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Chapter 6
Systems of Linear Equations
Homework 6.1 Check (2, 5) :
4x  5 y  17 3 x  2 y  16
2. To be a solution of the system, an ordered pair
must satisfy both equations in the system. 4  2   5  5  ⱨ 17 3  2   2  5  ⱨ 16
Check (3, 5) : 17 ⱨ 17 16 ⱨ 16
y  x  4 y  3 x  2 true true
5 ⱨ   3  4 5 ⱨ 3  3  2 Since the ordered pair  2, 5  satisfies both
5 ⱨ 1 false 5 ⱨ 11 false equations, it is a solution of the system.
Since the ordered pair  3,5  did not satisfy
6. y  4 x  2
both equations, it is not a solution of the
y  2 x  4
system.
Check (7, 3) : To begin, we graph both equations in the same
coordinate system.
y  x  4 y  3 x  2 y
3 ⱨ   7   4 3 ⱨ 3  7   2 5
y  4x  2
3 ⱨ 3 true 3 ⱨ 23 false
(1, 2)
Since the ordered pair  7,3 did not satisfy
both equations, it is not a solution of the x
 5
system.
Check (3, 7) : y  2 x  4
5
y  x  4 y  3 x  2
7 ⱨ   3  4 7 ⱨ 3  3  2 The intersection point is 1, 2  . So, the
7 ⱨ 7 true 7 ⱨ 7 true solution is the ordered pair 1, 2  .
Since the ordered pair  3, 7  satisfies both
equations, it is a solution of the system. 2
8. y   x  4
3
4. To be a solution of the system, an ordered pair 5
must satisfy both equations in the system. y  x3
3
Check (3  1) :
To begin, we graph both equations in the same
4x  5 y  17 3x  2 y  16 coordinate system.
4  3  5  1 ⱨ 17 3  3  2  1 ⱨ 16 y
5
17 ⱨ 17 7 ⱨ 16 5 y x 3
2 3
y  x4
true false 3 (3, 2)
Since the ordered pair  3, 1 did not satisfy
x
both equations, it is not a solution of the  5
system.
Check (4, 2) : 5
4x  5 y  17 3x  2 y  16
The intersection point is  3, 2  . So, the
4  4   5  2  ⱨ 17 3  4   2  2  ⱨ 16
6 ⱨ 17 16 ⱨ 16 solution is the ordered pair  3, 2  .
false true
Since the ordered pair  4, 2  did not satisfy
both equations, it is not a solution of the
system.
Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 6: Systems of Linear Equations 163
10. y  x y 5 x  3 y  9
y  x 5
To begin, we graph both equations in the same 3y  2x
coordinate system.
y x
 5
5 (3, 2)
y x
5
(0, 0)
 5
x The intersection point is  3, 2  . So, the
solution is the ordered pair  3, 2  .
5 y x
16. x  2 y  4
The intersection point is  0, 0  . So, the 3 x  2 y  4
solution is the ordered pair  0, 0  . To begin, we rewrite each equation in
slope–intercept form.
12. 4 x  y  9 x  2 y  4 3x  2 y  4
2 x  y  3 1 3
y   x2 y  x2
To begin, we rewrite each equation in 2 2
slope–intercept form. Next, we graph both equations in the same
4 x  y  9 2 x  y  3 coordinate system.
y  4x  9 y  2 x  3 y
Next, we graph both equations in the same 5 3 x  2 y  4

coordinate system.
y (2, 1)
4 x  y  9 x
5  5
x  2 y  4
( 2, 1) 5
x
 5
The intersection point is  2, 1 . So, the
5 2 x  y  3 solution is the ordered pair  2, 1 .
The intersection point is  2,1 . So, the 18. 6 y  10 x  18

solution is the ordered pair  2,1 . 3y  x  9
To begin, we rewrite each equation in
14. 3 y  2 x slope–intercept form.
5 x  3 y  9 6 y  10 x  18 3y  x  9
To begin, we rewrite each equation in 5 1
y   x 3 y  x3
slope–intercept form. 3 3
3y  2x 5 x  3 y  9 Next, we graph both equations in the same
2 5 coordinate system.
y x y  x3 y
3 3
Next, we graph both equations in the same 5
coordinate system. (3, 2) 3y  x  9
x
 5
5 6 y  10 x  18

164 ISM: Elementary Algebra
The intersection point is  3, 2  . So, the 26. We use “intersect” to find the solution  3, 4  .
solution is the ordered pair  3, 2  .
20. x  0
y0
coordinate system. 28. We first write both equations in
y slope–intercept form.
5 2
y   x 5 7 y  3x  7
3
3
(0, 0) y0 y  x 1
x 7
 5
We use “intersect” to find the approximate
solution  5.48, 1.35  .
5
x0
The intersection point is  0, 0  . So, the

solution is the ordered pair  0, 0  .
22. y  x  2
30. We first write both equations in
1
x y slope–intercept form.
2 12 x  9 y  18  x  4 y  20
4 1
slope–intercept form. y   x2 y   x5
1 3 4
y  x2 x y We use “intersect” to find the approximate
2
solution  6.46, 6.62  .
y  2x
Next, we graph both equations in the same
coordinate system.
y 1
x y
5 2
y  x2
3
32. y  x 1
5
x 5

3x  5 y  5
( 2, 4)
5
We first write both equations in
3
The intersection point is  2, 4  . So, the y  x 1 3x  5 y  5
5
solution is the ordered pair  2, 4  . 3
y  x 1
5
24. We use “intersect” to find the approximate The two equations are equivalent, so the graph
solution  2.23, 3.51 . 3
of y  x  1 and the graph of 3 x  5 y  5
5
are the same line. The solution set of the
system is the infinite set of ordered pairs
3
represented by points on the line y  x  1 .
5
The system is dependent.

34. y  3x  2 38. n  16.98t  395.66

3x  2 y  2 n  29.87t  1369.89
y  3x  2 3x  2 y  2
3
y  x 1
2 The models predict that the number of daily
Next, we graph both equations in the same morning papers equaled the number of daily
coordinate system. evening papers (749 of each) in the year
y y  3x  2 1980  21  2001 .
5 3x  2 y  2 40. a. Using the regression feature of a graphing
calculator, we obtain the model
r  0.16t  54.17 .
x
 5
( 2, 4)
5
The intersection point is  2, 4  . So, the

solution is the ordered pair  2, 4  . b. Using the regression feature of a graphinc
calculator, we obtain the model
2 r  0.10t  45.48 .
36. y  x2
3
2x  3y  9
y  23 x  2 2x  3y  9
c. r  0.16t  54.17
y  23 x  3 r  0.10t  45.48
coordinate system.
y
5
2
y x2 The models predict that the women’s
3 2x  3 y  9
record time will equal the men’s record
x
 5 time (31.00 seconds) in the year
1900  145  2045 .
5
42. The solution of the system is the ordered pair
Since the distinct lines have equal slopes, the that corresponds to the intersection point of the
lines are parallel. Parallel lines do not graphs. The graphs appear to intersect at
intersect, so there are no ordered pairs that approximately (–1.8, 2.6), so (–1.8, 2.6) is the
satisfy both equations. The solution set is the approximate solution of the system.
empty set. The system is inconsistent.

44. First estimate the slope of the lines. 50. Answers may vary. Example:
Blue: y  2 x  10
The line appears to pass through the points 3x  5 y  22
 3,3 and  0,5 . The slope is
53 2 52. No. Answers may vary. Example:
m  . Two lines can intersect in at most one point, so
0   3 3
a system of linear equations can have at most
Red: one solution.
The line appears to pass through the points
 3, 3 and  0, 4  . The slope is 54. Answers may vary. Example:
An ordered pair solution of an equation in two
4   3 1 1
m   . variables is a point on the graph of the
0   3 3 3 equation. A solution of a system of linear
Next, use the slopes to find additional points equations in two variables is an ordered pair
on each line. that satisfies each equation in the system.
That is, an ordered pair that represents a point
Blue Red
that is on the graph of each equation in the
 6, 1  6,  2  system. Such an ordered pair is an intersection
 9, 1  9, 1 point of the graphs.
 12, 3  12, 0  56. a. Write the equations in slope–intercept
 15, 5   15, 1 form.
Since the point  9, 1 lies on both lines, the 3x  7 y  14
3
y  x2
7
ordered pair  9, 1 is the solution of the 3
y  x2
system. 7
The lines have the same slope and the
46. The input 2 leads to the output 11 for both same y-intercepts. Therefore, the lines are
equations. Therefore, the ordered pair  2,11 not parallel; they are the same line.
is the solution of the system.
b. Parallel lines do not cross so they do not
48. a. Answers may vary. Any point on the graph have an intersection point.
of y  4 x  5 except 1, 1 will work.
c. Since the lines have the same slope and the
same y-intercepts, there are an infinite
b. Answers may vary. Any point on the graph number of intersection points. Therefore,
of y  3 x  2 except 1, 1 will work. the system has an infinite number of
solutions. Any point on the graph of
c. Solve the system by graphing. 3
y  x  2 is a solution of the system.
y 7
5 y  4x  5
58. Answers may vary. Example:
2 x  y  6
x  x  3 y  2
 (1, 1) 5
5 y  3 x  2
60.  2 x  5    3x  5  2 x  5  3x  5
 2 x  3x  5  5
There is only one intersection point, so the  5 x  10
only ordered pair that satisfies both This is a linear expression in one variable.
equations is 1, 1 .
d. Answers may vary.

62. The equation y  3 x  5 is in slope–intercept 6. 4 x  3 y  13

form, so the slope is m  3 and the y  x4
y-intercept is  0, 5  . We first plot  0, 5  . Substitute x  4 for y in the first equation and
From this point we move 1 unit to the left and solve for x.
3 units up, plotting the point  1, 2  . We 4 x  3  x  4   13
then draw the line that connects the two points, 4 x  3x  12  13
extending in both directions. x  12  13
y  3x  5 y x 1
5 Substitute 1 for x in the equation y  x  4
and solve for y.
y  1  4  3
x
 5 The solution is 1, 3 .
(1, 2)
5 (0, 5) 8. 3x  2 y  9
x  1 2 y
This is a linear equation in two variables.
Substitute 1  2 y for x in the first equation and
Homework 6.2 solve for y.
3 1  2 y   2 y  9
2. y  4x
3  6 y  2 y  9
2 x  y  18
3  4 y  9
Substitute 4x for y in the second equation and
4 y  12
solve for x.
2 x   4 x   18 y3
Substitute 3 for y in the equation x  1  2 y
6 x  18
and solve for x.
x3
Substitute 3 for x in the equation y  4 x and x  1  2  3  1  6  5
solve for y. The solution is  5,3 .
y  4  3  12
10. 4 x  3 y  2  0
The solution is  3,12  .
y  1  3x
4. x  2 y  4 Substitute 1  3x for y in the first equation and
solve for x.
x  3y 1
4 x  3 1  3 x   2  0
Substitute 3 y  1 for x in the first equation and
4x  3  9x  2  0
solve for y.
 3 y  1  2 y  4 5 x  5  0
3y 1  2 y  4 5 x  5
5 y 1  4 x 1
Substitute 1 for x in the equation y  1  3 x
5y  5
and solve for y.
y 1
y  1  3 1  1  3  2
Substitute 1 for y in the equation x  3 y  1
The solution is 1, 2  .
and solve for x.
x  3 1  1  3  1  2
The solution is  2,1 .

12. x  2 y  5 5  x  1  2  x  2 
7 x  2 y  13  0 5x  5  2x  4
Substitute 2 y  5 for x in the second 3x  5  4
equation and solve for y. 3x  9
7  2 y  5   2 y  13  0
x3
14 y  35  2 y  13  0 Substitute 3 for x in the equation y  5  x  1
12 y  48  0 and solve for y.
12 y  48 y  5  3  1  5  2   10
y4 The solution  3,10  .
Substitute 4 for y in the equation x  2 y  5
and solve for x. 20. y  1.45 x  6.18
x  2  4   5  8  5  3 y  2.63 x  2.73
The solution is  3, 4  . Substitute 2.63 x  2.73 for y in the first
equation and solve for x.
14. y  4 x  2 2.63x  2.73  1.45 x  6.18
y  3 x  5 4.08 x  2.73  6.18
Substitute 3x  5 for y in the first equation 4.08 x  3.45
and solve for x. 3.45
3x  5  4 x  2 x  0.846
4.08
7 x  5  2 Substitute 0.846 for x in the equation
7 x  7 y  2.63 x  2.73 and solve for y.
x  1 y  2.63  0.846   2.73  4.955
Substitute 1 for x in the equation The approximate solution is  0.85, 4.96  .
y  3 x  5 and solve for y.
y  3  1  5  3  5  2 22. y  0.51x  2.64
The solution is  1, 2  . y  2.79 x  5.94
Substitute 2.79 x  5.94 for y in the first
16. y  x equation and solve for x.
y  x 2.79 x  5.94  0.51x  2.64
Substitute  x for y in the first equation and 2.28 x  5.94  2.64
solve for x. 2.28 x  8.58
x  x
8.58
2 x  0 x  3.763
2.28
x0 Substitute 3.763 for x in the equation
Substitute 0 for x in the equation y   x and y  2.79 x  5.94 and solve for y.
solve for y. y  2.79  3.763  5.94  4.559
y   0  0
The approximate solution is  3.76, 4.56  .
The solution is  0, 0  .
24. y  2.49 x  6.17
18. y  5  x  1 y  4.81x  3.45
y  2  x  2 Substitute 4.81x  3.45 for y in the first
Substitute 5  x  1 for y in the second equation and solve for x.

4.81x  3.45  2.49 x  6.17 30. 6 x  5 y  8

7.3 x  3.45  6.17 x  3 y  14
7.3 x  9.62 Solve the second equation for x.
9.62 x  3 y  14
x  1.318 x  3 y  14
7.3
Substitute 1.318 for x in the equation Substitute 3 y  14 for x in the first equation
y  4.81x  3.45 and solve for y. and solve for y.
y  4.81 1.318   3.45  2.890 6  3 y  14   5 y  8
The approximate solution is  1.32, 2.89  . 18 y  84  5 y  8
23 y  84  8
26. 3x  y  14 23 y  92
2 x  7 y  22 y4
Solve the first equation for y. Substitute 4 for y in the equation x  3 y  14
3x  y  14 and solve for x.
y  3 x  14 x  3  4   14  12  14  2
Substitute 3x  14 for y in the second equation
and solve for x.
2 x  7  3 x  14   22
32. 4 x  3 y  7
2 x  21x  98  22 3 x  y  9
19 x  98  22 Solve the second equation for y.
19 x  76 3x  y  9
x4  y  3 x  9
Substitute 4 for x in the equation y  3 x  14 y  3x  9
and solve for y. Substitute 3x  9 for y in the first equation and
y  3  4   14  12  14  2 solve for x.
The solution is  4, 2  . 4 x  3  3 x  9   7
4 x  9 x  27  7
28. 2 x  3 y  1 5 x  27  7
x  3 y  5 5 x  20
Solve the second equation for x. x  4
x  3 y  5
Substitute 4 for x in the equation y  3 x  9
x  3 y  5 and solve for y.
Substitute 3 y  5 for x in the first equation y  3  4   9  12  9  3
and solve for y.
The solution is  4, 3 .
2  3 y  5   3 y  1
6 y  10  3 y  1 34. 4 x  5 y  2
3 y  10  1 3x  y  7
3 y  9 Solve the second equation for y.
y  3 3x  y  7
Substitute 3 for y in the equation y  3x  7
x  3 y  5 and solve for x. Substitute 3x  7 for y in the first equation
x  3  3  5  9  5  4 and solve for x.
The solution is  4, 3 .

4 x  5  3 x  7   2 42. 3x  12 y  6
4 x  15 x  35  2 x  4 y  2
11x  35  2 Substitute 4 y  2 for x in the first equation
11x  33 and solve for y.
3  4 y  2   12 y  6
x  3
Substitute 3 for x in the equation y  3 x  7 12 y  6  12 y  6
and solve for y. 6  6 true
y  3  3  7  9  7  2 The result is a true statement, so the system is
dependent. The solution is the infinite set of
The solution is  3, 2  . ordered pairs that satisfy the equation
x  4 y  2 .
36. x  2 y 1
4 x  8 y  4 44. y  4x 1
Substitute 2 y  1 for x in the second equation 8 x  2 y  5
and solve for y. Substitue 4 x  1 for y in the second equation
4  2 y  1  8 y  4 and solve for x.
8 y  4  8 y  4 8 x  2  4 x  1  5
4  4 true 8 x  8 x  2  5
The result is a true statement, so the system is 2  5 false
dependent. The solution is the infinite set of The result is a false statement, so the system is
ordered pairs that satisfy the equation inconsistent. The solution is the empty set,  .
x  2 y 1.
46. We begin by finding the equations for each
38. 3x  2 y  10 table.
y  4  2x Table 15:
The input x  0 yields the output y  61 , so
Substitute 4  2x for y in the first equation
and solve for x. the y-intercept is  0, 61 .
3x  2  4  2 x   10 67  73 6
m   6 , so the slope is 6 .
3x  8  4 x  10 1   2  1
x  8  10 The first equation is y  6 x  61 .
x  2 Table 16:
Substitute 2 for x in the equation y  4  2 x The input x  0 yields the output y  9 , so
and solve for y. the y-intercept is  0, 9  .
y  4  2  2   4  4  8 13   17  4
m   4 , so the slope is 4.
The solution is  2,8  . 1   2  1
The second equation is y  4 x  9 .
40. y  2x  5 Now we solve the system:
4 x  2 y  6 y  6 x  61
Substitute 2 x  5 for y in the second equation y  4x  9
and solve for x. Substitute 4 x  9 for y in the first equation
4 x  2  2 x  5   6 and solve for x.
4 x  4 x  10  6 4 x  9  6 x  61
10  6 false 10 x  9  61
The result is a false statement, so the system is 10 x  70
inconsistent. The solution is the empty set,  . x7
Substitute 7 for x in the equation y  4 x  9
and solve for y.

y  4  7   9  28  9  19 Substitute 2 for y in the equation

x  3 y  9 and solve for x.
The solution is  7,19  .
x  3  2   9  6  9  3
48. A: The solution is  3, 2  .
This point is the origin so it has coordinates
 0, 0  . b. Solve the first equation for y.
B: 2x  y  8
This point is the y-intercept for line l2 . Let y  2 x  8
x  0 in the equation and solve for y. Substitute 2 x  8 for y in the second
2 y   0  6 equation and solve for x.
2y  6 x  3  2 x  8   9
y3 x  6 x  24  9
The coordinates of the point are  0,3 . 5 x  24  9
C: 5 x  15
This point is the intersection of the two lines. x3
Therefore, it is the solution of the system: Substitute 3 for x in the equation
y  2 x  8 y  2 x  8 and solve for y.
2y  x  6 y  2  3  8  6  8  2
Substitute 2 x  8 for y in the second The solution is  3, 2  .
2  2 x  8   x  6 c. The results are the same. The solution of
4 x  16  x  6 the system is  3, 2  .
5 x  16  6
5 x  10 52. a. Answers may vary. Example:
If the result of applying substitution to a
x2 system of equations is a false statement,
Substitute 2 for x in the equation y  2 x  8 then the system is inconsistent; that is, the
and solve for y. solution set is the empty set.
y  2  2   8  4  8  4
b. Answers may vary. Example:
The coordinates of the point are  2, 4  . If the result of applying substitution to a
D: linear system of two equations is a true
This point is the x-intercept of line l1 . Let statement that can be put into the
y  0 in the equation and solve for x. form a  a , then the system is dependent;
that is, the two equations represent the
0  2 x  8
same line and the solution set is the infinite
x4 set of ordered pairs represented by every
The coordinates of the point are  4, 0  . point on the line.
50. a. Solve the second equation for x. 54. Answers may vary. Example:
x  3y  9 Substitution may tend to be more reliable since
the exact values can be obtained rather than
x  3 y  9 estimating intersection points.
Substitute 3 y  9 for x in the first
equation and solve for y. 56. a. y  y1  m  x  x1 
2  3 y  9   y  8 y  4  3  x  3
6 y  18  y  8 y  4  3x  9
5 y  18  8 y  3x  5
5 y  10
y2

b. y  y1  m  x  x1  Homework 6.3
y  4  2  x  3  2. 4 x  5 y  11 Equation (1)
y  4  2 x  6 4 x  3 y  13 Equation (2)
y  2 x  10 The coefficients of the x terms are equal in
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
c. Our system of equations is left sides and the right sides of the equations
y  3x  5 and solve for y.
y  2 x  10 4 x  5 y  11
Substitute 2 x  10 for y in the first 4 x  3 y  13
equation and solve for x. 8 y  24
2 x  10  3 x  5
y3
5 x  10  5
Substitute 3 for y in equation (2) and solve for
5 x  15 x.
x3 4 x  3  3  13
Substitute 3 for x in the equation 4 x  9  13
y  2 x  10 and solve for y.
4x  4
y  2  3  10  6  10  4
x 1
The solution is  3, 4  . The solution is 1,3 .
d. Answers may vary. Example: 4. 3 x  5 y  19 Equation (1)

