BP-3

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(Polo &ri)
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2023

SECONDARY FOUR EXPRESS

PHYSTCS 6091/01
(PAPER I Multiple Choice)

TIME:1 HOUR

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name and Exam lndex number on the Answer Sheet in the spaces provided.
Write in sofi pencil.

There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four
possible answers A, B, C and D.
Choose the one you consider conect and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate
Answer Sheet.

Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.

This question paper consists of 12 printed pages

 BP.4

I A micrometer is used to measure the diameter of a wire.

The diagrams show the micrometer when the jaws are closed and the micrometer when the
wire is between the jaws.

0
5
0 15

45

10

Micrometer when jaws are micrometer when wire is

closed between the jaws

What is the diameter of the rod?

A 4.42mm
B 6.61 mm
C 6.67 mm
D 7.11mm

2 The diagram shows a simple pendulum. Using a stopwatch, which would be the most accurate
way to measure the period of the pendulum?

pendulum

x
A Time the motion from X to Y and back to X.
B Time the motion from X to Y and back to X again for 20 cycles and multiply by 20.
C Time the motion ftom X to Y and back to X for 20 cycles and divide by 20.
D Time the motion from X to Y and double it.

3 Green light has a wavelength of 550 nm.

What is the wavelength of blue light?

A 0.450 pm
B 0.650 pm
C 4.500 pm
D 6.500 pm
 BP- 5

4 What is the order of magnitude of the diameter of a human hair?

A 104 m
B 10$ m
C 104 m
D 102 m

5 Which pair contains a vector and a scalar quantity?

A area and displacement

B distance and volume
C temperature and pressure
D weight and velocity

6 Two forces, 3 N and 7 N respectively, are acting on a small ball-bearing.

Which is a possible resultant force acting on the ball-bearing?

A 1N
B 3N
c 8N
D 11 N

7 Which quantity does not have a unit?

A electric cunent
B gravitational field strength
C potential difference
D refractive index

8 A 1000 kg mass was placed 2 m directly above a 1 kg mass and both were dropped from a
tower at the same time. Assuming air resistance is negligible,

Which statement is conect about the time of landing?

A Not possible to predict.

B The 1000 kg mass would land on the ground at same time as the 1 kg mass.
C The 1000 kg mass would land on the ground faster than the 'l kg mass.
D The 1000 kg mass would land on the ground later than the 1 kg mass.
 BP-6

I The diagram shows the displacementtime graph of a bicycle

displacement / m

10
__+
8
/
6
/
/
4
F
2

0 2 4 6 810 12 14 time / s

When is the velocity of the bicycle 2.0 m/s?

A 0stoSs
B 5sto7s
C 7sto10s
D 10 s to 13 s
l0 A motorcycle of mass 800 kg accelerates at 2.0 m/s2. The engine of the motorcycle exerts a
driving force of 2500 N on it.

What is the total resistive force acting on the motorcycle?

A 9OON
B 1600 N
c 2100 N
D 4100 N

11 When his parachute is fully opened, a parachutist falls towards the ground at constant speed.
Under these conditions, which statement correctly identifies an action-reaction pair?

A Downward force on parachute by air and the downward force on air by parachute.
B Downward force on parachute by air and the weight of the parachutist.
C Upward force on parachute by air and the weight of the parachutist.
D Upward force on parachute by air and the downward force on air by parachute.
 BP-7

12 The mass of a body resists changes to its motion

Which property of the body is responsible for this resistance?

A inertia
B gravitational potential energy
C kinetic energy
D temperature

{ 3 A mountaineer of weight 700 N at the bottom of Mount Everest climbs to the top. The
gravitational field strength changes from 9.81 N/kg at the bottom to 9.79 N/kg at the top.

What are his mass and weight at the top of Mount Everest?

mass at top of weight at top of

Mount Everest / kg Mount Everest / N
A 71.4 699
B 71.4 700
c 71.5 699
D 71.5 700

14 5000 kg of iron is melted and mixed with 2.0 m3 of molten copper.

lf the density of molten iron and molten copper are 7500 kg/m3 and 9000 kg/m3 respectively,
what is the approximate density of the mixture?

