LESSON 2 - TASK 1

Vocabulary for the Introduction Part:

Starting Presentation type Verb Description

The given/ diagram/ table/ illustrates/ depicts/ the comparison of…

supplied/ presented figure/ illustration/ provides/ the differences…
graph/ chart describes/ the number of…
demonstrates information on…
the proportion of…
the amount of…

Vocabulary to show the changes

Type Verb form Noun form

Increase rise/increase/soar/ go up/ a rise/ an increase/ a

climb/ skyrocket/grow/surge growth

Decrease reduce, decline, drop, a fall, a decrease, a

decrease, plummet, fall, reduction, a decline, a
plunge drop

Steadiness remain constant/ remain a stability/ a steadiness

steady/ remain the same/
remain stable/ remain
unchanged

Gradual increase an upward trend

Gradual decrease a downward trend

Vocabulary to represent changes in graphs:

Type of change Adverb form Adjective form

Rapid change dramatically, rapidly, dramatical, rapid, sharp,

sharply, quickly, steeply, steep, considerable,
considerably, substantial, significant
substantially, significantly

Moderate change moderately, gradually, moderate, gradual, steady

steadily
Slight change slightly, slowly, slight, slow, marginal,
marginally, modestly modest

Vocabulary to represent highest and lowest point in graphs

Type verb

Highest point - peak at

- climax
- reach a peak of
- hit a peak
- touch/achieve the highest point
- hit/get/reach a vertex

Lowest point - touch the lowest point

- get the lowest point

Describing numbers
1. Verbs/ Phrases
- occupy = make up = account for = comprise (+ %; ⅔ , ⅓, etc)
2. Prepositions
- at …% (e.g. stay steady at 20%)
- between…and…(e.g. fluctuate between 20% and 45%)
- a rise from 14% to 30% = a rise of 16% ; a decrease from 43% to 21% = a decrease
of 22%
- grow from 14% to 30% = grow by 16% ; fall from 43% to 21% = fall by 22%
3. Verbs/ Phrases for comparison
- X stands at/be put in the first/second position with …%, followed
by…with/compared to … % , …% respectively
- The percentage/ amount/ quantity of X is ⅔ that of Y
- The percentage/ amount/ quantity of X doubles/triples that of Y, at … and …
respectively
- X rises/ falls at the same rate/ at a faster rate/at a slower rate than Y
4. Time referencing
- From the beginning of this period,
- Over the period of … years, from…to…

Comparatives
So sánh bằng A + be + roughly/approximately/ almost + as + high/much/many/
adj + as B
 So sánh hơn There + be + slightly/ significantly/ considerably/ relatively/ số
chênh lệch + more/less/fewer A than B

A + be + slightly/ significantly/ considerably/ relatively/ số chênh

lệch + higher/lower/ smaller/ adj-er + B

So sánh gấp A + be + (roughly/approximately) + half/ twice/ three times/// +

bội as + much/ many/ high/ adj + as + B

A + be + (roughly/approximately) + double/ triple/ quadruple + B

So sánh nhất the + adj - so sánh nhất + noun

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USEFUL TYPES OF SENTENCES IN IELTS WRITING TASK 1
1. As/ Whereas/ While X verb, Y verb (at the same time)
e.g. While the figure for factories in Japan went up dramatically to 120,000 in 2010,
the quantity in Korea plummeted to 12,000 at the same time.
2. Clause, followed by + Noun Phrase
e.g. There was a dramatic growth in the number of factories in Japan to 120,000 in
2010, followed by a sharp decrease to 1000 in 2015.
3. Clause, prior to/ before + Ving
e.g. The number of factories in Japan experienced an increase to 120,000 in 2010,
before hitting a free fall to 1000 in 2015.
4. Clause, after + Ving
e.g. The number of factories in Japan hit a free fall to 1000 in 2015, after undergoing
an increase to 120,000 in 2010.
5. In comparison to/ with X, which verb, Y verb
e.g. In comparison with the number of factories in Japan, which witnessed a dramatic
increase to 120,000 in 2010, the quantity in Korea plummeted to 12,000 at this time.
6. X verb, Verb_ing, (which verb)
e.g. The quantity of factories in Japan went through a period of dramatic increase to
120,000 in 2010, exceeding the number in Korea, which had only 12,000.
7. There + be + a + (two/three/four) fold + increase/decrease
e.g. There was a considerable increase from 500 to 1500 in the number of children
doing athletics in 2010.
=> Starting at 500, the number of children doing athletics experienced a threefold
increase to 1500 in 2010.
8. The gap between + subject + narrow as people get older (used for charts with
age groups)
e.g. The gap between the amount of time spent on watching Tv and being online
narrows as people get older.
9. The same/ opposite/ reverse pattern can be seen for… (used in line graph)
e.g.Just over one fifth of single parents were living in poverty, whereas only 12% of
parents living with a partner were classed as poor. The same pattern can be seen for
people with no children.