POINTS, LINES, PLANES and ANGLES

Objective:
 At the end of the discussion, the students should
be able to review the basic concepts of solid
mensuration such as point, lines, planes, and
angles.
POINT
A point is a zero dimensional mathematical
object that has position only and has no length,
no width nor thickness.
LINE
A line is a one-dimensional figure having
no thickness and extending infinitely in
both directions.
Important Facts:
1. A ray is a straight line which is limited from
one side and infinite from another side.

A
Important Facts:
2. A segment or line segment is a part of a
straight line which is limited from both
sides.
B

A
Important Facts:
3. Parallel lines are straight lines which lie in
the same plane and do not intersect no
matter how long they are extended.

L1
L2
Important Facts:
4. Intersecting lines are two or more different
lines that meet at the same point.

L1

L2
Important Facts:
5. Transversal line is a line that cuts across
two or more lines.

L3

L1

L2
Important Facts:
6. Broken line is a set of line segments
connected end to end.
Important Facts:
7. Points on the same line are said to be
collinear.

w z
Important Facts:
8. Midpoint is the point exactly halfway
between two endpoints of a line segment.

C
A B
PLANE
A plane is a flat surface that has length and
width but no thickness.
Important Facts:
If two planes intersect, their intersection is a
straight line.

B
Important Facts:
Points that are on the same plane are said to
be coplanar.

B
A
ANGLE
An angle is a space formed by two rays called sides
sharing a common endpoint called vertex.

O θ

B
ANGLE MEASUREMENT
1. Degree (o/deg) is defined as the unit of angle
measurement wherein one complete revolution is
divided into 360 parts.

2. Radian (rad) is defined as the unit of angle

measurement wherein one complete revolution is equal
to 2л.
3. Gradient (grad) is defined as the unit of angle
measurement wherein one complete revolution is
divided into 400 parts.
4. Mil (mil) is defined as the unit of angle measurement
wherein one complete revolution is divided into 6400
parts.
FORMS OF ANGLE
1. Acute angle is an angle measuring
between 0 and 90 degrees.
FORMS OF ANGLE
2. Right angle is an angle that measures exactly
90 degrees.

90o
FORMS OF ANGLE
3. Obtuse angle is an angle measuring between 90 and
180 degrees.
FORMS OF ANGLE
4. Straight angle is an angle that measures exactly 180
degrees.

180o
FORMS OF ANGLE
5. Reflex angle is an angle whose measure is more
than 1800 but less than 3600.

θ θ
FORMS OF ANGLE
6. Circular angle is an angle that measures exactly
3600.

360o
Terms:
1. Two angles are called complementary angles if the
sum of their degree measurements equals 90
degrees. One of the complementary angles is said to
be the complement of the other.
Terms:
2. Two angles are called supplementary angles if the
sum of their degree measurements equals 180
degrees. One of the supplementary angles is said to
be the supplement of the other.
Terms:
3. Adjacent angles are two angles which have the same
vertex and a common side between them.

D B
O

C
Terms:
4. Interior and exterior angles are the angles formed
by cutting two parallel lines with a transversal line.

G H

E F
Terms:
5. Alternate interior (exterior) angles are a pair of
nonadjacent interior (exterior) angles on opposite sides
of the transversal line. Alternate interior (exterior)
angles are congruent.

G H

E F
Terms:
6. Corresponding angles have the same position with
respect to their lines and the transversal. Corresponding
angles are congruent.

G H

E F
Terms:
7. Vertical angles are two nonadjacent angles formed
by two intersecting lines. Vertical angles are
congruent.
Terms:
8. Dihedral angle is the amount of divergence of two
intersecting planes.

G In the figure, F-AC-D is the dihedral angle,

A
E segment AC is the edge of the dihedral
F
B angle and GBE is the plane angle of the
D dihedral angle.
C
Terms:
9. An angle bisector is a ray that divides an angle into
two equal angles.
Illustrative Problem
1. Transform 6000 mil into other forms of angle
measurements (degrees, gradient, rev and rad )
2. Two supplementary angles are in ratio 7:5. Find
the two angles.
3. Find the measurement of angles A,B,C and D if
A=4x+5 and B=9x-2.

B
C A
D
Illustrative Problem
1. Transform 6000 mil into other forms of angle
measurements (degrees, gradient, rev and rad )
2. Two supplementary angles are in ratio 3:5. Find
the two angles.
3. In the figure below, SCL is a straight line. What is
the value of x.
Exercise 1: (1/2 crosswise)
1. The supplement of an angle is four times the
measure of its complement. Find the measurement
of the angle.
2. Transform 350 grad into other forms of angle
measurements .(radian, degree, rev and mil).
3. Given: L1 || L2
F=4x+2 G H
E=2x-5
Find: Measurement
of the angles. E F
Exercise 1: (1/2 crosswise)
1. The supplement of an angle is four times the
measure of its complement. Find the measure of the
angle, its complement and its supplement.
2. Transform 300 degrees into other forms of angle
measurements .(radian, gradient and mill).
3. Given: L1 || L2
F=4x+3 G H
H=2x-7
Find: Measurement
of the angles. E F
Quiz1: (1/4 yellow paper)
1. Identification: These are points lying on the same
plane.
2. Transform 475 degrees into other forms of angle
measurements .(radian, gradient, rev and mill).
3. Given: L1 || L2
E=12x+5
G H
H=6x+17
Find: Measurement
of the angles A
E F
and C.
Quiz1: (1/4 yellow paper)
1. Identification: It is a line that cuts across two or more
lines.
2. Transform 3π/4 rad into other forms of angle
measurements .(degree, gradient, rev and mill).
3. Given: A=12x+5
C=6x+17
B
Find: Measurement
C A
of angles B
D
and D.