The solution of the system is the common
point that was used to find the equations in 2 x  5 y  4 Equation (2)
parts (a) and (b). A solution of a system of The coefficients of the y terms are equal in
linear equations in two variables is an absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
ordered pair that lies on the graph of all left sides and the right sides of the equations
equations in the system. We know the and solve for x.
point  3, 4  is a solution of our system 3 x  5 y  19
since it was on the graph of both equations 2 x  5 y  4
in the system. 5x  15
58. 7  3 x  5 x3
Substitute 3 for x in equation (1) and solve for
7  5  3 x  5  5 y.
2  3 x 3  3  5 y  19
2 3 x 9  5 y  19

3 3 5 y  10
2
 x y2
3
2
The solution is  .
3
6. x  4y  5 Equation (1)
This is a linear equation in one variable.
5 x  2 y  11 Equation (2)
60. 9 x  2 y  3 x  5  9 x  3x  2 y  5 To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both
  9  3 x  2 y  5 sides of equation (2) by 2 , yielding the
system:
 6x  2 y  5 x  4y  5
This is a linear expression in two variables. 10 x  4 y  22

The coefficients of the y terms are equal in The coefficients of the x terms are equal in
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
left sides and the right sides of the equations left sides and the right sides of the equations
and solve for x. and solve for y.
x  4y  5 8 x  14 y  50
10 x  4 y  22 8 x  3 y  1
9 x  27 17 y  51
x  3 y  3
Substitute 3 for x in equation (1) and solve Substitute 3 for y in equation (2) and solve
for y. for x.
 3  4 y  5 8 x  3  3  1
4 y  8 8 x  9  1
y  2 8x  8
The solution is  3, 2  . x 1
The solution is 1, 3 .
8. 3 x  4 y  5 Equation (1)
5 x  2 y  17 Equation (2) 12. 6 x  5 y  14 Equation (1)
To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both 4 x  7 y  2 Equation (2)
sides of equation (2) by 2 , yielding the To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both
system: sides of equation (1) by 2 and both sides of
3x  4 y  5 equation (2) by 3, yielding the system:
10 x  4 y  34 12 x  10 y  28
The coefficients of the y terms are equal in 12 x  21 y  6
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the The coefficients of the x terms are equal in
left sides and the right sides of the equations absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
and solve for x. left sides and the right sides of the equations
3 x  4 y  5 and solve for y.
10 x  4 y  34 12 x  10 y  28
13x  39 12 x  21y  6
x  3 11y  22
Substitute 3 for x in equation (2) and solve y2
for y. Substitute 2 for y in equation (1) and solve for
5  3  2 y  17 x.
15  2 y  17 6 x  5  2   14
2y  2 6 x  10  14
y 1 6 x  24
The solution is  3,1 . x  4
The solution is  4, 2  .
10. 4 x  7 y  25 Equation (1)
14. 5 x  2 y  8 Equation (1)
8 x  3 y  1 Equation (2)
2x  3y  1 Equation (2)
To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both
sides of equation (1) by 2 , yielding the To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both
system: sides of equation (1) by 3 and both sides of
8 x  14 y  50 equation (2) by 2 , yielding the system:
15 x  6 y  24
8 x  3 y  1
4 x  6 y  2

The coefficients of the y terms are equal in Substitute 1 for y in equation (2) and solve for x.
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the 5 x  5 1  10  0
left sides and the right sides of the equations
5 x  15  0
and solve for x.
15 x  6 y  24 5 x  15
4 x  6 y  2 x3
11x  22
x2
1 5 9
Substitute 2 for x in equation (1) and solve for 20. x  y   2 x  5 y  18 Equation (1)
2 4 2
y.
3 1 1
5  2  2 y  8 x  y   3 x  4 y  4 Equation (2)
8 2 2
10  2 y  8 To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both
2 y  2 sides of equation (1) by 3 and both sides of
y 1 equation (2) by 2, yielding the system:
6 x  15 y  54
6x  8 y  8
The coefficients of the x terms are equal in
16. y  2 x  7  2 x  y  7 Equation (1)
y   x  8  x  y  8 Equation (2) left sides and the right sides of the equations
The coefficients of the y terms are equal in and solve for y.
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the 6 x  15 y  54
left sides and the right sides of the equations 6x  8 y  8
and solve for x.
2 x  y  7 23 y  46
x  y  8 y  2
3x  15 Substitute 2 for y in equation (1) and solve
for x.
x  5
2 x  5  2   18
Substitute 5 for x in equation (1) and solve
for y. 2 x  10  18
y  2  5   7  10  7  3 2x  8
The solution is  5, 3 . x4
The solution is  4, 2  .
18. 3  2 x  9 y  2 x  9 y  3 Eq. (1)
22. 4 x  6 y  10 Equation (1)
5 x  5 y  10  0  5 x  5 y  10 Eq. (2)
6 x  9 y  15 Equation (2)
sides of equation (1) by 5 and both sides of To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both
equation (2) by 2, yielding the system: sides of equation (1) by 3 and both sides of
10 x  45 y  15 equation (2) by 2, yielding the system:
12 x  18 y  30
10 x  10 y  20
The coefficients of the x terms are equal in 12 x  18 y  30
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the The coefficients of the x terms are equal in
left sides and the right sides of the equations absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
and solve for y. left sides and the right sides of the equations
10 x  45 y  15 and solve for y.
12 x  18 y  30
10 x  10 y  20
12 x  18 y  30
35 y  35
0  0 true
y 1

The result is a true statement of the form 30 x  36 y  15

a  a . Therefore, the system is dependent. 30 x  36 y  16
The solution set is the infinite set of ordered
pairs that satisfy the equation 4 x  6 y  10 .
24. 3x  2 y  5 Equation (1) and solve for y.
12 x  8 y  17 Equation (2) 30 x  36 y  15
To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both 30 x  36 y  16
sides of equation (1) by 4, yielding the system:
12 x  8 y  20 0  1 false
The result is a false statement. Therefore, the
12 x  8 y  17
system is inconsistent. The solution set is the
The coefficients of the x terms are equal in empty set,  .
left sides and the right sides of the equations 30. 9 x  6 y  15 Equation (1)
and solve for y.
12 x  8 y  20 Equation (2)
12 x  8 y  20
12 x  8 y  17
sides of equation (1) by 4 and both sides of
0  3 false equation (2) by 3 , yielding the system:
The result is a false statement. Therefore, the 36 x  24 y  60
system is inconsistent. The solution set is the 36 x  24 y  60
empty set,  . The coefficients of the x terms are equal in
26. 8 x  3 y  2 Equation (1) left sides and the right sides of the equations
5 x  12 y  29 Equation (2) and solve for y.
To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both 36 x  24 y  60
sides of equation (1) by 4, yielding the system: 36 x  24 y  60
32 x  12 y  8
0  0 true
5 x  12 y  29
The result is a true statement of the form
The coefficients of the y terms are equal in a  a . Therefore, the system is dependent.
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the The solution set is the infinite set of ordered
pairs that satisfy the equation 9 x  6 y  15 .
and solve for x.
32 x  12 y  8
32. y  1.28 x  2.05  1.28 x  y  2.05 Eq. (1)
5 x  12 y  29
y  3.94 x  8.83  3.94 x  y  8.33 Eq. (2)
37x  37 The coefficients of the y terms are equal in
x  1 absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
Substitute 1 for x in equation (1) and solve left sides and the right sides of the equations
for y. and solve for x.
8  1  3 y  2 1.28 x  y  2.05
8  3 y  2 3.94 x  y  8.33
3 y  6 2.66 x  10.38
y  2 10.38
x  3.902
The solution is  1, 2  . 2.66
Substitute 3.902 for x in equation (1) and solve
for y.
28. 10 x  12 y  5 Equation (1)
y  1.28  3.902   2.05  7.04
15 x  18 y  8 Equation (2)
The approximate solution is  3.90, 7.04  .
equation (2) by 2, yielding the system:

34. y  3.28 x  1.43  3.28 x  y  1.43 Eq. (1) Substitute 3 for x in equation (1) and solve
y  0.56 x  6.72 0.56 x  y  6.72 Eq. (2) for y.
The coefficients of the y terms are equal in 6  3  y  13
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the 18  y  13
left sides and the right sides of the equations y5
and solve for x.
3.28 x  y  1.43 The solution is  3,5  .
0.56 x  y  6.72
40. 4 x  5 y  23
2.72 x  5.29 y  1 2x
5.29 Substitute 1  2x for y in the first equation and
x  1.945
2.72 solve for x.
Substitute 1.945 for x in equation (1) and solve 4 x  5 1  2 x   23
for y.
y  3.28 1.945   1.43  7.810 4 x  5  10 x  23
14 x  5  23
The approximate solution is 1.95, 7.81 .
14 x  28
36. y  1.64 x  5.07  1.64 x  y  5.07 Eq. (1) x2
Substitute 2 for x in the equation y  1  2 x
y  2.57 x  3.39  2.57 x  y  3.39 Eq. (2)
and solve for y.
The coefficients of the y terms are equal in
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the y  1  2  2   1  4  3
left sides and the right sides of the equations The solution is  2, 3 .
and solve for x.
1.64 x  y  5.07 42. 5 x  2 y  7 Equation (1)
2.57 x  y  3.39 4 x  3 y  7 Equation (2)
4.21x  8.46 To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both
8.46 sides of equation (1) by 3 and both sides of
x  2.010 equation (2) by 2 , yielding the system:
4.21
Substitute 2.010 for x in equation (1) and solve 15 x  6 y  21
for y. 8 x  6 y  14
y  1.64  2.010   5.07  8.366 The coefficients of the y terms are equal in
The approximate solution is  2.01,8.37  .
and solve for x.
38. 6 x  y  13 Equation (1) 15 x  6 y  21
3x  2 y  19 Equation (2) 8 x  6 y  14
To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both
7x  7
12 x  2 y  26 x 1
3x  2 y  19 Substitute 1 for x in equation (1) and solve for
y.
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the 5 1  2 y  7
left sides and the right sides of the equations 5 2y  7
and solve for x. 2 y  2
12 x  2 y  26
y  1
3x  2 y  19
The solution is 1, 1 .
15x  45
x  3

44. 3 x  8 y  4 Equation (1) 12 x  8 y  76

x  5 y  6 Equation (2) 12 x  15 y  30
To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both 23 y  46
sides of equation (2) by 3 , yielding the
y2
system:
3x  8 y  4 Substitute 2 for y in equation (1) and solve for
x.
3 x  15 y  18
3x  2  2   19
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the 3 x  4  19
left sides and the right sides of the equations 3x  15
and solve for y. x  5
3x  8 y  4
3 x  15 y  18
7 y  14 50. 4  2 x  7   3 y  7
y2 7 x  5  2 y  3  3
Substitute 2 for y in equation (1) and solve for Begin by writing each equation in standard
x. form.
3x  8  2   4 4 2x  7  3y  7 7 x  5  2 y  3  3
3 x  16  4 8 x  28  3 y  7 7 x  10 y  15  3
3 x  12 8 x  3 y  35 7 x  10 y  18
x4 This yields the system:
The solution is  4, 2  . 8 x  3 y  35 Equation (1)
7 x  10 y  18 Equation (2)
46. y  4 x  9
y  2x  3 sides of equation (1) by 10 and both sides of
Substitute 2 x  3 for y in the first equation equation (2) by 3, yielding the system:
and solve for x. 80 x  30 y  350
2 x  3  4 x  9 21x  30 y  54
6 x  3  9 The coefficients of the y terms are equal in
6 x  12 absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
x  2
and solve for x.
Substitute 2 for x in the equation y  2 x  3
80 x  30 y  350
and solve for y.
21x  30 y  54
y  2  2   3  4  3  1
101x  404
The solution is  2, 1 .
x4
48. 3x  2 y  19  3 x  2 y  19 Eq. (1) Substitute 4 for x in equation (1) and solve for
y.
5 y  4 x  10  4 x  5 y  10 Eq. (2)
8  4   3 y  35
sides of equation (1) by 4 and both sides of 32  3 y  35
equation (2) by 3, yielding the system: 3y  3
12 x  8 y  76 y 1
12 x  15 y  30 The solution is  4,1 .
and solve for y.

52. y  2 x  7 4 x  2 y  14
5x  2 y  4 5x  2 y  4
Graphing by hand: 9x  18
Begin by writing each equation in
slope–intercept form. x2
y  2 x  7 5x  2 y  4 Substitute 2 for x in equation (1) and solve for
y.
2 y  5 x  4
2  2  y  7
5
y  x2 y3
2
Next we graph both equations in the same The solution is  2,3 .
coordinate system. Preference may vary.
y
5 5x  2 y  4
54. 4 x  7 y  15 Equation (1)
(2, 3) 5x  3 y  7 Equation (2)
x
 5 a. To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both
y  2 x  7 equation (2) by 4 , yielding the system:
5
20 x  35 y  75
The intersection point is  2,3 . So, the 20 x  12 y  28
ordered pair  2,3 is the solution. The coefficients of the x terms are equal in
Substitution: absolute value and opposite in sign. Add
y  2 x  7 the left sides and the right sides of the
equations and solve for y.
5x  2 y  4
20 x  35 y  75
Substitute 2 x  7 for y in the second
20 x  12 y  28
5 x  2  2 x  7   4  47 y  47
5 x  4 x  14  4 y  1
9 x  14  4 Substitute 1 for y in equation (1) and
solve for x.
9 x  18
4 x  7  1  15
x2
4 x  7  15
Substitute 2 for x in the equation y  2 x  7
4x  8
and solve for y.
y   2  2   7  4  7  3 x2
The solution is  2, 1 .
Elimination: b. To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both
2 x  y  7 Equation (1) sides of equation (1) by 3 and both sides of
5 x  2 y  4 Equation (2) equation (2) by 7, yielding the system:
To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both 12 x  21 y  45
sides of equation (1) by 2, yielding the system: 35 x  21 y  49
4 x  2 y  14 The coefficients of the y terms are equal in
5x  2 y  4 absolute value and opposite in sign. Add
The coefficients of the y terms are equal in the left sides and the right sides of the
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the equations and solve for x.
and solve for x.

12 x  21 y  45 Substitute 23 for x in equation (2) and solve

35 x  21 y  49 for y.
3  23  y  85
47 x  94
69  y  85
x2
y  16
Substitute 2 for x in equation (2) and solve
for y. The solution is  23,16  .
5  2  3 y  7
58. A:
10  3 y  7
This point is the origin so it has coordinates
3 y  3  0, 0  .
y  1 B:
The solution is  2, 1 . This point is the y-intercept for line l1 . Let
x  0 in the equation and solve for y.
c. The results are the same. 2  0   5 y  10
56. We begin by finding the equations for each 5 y  10
table. y2
Table 19:
The coordinates of the point are  0, 2  .
The input x  0 yields the output y  76 , so
C:
the y-intercept is  0, 76  .
This point is the intersection of the two lines.
80   84  4 Therefore, it is the solution of the system:
m   4 , so the slope is 4.
1   2  1 2 x  5 y  10 Equation (1)
The first equation is y  4 x  76 . 7 x  3 y  47 Equation (2)
Table 20: To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both
The input x  0 yields the output y  85 , so sides of equation (1) by 7 and both sides of
the y-intercept is  0,85  . 14 x  35 y  70
88  91 3 14 x  6 y  94
1   2  1 The coefficients of the x terms are equal in
The second equation is y  3 x  85 . absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
Now we solve the system: and solve for y.
y  4 x  76 14 x  35 y  70
y  3 x  85 14 x  6 y  94
Writing in standard form, we get: 41 y  164
4 x  y  76 Equation (1)
y4
3 x  y  85 Equation (2)
The coefficients of the y terms are equal in x.
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the 2 x  5  4   10
and solve for x. 2 x  20  10
4 x  y  76 2 x  10
3x  y  85 x5
7x  161 The coordinates of the point are  5, 4  .
x  23

D: d. The equation of the line is y  3x  2 .

This point is the x-intercept of line l2 . Let
y  0 in the equation and solve for x. e. Graph the equation and check if the points
7 x  3  0   47  1,5  and  2, 4  are on the graph.
7 x  47
47
x
7
 47 
The coordinates of the point are  , 0  .
 7  66. 5 x  4 y  8
60. Answers may vary. Example: x-intercept: 5 x  4  0   8
If elimination results in a true statement that 5x  8
can be put into the form a  a , then the system
8
is dependent; that is, the two equations x
represent the same line and the solution set is 5
the infinite set of ordered pairs represented by  
The x-intercept is 85 , 0 .
every point on the line.
y-intercept: 5  0   4 y  8
62. Answers may vary 4y  8
64. a. y  mx  b y2
5  m  1  b The y-intercept is  0, 2  .

We plot the intercepts and connect them with a
m  b  5
line, extending the line in both directions.
b. y  mx  b y
5
4  m  2   b
2m  b  4 (0, 2) 8 ,0
5
c. m  b  5 Equation (1)  5
x
2m  b  4 Equation (2)
To eliminate the b terms, we multiply both 5
system: This is a linear equation in two variables.
m  b  5
68. 5 x  4 y  8 Equation (1)
2m  b  4
The coefficients of the b terms are equal in 3 x  2 y  2 Equation (2)
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both
the left sides and the right sides of the sides of equation (2) by 2 , yielding the
equations and solve for m. system:
m  b  5 5x  4 y  8
2m  b  4 6 x  4 y  4
3m  9 The coefficients of the y terms are equal in
m  3 left sides and the right sides of the equations
Substitute 3 for m in equation (1) and and solve for x.
solve for b. 5x  4 y  8
  3  b  5 6 x  4 y  4
3b  5 x  4
b2 x  4
The solution of the system is  m, b   3, 2 .

