Chapter 9: Linear Equations in One Variable

Page number: 139

Exercise 9A

Question 1:
Solution:
Let us assume the number to be x in all cases.
(i) 5x = 40
(ii) x + 8 = 15
(iii) 25 - x = 7
(iv) x - 5 = 3
(v) 3x - 5 =16
(vi) x - 12 = 24
(vil) 19 - 2x = 11
x
(viii) 7
8
(ix) 4x - 3 =17
(x) 6x = x + 5

Question 2:
Solution:
(i) 7 less from the number x is 14.
(ii) Twice the number y is 18.
(iii) 11 added to thrice the number x is 17.
(iv) 3 less from twice the number x is 13.
(v) 12 times the number y decreased by 30 is 6.
(vi) Twice the number z divided by 3 is 8.

Question 3:
Solution:

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(i) Substitute the value of x = 4 in the equation 3x - 5 = 7, we get
LHS = (3 * 4) – 5 = 12 – 5 = 7 = RHS. Hence x = 4 is the root of 3x - 5 = 7.

(ii) Substitute the value of x = 3 in 3 + 2x = 9,

LHS = 3 + (2 * 3) = 3 + 6 = 9 = RHS. Hence x = 3 is the root of 3 + 2x = 9.

(iii) Substitute the value of x = 2 in 5x - 8 = 2x – 2,

LHS = (5 * 2) - 8 = 10 - 8 = 2.
RHS = (2 * 2) – 2 = 4 – 2 = 2.
Since LHS = RHS, x = 2 is the root of 5x - 8 = 2x – 2.

(iv) Substitute y = 1 in 8 - 7y = 1, we get

LHS = 8 – (7 * 1) = 8 -7 = 1
RHS = 1.
Since LHS = RHS, y = 1 is the root of 8 - 7y = 1

z
(v) Substitute z = 56 in 8
7
z
LHS = 56 / 7 = 8 = RHS. Hence z = 56 is the root of 8
7

Question 4:
Solution:
4.
(i) We try several values for y and find the values of LHS and RHS. We stop when for a
particular value of y, LHS = RHS.
y LHS RHS
2 2 + 9 =11 13
4 4 + 9 = 13 13

So, y = 4

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(ii) We try several values for x and find the values of LHS and RHS. We stop when for a
particular value of x, LHS = RHS.
x LHS RHS
16 16 – 7 = 10 10
17 17 – 7 = 10 10

So, x = 17
(iii) We try several values for x and find the values of LHS and RHS. We stop when for a
particular value of x, LHS = RHS.
x LHS RHS
5 4 * 5 = 20 28
6 4 * 6 = 24 28
7 4 * 7 = 28 28

So, x = 7
(iv) We try several values for y and find the values of LHS and RHS. We stop when for a
particular value of y, LHS = RHS.
y LHS RHS
11 3 * 11 =33 36
12 3 * 12 = 36 36

So, y = 12
(v) We try several values for x and find the values of LHS and RHS. We stop when for a
particular value of x, LHS = RHS.
x LHS RHS
7 11 + 7 = 18 19
8 11 + 8 = 19 19

So, x = 8
(vi) We try several values for x and find the values of LHS and RHS. We stop when for a
particular value of x, LHS = RHS.

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 x LHS RHS
6 6/3=2 4
9 9/3=3 4
12 12 / 3 = 4 4

So, x = 12
(vii) We try several values for x and find the values of LHS and RHS. We stop when for a
particular value of x, LHS = RHS.
x LHS RHS
5 (2 * 5) – 3 = 7 9
6 (2 * 6) – 3 = 9 9

So, x = 6
(viii) We try several values for x and find the values of LHS and RHS. We stop when for a
particular value of x, LHS = RHS.
x LHS RHS
6 1 11
(6)  7  3  7  10
2
8 1 11
(8)  7  4  7  11
2

So, x = 8
(ix) We try several values for y and find the values of LHS and RHS. We stop when for a
particular value of y, LHS = RHS.
y LHS RHS
3 (2 * 3) + 4 = 10 3*3=9
4 (2 * 4) + 4 = 12 3 * 4 = 12

So, y = 4
(x) We try several values for z and find the values of LHS and RHS. We stop when for a
particular value of z, LHS = RHS.

