part BC ; Distance travelled in part AB tv to a 2 1 Hence, Distance travelled in part BC : 1 istance travelled in part AB = 2 (il) The different parts of the graph are mentioned below: {@) Uniform velocity is shown in part BC of the graph, as the velocity is constant with time. (b) Uniform acceleration is shown in part AB of the graph, as the velocity is increasing with time. {¢) Uniform retardation is shown in part GD of the graph, as the velocity is decreasing with time. {(v) (@) The magnitude of acceleration is lower, as slope of line AB is less than that of line CD. (b) Acceleration in part AB = slope of AB Slope of line AB = 2 = = Slope of line AB = Retardation in part CD = slope of CD /ntps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 6495514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Slope of line CD = 29 “peonme Te e% o5e = Slope of line AB = Magnitude of acceleration : Magnitude of retardation = Slope of line AB : Slope of line CD Hence, Magnitude of acceleration : Magnitude of retardatior 22 Question 10 ‘The velocity-time graph of a moving body is given below in figure 40 a : VELOCITY (ms~') wl a \ ° D A 2 4 6 8 10 TIME (s) —> Find — {) The acceleration in parts AB, BC and CD. (i) Displacement in each part AB, BC, CD, and (ii) Total displacement, Answer Let E be the point at t= 4 and F be the point at t= 8 as labelled in the graph below: /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 65195514124, 0:48 PM chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Seina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 40 | x0 c VELOCITY (ms~*) 20] 10} \ 5 irene merce TIME (s) —> (i) Acceleration in part AB = slope of AB (30 4 slope of AB = 1 slope of AB — 308 4s slope of AB = 7.5ms~* Hence, Acceleration in part AB = 7.5m s® Accel tion in part BC = slope of BC D 10 We observe from the graph that there is no change in velocity in part 4 8C. Hence, Acceleration in part BC = 0 ms" Acceleration in part CD = slope of CD (0 - 30)mms™! Jope of CD = (0 — 80)ms slope of ob = Cr =30ms~! slope of CD — slope of CD = ~15ms"? 415ms7 Hence, Acceleration in part Cl {i Displacement in each partis as follows — {a) Displacement of part AB = Area of triangle ABE, 1 5 x base x height 2 el ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, 5 (4-0)s x (80—O)ms 1 = 5 x ds x 30m 5! = 30m /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 66195,514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Hence, Displacement of part AB 0m (b) Displacement of part BC = Area of Square EBCF length x breadth ‘Substituting the values inthe formula above, we get, (8—4)s x (30 —0)m st 4x 30m 120m, Hence, Displacement of part BC = 120 m (c) Displacement of part CD = Area of triangle CDF 1 = 5 x base x height 5 % base x heigl ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, ; x (10 — 8)s x (30-0)ms"t = 230m 30m se Displacement of part CD = 30 m (ili) Total displacement = Displacement of part AB + Displacement of part BC + Displacement of part CD Hence, total displacement = 210 m Question 14 Aball moves on a smooth floor in a straight line with a uniform velocity 10 ms“ for 6 s. Att back along the same line to the starting point with same speed. Draw 5, the ball hits a wall and comes the velocity-time graph and use it to find the total distance travelled by the ball and its displacement. Answer ‘The velocity-time graph for the motion of ball on a smooth floor in a straight line is shown below: /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 67195,514124, 0:48 PM chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat y 10 5 TIME (5) —> VELOCITY (ms"') 0 T2a4so\re swine Total distance travelle: distance travelled in the first 6 s + distance travelled in next 6 s. As we know, Distance = velocity x time ‘Substituting the values in the formula above we get, Distance when the ball moves towards the wall = 10 ms"! x6s jomstx6 Distance when the ball moves away from the wal 60m Total distance 0m +60 m= 120m Displacement = distance travelled in the forward direction - distance travelled while coming back 30 m - 60 m + Displacement 0 as the ball comes back to the initial place. Question 12 Figure shows the velocity-time graph of a particle moving in a straight line. VELOCITY (m s~!) are ree aes eee aeaec BE) ‘TIME (5) —= () State the nature of motion