Substitute 4 for x in equation (2) and solve 6. a. Start by creating a scatter diagram of the
for y. data.
3  4   2 y  2
12  2 y  2
2 y  14
y7
The data appear fairly linear so we use the
regression feature of a graphing utility to
This is a system of linear equations in two obtain the line of best fit.
variables.
Homework 6.4
2. n  16.98t  395.66
n  29.87t  1369.89 A reasonable model for the data is
Substitute 29.87t  1369.89 for n in the first V  0.66t  28.7 .
equation and solve for t.
29.87t  1369.89  16.98t  395.66 b. Start by creating a scatter diagram of the
46.85t  1369.89  395.66 data.
46.85t  974.23
974.23
t  20.79
46.85
Substitute 20.79 for t in the equation
n  29.87t  1369.89 and solve for n. The data appear fairly linear so we use the
n  29.87  20.79   1369.89  748.89
obtain the line of best fit.
The approximate solution of the system is
 20.79, 748.89  .
According to the models, there were the same
number of morning newspapers as evening
newspapers (749 each) in 2001.
A reasonable model for the data is
4. r  0.16t  54.17 V  1.24t  31.22 .
r  0.10t  45.48
c. To estimate when the number of stores will
Substitute 0.10t  45.48 for r in the first be equal, we solve the system:
equation and solve for t. V  0.66t  28.7
0.10t  45.48  0.16t  54.17
V  1.24t  31.22
0.06t  45.48  54.17 Substitute 1.24t  31.22 for V in the first
0.06t  8.69 equation and solve for t.
8.69 1.24t  31.22  0.66t  28.7
t  144.83
0.06 1.90t  31.22  28.7
Substitute 144.83 for t in the equation 1.90t  2.52
r  0.10t  45.48 and solve for r.
2.52
r  0.10 144.83  45.48  31.00 t  1.33
1.90
The solution of the system is 144.83, 31.00  . Substitute 1.33 for t in the equation
According to the models, the women’s V  1.24t  31.22 and solve for V.
winning time will equal the men’s winning V  1.24 1.33   31.22  29.57
time (31.00 seconds) in 2045. The approximate solution of the system is
1.33, 29.57  .

According to the models, the average Substitute 17.99 for t in the equation
weekly viewing time of ad-supported cable c  4.65t  28.91 and solve for c.
was equal to the average weekly viewing c  4.65 17.99   28.91  112.56
time of broadcast television (29.6 hours
each) in 2001.
17.99, 112.56  .
8. a. Start by creating a scatter diagram of the According to the models, North America’s
data. energy consumption was equal to energy
consumption in Asia and Oceania (112.56
quadrillion Btu) in 1998.
10. a. Start by creating a scatter diagram of the

data.

c  1.5t  85.57 .
b. Start by creating a scatter diagram of the

data.
n  0.21t  11.58 .
b. Start by creating a scatter diagram of the

data.

c  4.65t  28.91 .
c. To estimate when the Btu consumption

will be equal, we solve the system:
c  1.5t  85.57 A reasonable model for the data is
c  4.65t  28.91 n  0.24t  6.75 .
Substitute 4.65t  28.91 for c in the first
equation and solve for t. c. The slopes are very close in value. This
4.65t  28.91  1.5t  85.57 means that the number of men who live
alone changes at about the same rate as the
3.15t  28.91  85.57 number of women who live alone.
3.15t  56.66
56.66
t  17.99
3.15

d. Answers may vary. Example: b. By the same reasoning as in part (a), the
Although the two slopes are close, they are model for the New York Mets payroll is
not equivalent. Therefore, the graphs of the p  18.7t  134.4 .
two equations will intersect. This means
that, at some point in time, the number of c. p  22.5t  57
men who live alone will equal the number p  18.7t  134.4
of women who live alone. Because the
difference in slopes is very small compared Substitute 18.7t  134.4 for p in the first
to the difference in the y-intercepts, this equation and solve for t.
event will not happen for a very long time. 18.7t  134.4  22.5t  57
41.2t  134.4  57
12. a. Since the number of students who earned a
41.2t  77.4
bachelor’s degree in computer science
decreases by 4.3 thousand each year, we 77.4
t  1.88
can model the situation by a linear 41.2
equation. The slope is 4.3 thousand Substitute 1.88 for t in the equation
degrees per year. Since the number of p  18.7t  134.4 and solve for p.
computer science degrees earned in 2009 p  18.7 1.88   134.4  99.24
was 38.0 thousand, the d-intercept is
 0, 38.0  . So, a reasonable model is
1.88, 99.24  .
d  4.3t  38.0 .
According to the models, the Marlins’ and
b. By the same reasoning as in part (a), the Mets’ payrolls ($99.24 million each) were
model for bachelor’s degrees earned in equal in 2012.
mathematics and statistics is
16. a. Since a one-year-old Ford Crown Victoria
d  0.5t  15.5 .
depreciates about $1774 per year, we can
model the situation by a linear equation.
c. d  4.3t  38.0
The slope is 1774 dollars per year. Since
d  0.5t  15.5
a one-year-old Ford Crown Victoria was
Substitute 0.5t  15.5 for d in the first
worth $18.389 in 2012, the V-intercept is
0.5t  15.5  4.3t  38.0  0, 18,389  . So, a reasonable model is
4.8t  15.5  38.0 V  1774t  18,389 .
4.8t  22.5
22.5 b. By the same reasoning as in part (a), the
t  4.69 model for the Dodge Avenger is
4.8
V  940t  14,205 .
d  0.5t  15.5 and solve for d.
c. V  1774t  18,389
d  0.5  4.69   15.5  17.85
V  940t  14,205
The approximate solution of the system is Substitute 940t  14,205 for V in the first
 4.69, 17.85  . equation and solve for t.
According to the models, the same number 940t  14,205  1774t  18,389
of bachelor’s degrees (17.9 thousand each) 834t  14,205  18,389
will be earned in 2014. 834t  4184
4184
14. a. Since the Miami Marlins’ payroll has t  5.02
increased by $22.5 million each year, we 834
can model the situation by a linear Substitute 5.02 for t in the equation
equation. V  940t  14,205 and solve for V.
The slope is $22.5 million per year. Since V  940  5.02   14,205  9486.20 .
the payroll in 2010 was $57 million, the The approximate solution of the system is
p-intercept is  0, 57  . So, a reasonable
 5.02, 9486.20  .
model is p  22.5t  57 .

According to the models, the two cars will 22. We are given that the changes in percentage of
have the same value ($9486) in 2017. households with broadband Internet access and
percentage of households with dial-up Internet
18. Let p be percentage of 30–34-year-olds who accessare approximately linear.
are married at t years since 2010. Let t be the number of years since 2002, and
Since the percentage of 30–34-year-olds who p be the percentage of households.
are married has decreased by 0.9 percentage Broadband Internet:
point each year, we can model the situation by When t  0 , we have p  21 , so the
a linear equation. The slope is 0.9
p-intercept is  0, 21 .
percentage point per year. Since the
percentage of 30–34-year-olds who are 84  21 63
m   7.875
married was 60.5% in 2010, the p-intercept is 10  2 8
 0, 60.5  . So, a reasonable model is Therefore, the linear equation for households
with broadband Internet access is
p  0.9t  60.5 .
p  7.875t  21 .
By the same reasoning as for the percentage of Dial-up Internet:
30–34-year-olds who are married, the model When t  0 , we have p  78 , so the
for percentage of 30–34-year-olds who have
p-intercept is  0, 78  .
never married is p  0.8t  31.8 .
13  78 65
To predict when the percentage of 30–34-year- m   8.125
10  2 8
olds who are married will equal the percentage Therefore, the linear equation for households
of 30–34-year-olds who have never married, with dial-up Internet access is
we solve the system: p  8.125t  78 .
p  0.9t  60.5
The two equations yield the system:
p  0.8t  31.8 p  7.875t  21
Substitute 0.8t  31.8 for p in the first p  8.125t  78
Substitute 8.125t  78 for p in the first
0.8t  31.8  0.9t  60.5
1.7t  31.8  60.5 8.125t  78  7.875t  21
1.7t  28.7 16t  78  21
28.7 16t  57
t  16.88
1.7 57
Substitute 16.88 for t in the equation t  3.56
16
p  0.8t  31.8 and solve for p.
p  0.8 16.88   31.8  45.30 p  8.125t  78 and solve for p.
The approximate solution of the system is p  8.125  3.56   78  49.08
16.88, 45.30  . The approximate solution of the system is
According to the models, the percentage of  3.56, 49.08 . According to the models, the
30–34-year-olds who are married will equal
percentage of households with broadband
the percentage of 30–34-year-olds who have
access was equal to the percentage of
never married (45.3%) in 2027.
households with dial-up access (49%) in 2006.
20. Answers may vary.
24. 2 x  6  2 1  6  2  6  4
This is a linear expression in one variable.
26.  2 x  6    3x  1  2 x  6  3x  1
 2 x  3x  6  1
 x7
This is a linear expression in one variable.

Homework 6.5 Substitute 2W  1 for L in the second equation

and solve for W.
2. Let L be the length and W be the width. 14   2W  1  W
L  1.62W P  2 L  2W
14  3W  1
50  2 L  2W
15  3W
25  L  W
To determine the dimensions of the floor, we 5 W
solve the system: Substitute 5 for W in the equation L  2W  1
L  1.62W and solve for L.
25  L  W L  2  5   1  10  1  9
Substitute 1.62W for L in the second equation The width of the table is 5 feet and the length
and solve for w. is 9 feet.
25  1.62W   W
8. Let L be the length and W be the width.
25  2.62W L  2W  5 P  2 L  2W
25 112  2 L  2W
W  9.542
2.62 56  L  W
Substitute 9.542 for W in the equation To determine the dimensions of the rectangle,
L  1.62W and solve for L. we solve the system:
L  1.62  9.542   15.458 L  2W  5
The width of the floor is approximately 9.54 56  L  W
feet and the length is approximately 15.46 feet. Substitute 2W  5 for L in the second equation
and solve for W.
56   2W  5   W
L  2.25W P  2 L  2W
56  3W  5
200  2 L  2W
51  3W
100  L  W
To determine the dimensions of the football 17  W
field, we solve the system: Substitute 17 for W in the equation
L  2.25W L  2W  5 and solve for L.
100  L  W L  2 17   5  34  5  39
Substitute 2.25W for L in the second equation The width of the rectangle is 17 inches and the
and solve for W. length is 39 inches.
100   2.25W   W
100  3.25W L  3W  2 P  2 L  2W
100 148  2 L  2W
W  30.769
3.25 74  L  W
Substitute 30.769 for W in the equation To determine the dimensions of the rectangle,
L  2.25W and solve for L. we solve the system:
L  2.25  30.769   69.230 L  3W  2
The width of the field is about 30.77 yards and 74  L  W
the length is about 69.23 yards. Substitute 3W  2 for L in the second equation
and solve for W.
74   3W  2   W
L  2W  1 P  2 L  2W
28  2 L  2W 74  4W  2
14  L  W 76  4W
To determine the dimensions of the table, we 19  W
solve the system: Substitute 19 for W in the equation
L  2W  1 L  3W  2 and solve for L.
14  L  W L  3 19   2  57  2  55

The width of the rectangle is 19 yards and the 9.99 x  4.95   x  373  2647.71
length is 55 yards. 9.99 x  4.95 x  1846.35  2647.71
5.04 x  1846.35  2647.71
12. Let x be the number of $45 tickets and y be the
number of $65 tickets. 5.04 x  801.36
There are a total of 10,000 tickets, so our first x  159
equation is x  y  10, 000 . Substitute 159 for x in the equation
y   x  373 and solve for y.
The total revenue is $560,000. The revenue for
each ticket type is obtained by multiplying the y  159  373  214
ticket price by the number of tickets sold at 159 Blood Pressures albums and 214 The Kills
that price. Therefore, our second equation is EPs were sold.
45 x  65 y  560, 000
The system is: 16. Let x be the number of hardcovers and y be the
x  y  10, 000 Equation (1) number of paperbacks.
A total of 800 books were sold, so our first
45 x  65 y  560, 000 Equation (2) equation is x  y  800 .
To eliminate the x terms, multiply both sides The total revenue was $8792. The revenue for
of equation (1) by 45 , yielding the system: each product is obtained by multiplying the
45 x  45 y  450, 000 product price by the number sold of the
45 x  65 y  560, 000 product. Therefore, our second equation is
Add the left sides and right sides and solve for 16.99 x  8.99 y  8792 .
y. The system is:
45 x  45 y  450, 000 x  y  800 Equation (1)
45 x  65 y  560, 000 16.99 x  8.99 y  8792 Equation (2)
20y  110, 000 To eliminate the y terms, multiply both sides
of equation (1) by 8.99 , yielding the system:
y  5,500
8.99 x  8.99 y  7192
Substitute 5,500 for y in equation (1) and solve
16.99 x  8.99 y  8792
for x.
x   5,500   10, 000 Add the left sides and right sides and solve for
x.
x  4,500 8.99 x  8.99 y  7192
The theater should sell 4500 of the $45 tickets 16.99 x  8.99 y  8792
and 5500 of the $65 tickets.
8x  1600
14. Let x be the number of the Blood Pressures x  200
albums sold and y be the number of The Kills
EPs sold. Substitute 200 for x in equation (1) and solve
A total of 373 recordings were sold, so our for y.
200  y  800
first equation is x  y  373 .
The total revenue was $2647.71. The revenue y  600
for each recording is obtained by multiplying The bookstore sold 200 hardcovers and 66
the recording price by the number of paperbacks of You Killed Wesley Payne.
recordings sold at that price. Therefore, our
second equation is 9.99 x  4.95 y  2647.71 18. Let x be the price of balcony seats and y be the
price of main-level seats.
The system is:
Tickets for the balcony are $15 less than
x  y  373
tickets for the main-level, so our first equation
9.99 x  4.95 y  2647.71 is x  y  15 .
Solve the first equation for y.
The total revenue is $100,750. To obtain the
x  y  373
revenue for each seat type, we multiply the
y   x  373 price of each seat type by the number of seats
Substitute  x  373 for y in the second at that price. Therefore, our second equation is
equation and solve for x. 450 x  1700 y  100, 750 .

The system is: c. We find 5% of d.

x  y  15  0.05  d   0.05d
450 x  1700 y  100, 750 The interest in one year would be 0.05d
Substitute y  15 for x in the second equation dollars.
and solve for y.
450  y  15   1700 y  100, 750 24. a. 0.04  3000   0.12  6000   120  720
450 y  6750  1700 y  100, 750  840
The total interest would be $840.
2150 y  6750  100, 750
2150 y  107,500 b. 0.04  4000   0.12  8000   160  960
y  50  1120
Substitute 50 for y in the equation x  y  15 The total interest would be $1120.
and solve for x.
x  50  15  35 c. 0.04  x   0.12  2 x   0.04 x  0.24 x
Each balcony seat should cost $35 and each  0.28 x
main-level seat should cost $50. The total interest would be 0.28x .
20. Let x be the price of general seats and y be the 26. Let x be the amount invested in the
price of reserved seats. cdbank.com account and y be the amount
Tickets for the general are $17 less than tickets invested in the Turner Small Cap Value
for the reserved, so our first equation is account.
x  y  17 . The total amount invested is $3500 so our first
The total revenue is $435,400. To obtain the equation is x  y  3500 .
revenue for each seat type, we multiply the The total interest after one year is $200.
price of each seat type by the number of seats Therefore, our second equation is
at that price. Therefore, our second equation is 0.03 x  0.16 y  200 .
9500 x  3200 y  435, 400 .
The system is:
The system is: x  y  3500
x  y  17
0.03 x  0.16 y  200
9500 x  3200 y  435, 400
Substitute y  17 for x in the second equation x  y  3500
and solve for y. y   x  3500
9500  y  17   3200 y  435, 400
Substitute  x  3500 for y in the second
9500 y  161,500  3200 y  435, 400 equation and solve for x.
12, 700 y  161,500  435, 400 0.03 x  0.16   x  3500   200
12, 700 y  596,900 0.03 x  0.16 x  560  200
y  47 0.13x  560  200
Substitute 47 for y in the equation x  y  17 0.13 x  360
and solve for x. x  2769.23
x  47  17  30 Substitute 2769.23 for x in the equation
Each general seat should cost $30 and each y   x  3500 and solve for y.
reserved seat should cost $47.
y    2769.23  3500  730.77
22. a. We find 5% of 4000. He should invest $2769.23 in the cdbank.com
 0.05  4000   200 account and $730.77 in the Turner Small Cap
The interest in one year would be $200. Value account.
b. We find 5% of 5000.
 0.05  5000   250
The interest in one year would be $250.

28. Let x be the amount invested in the x  2  2916.667   5833.334

Connecticut Bank CD account and y be the
The person should invest $5833.33 in the
amount invested in the Artisan International
BankUSA CD account and $2916.67 in the
account.
Fidelity Select Health Care account.
The total amount invested is $6500, so our
first equation is x  y  6500 . 32. Let x be the amount invested in the LaSalle
The total interest after one year is $400, so our Bank CD account and y be the amount
second equation is 0.03 x  0.14 y  400 . invested in the Franklin Stategic Mortgage
The system is: account.
x  y  6500 Equation (1) The amount invested in the LaSalle Bank CD
account will be two times as much as the
0.03 x  0.14 y  400 Equation (2)
amount in the Franklin Stategic Mortgage
To eliminate the x terms, multiply both sides account, so our first equation is x  2 y .
of equation (1) by 0.03 , yielding the system:
The total interest for one year is $650, so our
0.03x  0.03 y  195
second equation is 0.025 x  0.08 y  650 .
0.03x  0.14 y  400 The system is:
Add the left sides and the right sides, and x  2y
solve for y. 0.025 x  0.08 y  650
0.03 x  0.03 y  195
Substitute 2 y for x in the second equation and
0.03 x  0.14 y  400
solve for x.
0.11y  205
205 0.025  2 y   0.08 y  650
y  1863.64
0.11 0.05 y  0.08 y  650
Substitute 1863.64 for y in equation (1) and 0.13 y  650
solve for x. y  5000
x  1863.64  6500
Substitute 5000 for y in the equation x  2 y
x  4636.36
and solve for x.
She should invest $4636.36 in the Connecticut
Bank CD account and $1863.64 in the Artisan x  2  5000   10, 000
International account. The person should invest $10,000 in the
LaSalle Bank CD account and $5000 in the
30. Let x be the amount invested in the BankUSA Franklin Strategic Mortgage account.
CD account and y be the amount invested in
the Fidelity Select Health Care account. 34. a. We compute 2% of 4.
The amount invested in the BankUSA CD 0.02  4   0.08
account will be two times as much as the There are 0.08 cups of butterfat in the
amount in the Fidelity Select Health Care solution.
account, so our first equation is x  2 y .
The total interest for one year is $700, so our b. We compute 2% of 8.
second equation is 0.035 x  0.17 y  700 . 0.02  8   0.16
The system is: There are 0.16 cups of butterfat in the
x  2y solution.
0.035 x  0.17 y  700
Substitute 2 y for x in the second equation and c. We compute 2% of M.
0.02  M   0.02M
solve for y.
0.035  2 y   0.17 y  700 There are 0.02M cups of butterfat in the
solution.
0.07 y  0.17 y  700
0.24 y  700 36. a. 0.24  2   0.08  5   0.48  0.4
y  2916.667  0.88
Substitute 2916.667 for y in the equation There are 0.88 liters of pure alcohol in the
x  2 y and solve for x. mixture.

b. Let x be the number of liters of the 24% 0.30 x  0.50   x  10   0.42 10 
solution and y be the number of liters of
0.30 x  0.50 x  5.0  4.2
the 8% solution.
The total number of liters is 8, so our first 0.2 x  5.0  4.2
equation is x  y  8 . 0.2 x  0.8
The total amount of acid between the two x4
solutions must be the same as the total Substitute 4 for x in the equation y   x  10
amount of acid in the mixture, so our
and solve for y.
second equation is
y    4   10  6
0.24 x  0.08 y  0.20  8  .
The mixture should contain 4 quarts of the
The system is:
30% solution and 6 quarts of the 50% solution.
x y 8
0.24 x  0.08 y  0.20  8  40. Let x be the number of liters of the 25%
Solve the first equation for y. solution and y be the number of liters of 40%
x y 8 solution.
The total number of liters is 6, so our first
y  x  8 equation is x  y  6 .
Substitute  x  8 for y in the second The total amount of pure antifreeze between
equation and solve for x. the two solutions must be the same as the total
0.24 x  0.08   x  8   0.20  8  amount of pure antifreeze in the mixture, so
0.24 x  0.08 x  0.64  1.60 our second equation is
0.16 x  0.64  1.60 0.25 x  0.40 y  0.30  6  .
0.16 x  0.96 The system is:
x y 6
x6
Substitute 6 for x in the equation 0.25 x  0.40 y  0.30  6 
y   x  8 and solve for y. Solve the first equation for y.
y   6  8  2 x y 6
y  x  6
The mixture should contain 6 liters of the
24% solution and 2 liters of the 8% Substitute  x  6 for y in the second equation
solution. and solve for x.
0.25 x  0.40   x  6   0.30  6 
38. Let x be the number of quarts of the 30%
0.25 x  0.40 x  2.40  1.80
solution and y be the number of quarts of the
50% solution. 0.15 x  2.40  1.80
The total number of quarts is 10, so our first 0.15 x  0.60
equation is x  y  10 .
x4
The total amount of acid between the two Substitute 4 for x in the equation y   x  6
solutions must be the same as the total amount
and solve for y.
of acid in the mixture, so our second equation
y    4  6  2
is 0.30 x  0.50 y  0.42 10  .
The mixture should contain 4 liters of the 25%
The system is:
antifreeze solution and 2 liters of the 40%
x  y  10
antifreeze solution.
0.30 x  0.50 y  0.42 10 
Solve the first equation for y. 42. Let x be the number of quarts of the 5%
x  y  10 solution and y be the number of quarts of the
20% solution.
y   x  10 The total number of quarts is 6, so our first
Substitute  x  10 for y in the second equation is x  y  6 .