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 z LHS RHS
1 1 – 3 = -2 (2 * 1) – 5 = 2 – 5 = -3
2 2 – 3 = -1 (2 * 2) – 5 = 4 -5 = -1

So, z = 2

EXERCISE 9B
Page number: 143

Question 1:
Solution:
Given x + 5 = 12
So, x = 12 – 5 = 7.
CHECK: Substituting x = 7 in x + 5 = 12, we get LHS = 7 + 5 = 12 = RHS.
Hence x = 7 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 2:
Solution:
Given x + 3 = -2
So, x = -2 –3 = -5.
CHECK: Substituting x = -5 in x + 3 =-2, we get LHS = -5 + 3 = -2 = RHS.
Hence x = -5 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 3:
Solution:
Given x – 7 = 6
So, x = 6 + 7 = 13.
CHECK: Substituting x = 13 in x - 7 = 6, we get LHS = 13 – 7 = 6 = RHS.
Hence x = 13 is the solution of the given equation.

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Question 4:
Solution:
Given x - 2 = -5
So, x = -5 + 2 = -3.
CHECK: Substituting x = -3 in x - 2 =-5, we get LHS = - 3 – 2 = -5 = RHS.
Hence x = -3 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 5:
Solution:
Given 3x - 5 = 13
So, 3x = 13 + 5 = 18. So, x = 18 / 3 = 6.
CHECK: Substituting x = 6 in 3x - 5 = 13, we get LHS = (3 * 6) – 5 = 18 – 5 = 13 = RHS.
Hence x = 6 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 6:
Solution:
Given 4x + 7 = 15
So, 4x = 15 - 7 = 8. So, x = 2
CHECK: Substituting x = 2 in 4x + 7 = 15, we get LHS = (4 * 2) + 7 = 8 + 7 = 15 = RHS.
Hence x = 2 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 7:
Solution:
x
Given  12
5
So, x = 5 * 12 = 60.
x
CHECK: Substituting x = 60 in  12 , we get LHS = 60 / 5 = 12 = RHS.
5
Hence x = 60 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 8:

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Solution:
3x
Given = 15
5
So, 3x = 15 * 5 = 75.
So, x = 75 / 3 = 25
3x
CHECK: Substituting x = 25 in = 15, we get LHS = (3 * 25) / 5 = 75 / 5 = 15 = RHS.
5
Hence x = 25 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 9:
Solution:
Given 5x – 3 = x +17
So, 5x – x = 4x = 17 + 3 = 20.
So, x = 20 / 4 = 5.
CHECK: Substituting x = 5 in 5x – 3 = x + 17, we get LHS = (5 * 5) – 3 = 22.
RHS = x + 17 = 5 + 17 = 22.
Hence x = 5 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 10:
Solution:
1
Given 2 x  3
2
So, 2x = 7/2. So, x = 7 / 4
7 1 7 1 7 6
CHECK: Substituting x = in 2 x   3 , we get LHS = (2 * ) - =  = 3 = RHS.
4 2 4 2 2 2
7
Hence x = is the solution of the given equation.
4

Question 11:
Solution:
Given 3(x + 6) = 24
So,(x + 6) = 24 / 3 = 8. So, x = 8 – 6 =2

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CHECK: Substituting x = 2 in 3(x + 6) = 24, we get LHS = 3 (2 + 6) = 3 * 8 = 24 = RHS.
Hence x = 2 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 12:
Solution:
Given 6x + 5 = 2x +17
So, 6x – 2x = 4x =17 – 5 = 12. So, x = 12/4 = 3
CHECK: Substituting x = 3 in 6x + 5 = 2x +17, we get LHS = 18 + 5 = 23.
RHS = 6 + 17 = 23. So, LHS = RHS.
Hence x = 3 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 13:
Solution:
x
Given -8=1
4
x
So, = 1 + 8 = 9. So, x = 36.
4
x
CHECK: Substituting x = 36 in - 8 = 1, we get LHS = (36 / 4) – 8 = 9 – 8 = 1 = RHS.
4
Hence x = 36 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 14:
Solution:
x x
Given  1
2 3
x x x
So,   1   1  x  6
2 3 6
x x 6
CHECK: Substituting x = 6 in   1 , we get LHS =  3
2 3 2
6
RHS = 1  2 1  3 .
3
Hence x = 6 is the solution of the given equation.