A 8.3 kg/m3
B 8.6 kg/m3
C 8300 kg/m3
D 8600 kg/m3

l5 Which statement conectly defines gravitational field?

A lt is a region in which a mass experiences a gravitational force of attraction.

B lt is the amount of substance in a body.
c lt is the gravitational force per unit mass.
D lt is the gravitational potential energy stored in a body.
 BP-8

16 ln order to balance a non-uniform lamina on a knife edge as shown, a weight is suspended at

point A.

Where is the position of centre of gravity of this arrangement?

A B c D
lamina
a a a

weight
I knife

17 The following chairs, drawn to the same scale, are displayed in a furniture store.

Which of these chairs is the most stable?

18
I
ABC
r
The diagram shows a barometer. The atmospheric pressure is 100 000 Pa.
I-
D

vacuum

0.25 h

What is the pressure at the point ma*ed 'X'?

A 25 000 Pa
B 75 000 Pa
C 100 000 Pa
D 125 000 Pa
 BP-9

19 The diagram shows a simple hydraulic jack.

handle piston B
piston A
I I

I
hydraulic fluid

What change(s) should be made to the area of the pistons to lift a heavier load if the force
applied at the handle remains unchanged?

piston A piston B

A doubled halved

B doubled remains unchanged

c halved doubled

D remains unchanged halved

20 A washing machine has a power input of 2.5 kW.

What is the work done in half an hour if the washing machine has an efficiency of 95%?

A 71KJ
B 79KJ
c 4300 kJ
D 4700 kJ

21 A bus moves from rest with uniform acceleration along a horizontal road.

After travelling a distance of 100 m, it has 300 000 J of kinetic energy.

What resultant force is acting on the car?

A 1OO N
B 1000 N
c 3000 N
D 30000N

22 The temperature shown by a mercury-in-glass thermometer decrease.

Which of the following as constant?

A the density of the mercury

B the intemal energy of the mercury
C the mass of the mercury
D the volume of the mercury
 BP- 1O

23 A sealed container of gas is heated

What happens to the molecules of the gas?

A The average kinetic energy of the molecules increases and they hit the container more
frequently.
B The average kinetic energy of the molecules increases and they hit the container less
frequently.
C The molecules do not change size and the spaces between the molecules become
smaller.
D The molecules expand and the spaces between the molecules become smaller.

24 Brownian motion can be observed by the behaviour of smoke particles in a smoke cell

What does Brownian Motion show?

A Air is a poor conductor.

B Air molecules are moving.
C Air molecules have more mass than smoke particles.
D Convection occurs in air.

25 Which statement on gas/liquid is conect?

A The volume of a gas is fixed but its shape is not fixed.

B The volume of a gas is not fixed and its shape is not fixed.
C The volume of a liquid is fixed and its shape is fixed.
D The volume of a liquid is not fixed but its shape is fixed.

26 The diagram shows a convection cunent produced when water in a standing container is
heated.

Where is the container heated to produce the convection cunent?

A
water
I
convection
current

t t t
B c D
 BP- I1

27 The diagram shows a cross-section through a rain-water puddle formed in a shallow hole in the
road surface. Over time, air temperature, wind speed and wind direction remain constant.

road surface /w puddle

////////
shallow hole

What happens to the rate of evaporation of water from the puddle?

A lt decreases because the surface area decreases.

B lt increases because the puddle gets shallower-
C lt increases because the temperature of water has decreased.
D lt remains constant because air temperature and wind speed is unchanged

28 A block of steel is at room temperature.

Which row describes a bigger block of steel at the same temperature.

internal energy heat capacity specific heat capacity

A higher higher same
B higher same higher
c same higher higher
D same same same

29 Which change of state occurs when thermal energy is absorbed by a substance?

A boiling and melting

B boiling and solidification
c condensation and melting
D condensation and solidification

30 A rope is fixed to a wall at one end. The other end of the rope is moved up and down to produce
a wave.

During this motion, what is transfened along the rope?