The total amount of acid between the two The mixture should contain 2 quarts of the
solutions must be the same as the total amount 10% acid solution and 3 quarts of the 45%
of acid in the mixture, so our second equation acid solution.
is 0.05 x  0.20 y  0.10  6  .
46. Let x be the number of liters of the 30%
The system is: alcohol solution and y be the number of liters
x y 6 of pure water.
0.05 x  0.20 y  0.10  6  The total number of liters is 6, so our first
Solve the first equation for y. equation is x  y  6 .
x y 6 The total amount of alcohol in the 25%
y  x  6 solution must be the same as the total amount
of alcohol in the mixture since there is no
Substitute  x  6 for y in the second equation alcohol in pure water. Therefore, our second
and solve for x.
equation is 0.30 x  0.25  6  .
0.05 x  0.20   x  6   0.10  6 
The system is:
0.05 x  0.20 x  1.2  0.6 x y 6
0.15 x  1.2  0.6 0.30 x  0.25  6 
0.15 x  0.6 Solve the second equation for x.
x4 0.30 x  0.25  6 
Substitute 4 for x in the equation y   x  6
0.30 x  1.5
and solve for y.
x5
y    4  6  2
Substitute 5 for x in the equation x  y  6
The mixture should contain 4 quarts of the 5% and solve for y.
solution and 2 quarts of the 20% solution. 5 y  6
44. Let x be the number of quarts of the 10% acid y 1
solution and y be the number of quarts of the The mixture should contain 5 liters of the 30%
45% acid solution. solution and 1 liter of pure water.
The total number of quarts is 5, so our first
equation is x  y  5 . 48. a. i. 3000  0.05   150
The total amount of acid between the two The interest would be $150.
of acid in the mixture, so our second equation ii. 3000  0.10   300
is 0.10 x  0.45 y  0.31 5  . The interest would be $300.
The system is:
x y 5 b. i. No; from part (a), the minimum
0.10 x  0.45 y  0.31 5  amount of interest she will earn is
$150.
x y 5 ii. No; from part (a), the maximum
y  x  5 amount of interest she will earn is
Substitute  x  5 for y in the second equation $300.
and solve for x. iii. Yes; $180 is between the maximum
0.10 x  0.45   x  5   0.31 5  and minimum amount of interest she
0.10 x  0.45 x  2.25  1.55 can earn.
Let x be the amount invested at 5%
0.35 x  2.25  1.55
and y be the amount invested at 10%.
0.35 x  0.70 The total amount invested is $3000, so
x2 our first equation is x  y  3000 .
Substitute 2 for x in the equation y   x  5 The total interest after one year is
and solve for y. $180, so our second equation is
y    2  5  3 0.05 x  0.10 y  180 .

The system is: 54. Descriptions may vary.

x  y  3000 x y 8  y  x  8
0.05 x  0.10 y  180 0.35 x  0.55 y  0.40  8 
Solve the first equation for y: Substitute  x  8 for y in the second equation
x  y  3000 and solve for x.
y   x  3000 0.35 x  0.55   x  8   0.40  8 
Substitute  x  3000 for y in the 0.35 x  0.55 x  4.4  3.2
second equation and solve for x.
0.2 x  4.4  3.2
0.05 x  0.10   x  3000   180
0.2 x  1.2
0.05 x  0.10 x  300  180
x6
0.05 x  300  180 Substitute 6 for x in the equation y   x  8
0.05 x  120 and solve for y.
x  2400 y   6  8  2 .
Substitute 2400 for x in the equation
x  y  3000 and solve for y.
2400  y  3000
56. P  2L W 
y  600
P  2 L  2W
She should invest $2400 at 5% and
$600 at 10%. P  2 L  2W
P  2L P  2L
50. 7%  W or W 
2 2
Answers may vary. Example:
Let x be the amount invested in each account.
58. A  P 1  rt 
The interest earned after one year is
0.05 x  0.09 x  0.14 x . A P 1  rt 

Since the total amount invested is 2x dollars, 1  rt 1  rt 
the total interest earned as a percentage of the
total money invested will be: A A
 P or P 
0.14 x 1  rt 1  rt
 0.07 or 7%
2x
60. 3x  2 y  6
52. Descriptions may vary. y  2 x  11
x  y  500  y   x  500 Substitute 2 x  11 for y in the first equation
15 x  25 y  8300 and solve for x.
Substitute  x  500 for y in the second 3x  2  2 x  11  6
equation and solve for x. 3x  4 x  22  6
15 x  25   x  500   8300 7 x  22  6
15 x  25 x  12,500  8300 7 x  28
10 x  12,500  8300 x4
10 x  4200 Substitute 4 for x in the equation y  2 x  11
x  420 and solve for y.
Substitute 420 for x in the equation y  2  4   11  8  11  3
y   x  500 and solve for y.
The solution of the system is  4, 3 .
y    420   500  80
This is a system of linear equations in two
The solution is  420,80  . variables.

62. 3x  2 y  6 4. Check (2,1) :

x-intercept: 3x  2  0   6 3 y  4 x
3 1   4  2 
?
3x  6
x2 ?
3  8 false
The x-intercept is  2, 0  .
The ordered pair  2,1 does not satisfy the
y-intercept: 3  0   2 y  6 inequality.
2y  6 Check (3, 4) :
y3 3 y  4 x
The y-intercept is  0,3 . 3  4    4  3 
?
We plot the intercepts and connect them with a ?

12  12 true
line, extending the line in both directions.
y
The ordered pair  3, 4  satisfies the
5 inequality.
(0, 3)
Check (2, 1) :
(2, 0) 3 y  4 x
3  1   4  2 
?
x
 5
?
3  8 true
5 The ordered pair  2, 1 satisfies the
This is a linear equation in two variables. inequality.
Homework 6.6 6. The graph of y  2 x  4 is the region below

the line y  2 x  4 . We use a dashed line
2. Check (4, 1) :
along the border to indicate that the points on
y  3x  2 the line y  2 x  4 are not solutions of
1  3  4   2
?
y  2x  4 .
? y
1  12  2
5
?
1  10 true
The ordered pair  4, 1 satisfies the
inequality. x
 5
Check (4, 3) :
y  3 x  2 5
3  3  4   2
?
? 8. The graph of y  3x  4 is the line

3  12  2
y  3 x  4 and the region above that line.
?
3  14 false We use a solid line along the border to indicate
The ordered pair  4,3 does not satisfy the that the points on the line y  3 x  4 are
inequality. solutions of y  3 x  4 .
y
Check (2, 5) :
5
y  3 x  2
5   3  2   2
?
?
5  6  2  5
x
?
5  8 false
The ordered pair  2, 5  does not satisfy the 5
inequality.

2 16. First, we get y alone on one side of the

10. The graph of y  x  5 is the region above inequality.
3
y  3x  0
2
the line y  x  5 . We use a dashed line y  3 x
3
along the border to indicate that the points on The graph of y  3x is the line y  3x and
2 the region below the line. We use a solid line
the line y  x  5 are not solutions of along the border to indicate that the points on
3
the line y  3 x are solutions of y  3 x  0 .
2 y
y  x 5.
3 5
y
5
x
 5
x
 5
5
5 18. First, we get y alone on one side of the

inequality.
1 2x  y  3
12. The graph of y   x  3 is the line
2 y  2 x  3
1 The graph of y  2 x  3 is the line
y   x  3 and the region below that line.
2 y  2 x  3 and the region above that line.
We use a solid line along the border to indicate
1
that the points on the line y   x  3 are that the points on the line are solutions to
2 2x  y  3 .
1 y
solutions of y   x  3 .
2 5
y
5
x
 5
x
 5
5
5 20. First, we get y alone on one side of the

inequality.
14. The graph of y   x is the region below the x y 3
line y   x . We use a dashed line along the  y  x  3
border to indicate that the points on the line y  x3
y   x are not solutions of y   x .
y
The graph of y  x  3 is the region above the
5 line y  x  3 . We use a dashed line along the
border to indicate that the points on the line
are not solutions to x  y  3 .
y
x
 5 5
5
x
 5
5

22. First, we get y alone on one side of the along the border to indicate that the points on
inequality. the line are not solutions of 3x  4 y  12 .
5x  2 y  0 y
2 y  5 x 5
5
y x
2
x
5 5  5
The graph of y  x is the line y  x and
2 2
the region above that line. We use a solid line 5
the line are solutions to 5 x  2 y  0 . 28. The graph of y  2 is the region below the
y
horizontal line y  2 . We use a dashed line
5
the line are not solutions to y  2 .
y
x 5
 5
5
x
 5
24. First, we get y alone on one side of the
inequality.
5
2x  4 y  4
4 y  2 x  4 30. The graph of x  4 is the vertical line x  4
1 and the region to the left of that line. We use a
y   x 1
2 solid line along the border to indicate that the
1 points on the line are solutions to x  4 .
The graph of y   x  1 is the region above y
2
1 5
the line y   x  1 . We use a dashed line
2
the line are not solutions of 2 x  4 y  4 .  5
x
y
5
5
32. The graph of y  1 is the region above the

x
 5 horizontal line y  1 . We use a dashed line
5 the line are not solutions to y  1 .
y
26. First, we get y alone on one side of the 5
inequality.
3x  4 y  12
4 y  3 x  12 x
 5
3
y  x3
4 5
3
The graph of y  x  3 is the region below
4
3
the line y  x  3 . We use a dashed line
4

y
34. The graph of x  0 is the vertical line x  0
and the region to the right of that line. We use 5
a solid line along the border to indicate that the
points on the line are solutions to x  0 .
y
x
5  5
5
x
 5
4
40. First we sketch the graph of y  x  2 and
3
5
the graph of y   x  4 . The graph of
2 4 4
36. First we sketch the graph of y  x  1 and y x  2 is the line y  x  2 (graph the
3 3 3
4 line with a solid line) and the region below
the graph of y   x  2 . The graph of that line. The graph of y   x  4 is the region
3
2 2 above the line y   x  4 (graph the line with
y  x  1 is the line y  x  1 (graph the
3 3 a dashed line). The graph of the solution set of
line with a solid line) and the region below the the system is the intersection of the graphs of
the inequalities.
4
line. The graph of y   x  2 is the line y
3
5
4
y   x  2 (graph the line with a solid line)
3
and the region above that line. The graph of
x
the solution set of the system is the  5
intersection of the graphs of the inequalities.
y 5
5
42. First we sketch the graph of y  3 x  3 and the
1
x
graph of y   x  1 . The graph of
 5 4
y  3x  3 is the line y  3x  3 (graph the
5 line with a solid line) and the region below
1
that line. The graph of y   x  1 is the
38. First we sketch the graph of y  3x  5 and 4
2 1
the graph of y  x  3 . The graph of region below the line y   x  1 (graph the
5 4
y  3 x  5 is the region below the line line with a dashed line). The graph of the
solution set of the system is the intersection of
y  3 x  5 (graph the line with a dashed the graphs of the inequalities.
2 y
line). The graph of y  x  3 is the region
5 5
2
below the line y  x  3 (graph the line with
5
a dashed line). The graph of the solution set of x
 5
the system is the intersection of the graphs of
the inequalities.
5

44. First we sketch the graph of y  4 x  5 and 1

Next we sketch the graph of y  x  3 and
the graph of y   x  1 . The graph of 2
y  4 x  5 is the region above the line 1
the graph of y  2 x . The graph of y  x  3
y  4 x  5 (graph the line with a dashed 2
line). The graph of y   x  1 is the line 1
is the region above the line y  x  3 (graph
y   x  1 (graph the line with a solid line) 2
the line with a dashed line). The graph of
and the region below that line. The graph of
the solution set of the system is the y  2 x is the line y  2 x (graph the line with
intersection of the graphs of the inequalities. a solid line), and the region above that line.
y The graph of the solution set of the system is
the intersection of the graphs of the
5
inequalities.
y
5
x
 5
5 x
 5
1
46. First we sketch the graph of y   x and the 5
2
4 1 50. First we get y alone on one side of each
graph of y  x . The graph of y   x is
3 2 inequality.
1 x  y 1 3x  y  2
the line y   x (graph the line with a solid
2 y  x 1  y  3x  2
line) and the region below that line. The graph y  3x  2
4 Next we sketch the graph of y   x  1 and
of y  x is the region below the line
3 the graph of y  3 x  2 . The graph of
4
y  x (graph the line with a dashed line). y   x  1 is the region below the line
3
y   x  1 (graph the line with a dashed line).
The graph of the solution set of the system is
the intersection of the graphs of the The graph of y  3x  2 is the line y  3x  2
inequalities. (graph the line with a solid line) and the region
y below the line. The graph of the solution set of
5
the inequalities.
y
5
x
 5
5 x
 5
48. First we get y alone on one side of each

inequality. 5
x  2y  6 3y  6x
2 y   x  6 y  2x 52. First we get y alone on one side of each
inequality.
1 3x  4 y  4 5x  2 y  2
y  x3
2 4 y  3x  4 2 y  5 x  2
3 5
y  x 1 y  x 1
4 2

3 The graph of x  5 is the vertical line

Next we sketch the graph of y  x  1 and x  5 (graph the line with a solid line) and
4
5 the region to the right of that line. The graph
the graph of y  x  1 . The graph of of the solution set of the system is the
2 intersection of the graphs of the inequalities.
3 3
y  x  1 is the line y  x  1 (graph the y
4 4
5
line with a solid line) and the region below
5
that line. The graph of y  x  1 is the region
2
x
5  5
above the line y  x  1 (graph the line with
2
a dashed line). The graph of the solution set of 5
the inequalities. 58. First we get y alone on one side of each of the
y first two inequalities.
5 3x  4 y  16 3x  4 y  8
4 y  3 x  16 4 y  3 x  8
3 3
y   x4 y   x2
x 4 4
 5
3
Next, we sketch the graph of y   x  4 ,
5 4
3
the graph of y   x  2 , the graph of x  1 ,
54. First we sketch the graph of y  2 and the 4
graph of x  1 . The graph of y  2 is the and the graph of x  4 . The graph of
horizontal line y  2 and the region above 3 3
y   x  4 is the line y   x  4 (graph
that line (graph the line with a solid line). The 4 4
graph of x  1 is the region to the left of the the line with a solid line) and the region below
vertical line x  1 (graph the line with a 3
that line. The graph of y   x  2 is the line
dashed line). The graph of the solution set of 4
the system is the intersection of the graphs of 3
y   x  2 (graph the line with a solid line)
the inequalities. 4
y and the region above that line. The graph of
5 x  1 is the vertical line x  1 (graph the line
with a solid line) and the region to the right of
that line. The graph of x  4 is the vertical
x
line x  4 (graph the line with a solid line)
 5 and the region to the left of that line. The
graph of the solution set of the system is the
5 intersection of the graphs of the inequalities.
y
56. First we sketch the graph of y  1 , the graph 5
of y  4 , the graph of x  2 , and the graph
of x  5 . The graph of y  1 is the
horizontal line y  1 (graph the line with a  5
x
solid line) and the region below that line. The

graph of y  4 is the horizontal line y  4 5
(graph the line with a solid line) and the region
above that line. The graph of x  2 is the
vertical line x  2 (graph the line with a solid
line) and the region to the left of that line.

60. a. We are given equations for the upper and From the graph, we can see the y-intercept is
lower limits on H and we know that the the  0,1 , the
number of dog years is between 10 and 20,
inclusive. The system is: x-intercept is 1, 0  , and so the slope is
H  5.4d  12.3 1
m  1 . Therefore, the equation of the
H  4.5d  15.5 1
d  10 border line is y   x  1 . The shaded region is
below the dashed line and above the solid line.
d  20
Therefore, the system of inequalities is:
b. First we sketch the graph of y2
H  5.4d  12.3 , the graph of y  x 1
H  4.5d  15.3 , the graph of d  10 , and
the graph of d  20 . The graph of 64. The student is incorrect. The graph of
H  5.4d  12.3 is the line y  3 x  1 is the line y  3x  1 and the region
H  5.4d  12.3 (graph the line with a below the line y  3x  1 .
solid line) and the region below that line.
The graph of H  4.5d  15.3 is the line 66. a. Answers may vary.
H  4.5d  15.3 (graph the line with a b. Answers may vary.
solid line) and the region above that line.
The graph of d  10 is the vertical line c. Answers may vary.
d  10 (graph the line with a solid line)
and the region to the right of that line. The d. Answers may vary.
graph of d  20 is the vertical line d  20
(graph the line with a solid line) and the 68. Answers may vary. Examples:
region to the left of that line. The graph of Solutions: 1,3 ,  3,5  ,  0, 0 
the solution set of the system is the Non solutions:  4, 2  ,  4, 4  ,  1, 7 
intersection of the graphs of the
inequalities. 70. Answers may vary. Example:
H The line represents the “equal to” part of the
160 “greater than or equal to” inequality.
Human Years
80
74. 3x  4 y  4
10 20 d x-intercept: 3x  4  0   4
Dog Years 3x  4
c. Lower limit: 4
x
H  4.5 15   15.3  67.5  15.3  82.8 3
Upper limit:  
The x-intercept is 43 , 0 .
w  5.4 15   12.3  93.3 y-intercept: 3  0   4 y  4
The numbers of human years are between 4 y  4
82.8 years and 93.3 years, inclusive.
y  1
62. First we find the equation of the dashed line. The y-intercept is  0, 1 .
From the graph we see the line is horizontal
We plot the intercepts and connect them with a
and passes through the point  0, 2  . Therefore, line, extending the line in both directions.
the equation of the line is y  2 . Next we find
the equation of the solid line.

y
The graph of y   12 x  4 is the region below
5
the line y   12 x  4 (graph the line with a
dashed line). The graph of the solution set of
 5
x the system is the intersection of the graphs of
the inequalities.
y
5
5
76. 3x  4 y  4
4 y  3 x  4
x
3  5
y  x 1
4
The graph of 3x  4 y  4 is the region below 5
the line 3 x  4 y  4 (see problem 72). We use
82. 3x  4 y  4 Equation (1)
a dashed line to indicate that the points on the
line are not solutions of 3 x  4 y  4 . x  2 y  8 Equation (2)
y To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both
5 3x  4 y  4
2 x  4 y  16
x
 5 absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
5 and solve for x.
3x  4 y  4
78. 3x  4  4 2 x  4 y  16
3x  8 5 x  20
x  83 x4

In interval notation, the solution set is 83 ,  .  Substitute 4 for x in equation (2) and solve for
y.
8
 4  2 y  8

3 2y  4
y2
80. First we get y alone on one side of each
inequality. The solution is  4, 2  .
3x  4 y  4 x  2y  8
4 y  3 x  4 2 y  x  8
y  34 x  1 y   12 x  4 86. Answers may vary.
Next we sketch the graph of y  34 x  1 and 88. Answers may vary.
the graph of y   12 x  4 . The graph of
y  34 x  1 is the region below the line
y  34 x  1 (graph the line with a dashed line).