of particle. (i) Find the displacement of particle at t= 6 s. /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimensionChapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat {ii) Does the particle change its direction of motion? {iv) Compare the distance travelled by the particle from 0 to 4 s and from 4 sto6s, {v) Find the acceleration from 0 to 4 s and retardation from 4 s to 6 s, Answer {)) As we observe the graph, we find that, the nature of motion of particle is that, the particles are uniformly accelerated from 0 to 4s and then uniformly retarded from 4s to 6s. (i) As we know, displacement of particles can be obtained by finding the area enclosed by the graph in that part with the time axis up to that instance. Att Displacement = area of triangle 1 , = 5 X base x height ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, 1 5% (6 0)s x (2 0)ms 1x 6x 2m 2 6m Hence, Displacement of particle at t= 6 s is 6 m (il) No, the particle does not change its ction of motion. (iv)Att=0t04s, Distance covered = area of triangle 1 i 3 * base x height ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, =} x (4-0)s% (2-0)ms 1 1 x ds x 2mst = 4m Hence, Distance covered between 0 to 4s /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 95514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Alt=4st06s, Distance covered = area of triangle 1 js = 5 x base x height ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, 1 1 5% (6—4)s x (2—0)ms 5x 25x 2ns 1 Hence, Distance covered between 4s to 6s = 2m Distance covered between 0 to 4 s : Distance covered between Asto6s=4:2=2:1 (v) Acceleration in part 0's to 4 s = slope of graph (2=0)ms“! slope = GF a slope slope = 0.5ms~? Hence, Acceleration in part 0s to 4s ‘As we know, Retardation in part 4 s to 6 s = slope of graph (0-2)ms™! 6-45 slope = Qn 28 slope — slope = —Ims~ ‘Acceleration = -1 ms"? and as we know retardation is negative acceleration Hence, Retardation in part 4s to.6s=1ms*? Exercise 2(C) — Multiple Choice Type Question 1 The correct equation of motion is — Lveusat 1 2.S=ut+ oat ult sal /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat 3.v2=u2+2a8, 4. All of these. Answer All of these Reason — For motion of a body moving with a uniform acceleration, the following three equations give the relationship between intial velocity (u), final velocity (v), acceleration (a), time of journey (t) and distance travelled (S) tveusat 1 2.S=utt oat z 3.v2=u2+2a8 Question 2 When a body starts from rest, the equation of motion takes the form: tveu Ry 1 4.S=ut+ sat 2 Answer veat Reason — When a body starts from rest, initial velocity is zero (u 0), then v= at ‘Question 3 Ia body is moving with a uniform retardation, then its acceleration will be: 1. Positive 2. Negative 3, Zer0 4, Cannot say Answer Negative Reason — When a body is moving with uniform retardation, then a will be negative. Question 4 /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 71195514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Acar acquires a velocity of 54 ms" in 20 s starting from rest, then its acceleration is: 27 ms Reason — Given, u=0 v=54ms7 t=20s ae Using, v= u + at or 7 ms? Hence, acceleration 7 ms Question 5 A particle starts to move in a straight line from a point with a velocity 10 ms“" and acceleration -2.0 ms’. Its position at t will be 1.5m 2.10m 3.20m 4.25m Answer 25m Reason — Given, 1 Using, $= ut+ Sat? 8 2 1 10x 5) + 5 x (2) x5 = [50 -25] = 25 m /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 72105514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Hence, its position at t= 5 s willbe 25 m Question 6 A body intially at rest, starts moving with a constant acceleration of 0.5 ms and travels a distance 25 m, then its final velocity is: 1.5ms7 2.20ms" 3.15 ms" 4,15 ms" Answer Sms" Reason — Given, u=0 0+ [2x 0.5 x 25]= 25 Henoe, v= 5 ms"? ‘Question 7 Abody starts from rest with a uniform acceleration of 8 ms, then the distance covered by the body in 2 s is: 1.4m 2.16m 3.20m 4,32m Answer 16m Reason — Given, u=0 a=8ms? t=2s s 1 Using, S=ul+ sat? intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comleamiclass-#icse-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat s (0x2)+ 2 xex2=16 x2)+ 5 x8x2?