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Question 15:
Solution:
Given 3(x + 2) - 2(x - 1) = 7
So, 3x + 6 - 2x + 2 =7 => x = 7 – 8 = -1 .
CHECK: Substituting x = -1 in 3(x + 2) - 2(x - 1) = 7, we get LHS = 3(-1 + 2) - 2(-1 - 1) = 3 – 2
(-2) = 3 + 4 = 7 = RHS.
Hence x = -1 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 16:
Solution:
Given 5(x - 1) + 2(x + 3) + 6 = 0
So, 5x - 5 + 2x + 6 + 6 = 0 => 7x = -7 => x = -1
CHECK: Substituting x = -1 in 5(x - 1) + 2(x + 3) + 6 = 0, we get LHS = 5(-1 - 1) + 2(-1 + 3) + 6
= 5 (-2) + 2 (2) + 6 = 0 = RHS.
Hence x = -1 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 17:
Solution:
Given 6(1 – 4x) + 7(2 + 5x) = 53
So, 6 – 24x + 14 + 35x = 53 => 20 + 11x = 53 => 11x = 33 => x = 3.
CHECK: Substituting x = 3 in 6(1 – 4x) + 7(2 + 5x) = 53, we get LHS = 6(1 – 12) + 7(2 + 15) =
-66 + 119 = 53 = RHS.
Hence x = 3 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 18:
Solution:
Given 16(3x – 5) – 10(4x – 8) = 40
So, 48x – 80 – 40x + 80 = 40 => x = 5
CHECK: Substituting x = 5 in 16(3x – 5) – 10(4x – 8) = 40, we get LHS = 16(15 – 5) – 10(20 –
8) = 160 – 120 = 40 = RHS.

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Hence x = 5 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 19:
Solution:
Given 3(x + 6) + 2(x + 3) = 64
So, 3x + 18 + 2x + 6 = 64 => 5x + 24 = 64 => 5x = 40 => x = 8
CHECK: Substituting x = 8 in 3(x + 6) + 2(x + 3) = 64 we get LHS = 3(8 + 6) + 2(8 + 3) = 42 +
22 = 64 = RHS.
Hence x = 8 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 20:
Solution:
Given 3(2 - 5x) – 2(1 - 6x) = 1
So, 6 - 15x – 2 + 12x = 1 => -3x = 1 – 4 = -3 => x = 1.
CHECK: Substituting x = 1 in 3(2 - 5x) – 2(1 - 6x) = 1, we get LHS = 3(2 - 5) – 2(1 - 6) = -9 +10
= 1 = RHS.
Hence x = 1 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 21:
Solution:
n n 1
Given 5  
4 6 2
n n n 1 11 11
So,     5   n  12  66
4 6 12 2 2 2
n n 1
CHECK: Substituting n = 66 in  5   , we get LHS =
4 6 2
66 66 1 33 23 1 23
5     5   11   = RHS.
4 6 2 2 2 2 2
Hence n = 66 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 22:
Solution:

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 2m m
Given  8  1
3 2
2m m m
So   1  8   9  m  54 .
3 2 6
2m m
CHECK: Substituting m = -54 in  8   1 , we get
3 2
2(54)
LHS =  8  (2  18)  8  36  8  28
3
54
RHS =   1  27  1  28
2
Hence m = -54 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 23:
Solution:
2x 3 x
Given   1
5 2 2
2x x 3 x 1
So,   1     x  5
5 2 2 10 2
2x 3 x 10 3 5 3 7 7
CHECK: Substituting x = 5 in    1 , we get LHS =    1  2    =
5 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 2
RHS.
Hence x = 5 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 24:
Solution:
x 3 2x
Given 2
5 5
( x  3)  10 2 x
So   ( x  3)  10  2 x  x  13
5 5
x 3 2x 13  3 26
CHECK: Substituting x = -13 in 2 we get LHS = 2
5 5 5 5
26
RHS = .
5

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Hence x = -13 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 25:
Solution:
3x
Given  4  14
10
3x
So,  18  x  60
10
3x 3  60
CHECK: Substituting x = 60 in  4  14 , we get LHS =  4  18  4  14 = RHS.
10 10
Hence x = 60 is the solution of the given equation.