A atoms
B energy
C mass
D weight
 8P.12

3l The diagram shows the position of an image formed by a plane mirror

v position
object I of image

---,- v
I
--v

"y. x't-""

What are the characteristics of the image?

orientation srze

A inverted same size

B upright diminished
c laterally inverted same size
D upright enlarged

32 The diagram shows a thin converging lens of focal length fand an image.

Where must the object be placed to produce the image that has the same size as the
object?

ABCD

mage

33 Which waves travel at the same speed in air?

A gamma rays and radio waves

B infra-red and sound
C mic{owaves and ultrasound
D ultrasound and ultra-violet
 BP-13

34 A siren is emitting a sound. As time passes, the sound becomes louder and higher pitched.

What is happening to the amplitude and to the frequency of the emitted sound wave?

amplitude frequency
A decrease decrease
B decrease increase
c increase decrease
D increase I
increase

35 Which statement about electric current is conect?

A lt is the rate of flow of charge and its unit is the ampere.

B lt is the rate of flow of charge and its unit is the coulomb.
C lt is the rate of flow of electrons and its unit is the ampere.
D lt is the rate of flow of electrons and its unit is the coulomb.

36 Diagram X shows a drum inside a photocopier. After an intense beam of light is shone on
the image on the paper, positive charges remain on the drum as shown. Diagram Y shows
the drum rolling and toner powder is attracted to the drum. Diagram Z shows a piece of
paper passing over the drum's surface.

I +
positive charges toner powder paper

Dlagram X Diagram Y DiagramZ

Which row ofthe table conectly states the charge of the toner and the paper?

toner paper
A negative negative
I
B negative positive I

c positive negative
D positive positive
 BP-14

37 Three compasses are placed between two permanent magnets XY and PQ as shown in the
diagram.

X Y -----) -----) <- P u

Which statement about the magnets is true?

A PQ is a stronger magnetthan XY; Y and P are both N-poles.

B PQ is a stronger magnetthan XY; Y and Q are both N-poles.
C XY is a stronger magnet than PQ; Y and P are both N-poles.
D XY is a stronger magnet than PQ; Y and Q are both N-poles.

38 A straight wire is perpendicular to the paper. lt carries a current into the paper.

Which diagram shows the magnetic field pattem of the current in the wire?

ABCD

39 A horizontal beam of electrons passes between the two poles of a magnet.

beam of ----------"
U
electrons

t-'l
ln which direction is the beam deflected?

A into the page

B out of the page
C towards the N-pole of the magnet
D towards the S-pole of the magnet

40 Why is high voltage used to transmit electrical energy along cables from a power plant?

A lt decreases the resistance of the cables.

B lt increases the cunent in the cables.
C lt prevents the loss of energy in the transformers at the ends of the cables.
D lt reduces the energy loss in the cables.
 BP- 16

Name: Class: Class lndex No.: I

Andb.$\tuwPt\til
(8olo &"i)
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2023

SECONDARY FOUR EXPRESS

PHYSICS 6091

PAPER 2

TIME: 1 HOUR 45 MINUTES

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write your name, class & exam index number in the box provided at the top of this page
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use glue or conection fluid.

Section A
Answer all questions.

Section B
Answer all questions. Question 13 has a choice of parts to answer.

Candidates are reminded that all quantitative answers should include appropriate units.
The use of an approved scientilic calculator is expected, where appropriate.
Candidates are advised to show all their working in a clear and orderly manner, as more marks are awarded
for the sound use of Physics than conect answers.

The number of ma*s is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

For Examiner's Use

Section A
Section B
Total /80

This question paper consists of 21 pinted pages.

I
 BP-17

SECTION A (50 marks)

Answer all the questions in this section.

