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CDS – 2 VIRAAT 2023

Centre State Relationship DPP: 14.1

1. Seperation of power between centre and state is a 8. Match the following Articles of the Indian
part of basic structure doctrine. Which of the Constitution and respective provisions:
following is not included in centre- state relation? List I List II
(a) Legislative relations (Articles) (Provisions)
(b) Judicial Relations 1. Article 257 A. Jurisdiction of the Union
(c) Administrative relations in relation to territories
(d) Financial relations outside India
2. Article 260 B. Taxes levied and
2. Which of the following parts of the Indian distributed between the
Constitution deals with the legislative relations Union and the states
between the Centre and the states? 3. Article 263 C. Provisions with respect to
(a) Part XI (b) Part XII an inter-state Council
(c) Part XIII (d) Part XIV 4. Article 270 D. Control of the Union over
states in certain cases
3. Which of the following commissions is related to Select the correct answer using the code given below.
the Centre-State Relations? (a) 1 - A, 2 - B, 3 - C, 4 - D
(a) Sarkaria Commission (b) 1 - D, 2 - A, 3 - C, 4 - B
(b) Planning Commission (c) 1 - A, 2 - C, 3 - B, 4 - D
(c) Kothari Commission (d) 1 - D, 2 - C, 3 - B, 4 - A
(d) Thakkar Commission
9. The Centre is empowered to give directions to the
4. Administrative relations between the Centre and the states with regard to the exercise of their executive
states are mentioned in which of the following Articles? power in the following matters?
(a) Article 245 to 255 1. Construction and maintenance of means of
(b) Article 268 to 293 communication.
(c) Article 256 to 263 2. Execution of the specified schemes for the
(d) Article 294 to 300 welfare of the STs in the State.
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
5. Who among the following has exclusive power to (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
levy taxes on subjects enumerated in the Union
List? 10. Which of the following statements is not correct regarding
(a) President (b) Vice President the Territorial extent of Central and state legislation?
(c) Prime Minister (d) Parliament (a) The Parliament can make laws for the whole or
any part of the territory of India.
6. Which of the following is not an aspect in the (b) A state legislature can make laws for the whole
Centre-States legislative relations? or any part of the state.
(a) Centre’s control over state legislation (c) The Parliament alone can make ‘extraterritorial
(b) Distribution of legislative subjects legislation’.
(c) Territorial extent of Central and state legislation (d) Laws of the Parliament are not applicable to the
(d) State’s control over Centre’s legislation Indian citizens and their property in any part of
the world.
7. The president can NOT make regulation for peace, 11. To make laws on any matter in the State List for
progress and good government for which of the implementing the international treaties, agreements
following areas? or conventions is
(a) Andaman and Nicobar Islands (a) The responsibility of Council of Ministers
(b) Chandigarh (b) The responsibility of President
(c) Lakshadweep (c) The responsibility of State Government
(d) Ladakh (d) The responsibility of Parliament
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12. Which of the following is not a part of the All India 17. Consider the following statements about the
Services at present? administrative relations between the Centre and the
(a) Indian Administrative Service states in India:
(b) Indian Foreign Service 1. The President, with the consent of the State
(c) Indian Police Service Government can entrust any of the executive
(d) Indian Forest Service functions of the Centre to the State government.
2. The Governor of a State is appointed by the
13. Which of the following statements is/are correct President and holds office during the pleasure
regarding the system of Integrated Judiciary in of the President.
India? 3. The State Election Commissioner, though
1. It possesses a dual system of administration of appointed by the Governor of the State, can be
justice. removed only by the President.
2. This dual system of courts enforces both the 4. Inter-State Council to investigate and discuss
Central laws as well as the state laws. subjects of common interest between the Centre
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only and the states.
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 Which of the following options are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
14. Which of the following taxes is levied by the
Central legislature? (b) 2 and 3 only
(a) Tax on Electricity Consumption (c) 3 and 4 only
(b) Tax on Water Consumption & Distribution (d) All of the above
(c) Income Tax
(d) Professional Tax 18. Consider the following provisions of the Indian
Constitution:
15. Which of the following statements is not correct 1. Power of Parliament to provide for the
regarding the Finance Commission? establishment of certain additional courts.
(a) Article 280 provides for a Finance Commission 2. Special provision with respect to goods and
as a Quasi-judicial body. services tax.
(b) It is constituted by the President every fifth 3. Legislation for giving effect to international
year or even earlier. agreements.
(c) It recommend President the principles which Which of the provisions given above form part of
should govern the grants-in-aid to the states by the legislative relations between the Centre and the
the Centre out of the Consolidated Fund of States?
India. (a) 1 and 2 only
(d) A judge of the high court or one qualified to be (b) 2 and 3 only
appointed as one is not eligible to be its (c) All of the above
member.
(d) None of the above
16. Consider the following statements:
1. The Constitution expressly secures the 19. Consider the following statements regarding Centre-
predominance of Concurrent List over the State State relations during Emergency:
List. 1. During the operation of a national emergency,
2. In case of a conflict on a subject enumerated in the Centre becomes entitled to give executive
the Concurrent List, Central law always directions to a state on ‘any’ matter.
prevails over the state law. 2. The State Governments are suspended and are
Which of the following statements is/are not brought under the complete control of the
correct? Centre.
(a) 1 only (a) 1 only
(b) 2 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
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20. Consider the following Subjects and provisions of