Question 26:
Solution:
3
Given ( x  1)  x  3
4
3 3 3 3 x 9
So, x   x  3  x  x  3     x  9
4 4 4 4 4 4
3 3
CHECK: Substituting x = 9 in ( x  1)  x  3 , we get LHS = (9  1)  6
4 4
RHS = 9  3  6 . So, LHS = RHS.
Hence x = 9 is the solution of the given equation.

EXERCISE 9C
Page number: 144

Question 1:
Solution:
Given 9 + x = 36. So, x = 36 – 9 = 27.
The number is 27.

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Question 2:
Solution:
Given 4x – 11 = 89 => 4x = 100 => x = 25.
The number is 25.

Question 3:
Solution:
5x = 80 => x = 80 / 5 = 16.
The number is 16.

Question 4:
Solution:
Given x + x + 1 + x + 2 = 114 => 3x + 3 = 114 => 3x = 111 => x = 37.
The numbers are hence, 37, 38 and 39.

Question 5:
Solution:
17x + 4 = 225. So, 17x = 221 => x = 221 / 17 = 13.
The number is 13.

Question 6:
Solution:
3x + 5 = 50 => 3x = 45 => x = 15.
The number is 15.

Question 7:
Solution:
Given x – y = 18 and x + y = 92.
So, 2x = 110 => x = 55 and y = 37.
The two numbers are 37 and 55.

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Question 8:
Solution:
x + 3x = 124 => 4x = 124 => x = 31.
The numbers are 31 and (31 * 3) = 93.

Question 9:
Solution:
5x – x = 132. So, 4x = 132 => x = 33.
The two numbers are 33 and (33 * 5) = 165.

Question 10:
Solution:
x + (x + 2) = 74 => 2x + 2 = 74 => 2x = 72 => x = 36.
The numbers are 36 and 38.

Question 11:
Solution:
Let us assume that the three numbers are x, x+2, x+4. So, 3x + 6 = 21 => 3x = 15 = x = 5.
The three numbers are 5, 7 and 9.

Question 12:
Solution:
Let Reena’s age be x and so, her brother’s age is x – 6.
The sum of their ages is x + x – 6 = 28 => 2x = 34 => x = 17.
The age of Reena is 17 and Ajay’s age is 11.

Question 13:
Solution:
Let Vikas’ age be x. So, Deepak’s age is 2x.
Given 2x – x = 11 => x = 11.
So, Vikas’ age is 11 and Deepak’s age is 22.

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Question 14:
Solution:
Let the age of Rekha be x and so, Mrs. Goel’s age will be x + 27.
After 8 years, their ages will respectively be x + 8 and x + 35. Given x + 35 = 2 (x + 8) => 2x – x
= 35 – 16 = 19. So, Rekha’s present age is 19 and Mrs. Goel’s age is 46.

Question 15:
Solution:
Let the son’s age be x and the man’s age will be 4x. After 16 years, 4(x + 16) =2(x + 16) => x =
8.
So, the man’s present age is 32 and the son’s age is 8.

Question 16:
Solution:
Let the son’s age be x and the man’s age be 3x. Five years ago, 3x - 5 = 4 (x-5) => x = 15.
So the man’s present age is 45 and the son’s age is 15.

Question 17:
Solution:
Let her present age be x. After 16 years, x + 16 = 3x => x = 8.
Her present age is 8.

Question 18:
Solution:
Let Rahim’s age be x now. Given, x+32 = 5 (x - 8) => 5x – 40 = x + 32 => 4x = 72 => x = 18.
Rahim’s age today is 18.

Question 19:
Solution:
Assume 25 paisa is represented as 1 / 4 and 50 paisa is represented as 1 / 2.

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 4x x 6x
Given   30. So,  30  x  20
4 2 4
So there are 20 50-paisa coins and 80 25-paisa coins.

Question 20:
Solution:
Let the price of the pen be x. Given
5x = 3x + 17 => 2x = 17 => x = 8.5
The price of the pen is Rs. 8.50.

Question 21:
Solution:
Let x be the number of girls and y be the number of boys. So, x + 334 = y
Given x + y = 572. So, x + (x + 334) = 572 => 2x = 572 – 334 = 238. So, x = 119
The number of girls in the school is 119.

Question 22:
Solution:
Let x be the breadth of the park. Then the length is 3x.
The perimeter of the rectangular park is calculated as 2 (length + breadth) = 2 (x + 3x) = 8x =
168.
So, x = 21. The breadth of the park is hence 21m and the length of the park is 63m.