Chapter 6 Review 4. 4 x  y  3
 3 x  y  4
1. y  2 x  3
y  3 x  7 slope–intercept form.
To begin, we graph both equations in the same 4x  y  3 3x  y  4
coordinate system. y  4 x  3 y  3x  4
y
5 y  2x  3 coordinate system.
y
(2, 1) 5 3x  y  4
x
 5
y  3 x  7 x
5  (1, 1) 5
The intersection point is  2,1 . So, the

5 4x  y  3
solution is the ordered pair  2,1 .
The intersection point is 1, 1 . So, the
3
2. y  x  4 solution is the ordered pair 1, 1 .
2
1 5.  x  y  4
y  x4
2 2 x  y  5
coordinate system. To begin, we rewrite each equation in
y
3 x  y  4 2 x  y  5
5 y x4
2 y  x4 y  2 x  5
coordinate system.
x
 (4, 2) 5 y
1 5
y   x4 x  y  4
5 2
( 3, 1)
The intersection point is  4, 2  . So, the x
 5
solution is the ordered pair  4, 2  .
2 x  y  5
5
2
3. y  x
5 The intersection point is  3,1 . So, the
y  2 x
solution is the ordered pair  3,1 .
coordinate system.
y 6. x  3 y  3
5 2 x  3 y  12
2
y x To begin, we rewrite each equation in
5
(0, 0) slope–intercept form.
x  3y  3 2 x  3 y  12
x
 5 3 y   x  3 3 y  2 x  12
1 2
y  2 x
y  x 1 y  x4
5 3 3
The intersection point is  0, 0  . So, the coordinate system.
solution is the ordered pair  0, 0  .

y
Substitute 0 for x in the equation y  2 x and
5 solve for y.
x  3y  3 y  2  0  0
x The solution is  0, 0  .
 5
(3, 2) 10. y  3  x  2 
5 2 x  3 y  12
y  4  x  5
The intersection point is  3, 2  . So, the Substitute 4  x  5  for y in the first equation
solution is the ordered pair  3, 2  . and solve for x.
4  x  5   3  x  2 
7. 3x  2 y  11 4 x  20  3x  6
y  5 x  16 7 x  20  6
Substitute 5 x  16 for y in the first equation 7 x  14
and solve for x. x2
3x  2  5 x  16   11 Substitute 2 for x in the equation y  4  x  5 
3 x  10 x  32  11 and solve for y.
7 x  32  11 y  4  2  5   4  3  12
7 x  21
x3
11. x  y  1
and solve for y. 2x  y  4
y  5  3  16  1
The solution is  3, 1 . x  y  1
y  x 1
8. 4 x  3 y  5  0 Substitute  x  1 for y in the second equation
x  4  2y and solve for x.
Substitute 4  2 y for x in the first equation 2 x    x  1  4
and solve for y. 2x  x  1  4
4 4  2 y  3y  5  0 3x  1  4
16  8 y  3 y  5  0 3x  3
11 y  11  0 x 1
11y  11 Substitute 1 for x in the equation y   x  1
y 1 and solve for y.
Substitute 1 for y in the equation x  4  2 y y   1  1  2
and solve for x. The solution is 1, 2  .
x  4  2 1  4  2  2
The solution is  2,1 . 12. x  2y  5
4 x  2 y  4
9. y  5 x Solve the first equation for x.
y  2x x  2y  5
x  2 y  5
Substitute 2x for y in the first equation and
solve for x. Substitute 2 y  5 for x in the second
2 x  5 x equation and solve for y.
7x  0 4  2 y  5   2 y  4
x0 8 y  20  2 y  4
6 y  20  4
6 y  24
y4

Substitute 4 for y in the equation x  2 y  5 Substitute 2 for y in equation (1) and solve for
and solve for x. x.
x  2  4   5  8  5  3 x  2  2   1
x  4  1
x3
13. y  2.19 x  3.51
y  1.54 x  6.22
16. 2 x  5 y  3 Equation (1)
Substitute 1.54 x  6.22 for y in the first
4 x  3 y  19 Equation (2)
1.54 x  6.22  2.19 x  3.51 To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both
3.73x  6.22  3.51 sides of equation (1) by 2 , yielding the
3.73 x  9.73 system:
4 x  10 y  6
9.73
x  2.609 4 x  3 y  19
3.73
Substitute 2.609 for x in the equation The coefficients of the x terms are equal in
y  1.54 x  6.22 and solve for y. absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
y  1.54  2.609   6.22  2.202 and solve for y.
The approximate solution is  2.61, 2.20  . 4 x  10 y  6
4 x  3 y  19
14. y  4.98 x  1.18 13 y  13
y  0.57 x  4.08 y  1
Substitute 0.57 x  4.08 for y in the first Substitute 1 for y in equation (1) and solve
equation and solve for x. for x.
0.57 x  4.08  4.98 x  1.18 2 x  5  1  3
4.41x  4.08  1.18 2 x  5  3
4.41x  5.26 2 x  8
5.26 x  4
x  1.193
4.41 The solution is  4, 1 .
Substitute 1.193 for x in the equation
y  0.57 x  4.08 and solve for y. 17. 3 x  8 y  2 Equation (1)
y  0.57  1.193  4.08  4.760 5 x  2 y  12 Equation (2)
The approximate solution is  1.19, 4.76  . To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both
3x  8 y  2
15. x  2 y  1 Equation (1)
20 x  8 y  48
3x  5 y  19 Equation (2)
To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
sides of equation (1) by 3 , yielding the left sides and the right sides of the equations
system: and solve for x.
3x  6 y  3 3x  8 y  2
3 x  5 y  19 20 x  8 y  48
23x  46
x  2
and solve for y. Substitute 2 for x in equation (2) and solve
3x  6 y  3 for y.
3 x  5 y  19 5  2   2 y  12
11 y  22 10  2 y  12
2 y  2
y2
y 1
The solution is  2,1 .

18. 4 x  3 y  6 Equation (1) 20. y  3x  5  3x  y  5 Equation (1)

7 x  5 y  11 Equation (2) y  2 x  5  2 x  y  5 Equation (2)
To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both The coefficients of the y terms are equal in
sides of equation (1) by 5 and both sides of absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
equation (2) by 3, yielding the system: left sides and the right sides of the equations
20 x  15 y  30 and solve for x.
21x  15 y  33 3x  y  5
The coefficients of the y terms are equal in 2x  y  5
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the 5 x  10
left sides and the right sides of the equations x2
and solve for x. Substitute 2 for x in equation (2) and solve for
20 x  15 y  30 y.
21x  15 y  33 y  2  2   5  4  5  1
x  3
x  3
for y. 21. 2  x  3  y  6
4  3  3 y  6 x  3  y  2   1
12  3 y  6 Begin by writing each equation in standard
3 y  6 form.
y  2 2  x  3  y  6 x  3  y  2   1
The solution is  3, 2  . 2x  6  y  6 x  3 y  6  1
2x  y  0 x  3 y  7
19. 2 x  5 y  2 Equation (1) This yields the system:
3 x  6 y  0 Equation (2) 2x  y  0 Equation (1)
x  3 y  7 Equation (2)
sides of equation (1) by 3 and both sides of To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both
equation (2) by 2, yielding the system: sides of equation (1) by 3, yielding the system:
6 x  15 y  6 6x  3y  0
6 x  12 y  0 x  3 y  7
The coefficients of the x terms are equal in The coefficients of the y terms are equal in
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
left sides and the right sides of the equations left sides and the right sides of the equations
and solve for y. and solve for x.
6 x  15 y  6 6x  3y  0
6 x  12 y  0 x  3 y  7
 3y  6 7 x  7
y  2 x  1
Substitute 2 for y in equation (2) and solve
for y.
for x.
2  1  y  0
3x  6  2   0
2  y  0
3 x  12  0
y2
3 x  12
x4 The solution is  1, 2  .

1 2 5 24. y  0.91x  3.57  0.91x  y  3.57 Eq. (1)

22. x y  Equation (1)
2 3 3 y  3.58 x  6.05  3.58 x  y  6.05 Eq. (2)
1 3 13 The coefficients of the y terms are equal in
x y Equation (2)
3 2 6 absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
To eliminate the x terms (and clear fractions), left sides and the right sides of the equations
we multiply both sides of equation (1) by 12 and solve for x.
and both sides of equation (2) by 18, yielding 0.91x  y  3.57
the system: 3.58 x  y  6.05
6 x  8 y  20 4.49 x  9.62
6 x  27 y  39 9.62
The coefficients of the x terms are equal in x  2.143
4.49
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the Substitute 2.143 for x in equation (1) and solve
left sides and the right sides of the equations for y.
and solve for y.
y  0.91 2.143  3.57  1.620
6 x  8 y  20
6 x  27 y  39 The approximate solution is  2.14, 1.62  .
19 y  19
y 1 25. 2 x  7 y  13 Equation (1)
Substitute 1 for y in equation (2) and solve for 5 x  3 y  12 Equation (2)
y. To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both
1 3 13 sides of equation (1) by 5 and both sides of
x  1   equation (2) by 2 , yielding the system:
3 2 6
1 3 13 10 x  35 y  65
x  10 x  6 y  24
3 2 6
1 13 9 The coefficients of the x terms are equal in
x  absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
3 6 6
1 4 left sides and the right sides of the equations
x and solve for y.
3 6
4 10 x  35 y  65
x    2 10 x  6 y  24
2
The solution is  2,1 .  41 y  41
y 1
23. y  4.59 x  1.25  4.59 x  y  1.25 Eq. (1) Substitute 1 for y in equation (1) and solve for
x.
y  0.52 x  4.39 0.52 x  y  4.39 Eq. (2)
2 x  7 1  13
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the 2 x  7  13
left sides and the right sides of the equations 2 x  6
and solve for x. x  3
4.59 x  y  1.25 The solution is  3,1 .
0.52 x  y  4.39
4.07 x  3.14 26. 4 x  7 y  8
3.14 x  3  2y
x  0.771
4.07 Substitute 3  2 y for x in the first equation
Substitute 0.771 for x in equation (1) and solve and solve for y.
for y. 4 3  2 y   7 y  8
y  4.59  0.771  1.25  4.789 12  8 y  7 y  8
The approximate solution is  0.77, 4.79  . 12  y  8
 y  4
y4

Substitute 4 for y in the equation x  3  2 y

4 x  5   x  4   6
3
and solve for x.  2 
x  3  2  4   3  8  5 15
4 x  x  20  6
2
The solution is  5, 4  . 7
 x  20  6
2
27. 3 x  7 y  6 Equation (1) 7
 x  14
6 x  2 y  12 Equation (2) 2
x  4
To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both Substitute 4 for x in the equation
6 x  14 y  12 y   3 x  4 and solve for y.
2
6 x  2 y  12 3
The coefficients of the x terms are equal in y  4   4  6  4  2
2
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the The solution is  4, 2  .
and solve for y.
6 x  14 y  12 30. y  x2
6 x  2 y  12 3x  5 y  30  0
Substitute x  2 for y in the second equation
16 y  0
and solve for x.
y0
3x  5  x  2   30  0
x. 3x  5 x  10  30  0
8 x  40  0
3x  7  0   6
8 x  40
3x  6
x5
x  2
Substitute 5 for x in the equation y  x  2
and solve for y.
y 52 3
28. y   x  7
y  2x  5 The solution is  5, 3 .
Substitute 2 x  5 for y in the first equation
and solve for x. 31. 2 x  3 y  0 Equation (1)
2x  5  x  7 5 x  7 y  1 Equation (2)
3x  5  7 To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both
3 x  12 sides of equation (1) by 5 and both sides of
x4 equation (2) by 2 , yielding the system:
Substitute 4 for x in the equation y  2 x  5 10 x  15 y  0
10 x  14 y  2
and solve for y.
y  2  4  5  8  5  3
The solution is  4, 3 . left sides and the right sides of the equations
and solve for y.
29. 4 x  5 y  6 10 x  15 y  0
2 y  3x  8 10 x  14 y  2
Solve the second equation for y. y  2
2 y  3 x  8 y  2
3 Substitute 2 for y in equation (1) and solve
y  x4
2 for x.
3 2 x  3  2   0
Substitute  x  4 for y in the first equation
2 2x  6  0
and solve for x. 2 x  6
x  3
The solution is  3, 2  .

32. 2  4 x  3  5 y  12 34. y  4 x  3  4 x  y  3 Eq. (1)

5  3 x  1  2 y  6 8x  2 y  6  8 x  2 y  6 Eq. (2)
Begin by writing each equation in standard To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both
form. sides of equation (1) by 2 , yielding the
system:
2  4 x  3  5 y  12 5  3 x  1  2 y  6
8 x  2 y  6
8 x  6  5 y  12 15 x  5  2 y  6 8x  2 y  6
8 x  5 y  18 15 x  2 y  11
This yields the system: absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the
8 x  5 y  18 Equation (1) left sides and the right sides of the equations
15 x  2 y  11 Equation (2) and solve for y.
To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both 8 x  2 y  6
sides of equation (1) by 2 and both sides of 8x  2 y  6
equation (2) by 5, yielding the system: 0  0 true
16 x  10 y  36
75 x  10 y  55
a  a . Therefore, the system is dependent.
The coefficients of the y terms are equal in The solution set is the infinite set of ordered
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the pairs that satisfy the equation y  4 x  3 .
and solve for x.
16 x  10 y  36 35. a. Answers may vary. Example: 1, 5 
75 x  10 y  55
91x  91 b. Answers may vary. Example: 1, 0 
x 1
Substitute 1 for x in equation (2) and solve for c. Answers may vary. Example: 1,1
y.
15 1  2 y  11 d. A point that satisfies both equations would
be a solution of the system:
15  2 y  11
y  2 x  7
2 y  4
y  3x  3
y  2
Substitute 3x  3 for y in the first equation
The solution is 1, 2  . and solve for x.
3 x  3  2 x  7
33. 2x  6 y  4 Equation (1) 5x  3  7
3 x  9 y  3 Equation (2) 5 x  10
To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both x2
sides of equation (1) by 3 and both sides of Substitute 2 for x in the equation
equation (2) by 2, yielding the system: y  3x  3 and solve for y.
6 x  18 y  12 y  3  2  3  6  3  3
6 x  18 y  6
The coefficients of the x terms are equal in The solution of the system is  2, 3 .
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the Therefore, an ordered pair that satisfies
left sides and the right sides of the equations both equations is  2, 3 .
and solve for y.
6 x  18 y  12 36. We can start by writing equations for the two
6 x  18 y  6 lines.
0  6 false Red Line:
The result is a false statement. Therefore, the Examining the graph, it appears that the points
system is inconsistent. The solution set is the  1, 3 and  4, 5 are on the graph.
empty set,  . 53 2
m 
4   1 5

y  y1  m  x  x1  Table 38:
2 The input x  0 yields the output y  5 , so
y  5   x  4
5 the y-intercept is  0, 5  .
2 8 85 3
y 5 x m   3 , so the slope is 3.
5 5 1 0 1
2 17 The second equation is y  3x  5 .
y x
5 5
Now we solve the system:
Blue Line: y  2 x  75
Examining the graph, it appears that the points
y  3x  5
 2, 3 and  2, 2  are on the graph. Substitute 3x  5 for y in the first equation
23 1 1 and solve for x.
m  
2   2  4 4 3 x  5  2 x  75
y  y1  m  x  x1  5 x  5  75
5 x  70
1
y  2    x  2 x  14
4 Substitute 14 for x in the equation y  3x  5
1 1
y2 x and solve for y.
4 2
1 5 y  3 14   5  42  5  47
y  x
4 2 The solution is 14, 47  .
Using the two equations, we get the system:
2 17 38. 3x  4 y  15
y  x
5 5 2 y  5 x  11
1 5 Graphing by hand:
y  x
4 2 Begin by writing each equation in
1 5 slope–intercept form.
Substitute  x  for y in the first equation 3x  4 y  15 2 y  5 x  11
4 2
and solve for x. 4 y  3 x  15 5 11
y  x
1 5 2 17 3 15 2 2
 x  x y  x
4 2 5 5 4 4
13 5 17 Next we graph both equations in the same
 x  coordinate system.
20 2 5
13 9 y
 x
20 10 5
18 (1, 3)
x    1.385
13
3x  4 y  15
Substitute 1.385 for x in the equation x
1 5  5
y   x  and solve for y.
4 2
1 5 5 2 y  5 x  11
y    1.385    2.846
4 2 The intersection point is 1, 3 . So, the ordered
The approximate solution is  1.4, 2.8  .
pair 1, 3 is the solution.
37. We begin by finding the equations for each Substitution:
table. 3x  4 y  15
Table 37: 2 y  5 x  11
The input x  0 yields the output y  75 , so Solve the second equation for y.
the y-intercept is  0, 75  . 2 y  5 x  11
5 11
73  75 2 y  x
m   2 , so the slope is 2 . 2 2
1 0 1
The first equation is y  2 x  75 .

5 11 39. a. Start by creating a scattergram of the data.

Substitute  x  for y in the first equation
2 2
and solve for x.
 5 11 
3x  4   x    15
 2 2
3 x  10 x  22  15 The data appear fairly linear so we use the
7 x  22  15 regression feature of a graphing utility to
7 x  7 obtain the line of best fit.
x 1
Substitute 1 for x in the equation
5 11
y  x and solve for y.
2 2
5 11 6
y   1    3 A reasonable model for the data is
2 2 2
n  0.87t  19.75 .
The solution is 1, 3 .
Elimination: b. Start by creating a scattergram of the data.
3x  4 y  15
2 y  5 x  11
Start by writing both equations in standard
form.
3 x  4 y  15 2 y  5 x  11
5 x  2 y  11 The data appear fairly linear so we use the
This yields the system:
3 x  4 y  15 Equation (1)
5 x  2 y  11 Equation (2)
system:
3x  4 y  15 A reasonable model for the data is
10 x  4 y  22 n  0.24t  7.26 .
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the c. To estimate when the number of vehicles
left sides and the right sides of the equations entering the United States by crossing the
and solve for x. southern border will equal the number of
3x  4 y  15 vehicles entering the United States by
10 x  4 y  22 crossing the northern border, we solve the
system:
 7 x  7 n  0.87t  19.75
x 1 n  0.24t  7.26
Substitute 1 for x in equation (1) and solve for Substitute 0.24t  7.26 for n in the first
y. equation and solve for t.
3 1  4 y  15 0.24t  7.26  0.87t  19.75
3  4 y  15 0.63t  7.26  19.75
4 y  12 0.63t  12.49
y3 12.49
t  19.83
The solution is 1, 3 . 0.63
Preference may vary. Substitute 19.83 for t in the equation
n  0.24t  7.26 and solve for n.
n  0.24(19.83)  7.26  2.50
19.83, 2.50  .