= 16m 2 Hence, the distance covered by the body is 16 m Question 8 Acar starting from rest accelerates uniformly to acquire a speed 20 km hin 30 min. The distance travelled by car in this time interval will be — 4.600 km 2.5km 3.8km 4.10 km Answer Skm Reason — ‘As we know, veutat v=20 kmh? t=20min= 2h - 2 ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, a= 40 kmh? Now, 1 Seutt sat? 2 ‘Substituting the values in the formula above we get, 8 = (00.5) +[} «49x (4)'] s +(Fx40x 4) >$=5km Hence, distance = 5 km Exercise 2(C) — Very Short Answer Type /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Question 1 Write three equations of uniformly accelerated motion relating the initia! velocity (u), final velocity (v), time (1), acceleration (a) and displacement (S), Answer ‘The equations of uniformly accelerated motion relating to the initial velocity (u), final velocity (v), time (t), acceleration (a) and displacement (S) are as follows — oy tat (sewer pat (ii) v2 = u2 + 2a8, Question 2 Write an expression for the distance S covered in time t by a body Which is initially at rest and starts moving with a constant acceleration a Answer According to equation of motion — s 1 t+ 5 at? 2 Where, Ss stance covered = intial velocity = acceleration t=time As, body is at rest, so u=0 Hence, we get, S=(0xt)4 (Ga) S=0+ (Jat) 1 > 5 =sat? 2 Hence, we get, 1 Ses at a Exercise 2(C) — Long Answer Type /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Question 1 Derive the following equations for a uniformly accelerated motion — Wveutat (seme pat where the symbols have their usual meanings. Answer () By definition, change in velocity time taken final velocity - Acceleratioy nitial velocit; = Acceleration v time taken’ Hence, at = => vsutat Hence, we get, veutat [E91] (i) By definition, Distance travelled — Avg. Velocity x time Initial Vel. + Final Vel. Distance travelled = ( + ) x time “CE = CG) as _ Ay a) xt 1 > S=utt 5at* Hence, we get, 1 sut+ 2 at? S=ut /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat (ii) By definition, Distance travelled = Avg. Velocity x time =s=(")xt But, from Eq. 1, v=u+at ort Therefore, vow >s=7 > 228 Hence, v2=u2+2a8 Exercise 2(C) — Numericals Question 1 Abbody starts from rest with a uniform acceleration of 2m s*. Find the distance covered by the body in 2 s, Answer Acoording to equation of motion — 1 S=utt = at? 2 Where, distance covered = S Initial velocity u = 0 acceleration a timo t=28 Substituting the values inthe formula for u = 0, we get, $=(0x2)4 pxexe S=(0)4 Gx2x4 $=(0) + (4) = S=4m Hence, distance covered /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 77196514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat Question 2 A body starts with an intial velocity of 10 m s“* and acceleration § m 2, Find the distance covered by it in Ss Answer According to equation of motion — s 1 t+ at? 2 Where, distance covered = S Initial velocity u= 10 ms acceleration a time t ‘Substituting the values inthe formula, we get, 1 2 S= (10x 5) + (5 x5 x 54) $= (50) 5x5 25) 5 = (60) + (2.5 x 25) S= 50+ 62.5 >s 112.5m Hence, distance covered = 112.5 m. Question 3 A vehicle is accelerating on a straight road. Its velocity at any instant is 80 km rt, after 2 s, itis 33.6 km ht and after further 2 s, itis 37.2 km fr, Find the acceleration of vehicle in ms. Is the acceleration uniform 2 Answer ‘As we know, After u=30kmh* + Converting km hr to m s” We get, /ntps:twwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-elina/solutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension514124, 0:48 PM Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension | Selina Solutions Concise Physics Class 9 ICSE | KnowledgeBoat “1 _30kan 30x 1000m S0km b= Th = 60x 60s 1: _ 30 10m 30km ho? = 80% 10m > 80k Ox Os = 30km ht = 838% 5 Hence, 30 km ht is equal to 8.33 ms, Now, v= 33.6 kmh" Converting km hr to m st We get, 33.6km _ 33.6 x 1000: ih 60 x 605 33.6 x 10m 33.6km ho} = Hence, 33.6 km ht is equal to 9.33 ms“, ‘Substituting the values in the formula above, we get, 9.33 ~ 8.33 2 1 2 = a=0.5ms? Hence, acceleration in the first 2s = 0.5ms 2 For the next2s, Converting km hr to m st We got, ppt 87-2kan _ 37.2 x 1000m 872k = TE 60 x 605 = 37.2ian ht = 322 10m Ox Os > 97.2kmn ht = 188 Xm 5 Hence, 37.2 km ht is equal to 10,33 ms", intps:wwwknowledgeboat.comeamiclass-#iese-concise-physics-selina/sokutons/XIWZeimotion-one-dimension 73195