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a 58 g ball being thrown vertically upwards from the top of a building with an
initial velocity of 20 m/s. lt reaches the highest point and begins to fall. lt lands on the ground
when time is 6.0 s. The velocity{ime graph is shown in Fig. 1 .2. Air resistance is negligible.

ball velocily /mst

I I
I
I I
I
20
I building
I
I

I
I
I 6.0
I
I
0 t time /s
i
h I
I
I
I
I
I
I

Fig. 1.1 Fag. 1.2

(a) Explain how Fig. 1.2 shows that the ball is moving in the opposite direction after a period
of time.

t11

(b) Determine the time I for the ball to reach its highest point.

l1l

(c) Calculate the velocity v of the ball just before it touches the ground.

t1l
 8P.18

(d) Calculate the height h of the building

h= t2t
 BP- 19

2 Fig. 2.1 shows a car being lifted by two ropes. The car remains horizontal and moves
vertically upwards at a constant speed.
rope 1 rope 2
40m
T1
Tt

KD)
{ri9
18 000 N
0.80 m

Fig.2.1

The weight of the car is 18 000 N and the tensions in rope I and rope 2 are T1 and T2
respectively.

(a) State the two conditions for the car to be in a state of equilibrium while it is moving
upwards at a constant speed.

12)

(b) Taking moments about the rear wheel, calculate T1 and T2.

t2-........ t31
 BP-20

3 Fig. 3.1 shows a manometer joined to a cylinder containing a gas. The piston has a cross-
sectional area of 0.012 m2-

manometer 100
metre
oylinder 90
ru le
gas 80

piston 70
60
50
F
40
30
2A
10
0

Fig.3.,l

Atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa.

The pressure exerted by the piston on the gas is 140 kPa
Force F is the force of the piston acting on the gas.

Calculate

(a) the force F,

E_
l2l
(b) the density of the liquid.

density = t2)
 BP-21

(c) With the same force F still exerting on the piston, the gas in the cylinder is now heated. lt
is observed that the piston moves to the left.

Explain, using ideas about molecules, why the piston moves to the left

t31
 BP-2?

4 Fig. 4.1 shows a 0.50 kg ball sliding down a rough incline from position A which is 7.5 m
above the ground with an initial speed of vo. Friction along the incline produces 10.7 J of heat
energy. The ball leaves the incline at position B moving vertically upward and reaches a
height of 13.0 m above the ground at position C.

_I

A
'r 3.0 m
F

7.5 m

lL L
Fig.4.l
(a) State the principle of conservation of energy.

t11

(b) (i) Calculate the gravitational potential energy of the ball at position C.

Take gravitational field strength g is 10 N/kg.

gravitational potential energy = t2l

(ii) Calculate the initial speed vo, at position A.

I2t
 BP- 23

(c) State one assumption for your calculations in (bxii)

t1l
 BP -24

5 ln a company that manufactures frying pans, a researcher wishes to select a new material that
can be used forthe base ofthe pan. Fig. 5.'l shows four possible materials and their properties.

material melting point / 'C specific heat capacity / J/(kg'C)

A 2350 900
B 950 480
c 1600 480
D 7800 130

Fig.5.'l

(a) (i) The researcher canies out a series of experiments on the materials.

ln one of the experiments, a 2 kg sample of material A is heated by an electrical

heater of power 450 W. The initial temperature of the sample is 25 'C.

Calculate the time taken for the temperature of the sample to rise to 100 'C.

time taken = l2l

(iD Using the data in Fig. 5.1, discuss which material is the most suitable to be used
for the base of the frying pan. Give two reasons to support your choice.

l2l

(b) 2.3 kg of hot water at boiling point is poured into the frying pan.
5 190 000 J was supplied to convert all the water into steam at boiling point.

Calculate the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water.

specific latent heat of vaporisation= t1l

I
I
I
 BP- 25

6 ln Fig. 6.1 the vertical lines represent the crests of a wave in a ripple tank. The distance
between the flrst crest and last crest is 35.0 cm.

F c
I ripple
tank

II
.I 0cm
T
fl
it I

Fig. 6.1
generator

It takes 2.5 s for the wave to travel from P to Q.

(a) Determine the wavelength of the wave in the ripple tank.

wavelength t1l

(b) Determine the frequency of the wave.

frequency = t2t
 BP-26

7 A battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 4.5 V and negligible intemal resistance is connected
to two filament lamps P and Q and a resistor R, as shown in Fig. 7.1.
4.5V
F--

R P

Fig.7.1

The l-V characteristic graph of the filament lamps are shown in Fig. 7.2
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Fig.7.2

The setup in Fig. 7.1 will give a cunent of 0.15 A flowing in lamp P.