According to the models, the number of e. The employed model’s slope is 1.5 . The
vehicles entering the United States by unemployed model’s slope is 1.5. The
crossing the southern border will equal the slopes are equal in absolute value, but
number of vehicles entering the United opposite in sign.
States by crossing the northern border Answers may vary. Example:
(2.5 million) in 2020. Since there are only two possible
employment statuses, any increase in the
40. a. Since the percentage of youths (ages 16– percentage of one status must correspond
24) who were employed decreases by 1.5 to an equal decrease in the other status.
percentage points each year, we can model Therefore, it makes sense that the slopes
the situation by a linear equation. The (average rate of change) are equal in
slope is 1.5 percentage points per year. absolute value, but opposite in sign.
Since the percentage of youths (ages 16–
24) who were employed was 47.6% in 41. Let L be the length of the rectangle in feet and
2010, the p-intercept is  0, 47.6  . So, a W be the width of the rectangle in feet.
L  3W  2 P  2 L  2W
reasonable model is p  1.5t  47.6 .
44  2 L  2W
To determine the dimensions of the rectangle,
b. By the same reasoning as in part (a), the
we solve the system:
model is p  1.5t  52.4 .
L  3W  2
44  2 L  2W
c. p  1.5t  47.6
Substitute 3W  2 for L in the second
p  1.5t  52.4
equation and solve for w.
Substitute 1.5t  52.4 for p in the first 44  2  3W  2   2W
44  8W  4
1.5t  52.4  1.5t  47.6
40  8W
3.0t  52.4  47.6
5 W
3.0t  4.8
Substitute 5 for W in the equation L  3W  2
4.8
t  1.6 and solve for L.
3.0
L  3  5   2  17
Substitute 1.6 for t in the equation
p  1.5t  52.4 and solve for p. The width of the rectangle is 5 feet and the
length is 17 feet.
p  1.5(1.6)  52.4  50
The solution of the system is  1.6, 50  . 42. Let x be the number of $22 tickets and y be the
number of $39 tickets.
According to the models, the percentage of
There are a total of 8000 tickets, so our first
youths who were employed was equal to
the percentage of youths who were
unemployed (50% each) in 2008. The total revenue is $201,500. The revenue for
each ticket type is obtained by multiplying the
d. When the percent of unemployed equals ticket price by the number of tickets sold at
the percent of employed, the percentage of that price. Therefore, our second equation is
each will be 50%. Substitute 50 for p in the 22 x  39 y  201, 500
equation p  1.5t  52.4 and solve for t. The system is:
50  1.5t  52.4 x  y  8000 Equation (1)
2.4  1.5t 22 x  39 y  201, 500 Equation (2)
2.4 To eliminate the x terms, multiply both sides
t
1.5 of equation (1) by 22 , yielding the system:
1.6  t 22 x  22 y  176, 000
The percentage of youths who were 22 x  39 y  201, 500
employed was equal to the percentage of Add the left sides and right sides and solve for
youths who were unemployed (50% each) y.
in 2008. This is the same result as the
result from part (c).

22 x  22 y  176, 000

22 x  39 y  201, 500
17 y  25, 500
y  1500
Substitute 1500 for y in equation (1) and solve
for x.
x  1500   8000 46. First, we get y alone on one side of the
x  6500 inequality.
The theater should sell 6500 of the $22 tickets 2 y  5x  0
and 1500 of the $39 tickets. 2 y  5x
5
43. The graph of y  3 x  5 is the line y  3 x  5 y x
2
and the region below that line. We use a solid
5
line along the border to indicate that the points The graph of y  x is the region below that
on the line y  3x  5 are solutions of 2
5
y  3x  5 . line y  x . We use a dashed line along the
2
border to indicate that the points on the line
5
y  x are not solutions of 2 y  5 x  0 .
2
44. The graph of y  2 x  4 is the line

y  2 x  4 and the region above that line.
that the points on the line y  2 x  4 are 47. x  3
solutions of y  2 x  4 . The graph of x  3 is the vertical line x  3
and the region to the right of that line. We use
a solid line to indicate that the points on the
line x  3 are solutions of x  3 .
45. First, we get y alone on one side of the

inequality.
3x  2 y  4
2 y  3x  4 48. y  2
3 The graph of y  2 is the region below the
y  x2
2 horizontal line y  2 . We use a dashed line
3 to indicate that the points on the line y  2
The graph of y  x  2 is the region below
2 are not solutions of y  2 .
3
that line y  x  2 . We use a dashed line
2
3
the line y  x  2 are not solutions of
2
3x  2 y  4 .

49. First we sketch the graph of y  x  1 and the 3 3

The graph of y   x is the line y   x
graph of y  2 x  5 . The graph of y  x  1 5 5
is the region above the line y  x  1 (graph (graph the line with a solid line) and the region
below that line. The graph of the solution set
the line with a dashed line). The graph of
of the system is the intersection of the graphs
y  2 x  5 is the line y  2 x  5 (graph the
of the inequalities.
line with a solid line) and the region below
that line. The graph of the solution set of the
system is the intersection of the graphs of the
inequalities.
52. First we sketch the graph of x  2 and the

graph of y  1 . The graph of x  2 is the
region to the right of the vertical line x  2
3 (graph the line with a dashed line). The graph
50. First we sketch the graph of y  x  1 and of y  1 is the line y  1 (graph the line
5
3 with a solid line) and the region below that
the graph of x  1 . The graph of y  x  1 line. The graph of the solution set of the
5 system is the intersection of the graphs of the
3 inequalities.
is the line y  x  1 (graph the line with a
5
solid line) and the region above the line. The
graph of x  1 is the region to the left of the
vertical line x  1 (graph the line with a
dashed line). The graph of the solution set of
the inequalities.
53. a. We are given equations for the upper and
lower limits on w and we know that the
height is between 58 and 74 inches,
inclusive. The system is:
w  3h  54
w  3h  68
h  58
51. First we get y alone on one side of each h  74
inequality.
3x  4 y  12 5 y  3 x b. First we sketch the graph of w  3h  54 ,
4 y  3 x  12 3 the graph of w  3h  68 , the graph of
y x
3 5 h  58 , and the graph of h  74 . The
y  x 3
4 graph of w  3h  54 is the line
3 w  3h  54 (graph the line with a solid
Next we sketch the graph of y  x  3 and
4 line) and the region below that line. The
3 graph of w  3h  68 is the line
the graph of y   x . The graph of
5 w  3h  68 (graph the line with a solid
3 3 line) and the region above that line. The
y  x  3 is the line y  x  3 (graph the
4 4 graph of h  58 is the vertical line h  58
line with a solid line) and the region below (graph the line with a solid line) and the
that line. region to the right of that line.

The graph of h  74 is the vertical line 2

2. y x4
h  74 (graph the line with a solid line) 3
and the region to the left of that line. The 3x  4 y  2
graph of the solution set of the system is To begin, write both equations in
the intersection of the graphs of the slope–intercept form.
inequalities. 2
y  x4 3x  4 y  2
3 4 y  3 x  2
3 1
y  x
4 2
The intersection point is approximately

c. Upper limit:  3.176,1.882  , so the approximate solution
w  3  70   54  210  54  156 of the system is  3.18,1.88  .
Lower limit:
w  3  70   68  210  68  142 3. 5 x  2 y  4
The ideal weights are approximately y  3x  1
between 142 pounds and 156 pounds, Substitute 3 x  1 for y in the first equation and
inclusive. solve for x.
5 x  2  3x  1  4
54. Answers may vary. Examples:
5x  6 x  2  4
Solutions:  2, 1 ,  5,1 , 10, 5 
x  2  4
Non-solutions:  0, 0  , 1, 2  ,  3, 2  x  2
x  2
Chapter 6 Test Substitute 2 for x in the equation y  3x  1
and solve for y.
2
1. y   x  1 y  3  2   1  6  1  7
5
y  2 x  7 The solution is  2, 7  .
coordinate system. 4. 3x  4 y  9
y x  2 y  7
5 y  2 x  7 Solve the second equation for x.
x  2 y  7
2
y   x 1 x  2y  7
5
x
Substitute 2 y  7 for x in the first equation
 5
and solve for y.
( 5, 3) 32 y  7  4 y  9
5 6 y  21  4 y  9
10 y  21  9
The intersection point is  5, 3 . So, the
10 y  30
solution is the ordered pair  5, 3 . y3
Substitute 3 for y in the equation x  2 y  7
and solve for x.
x  2  3  7  6  7  1
The solution is  1, 3 .

5. 7 x  2 y  8 Equation (1) 7. 3x  5 y  21

5 x  4 y  2 Equation (2) x  22  y
To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both Substitute 2  2  y  for x in the first equation
14 x  4 y  16 and solve for y.
5 x  4 y  2 3  2  2  y    5 y  21
The coefficients of the y terms are equal in 3  4  2 y   5 y  21
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the 12  6 y  5 y  21
left sides and the right sides of the equations 12  11 y  21
and solve for x. 11 y  33
14 x  4 y  16 y3
5 x  4 y  2
Substitute 3 for y in the equation x  2  2  y 
9 x  18
and solve for x.
x2
x  2  2  3  2  1  2
Substitute 2 for x in equation (2) and solve for
y. The solution is  2, 3 .
5  2   4 y  2
10  4 y  2 8. 2 x  3 y  4 Equation (1)
4 y  12 4 x  6 y  8 Equation (2)
y  3 To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both
The solution is  2, 3 . sides of equation (1) by 2, yielding the system:
4x  6 y  8
4 x  6 y  8
6. 2 x  5 y  18 Equation (1)
3x  4 y  4 Equation (2) The coefficients of the x terms are equal in
To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both left sides and the right sides of the equations
sides of equation (1) by 3 and both sides of and solve for y.
equation (2) by 2 , yielding the system:
4x  6 y  8
6 x  15 y  54
4 x  6 y  8
6 x  8 y  8
0  0 true
a  a . Therefore, the system is dependent.
and solve for y. The solution set is the infinite set of ordered
pairs that satisfy the equation 2 x  3 y  4 .
6 x  15 y  54
6 x  8 y  8
9. x  2y  3
 23 y  46 3x  6 y  12
y2
Substitute 2 y  3 for x in the second equation
and solve for y.
x.
3  2 y  3  6 y  12
3 x  4  2   4
6 y  9  6 y  12
3 x  8  4
9  12 false
3x  12
The result is a false statement. Therefore, the
x  4
system is inconsistent. The solution set is the
The solution is  4, 2  . empty set,  .
10. 4x  7 y  6 Equation (1)

5 x  2 y  21 Equation (2)

20 x  35 y  30 13. We can start by writing equations for the two

20 x  8 y  84 lines.
The coefficients of the x terms are equal in Blue Line:
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the Examining the graph, the line crosses the
left sides and the right sides of the equations y-axis at the point  0,1 , so the y-intercept is
and solve for y.
 0,1 . The point  6, 2  also appears to be on
20 x  35 y  30
20 x  8 y  84 2 1 1
the graph, so m   . The equation of
60 6
 27 y  54
1
y2 the line is y  x 1 .
6
Red Line:
x.
Examining the graph, the line crosses the
4x  7  2  6
y-axis at the point  0, 3 , so the y-intercept is
4 x  14  6
4 x  20  0, 3 .
x5 The point  3, 2  also appears to be on the
The solution is  5, 2  . 2   3 2  3 1
graph, so m    . The
30 3 3
11. y  1.94 x  8.62
1
y  1.25 x  2.38 equation of the line is y  x  3 .
3
1.25 x  2.38  1.94 x  8.62
Using the two equations, we get the system:
3.19 x  2.38  8.62
1
3.19 x  11 y  x 1
6
11
x  3.448 1
3.19 y  x3
3
Substitute 3.448 for x in the equation
y  1.25 x  2.38 and solve for y. 1
Substitute x  3 for y in the first equation
3
y  1.25  3.448   2.38  1.93 and solve for x.
The approximate solution is  3.45,1.93 . 1 1
x  3  x 1
3 6
12. a. The points C and D lie on the graph of 1  1 
6  x  3   6  x  1
y  ax  b , so they are solutions to the 3  6 
equation y  ax  b . 2 x  18  x  6
x  18  6
b. The points D and F lie on the graph of x  24
y  cx  d , so they are solutions to the 1
Substitute 24 for x in the equation y  x  1
equation y  cx  d . 6
and solve for y.
c. The point D lies on both graphs, so it is a 1
y   24   1  4  1  5
solution of both equations. 6
d. The points A, B, and E do not lie on either
graph, so they are not solutions to either
14. Answers may vary. Example:
equation.
3x  y  2
2 x  4 y  12

15. A: The data appear fairly linear so we use the

This point is the origin so it has coordinates regression feature of a graphing utility to
 0, 0  . obtain the line of best fit.
B:
This point is the y-intercept for line l1 . Write
the equation for l1 in slope–intercept form.
4 x  3 y  33
3 y  4 x  33 A reasonable model for the data is
4 p  0.15t  33.64 .
y   x  11
3
b. Start by creating a scattergram of the data.
The coordinates of the point are  0,11 .
C:
This point is the intersection of the two lines.
Therefore, it is the solution of the system:
4
y   x  11
3 The data appear fairly linear so we use the
y  2x  4 regression feature of a graphing utility to
Substitute 2 x  4 for y in the first equation obtain the line of best fit.
and solve x.
4
2 x  4   x  11
3
10
x  4  11
3 A reasonable model for the data is
10 p  0.18t  5.0 .
x  15
3
9 c. To estimate when the percentages will be
x
2 equal, we solve the system:
Substitute 9 for x in the equation y  2 x  4 p  0.15t  33.64
2 p  0.18t  5.0
and solve for y.
Substitute 0.18t  5.0 for p in the first
9 equation and solve for t.
y  2   4  9  4  5
2 0.18t  5.0  0.15t  33.64
9  0.33t  5.0  33.64
The coordinates of the point are  , 5  .
2  0.33t  28.64
D: 28.64
t  86.79
This point is the x-intercept of line l2 . Let 0.33
y  0 in the equation and solve for x. Substitute 86.79 for t in the equation
p  0.18t  5.0 and solve for p.
0  2x  4
4  2x p  0.18(86.79)  5.0  20.62
2x The approximate solution of the system is
The coordinates of the point are  2, 0  . 86.79, 20.62  .
According to the models, the percentage of
16. a. Start by creating a scattergram of the data. House seats in the Northeast was equal to
the percentage of House seats in the West
(21% each) in 1987.

d. Answers may vary. Example: Therefore, our second equation is

The percentages for the four regions can 0.03x  0.07 y  410 .
add to 101% if the total error due to The system is:
rounding up is a percentage point. For x  y  7, 000
example, the percentages for the four 0.03 x  0.07 y  410
regions for 1950 could actually be
25.6  29.6  30.9  13.9  100 .
x  y  7, 000
e. Answers may vary. Example: y   x  7, 000
The percentages for the four regions can Substitute  x  7, 000 for y in the second
add to 99% if the total error due to equation and solve for x.
rounding down is a percentage point. For 0.03 x  0.07   x  7, 000   410
example, the percentages for the four 0.03 x  0.07 x  490  410
regions for 1990 could actually be 0.04 x  490  410
20.4  24.4  34.1  21.1  100 .
0.04 x  80
17. a. Since the number of guns in circulation in x  2000
the U.S. has increased by about 5.3 million Substitute 2,000 for x in the equation
per year, we can model the situation by a y   x  7, 000 and solve for y.
linear equation. The slope is 5.3 million y    2, 000   7, 000  5, 000
guns per year. Since the number of guns in She should invest $2,000 in the 3% acoount
circulation in 2010 was 283 million, the and $5000 in the 7% account.
n-intercept is (0, 283) . So, a reasonable
model is n  5.3t  283 . 19. Let x be the number of tickets for sale at $55
and y be the number of tickets for sale at $70.
b. By the same reasoning as in part (a), the The total number of seats is 20,000, so our
model is n  2.7t  309 . first equation is x  y  20,000 .
The total revenue is $1,197,500. Therefore,
c. n  5.3t  283 our second equation is 55 x  70 y  1,197,500 .
n  2.7t  309
The system is:
Substitute 2.7t  309 for n in the first
x  y  20,000
55 x  70 y  1,197,500
2.7t  309  5.3t  283
2.6t  309  283 Solve the first equation for y.
x  y  20,000
2.6t  26
y   x  20,000
t  10
Substitute 10 for t in the equation Substitute  x  20,000 for y in the second
n  2.7t  309 and solve for n. equation and solve for x.
n  2.7(10)  309  336 55 x  70   x  20,000   1,197,500
The solution of the system is 10, 336  . 55 x  70 x  1,400,000  1,197,500
15 x  1,400,000  1,197,500
According to the models, there will be (on
average) one gun per person in the U.S. 15 x  202,500
(336 million) in 2020. However, not x  13,500
everyone will own a gun in that year. Some Substitute 13,500 for x in the equation
people may have more than one gun while y   x  20,000 and solve for y.
others have no guns. y   13,500   20,000  6500
18. Let x be the amount invested in the 3% The solution of the system is 13,500, 6500  .
account and y be the amount invested in 7% To generate a total revenue of $1,197,500,
account. 13,500 tickets at $55 and 6500 tickets at $70
The total amount invested is $7,000 so our should be sold.
first equation is x  y  7, 000 .
The total interest after one year is $410.

20. 5 x  2 y  6
2 y  5 x  6
5
y  x3
2
5
The graph of y  x  3 is the line
2
5
y x  3 and the region above that line. We 23. First we sketch the graph of y  2 and the
2
use a solid line along the border to indicate graph of x  3 . The graph of y  2 is the
5
that the points on the line y  x  3 are region above the line y  2 (graph the line
2 with a dashed line). The graph of x  3 is the
5 vertical line x  3 (graph the line with a
solutions to y  x  3 .
2 solid line) and the region to the right of that
line. The graph of the solution set of the
system is the intersection of the graphs of the
inequalities.
21. y  3
The graph of y  3 is the region below the
horizontal line y  3 . We graph the line with
Cumulative Review of Chapters 1–6
a dashed line to indicate that points on the line
y  3 are not solutions to y  3 . 1.
2. A cricket chirps 129 times per minute when

the temperature is 70F .
26 12 2  13  2  2  3
3.   
22. First we get y alone on one side of each 27 13 3  3  3  13
3  13  2  2  2
inequality. 
y  3 x  4 x  3y  6 3  13  3  3
3 y   x  6 222

1 33
y x2 8
3 
9
Next we sketch the graph of y  3 x  4 and
1 5  3 5 3
the graph of y  x  2 . The graph of 4.    
3 7  5 7 5
y  3 x  4 is the line y  3 x  4 (graph the 5 5 3 7
line with a solid line) and the region below    
7 5 5 7
1 25 21
that line. The graph of y  x  2 is the  
3 35 35
1 46
region below the line y  x  2 (graph the 
3 35
line with a dashed line). The graph of the
solution set of the system is the intersection of
the graphs of the inequalities.