Question 23:
Solution:
Let x be the breadth of the hall. Then the length is 5+x.
The perimeter of the rectangular hall is calculated as 2 (length + breadth) = 2 (x + 5+x) = 4x + 10
= 74.
So, 4x = 64 => x = 16. The length of the hall is hence 21m and the breadth of the hall is 16m.

Question 24:

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Solution:
Let x be the breadth of the rectangle and length = x + 7.
The length of the wire covers the perimeter and is given by 2(x + x + 7) = 86. So, 2x = 43 – 7 =
36 => x = 18.
So, the length and breadth of the rectangle so formed are 25m and 18 m respectively.

TEST PAPER-9
Page number: 146

A.
Question 1:
Solution:
In x hours, the man will earn Rs. 25x.

Question 2:
Solution:
The cost of x pens = 16x.
The cost of y pencils = 5y.
The total cost of x pens and y pencils = Rs. (16x + 5y).

Question 3:
Solution:
Saving per day = earning per day – spend per day = x – y.
So saving in 30 days = Rs. 30 (x - y)

Question 4:
Solution:
3x + 8 = 20. So, 3x = 20 – 8 = 12 => x = 4. The number is hence 4.

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Question 5:
Solution:
Given x = 1, y = 2 and z = 3, so
x 2  y 2  2 xyz  1  4  12  17

Question 6:
Solution:
Given 4x + 9 = 17 => 4x = 17 – 9 = 8 => x = 2.

Question 7:
Solution:
3(x + 2) – 2(x - 1) = 7 => 3x + 6 – 2x + 2 = 7 => x = 7 – 8 = -1. So, x = -1

Question 8:
Solution:
2x x 5 4 x  5x 5
      x  25.
5 2 2 10 2
So, x = -25.

Question 9:
Solution:
Let x be the number. So, x + x + 1 + x + 2 = 51 => 3x = 51 – 3 = 48 => x = 16.
So the three natural numbers are 16, 17 and 18.

Question 10:
Solution:
Let Seema’s present age by x.
(x + 16) = 3x => 2x = 16 => x = 8.
The present age is 8.

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B.
Question 11:
Solution:
(c) 1 exceeds 2x – 3y – 4 by 1- (2x - 3y – 4) = 5 - 2x + 3y.

Question 12:
Solution:
(b) The answer is calculated by subtracting 5 x3  2 x 2  6 x  7 from x 3  3 x 2  x  1

So, x  3x  x  1  (5 x  2 x  6 x  7)  4 x  5 x  7 x  6
3 2 3 2 3 2

Question 13:
Solution:
(a) 2x – [3y - {2x – (y – x)}] = 2x – [3y - {2x – y + x)}] = 2x – [3y - 3x + y}] = 2x – 3y + 3x – y
= 5x – 4y.

Question 14:
Solution:
(c )-5yz is the coefficient of x in -5 xyz.

Question 15:
Solution:
1
(c) (x + y + z) is a trinomial.
3

Question 16:
Solution:
x
(b) Given 1
5
So, x = 5

Question 17:

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Solution:
(c) Given x = 1, y = 2 and z = 3, so

x 2

 y 2  z 2  1  4  9  14

Question 18:
Solution:
1 1
(c ) x +5 = 8 => x = 8 – 5 = 3 => x = 9
3 3

Question C. 19:
Solution:
(i) An expression having one term is called a monomial.
(ii) An expression having two terms is called a binomial.
(iii) An expression having three terms is called a trinomial.
(iv) 3x - 5 = 7 - x => x = 3 (since, 3x - 5 = 7 – x => 4x = 12 => x = 3)
(v) b 2
 a2    
 a 2 – b2 = 2b 2  2a 2 (since b2  a 2   a 2 + b2  2b2  2a 2 )

Question D. 20:
Solution:
(i) 3xy 2 z is a monomial. – T ( 3xy 2 z is a monomial)
2 2 4 19
(ii) x  is a solution of 2x + 5 = 8. – F (substituting x  in 2x + 5 = 8 we get  5 
3 3 3 3
which is not equal to 8.)
(iii) 2x + 3 = 5 is a linear equation. – T (it is a linear equation)
(iv) The coefficient of x in 5xy is 5. – F (the coefficient is 5y).
(v) 8 - x = 5 => x = 3. – T (as x = 8 – 5 = 3)

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