(a) Use Fig. 7.2 to determine the cunent in the battery. Show your working clearly

current = l2l
 8P.27

(b) Calculate the potential difference across resistor R.

potential difference = t1l

(c) The filament wires of the two lamps are made from a material with the same
resistivity at their operating temperature in the circuit.

The diameter of the wire of lamp P is twice the diameter of the wire of lamp Q.
The resistances of the wires of lamp P and lamp Q are 18 O and 3 C, respectively.

Show that the ratio of the length of wire of lamp P to the length of wire of lamp Q is
24:1.

12)
 8P"28

8 Fig.8.1 shows an electrical circuit.

4.5

t--
l
1800 0

I
Fig. E.1
(a) The light incident on the light dependent resistor causes its resistance to be 9000 O
Calculate
(0 the total resistance of the circuit,

resistance =
t11

(ii) the reading on the ammeter.

reading = t11

(b) A very bright lamp near the circuit is switched on and the intensity of the light incident
on the LDR increases.

State and explain what happens to the ammeter reading.

t2t
 BP-29

9 Fig. 9.1 shows a simple d.c. motor. A rectangular coil PQRS is connected to a power supply
and is placed between two solenoids.

I I

o
R
A i_ B
P
S

+
=__l
Fig.9.l
(a) ldentify the magnetic poles at A and B.

A: ............................".

B: .........-.................... t1l

(b) Explain why the coil tums and state the direction of its rotation

l2l

(c) Describe the action of the split-ring commutator in the d.c, motor

t11

(d) When the coil is vertical, the split-ring mmmutator is not in contact with the carbon
brushes and no cunent flows through the coil.

Explain why the coil continues to turn even though no cunent is flowing.

t1I
 BP.3O

10 Fig. 10.1 shows the structure of a transformer which is used in the transmission of electrical
power through the cables.

coil number of turns

J 50
K 100
L 1 000
M 1 500

Fig. 10.1 Table 10.2

An engineer is assigned to build a step-down transformer for stepping down the voltage from
3.3 kV to 220 V in the substation of a housing estate. He has the choice of using four types
of coils with different number of turns as shown in Table 10.2 above.

(a) Based on Table 10.2, select the most suitable pair of coils for making the primary coil
and semndary mil of the transformer.

Show your workings.

primary coil: .. ...

secondary coil t2t

(b) Assume that the transformer is 75 % efficient and the power output is 't5 kW,
calculate the cunent flowing in the primary coil.

current = ....... t2t

(c) Soft iron is used for the core of the transformer.

Explain why a soft iron core is used.

t1I
 BP-31

SECTION B (30 marks)

Answer all the questions in this section.

Answer only one of the two alternative questions in Question 13

1'l (a) Two light signals, green light and violet light, are sent from a transmitter to a receiver
by two different methods in Fig. 1 1 .1 .

green light recerver

transmitter
af

violet light receiver

transmitter
optical fibre

Flg. l1.l
The structural composition of the optical fibre through which the violet light travels is
as shown in Fig. 1'1.2.

cladding
pcket

core

Fig.'11.2

(i) State what is meant by refractive index.

tl l

(ii) Name the phenomenon which prevents the violet signal from escaping from the
optical fibre.

t1l

(iii) State and explain whether the core or cladding has a lower refractive index

t11
 BP-3?

(iv) Compared to the green light, the violet light takes a longer time to arrive at the
receiver.

Suggest two reasons for this.

t2)

(b) Fig. 11.3 shows the graph of the angle of refraction r against the angle of incidence l,
when a light ray travels from the material indicated in the graph into air.

r
100

90

80
glass
70

80
air
50

40

30

2A .2
10 -4
0
0
/7 10 20 ?n 40 50

Fig. 'l L3

(D Using the data from Fig. 1 'l .3, explain what happens to the light ray if the angle
of incidence exceeds 40" in glass.

tzl
 BP-33

(ii) Determine the refractive index of water.

refractive index = .. l2l

(iii) State and explain how the graph for glass in Fig. 1 1.3 would change if the light
ray that travels through the glass now emerges into water instead of air.

t11
 BP-34

12 Ultrasound is used in quality control to detect cracks in a piece of metal

Pulses of ultrasound are sent into the piece of metal from a transmitter. A detector is placed
next to the transmitter on the front surface of the metal as shown in Fig. 12.1.