2
5. a 2  bc  b 2   3   2  4    2 
2 Equation 4:
20  14 6
 9   8   4 m   3 , so the slope is 3.
42 2
 984
The input x  2 yields the output y  14 , the
 21
the ordered pair  2,14  is a solution of the
8   2  8  2 6 3 equation. Using this point and the slope, we
6. m    
5   3 53 8 4 get:
y  y1  m  x  x1 
Since the slope is negative, the line is
decreasing. y  14  3  x  2 
y  14  3 x  6
7. a. The line is decreasing, so m  0 . The line y  3x  8
crosses the y-axis above the x-axis, so The equation of the line is y  3 x  8 .
b0.
b. The line is increasing, so m  0 . The line 9. 2  5  4 x  8   3  2 x  7   3

crosses the y-axis below the x-axis, so 2  20 x  40  6 x  21  3
b0. 20 x  38  6 x  18
26 x  38  18
c. The line is horizontal, so m  0 . The line 26 x  20
crosses the y-axis above the x-axis, so 20 10
x 
b0. 26 13
10
d. The line is decreasing, so m  0 . The line The solution is  .
13
crosses the y-axis below the x-axis, so
b0. 10. 3  2 p  w    7 p  2 w   5
 6 p  3w  7 p  2 w  5
8. Equation 1:
 13 p  w  5
The input x  0 yields the output y  49 , so
the y-intercept is  0, 49  . 2
11.  6w  9 y  15   23  6w   23  9 y   23 15 
41  49 8 3
m   8 , so the slope is 8 .  4 w  6 y  10
1 0 1
The equation of the line is y  8 x  49 .
3m 2 4
Equation 2: 12.  
The input x  0 yields the output y  11 , so 5 3 5
15 
3m 2 
   15  
4
the y-intercept is  0,11 .  5 3 5
15  11 4 9m  10  12
m   4 , so the slope is 4. The 9m  22
1 0 1
equation of the line is y  4 x  11 . 22
m
Equation 3: 9
37  39 2
m   2 , so the slope is 2 . 13. ax  by  c
43 1
by   ax  c
The input x  3 yields the output y  39 , the
by  ax  c
the ordered pair  3, 39  is a solution of the 
b b
equation. Using this point and the slope, we  ax  c c  ax
y or y 
get: b b
y  y1  m  x  x1 
y  39  2  x  3 14. 6  3  4  x   6  12  3x  18  3x
y  39  2 x  6
y  2 x  45
The equation of the line is y  2 x  45 .

x 18. 5 x  2 y  12  0
15. 4  2
3 5 x  2 y  12
x 2 y  5 x  12
  2
3 5
x6 y  x6
2
The solution is 6.
The equation is now in slope–intercept form,
16. y  2 x  4 5
so we see that the slope is m   and the
The equation is in slope–intercept form, so the 2
slope is m  2 and the y-intercept is  0, 4  . y-intercept is  0, 6  . Starting with the point
5
Starting with the point  0, 4  and writing the  0, 6  and writing the slope as m  , we
2
2 can obtain a second point on the graph by
slope as m  , we can obtain a second point
1 subtracting 5 units from the y-coordinate and
on the graph by adding 2 units to the adding 2 units to the x-coordinate to obtain
y-coordinate and adding 1 unit to the
 2,1 . We plot the two points and connect
x-coordinate to obtain 1, 2  .
them with a line, extending the line in both
We plot the two points and connect them with directions.
a line, extending the line in both directions.
19. y  3
17. x  2 y  6
This is the equation of a horizontal line. The
2 y   x  6
y-intercept is  0, 3 and the slope is m  0 .
1
y  x3
2
The equation is now in slope–intercept form,
1
so we see that the slope is m  and the
2
y-intercept is  0, 3 . Starting with the point
 0, 3 and using the slope, we can obtain a
second point on the graph by adding 1 unit to 20. 2 x  5 y  10
the y-coordinate and adding 2 units to the To find the x-intercept, we let y  0 and solve
x-coordinate to obtain  2, 2  . We plot the for x.
two points and connect them with a line, 2 x  5  0   10
extending the line in both directions. 2 x  10
x5
The x-intercept is  5, 0  .
To find the y-intercept, we let x  0 and solve
for y.
2  0   5 y  10
5 y  10
y  2
The y-intercept is  0, 2  .

We plot the two intercepts, connect them with Check:

a line, and extend the line in both directions. 2 4
y  x
5 5
2 4
2 ⱨ   3 
5 5
6 4
2 ⱨ  
5 5
10
2 ⱨ 
5
21. y  2 x  4 2 ⱨ 2 true
The equation is in slope–intercept form, so the
y-intercept is  0, 4  . 25.  5,1 ;  2, 3
To find the x-intercept, we let y  0 and solve 3  1 3  1 4 4
m   
for x. 2   5  2  5 3 3
0  2 x  4 4
2x  4 y 1  
3
 x   5 
x2 4
The x-intercept is  2, 0  . y  1    x  5
3
We plot the two intercepts, connect them with 4 20
y 1   x 
a line, and extend the line in both directions. 3 3
4 17
y  x
3 3
26. Since the x-coordinates are the same for the

two points, the line is vertical and has an
undefined slope. The equation is x  2 .
22. The graph of x  4 is a vertical line passing 27. We locate 3 on the x-axis and move up to
through the point  4, 0  . the graph. Then we move to the y-axis to find
that y  2 when x  3 .
28. We locate 1 on the y-axis and move right

until we reach the graph. Then we move up to
the x-axis to find that x  6 when y  1 .
29. The graph crosses the x-axis at the point  3, 0 

23. Write both equations in y  mx  b form. so the x-intercept is  3, 0  .
2
2x  5 y  7 y  x3 30. The graph crosses the y-axis at the point
5 y  2 x  7 5
 0,1 , so the y-intercept is  0,1 . From
2 7
y  x problem 29, the x-intercept is  3, 0  .
5 5
Since the slopes are different, the lines are not Therefore,
parallel. 0 1 1
m 
30 3
24. y  y1  m  x  x1  1
The equation of the line is y   x  1 .
2 3
y   2     x  3
5
2 6
y2 x
5 5
2 4
y x
5 5

31. 3  x  5   18 6 x  10 y  2
3x  15  18 6 x  9 y  36
3 x  3 19 y  38
3 x 3 y  2

3 3 Substitute 2 for y in equation (2) and solve
x  1 for x.
Interval notation:  , 1 2 x  3  2   12
2 x  6  12
2x  6
32. y  2x  3 x3
x y 3 The solution is  3, 2  .
Write both equations in slope–intercept form.
y  2x  3 x y 3 35. 4 x  y  9  0
y  x  3 y  5  3x
Graph both equations in the same coordinate Substitute 5  3x for y in the first equation and
system. solve for x.
y 4 x   5  3x   9  0
5 y  2x  3 4 x  5  3x  9  0
7 x  14  0
(2, 1) 7 x  14
x x2
 5 Substitute 2 for x in the equation y  5  3 x
x y 3
and solve for y.
5 y  5  3  2   5  6  1
The intersection point is  2,1 , so the solution The solution is  2, 1 .
of the system is  2,1 .
36. y  2.9 x  97.8
y  3.1x  45.6
33. y  2.9 x  7.8
y  1.3x  6.1 Rewrite the system in standard form.
2.9 x  y  97.8 Equation (1)
3.1x  y  45.6 Equation (2)
The approximate intersection point is and solve for x.
2.9 x  y  97.8
 3.310, 1.798 , so the approximate solution 3.1x  y  45.6
of the system is  3.31, 1.80  . 6 x  143.4
143.4
34. 3x  5 y  1 Equation (1) x  23.9
6
2 x  3 y  12 Equation (2) Substitute 23.9 for x in equation (1) and solve
To eliminate the x terms, we multiply both for y.
sides of equation (1) by 2 and both sides of 2.9  23.9   y  97.8
equation (2) by 3 , yielding the system:
69.31  y  97.8
6 x  10 y  2
y  28.49
6 x  9 y  36
The coefficients of the x terms are equal in The solution is  23.9, 28.49  .
and solve for y.

37. Graphing by hand: 2 x  3 y  19

2 x  3 y  19 12 x  3 y  39
y  4 x  13 10 x  20
Write both equations in slope–intercept form. x2
2 x  3 y  19 y  4 x  13
Substitute 2 for x in equation (2) and solve for y.
3 y  2 x  19
4  2   y  13
2 19
y  x 8  y  13
3 3
y  5
Graph both equations in the same coordinate
y  5
system.
y The solution is  2, 5  .
5 y  4 x  13
38. We begin by finding the equations for each
table.
Table 43:
x The input x  0 yields the output y  97 , so
 5
2 x  3 y  19
the y-intercept is  0, 97  .
5 (2, 5) 93  97 4
1 0 1
The intersection point is  2, 5  , so the solution
The first equation is y  4 x  97 .
of the system is  2, 5  . Table 44:
Substitution: The input x  0 yields the output y  7 , so
2 x  3 y  19 the y-intercept is  0, 7  .
y  4 x  13
97 2
Substitute 4 x  13 for y in the first equation and m   2 , so the slope is 2.
1 0 1
solve for x.
The second equation is y  2 x  7 .
2 x  3  4 x  13  19
Now we solve the system:
2 x  12 x  39  19 y  4 x  97
10 x  39  19 y  2x  7
10 x  20
Substitute 2 x  7 for y in the first equation
x2
and solve for x.
2 x  7  4 x  97
and solve for y. 6 x  7  97
y  4  2   13  8  13  5 6 x  90
The solution is  2, 5  . x  15
Substitute 15 for x in the equation y  2 x  7
Elimination:
2 x  3 y  19 and solve for y.
y  4 x  13 y  2 15   7  30  7  37
Write the equations in standard form. The solution is 15, 37  .
2 x  3 y  19 Equation (1)
4 x  y  13 Equation (2) 2
To eliminate the y terms, we multiply both sides 39. The graph of y   x  3 is the region below
3
of equation (2) by 3 , yielding the system: 2
2 x  3 y  19 the line y   x  3 . We use a dashed line
3
12 x  3 y  39 along the border to indicate that the points on
The coefficients of the y terms are equal in 2
absolute value and opposite in sign. Add the left the line y   x  3 are not solutions to
3
sides and the right sides of the equations and
2
solve for x. y   x3.
3

c. Using the regression capability of a

graphing calculator, we get:
40. 3x  5 y  10 A reasonable model is r  0.085t  2.79 .

x  4
First we get y alone on one side of the first d. The equation in part (c) is in
inequality. slope–intercept form, so the r-intercept is
3x  5 y  10 x  4  0, 2.79  . This indicates that there were
5 y  3 x  10 approximately 2.79 deaths per 100 million
3 miles traveled in 1990.
y  x2 Answers may vary. Example:
5
3 No, it is not likely to be an accurate
Next we sketch the graph of y  x  2 and estimate. The slope of the trend in the data
5 from prior to 2006 is less steep than the
3 slope of the regression line for the data
the graph of x  4 . The graph of y  x  2
5 from 2006 and later.
3
is the line y  x  2 (graph the line with a e. Substitute 1.0 for r in the equation
5
solid line) and the region above that line. The r  0.085t  2.79 and solve for t.
graph of x  4 is the region to the right of 1.0  0.085t  2.79
the vertical line x  4 (graph the line with a 1.79  0.085t
dashed line). The graph of the solution set of 1.79
t  21.06
the system is the intersection of the graphs of 0.085
the inequalities. The model estimates that the death rate
was 1.0 death per 100 million miles
traveled in 2011.
f. For 2017, we have t  27 .

r  0.085(27)  2.79  0.495
The model predicts that the fatality rate in
2017 will be about 0.50 death per 100
41. a. Answers may vary. Example: million miles traveled.
If the population increases, the number of
traffic deaths is likely to rise as will the g. Substitute 0 for r in the equation
number of miles traveled. If the number of r  0.085t  2.79 and solve for t.
miles traveled rises at a faster rate than the 0  0.085t  2.79
number of traffice deaths, then the fatality 0.085t  2.79
rate will be decreasing even though the 2.79
number of deaths is increasing. t  32.82
0.085
b. The t-intercept is  32.82, 0  . This means
that there will be no fatalities in 2023.
Model breakdown has occurred.
42. a. Start by creating a scattergram of the data.

The data appear linear so we use the 43. a. The New York City fourth graders’
regression feature of a graphing utility to average score has increased by 1.6 points
obtain the line of best fit. per year, so the slope (average rate of
change) is 1.6 points per year. Since the
New York City fourth graders’ average
score was 217 in 2009, the s-intercept is
 0, 217  . Using the slope and the
s-intercept, the equation of the line is
s  1.6t  217 .
n  3.4t  8.2 .
b. The U.S. fourth graders’ average score has
b. Start by creating a scattergram of the data.
increased by 0.4 points per year, so the
slope (average rate of change) is 0.4 points
per year. Since the U.S. fourth graders’
average score was 220 in 2009, the
s-intercept is  0, 220  . Using the slope and
The data appear linear so we use the the s-intercept, the equation of the line is
regression feature of a graphing utility to s  0.4t  220 .
obtain the line of best fit. c. To estimate when New York City fourth
graders’ average score was equal to U.S.
fourth graders’ average score, we solve the
system:
s  1.6t  217
s  0.4t  220
A reasonable model for the data is Substitute 0.4t  220 for s in the first
n  6.8t  115.2 . equation and solve for t.
0.4t  220  1.6t  217
c. To estimate when the number of Lipitor 1.2t  220  217
prescriptions was equal to the number of
1.2t  3
Crestor prescriptions, we solve the system:
3
n  3.4t  8.2 t  2.5
n  6.8t  115.2 1.2
Substitute 6.8t  115.2 for n in the first Substitute 2.5 for t in the equation
equation and solve for t. s  0.4t  220 and solve for n.
6.8t  115.2  3.4t  8.2 s  0.4(2.5)  220  221
10.2t  115.2  8.2 The approximate solution of the system is
10.2t  123.4  2.5, 221 .
123.4 According to the models, the New York
t  12.10
10.2 City fourth graders’ average score was
Substitute 12.10 for t in the equation equal to U.S. fourth graders’ average score
n  6.8t  115.2 and solve for n. (221 points) in 2012.
n  6.8(12.10)  115.2  32.92
44. a. The number of claims airline passengers
filed against the TSA is decreasing by
12.10, 32.92  . 3.0 thousand claims per year, so the slope
According to the models, the number of (average rate of change) is 3.0 claims
Lipitor prescriptions was equal to the per year.
number of Crestor prescriptions (about
33 million) in 2012. b. There were 11.7 thousand claims filed in
2009, so the n-intercept is  0, 11.7  .
c. Using the slope from part (a) and the

n-intercept from part (b), the equation of
the line is n  3.0t  11.7 .

d. Substitute 3 for t and solve for n.

n  3.0(3)  11.7  2.7
There were 2.7 thousand claims in 2012.
e. Solve the following inequality:

3.0t  11.7  20
3.0t  8.3
8.3
t
3.0
t  2.77 (rounded)
The number of claims was more than
20 thousand before 2006.
f. Substitute 0 for n and solve for t.

0  3.0t  11.7
3.0t  11.7
t  3.9
The t-intercept is  3.9, 0  . This means that
there were no claims in 2013. Model
breakdown has occurred.
45. Let x be the number of quarts of the 16% acid

solution and y be the number of quarts of the
28% acid solution.
The total number of quarts is 12, so our first
The total amount of pure acid between the two
of pure acid in the mixture, so our second
equation is 0.16 x  0.28 y  0.20 12  .
The system is:
x  y  12
0.16 x  0.28 y  0.20 12 
x  y  12
y   x  12
Substitute  x  12 for y in the second
0.16 x  0.28   x  12   0.20 12 
0.16 x  0.28 x  3.36  2.4
0.12 x  3.36  2.4
0.12 x  0.96
x 8
Substitute 8 for x in the equation y   x  12
and solve for y.
y    8   12  4
The mixture should contain 8 quarts of the
16% acid solution and 4 quarts of the 28%
acid solution.

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Voi Vilho parka —.älä sentään noin sano.
KORPI synkästi.
Se on totuus — eihän heistä kukaan välitä. Siellä on naapurinkin

pikku poika juuri äsken kuollut.
LIISA hätkähtäen.
Kuollut? Mistä tiedät?
KORPI
En minä sisällä käynyt, mutta kun tulin ohi näin Mandin istuvan
rappusilla itkemässä tällaisella pakkasella. Menin hänen luokseen ja
hän sanoi juuri…
(Hänen puheensa keskeytyy, sillä sisään tulee kaksi työmiestä,

samat jotka etumaisina koettivat rynnätä mestarin konttoriin; he ovat
viluisia, huonosti puettuja; toinen näyttää kovin alakuloiselta, toinen
ikäänkuin vihaiselta. Tervehtivät.)
KORPI hetken äänettömyyden jälkeen alakuloisesti hymyillen.
Istumaan toverit. Ei minulla ole tarjota edes tupakkaa piippuun,

mutta miehet ovatkin miltei järjestään tehneet myöskin tupakkalakon.
1:NEN TYÖMIES katkerasti.
On tästä lakosta siis se hyöty ainakin, että monet lakkaavat

tupakoimasta…
2:NEN TYÖMIES
Se kai tulee olemaankin ainoa hyöty.
KORPI rykäisee ja koettaa puhua rohkaisevasti.
No, ei sitä vielä sentään tiedä.
1:NEN TYÖMIES.
Kyllä sen nyt jo tietää…
Silloin tulee sisään Kaarlo. Hänen laihtuneet kasvonsa ovat

kalmankalpeat ja hän vapisee koko ruumiillaan; heittää takkinsa
penkille ja menee käsiään hieroen uunia äären, mutta tuntiessaan
sen kylmäksi kääntyy pettyneenä ja istuutuu tuolille. Kaikki katsovat
häneen kuin syyllisinä.
KORPI hetken äänettömyyden jälkeen, hiljaa.
Kaarlo — kyllä sinä sentään ihan palellut ilman päällystakkia

tuollaisella pakkasella. Ei sinun olisi…
KAARLO keskeyttää, koettaen puhua huolettomasti, mutta hänen

äänensä vapisee ankarasti.
Joutavia! Ei minua paljon viluta… Jouduin vain odottamaan

hieman tuolla asemalla, kun juna myöhästyi… 70 KORPI jännittyen.
No, tuliko niitä — niitä rikkureita…?
KAARLO hiljaa, synkästi.
Kyllä niitä nyt tuli…
KORPI järkytettynä.
Vai jo tuli…
Hetken äänettömyys, sitten
KIIHTYNEITÄ ÄÄNIÄ
— Tuliko paljonkin?
— Niin, näitkö sinä ne?
— Minkälaista väkeä?
KAARLO
Kyllä minä ne näin ja ehdin laskeakin, vaikka mestari pakotti ne

lähtemään miltei juosten. Oli ihan sen näköinen, kuin olisi vienyt
varastettua tavaraa kätköön. Parikymmentä niitä vain oli.
I TYÖMIES
No, ei niillä tehdasta käyntiin saada!
KORPI
Eipä kyllä, mutta häviää loppukin yksimielisyys… kun se

muutenkin on jo niin ja näin…
KAARLO katkerasti.
Siitä ei enää kannata puhua meidän keskuudessamme — (hänen

leukansa vapisee niin, että on vaikea lausua sanoja; hän tekee
kärsimättömän liikkeen ja sanoo tuimasti.) — Sehän nyt on helvetti,
ettei osaa puhua! — (Hitaasti.) — Niin, täällä levitetään toinen
toistaan perättömämpiä huhuja ja kaikki uskotaan… Mestarin apurit
levittivät äskenkin asemalla tietoa, että 150 miestä myöhästyi
junasta, mutta ne tulevat aamujunassa toisen vielä suuremman
joukon kanssa. Sentähden pitäisi lakko ehdottomasti lopettaa, jotta
edes osa entisistä työläisistä saisi vielä jäädä työhön.
KORPI huoahtaen hiljaa, katkerasti.
Niin, sehän on yksi niitä tavallisia keinoja joilla koetetaan rikkoa

työläisten yksimielisyyttä. No, mitä muuta ne siellä levittävät?
KAARLO sisäisestä katkeruudesta kuohuen.
Kas, kun olin unohtaa erään tärkeän uutisen! Ajatelkaa, että tuo
Korpi on itse kuluttanut kaikki lakkolaisille tulleet avustusrahat…
herkutellut kotona, kun toiset kärsivät nälkää…
KORPI nousee kalveten seisomaan ja tuijottaa tyrmistyneenä

puhujaa ja taas toisia; vihdoin kysyy kolealla, hillityllä äänellä.
Vai niin? Kuka on sanonut niin?
KAARLO
Kettunen sellaista tietää.
KORPI hämmästyen.
Kettunen…?
KAARLO
Niin, ja hän tietää paljon muuta. Viime viikolla oli hän käynyt
mestarille ilmoittamassa, että hänet on pakotettu lakkoon, joten hän
tulee työhön koska tahansa.
KORPI suoristautuu ja hänen olemuksessaan kuvastuu pelottava

voima, kun hän silmät säkenöiden ärjähtää.
Ooh — jumalauta! Minä sen opetan — tuon kurjan petturin! Mutta

miten se on mahdollista — hänhän on varakas…?
KAARLO
Kyllä se totta on — ei mestari apulaisestaan muuten levitä

tuollaisia tietoja. — Mestari niin oli Tiitiselle sanonut ja pyytänyt
kovasti, että tulisi työhön… luvannut enemmän palkkaakin.
HALONEN arasti.
Kyllä se totta on — niin mestari minullekin sanoi, kun…
Hän keskeytyy sillä sisään astuu vilusta kalpeana
EMIL. Hän aikoo sanoa jotain, mutta ääni tukehtuu terävään

yskään; sen tauottua sanoo hän katkonaisella, vapisevalla äänellä.
Kettunen tuli minun jälessäni ja näytti poikkeavan meille.
KAARLO hämmästyen.
Mitä se mies oikein ajattelee…? Kehtaako se vielä tulla tänne…?
EMIL kuuntelee.
Nyt se tuli.
KORPI pakottaa itsensä tyyneksi ja lausuu hiukan värisevällä
äänellä.
Hyvä on. Käske sen tulla sisään.
Emil tekee sen ja alkaa kävellä edestakaisin sivuseinällä huitoen

välillä käsiään, näyttää ikäänkuin ei ensin huomaisikaan Kettusen ja
toisten väittelyä.
KETTUNEN astuu arasti sisään, hänen luihu katseensa kiertää

ympäri huoneen pälyilevänä ja pelokkaana kuin varkaan ja hänen
pukinpartansa heilahtaa hullunkurisesti joka kumarruksella.
Hyvää iltaa, hyvää iltaa… tuota… Taisin häiritä, tuota, tulla

sopimattomaan aikaan… taitaa olla tuota, kokous…?
KORPI
Ei täällä kokousta ole. Muuten vain pitäisi hiukan keskustella, mitä

olisi tehtävä lakon suhteen…
KETTUNEN mielistellen.
Jaha, jaha tuota, sellaista se on… Niin, minäkin tulin tuota,

kysymään, jos niinkuin tuota, olisin niitä apurahoja saanut, tuota,
minäkin…
1:NEN TYÖMIES äreästi.
Eihän teillä ole lapsiakaan…
KETTUNEN katsahtaa hurskaasti kattoon.
Ei ole — ei ole tuota, herra siunannut… vaikka…

KORPI keskeyttää vapisevalla, miltei surullisella äänellä.
Onko Kettunen sanonut, että minä olen itse syönyt lakkolaisten

avustusrahat?
KETTUNEN hämmentyen.
Minäkö…? En tuota, en minä ole sanonut…
KORPI katsoo häneen läpitunkevasti.
Etkö sinä ole sanonut?
KETTUNEN arasti ja epävarmasti.
Enhän minä, tuota… en minä ole puhunut koko avustusrahoista…

En minä siis ole voinut tuota, sellaista sanoa.
HALONEN
Nyt sinä valehtelet taas! Juuri tänään sanoit kun pyysin viittä
markkaa lainaksi ja käskit mennä pyytämään ruokaa Korvelta…
KETTUNEN säpsähtää ensin huomatessaan Halosen hämärässä

nurkassa, multa sitten tiuskasee tolkuttomasti.
Mitä sinä sanot? Vastaatko puheesi? Kuka sen todistaa? Sinä itse
valehtelet tuota, kuin kirjava koira. Ettes häpee…
HALONEN tuskallisen syyttävästi.
Voi sinua… Etkö muista miten vielä lisäsit, ettei siellä tiedetä
nälästä mitään — koska meidän rahoilla on ostettu vaikka mitä…
Kiellätkö?
KETTUNEN
Tuota, tuota… en minä noin ole sanonut. — (Havahtuu

hämmennyksestään ja lisää ilkeästi.) — Vai olet sinäkin täällä
lakkolaisena? Ethän sinä päivällä ollut sillä kannalla…
(Halonen hätkähtää kuin piiskaniskuista ja aikoo sanoa jotain.)
KAARLO kuohahtaen.
Te olette koira! Ei — oikea Kettunen — oikea kettu te olette.
ENSIMÄINEN TYÖMIES
Niin, älä loukkaa koiria noin rumasti…
KETTUNEN ei tiedä mitä sanoisi, huulet vain höpsyvät

hassunkurisesti ja hän muistuttaa entistä enemmän pukkia; sitten
änkyttää raivosta vinkuvalla äänellä.
Mi-mitä, tuota… mitä sinä lurjus tuota, sanoit…? Vastaatko

puheesi…? Niin juuri — sinä muistat tämän!
KORPI ankarasti.
Onko Kettunen sanonut minusta niin?
KETTUNEN pelästyy taas, mutta viha voittaa; hän perääntyy pari

askelta ja sähisee, syyttävästi.
Minä en tuota, tiedä mitä te tarkoitatte — mutta kyllä minä aina

puheeni vastaan. Enkä minä ainakaan ole apurahoja saanut… Kuka
heidät sitten tuota, lieneekin saanut…
KORPI koettaa hillitä itseään.
Kettunen on erehtynyt… Ellet ole saanut, niin onhan sinulla rahaa

pankissa. Muuten on täällä tarkasti merkitty kirjaan, ketkä ovat
saaneet ja minkä verran… Ja kyllä nämä toverit voivat sanoa, olenko
minä ..
KAARLO keskeyttää halveksivasti.
Tuollaiselle ei kannattaisi selitellä, mutta kyllä minä ja nämä toiset

toverit todistamme, ettei Korpi ole avustusrahoista suostunut
ottamaan itse yhtään penniä. Se näkyy myös kirjasta…
KETTUNEN epäilevästi ja loukkaavasti irvistäen.
Teidän kirjanne… teidän todistuksenne — niille, tuota ei… Samaa

sakkia olette, tuota…
KAARLO kalpenee ja lähenee Kettusta silmät säkenöiden.
Kurja petturi! Mitä sinä sanot…?
KORPI
Kaarlo… älä viitsi — se koskee vain minua.
KETTUNEN peräytyy pelästyneesti silmiään räpyttäen ja änkyttää.
Tuota, tuota… älä sinä hyökkää minun kimppuuni… minä…

haastan sinut oikeuteen, tuota… niin, vankeuteen pääset!
KORPI läheten Kettusta.

Älä pelkää… en minä maksa sinulle ansiosi mukaan — kysyn
vain: onko sinun nyt hyvä olla, kun olet noin törkeästi valehdellut
minusta…? En ole vihainen jos se sinulle tuottaa jotain mielihyvää.
Mutta minulla on toinen tärkeämpi asia: Onko Kettunen käynyt
ilmoittautumassa lakkopetturiksi?
KETTUNEN kimeästi kirkuen.
Minä saan mennä työhön, koska, tuota, haluan. Eikä se kuulu,

tuota kaikenlaisille — mokomille!
KORPI raskaasti.
Kyllä se kuuluu — se koskee koko tehtaan työläisiä. Sinä olet

pettänyt jokaisen — kavaltanut meidän yhteisen asian. Sinähän
lupasit olla lakossa niinkauan kuin toisetkin…
1:NEN TYÖMIES pilkallisesti.
Onko patruuna siis Kettusen jumala?
KETTUNEN ärsyyntyen.
On mikä on! Mutta kyllä minä sentään tuota, tottelen häntä

enemmän kuin teitä! Häneltä minä, tuota, palkankin saan…
KAARLO on vieläkin raivosta kalpea, mutta pakottaa itsensä

nauramaan, ja hänen pilkkasanansa putoilevat piiskaniskuina.
Sehän on tietty, että Kettunen palkan saa! Mutta sanokaa nyt

huvin vuoksi, paljoko saatte? Oppimestarinne Juudas sai mestarinsa
pettämisestä 30 hopeapenninkiä — mutta tietysti veljien
pettämisestä on korkeampi taksa? Eikö niin? Rahan arvokin on
kohonnut.
(Katkeraa naurua.)
KETTUNEN ähkyy kuin raivosta tukehtumaisillaan.
Mi… mitä sinä lurjus lörpöttelet tuota, Juudaasta,

hopeapenningeistä…? Sinä uskallat?
KAARLO myrkyllisesti.
Ooh, suokaa anteeksi, herra Kettunen — nyt vasta ymmärrän, että

teillä on syytä loukkautua moisesta vertauksesta. Mikä oli Juudas?
Typerä hölmö, joka pettää vain yhden — penneistä, vie nekin
takaisin ja hirttää itsensä! Sellainenko kykenisi opettamaan Kettusta,
— joka pettää yhtaikaa 800 toveriansa, vie palkkiot pankkiin ja alkaa
ajatella, miten saisi lisää…
KETTUNEN peräytyy ovella ja heristää nyrkkiänsä, kihisten

kiukkuisesti.
Tämän te tuota, muistatte… jumala rankaisee — jumala muistaa

kerran teidät.
KAARLO
Mutta teidät muistaa vain piru!
EMIL
Tuskinpa pirukaan viitsii Kettusen puolesta kiusata kunnon ihmisiä.

KAARLO
Aa — onhan sillä täällä parikin uskollista asiamiestä — patruuna ja

mestari. Kyllä ne viitsivät — kun Kettunen taas suutelee heidän
saappaitaan.
(Naurua.)
KETTUNEN röyhkeästi.
Se on minun asiani! Ja kai minä yhtähyvin saan mennä työhön

kuin
Halonenkin. Hänelle ette sano mitään… — (Kaikki hämmästyvät.)
KORPI ärjäisten.
Valehtelet!
KETTUNEN ovella, ilkeästi naurahtaen.
No, olkoon niin — minun puolestani…
EMIL on muuttunut aivan kalpeaksi; lähtee nopeasti Kettusen

jälkeen ja mutisee hammasta purren.
Tuota minä en kärsi…
KORPI
Mihinkä sinä? Pysy täällä…
(Emil ei enää kuule.)
1:NEN TYÖMIES hiljaa, kiihtyneenä.

Antakaa hänen mennä…
KORPI aikoen nousta.
Ei, ei. Siellä voisi käydä huonosti.
(Kyökistäpäin kuuluu epämääräistä melua.)
KAARLO lähenee häntä; hiljaa lujasti.
Korpi, älkää sekaantuko tähän. Siellä on nyt pimeä — ja pieni

selkäsauna tekisi hänelle niin kovin hyvää — hän kaipaa sitä
kipeämmin kuin kukaan toinen tässä maaherranläänissä…
KAIKKI paitsi Halonen yhtyvät naurahtaen Kaarlon mielipiteeseen.
— Hän olisi tarvinnut sen jo kauan sitten…
— Se on oikein! Ei sekaannuta…
Silloin kuuluu ulkoa epäselvästi Kettusen kimeä hätähuuto:

Auttakaa!
Apua jumalan tähden! — Liisa huutaa — Emil, Emil! — Siellä kuuluu
Anninkin ääni, ja lasten hätääntynyttä itkua.
KORPI syöksähtää kalveten seisaalleen.
Ei, nyt taisi käydä hullusti! Voi, kun en heti estänyt…
(Juoksee ulos.)
(Melun yli kuuluu vieläkin Kettusen huuto ja vaikenee äkkiä. —

Kaikki kuuntelevat jännittyneinä.)
KAARLO kuiskaa levottomasti.
Voi, voi — kun ei Emil vain olisi iskenyt sitä kuoliaaksi! Hän on
sellainen… tulinen…
1:NEN TYÖMIES nousee.
Se olisi kamalaa… Mitä, mitä tästä tulee…?
(Aikoo lähteä.)
KAARLO hiljaa.
Ei mennä sentään sinne — me olemme vieraita… Jos

kumminkin…
(Kuuntelevat jännittyneinä.)
(Kuuluu ovien pauketta, Korven ääni, ja hetken kuluttua tämä tulee

sisään.)
KAIKKI
— No, eihän vain käynyt hullusti…?
— No, miten?
— Puhu.
KORPI purskahtaa nauruun.
Voitteko arvata mitä tuo saakelin poika teki?
LEVOTTOMIA ÄÄNIÄ
— No, mitä?
— Älä viitsi nauraa…
—- Kerrohan nyt…
KORPI
Niin, kun minä menin ulos, makaa Kettunen mahallaan portailla,

poika pitelee niskasta ja tomuuttaa kepillä sen housuntakapuolta
ihan kuin mattoa!
(Kaikki purskahtavat helpottavaan nauruun.)
KAARLO
Kyllä minä tiedän miksi se tuli. Se oli varmasti mestarin asioilla

urkkimassa…
1:NEN TYÖMIES
Silloin se sai ihan soveliaan palkan.
KAARLO
Emil ei ole vielä koko elämässään tehnyt niin välttämätöntä

hyväätyötä kuin tänään…
(Naurua.)
KORPI
Ei tässä naurunpaikka ole, mutta se oli totisesti niin naurettavaa,
ettei voi ilmankaan olla! — (Vakavasti.) — Kun ei se vain saisi jotain
pahaa aikaan?
1:NEN TYÖMIES
Eikös mitä. Ei se ilkeä mennä kielittelemään tuota

selkäsaunaansa…
(Nauraa.)
LIISAN ÄÄNI kyökissä, vihaisena.
Mitä sinä Emil oikein ajattelet? Tuollainenko sinusta tuli?
(Emil tulee sisään vieläkin kiihtyneenä ja kalpeana.)
(Samassa näyttää Kaarlo havahtuvan, muistavan jotain tuskallista;

nousee ja menee kyökkiin.)
KORPI
Kuinka sinä menet tuollaista tekemään? Tuovat tänne vielä

poliisilauman — sinun tähtesi.
EMIL tulisesti.
Tuokoot vaikka kaksi laumaa, mutta tuollaista minä en kärsi!

Kehtaa lasketella vielä tuollaisia syytöksiä, saadakseen lopunkin
yksimielisyyden rikki. Se on liian hävytöntä!
(Kaikki vaikenevat ja katsahtavat Haloseen. Tämä vaalenee

kalman kalpeaksi ja tuijottaa maahan.)
KORPI pitkän äänettömyyden jälkeen hiljaa.
Halonen… eihän se ollut totta? Sano, ettei se ollut totta.
HALONEN hengittää raskaasti ja kuuluvasti, katsahtaa kerran

oveen, aivankuin aikoisi paeta, mutta ei vastaa.
KORPI nousevalla vihalla.
Sano nyt, onko se totta?
KAARLO tulee juuri sisään neuvottomana, kiihtyneenä.
Mikä niin?
EMIL kuiskaa Kaarlolle muutaman sanan.
HALONEN kuiskaa käheästi.
On…
(Silmät välähtävät, Emil hypähtää seisaalleen, nyrkit puristettuina,

ja Korpi tartun kaulaansa, aivankuin sitä kuristaisi liian tiukka
kaulaliina, mutta kaikki ovat kauan äänettömiä.)
KORPI mutisee kuin raskaan surun valtaamana.
En minä Kettusta ihmettele, vaan että sinä Kalle — sinä… (Sitten

äkkiä hiljaa ja uhkaavasti.) — Miksi sen teit? Koska siellä kävit? —
(Äänettömyys. — Kaikki tuijottavat pahanenteisesti Halosta. Lopulta
tämä nousee ja aikoo lähteä ovea kohti.)
KAARLO astuu hänen tielleen, lausuu hiljaa raivoisasti.

Te ette hievahda tästä… Vastatkaa!
(Kaikkien suusta kuuluu epämääräinen, uhkaava murahdus.)
HALOSEN kasvoilla kuvastuu kiduttava tuska, kun hän vihdoin

änkyttää.
Tä… tänään… kun…
(Silloin puhkeaa katkeruuden ja vihan myrsky hänen ylitseen.

Kukaan ei huuda, mutta nälkä ja epätoivo terästää heidän syyttävät
sanansa murhaaviksi, ne tunkeutuvat suoraan sydämeen kuin
terävät puukot…)
KORPI
Kuinka sinä kehtasit tulla heti tänne senjälkeen, kun…
HALONEN änkyttää hiljaa.
Minun täytyy koettaa päästä vielä työhön tänne… Kun on niin

paljo… lapsia, eikä…
(Kukaan ei kuuntele hänen sanojaan.)
EMIL
Kai tekin tulitte urkkimaan — vai miten? Minkälainen raukka te

olette!
KAARLO hiljaa, yhteen purtujen hammasten välistä.
Ei minua säälittäisi, vaikka häviäisitte iäksi…

EMIL pahanenteisesti.
No no, kyllä ne vielä tavataan, Kettuset ja kaikki — kunhan tulee

toinen aika…
KORPI tuskallisesti.
No, no pojat… älkää… lakatkaa…
1:NEN TYÖMIES
Eipä ole väliä! Kyllä hän samallainen on, kuin Kettunenkin.
KAARLO katkerasti.
Juudas edes hirtti itsensä — mutta meidän Juudaksilla ei ole

pennin edestä häpyä — eikä rohkeutta tehdä edes sitä!
HALONEN on vavahtanut jokaisesta syytöksestä kuin

piiskaniskusta, nyt hän käännähtää, kohottaa tuskan vääristämät
kasvonsa Kaarloa kohden ja änkyttää vapisevin huulin.
Voi toverit, toverit… kun mestari uhkasi ajaa heti pois ellen…
KAARLO keskeyttää ärjäisten.
Ei tässä ole sinun tovereitasi!
HALONEN kuin tukehtumaisillaan.
Älä sinä Kaarlo… et sinä vielä tiedä… kun ei ole leivänmurua —

eikä saa mistään apua… Ja sitten lapset… yhtämittaa pyytävät ja
itkevät… niin tuota…
(Hänen äänensä katkeaa ja hän lähtee horjuen ulos.)
(Kaarlo hätkähtää vuorostaan Halosen viime sanoista, niinkuin

häneen olisi sattunut voimakas isku. Ja kaikki ovat kuin
lamaantuneita.)
EMIL katkerasti ihmetellen.
Hän — hän petturi…?
KORPI matalalla äänellä.
Toverit, me syytimme häntä liian ankarasti… Nähkääs,

tuollatavalla me suorastaan ajamme hänet petturiksi… Olisi pitänyt
puhua hänelle, koettaa auttaa, niin hän ei olisi mennyt… Me teimme
väärin.
1:NEN TYÖMIES
Ei tässä ihminen enää ymmärrä, mitä sanoo…
EMIL
Mutta miksi hän sentään lupasi mennä petturiksi…? Kuinka se n

mahdollista?
KAARLO syvästi katuen.
Kyllä minä sen nyt ymmärrän. Hän on tehnyt sen lastensa tähden,
ei ole voinut kestää niiden itkua… Ei, toverit, meidän täytyy auttaa
häntä jotenkin — heti paikalla! Minä menen toimittamaan jotakin.
(Näyttää ajattelevan hetken ankarasti; sitten lamaantuu.) Niin, mitä?
No, ehkä huomenna joku keino keksitään…?

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Elementary Algebra Graphs and

Authentic Applications 2nd Edition

Elementary Algebra Graphs and Authentic Applications

Elementary Algebra Graphs and Authentic Applications

Elementary and Intermediate Algebra Functions and

Elementary and Intermediate Algebra Functions and

Intermediate Algebra Functions and Authentic

Elementary and Intermediate Algebra Graphs and Models

Elementary and Intermediate Algebra Graphs and Models

Elementary Algebra Concepts and Applications 10th

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Next, we graph both equations in the same 5 3 x  2 y  4

The intersection point is  2,1 . So, the 18. 6 y  10 x  18

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The intersection point is  0, 0  . So, the

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34. y  3x  2 38. n  16.98t  395.66

The intersection point is  2, 4  . So, the

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d. Answers may vary.

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62. The equation y  3 x  5 is in slope–intercept 6. 4 x  3 y  13

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Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

4.81x  3.45  2.49 x  6.17 30. 6 x  5 y  8

The solution is  4, 3 .

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Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

y  4  7   9  28  9  19 Substitute 2 for y in the equation

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d. Answers may vary. Example: 4. 3 x  5 y  19 Equation (1)

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Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

The result is a true statement of the form 30 x  36 y  15

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Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

44. 3 x  8 y  4 Equation (1) 12 x  8 y  76

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Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

12 x  21 y  45 Substitute 23 for x in equation (2) and solve

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D: d. The equation of the line is y  3x  2 .

5  m  1  b The y-intercept is  0, 2  .

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Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

10. a. Start by creating a scatter diagram of the

The data appear fairly linear so we use the

b. Start by creating a scatter diagram of the

b. Start by creating a scatter diagram of the

The data appear fairly linear so we use the

c. To estimate when the Btu consumption

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Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

Homework 6.5 Substitute 2W  1 for L in the second equation

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Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

The system is: c. We find 5% of d.