,. Ftont surface
t-t--t
lvletal
Transmitter Pulse S

Detector
Pulse R

Back su

Fig. 12.1

Fig.12.2. shows the cathode-ray oscilloscope (c.r.o.) trace ofthe ultrasound pulses produced
if the metal contains no cracks.

q S S

p R R R

1.0x10ss

Fig.'12.2

The time-base of the c.r.o- is set at 1 .0 x 10-6 s/division.

Pulses labelled S are pulses initially sent out by the transmitter. Each pulse labelled R is the
reflection from the back surface ofthe metal of the previous pulse S.

(a) State what is meant by ultrasound.

t1l

(b) Determine the period of pulses sent out by the transmifter using Fig. 12.2.

period t1I
 BP-35

(c) Suggest two reasons why the amplitude of R is less than the amplitude of S.

tzl

(d) Sometime later, the piece of metal is tested again. lt now has a small crack halfway
between the front surface and the back surface as shown in Fig. 12.3.

Ftont surface
a
____,
Pulse S Metal
Transmitter

Detector Pulse C
Crack

Back su

Fig. 12.3

On Fig. 12.2, draw the position and size of the pulses produced by this crack.
Label each of these pulses C. 121

(e) A second beam of ultrasound has a frequency of 8.0 x 106 Hz and a speed of 4000 m/s
in the metal.

Calculate the wavelength of this ultrasound in the metal.

wavelength = l2l
(0 State one property that ultrasound and microwave have in common.

t11

(S) Name one medical application of ultrasound.

t1l
 BP-36

13 EITHER

A positively charged metal sphere X is moved towards a neutral metal sphere Y as shown in
Fig. 13.1. Metal sphere Y is attached to a solenoid P which is grounded through wire R.
Solenoid Q is connected to a galvanometer and is positioned near solenoid P.

x Y P a
++
+++
+++
wire R
1

insulating stand

Fig. 13.1

(a) X is moved but not touching Y.

Describe and explain the subsequent movement of charges in solenoid P and sphere

t2t
(b) lndicate with an arrow on wire R, the direction of the cunent flow during the movement I1l
of charges.

(c) lt is observed that during the movement of charges, the galvanometer deflects to the
right, then to the lefi before going back to zero.

Explain

(D why the galvanometer deflects.

t2t
 BP-37

(ii) why the galvanometer finally goes back to zero.

t1l
(iii) why solenoid Q experiences a force when the galvanometer deflects.

t11

(d) Explain, in terms of magnetic properties, why solenoids are made of copper instead of
steel.

t1l

(e) State and explain how the experiment can be modified to create a larger deflection in
the galvanometer.

t2t
 BP- 38

13 0R
Fig. 13.1 shows a part of the main electrical circuit in a house.

CONSUMER UNIT

I
!o
Board's

N
! L
N L
$
15A 30A il
t,
earft

supply mmersion
cable sltitch heater

LIOHTING
L

CIRCU IT
L

Fig. 13.1

(a) State the funclion of the neutral wire in a circuit.

t1l

(b) Explain why the lamps are connected in this arrangement.

t1l
(c) The consumer unit is earthed.

Describe and explain how this makes the consumer unit safe

12)
 BP-39

(d) Calculate the maximum cunent that can flow in the live wire of the board's main fuse.

Suggest a suitable fuse rating.

current =

suitable fuse rating = t2t

(6) With all the appliances being switched on, the live wire touches the neutral wire at the
main s,witch.

(i) Describe and explain the effect on the lamps, immersion heater, cooker and fuses
when this fault happens.

l3l

(ii) Suggest another device that can replace the board's main fuse in the circuit. State
the advantage of using the device instead of the fuse.

t11

END OF PAPER
 BP-41

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