Financial relations.
List I List II
(Subjects of (Features and
Financial Relation) Provisions)
1. Allocation of There are no tax entries
Taxing Powers in the Concurrent List
2. Distribution of Major changes
Tax Revenues introduced through 101st
Amendment Act of 2016
3. Distribution of Railway and Banking are
Non-tax the major sources at State
Revenues level
4. Goods and Joint forum of the Centre
Services Tax and the
Council States
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly
matched?
(a) 1, 2 and 4 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 4 only
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Answer Key
1. (b) 11. (d)
2. (a) 12. (b)
3. (a) 13. (d)
4. (c) 14. (c)
5. (d) 15. (d)
6. (d) 16. (d)
7. (b) 17. (d)
8. (b) 18. (c)
9. (c) 19. (a)
10. (d) 20. (a)

Hints and Solutions
1. (b)
Explanation:
• The Constitution of India, being federal in
structure, divides all powers between the
Centre and the states under
o Legislative relations.
o Administrative relations.
o Financial relations.
• However, there is no division of judicial power
as the Constitution has established an
integrated judicial system to enforce both the
Central laws as well as state laws.
2. (a)
Explanation:
• Articles 245 to 255 in Part XI of the
Constitution deal with the legislative relations
between the Centre and the states.
• There are four aspects in the Centre-States
legislative relations:
o Territorial extent of Central and state
legislation;
o Distribution of legislative subjects;
o Parliamentary legislation in the state field;
and
o Centre’s control over state legislation.
3. (a)
Explanation:
• The Constitution has assigned a position of
superiority to the Centre in the legislative
sphere.
• Sarkaria Commission on Centre-State Relations
(1983-88)
o In 1983, the Central government appointed a
three-member Commission on Centre- State
relations under the chairmanship of R.S.
Sarkaria, a retired judge of the Supreme
Court.
o The commission was asked to examine and
review the working of existing arrangements
between the Centre and states in all spheres
and recommend appropriate changes and
measures.
4. (c)
Explanation:
• Articles 256 to 263 in Part XI of the
Constitution deal with the administrative
relations between the Centre and the states.
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• The executive power has been divided between
the Centre and the states on the lines of the
distribution of legislative powers.
• The Constitution has placed few restrictions on
the executive power of the states in order to
give ample scope to the Centre for exercising
its executive power in an unrestricted manner.
• Centre is empowered to give directions to the
states with regard to the exercise of their
executive power.
5. (d)
Explanation:
• Articles 268 to 293 in Part XII of the
Constitution deal with Centre-State financial
relations.
• The Parliament has exclusive power to levy
taxes on subject enumerated in the Union List.
• The state legislature has exclusive power to
levy taxes on subjects enumerated in the State
List.
• There are no tax entries in the Concurrent List.
6. (d)
Explanation:
• Articles 245 to 255 in Part XI of the
Constitution deal with the legislative relations
between the Centre and the states.
• There are four aspects in the Centre-states
legislative relations:
o Territorial extent of Central and state
legislation
o Distribution of legislative subjects
o Parliamentary legislation in the state field
o Centre’s control over state legislation
7. (b)
Explanation:
• The Constitution places certain restrictions on
the plenary territorial jurisdiction of the
Parliament.
• The laws of Parliament are not applicable in the
following areas:
o The President can make regulations for the
peace, progress and good government of the
four Union Territories-
o Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep,
Dadra and Nagar Haveli & Daman and Diu
and Ladakh.

8. (b)
Explanation:
Articles Provisions
Article 257 Control of the Union over states in
certain cases
Article 260 Jurisdiction of the Union in
relation to territories outside India
Article 263 Provisions with respect to an inter-
state Council
Article 270 Taxes levied and distributed
between the Union and the states
9. (c)
Explanation:
• The Centre is empowered to give directions to
the states with regard to the exercise of their
executive power in the following matters:
o Construction and maintenance of means of
Communication (declared to be of national
or military importance) by the state.
o The measures to be taken for the protection
of the railways within the state.
o The provision of adequate facilities for
instruction in the mother tongue at the
primary stage of education to children
belonging to linguistic minority groups in
the state.
o Drawing up and execution of the specified
schemes for the welfare of the Scheduled
Tribes in the state.
10. (d)
Explanation:
• The Constitution defines the territorial limits of
the legislative powers vested in the Centre and
the states in the following way:
o The Parliament can make laws for the whole
or any part of the territory of India.
o A state legislature can make laws for the
whole or any part of the state.
o The State Legislature cannot make extra
territorial laws, except when there is
sufficient connection or nexus between the
State and the object.
o The Parliament alone can make
‘extraterritorial legislation’.
o The laws of the Parliament are also
applicable to the Indian citizens and their
property in any part of the world. Hence
statement 4 is not correct.
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11. (d)
Explanation:
• The Parliament can make laws on any matter in
the State List for implementing the international
treaties, agreements or conventions.
• This provision enables the Central government
to fulfill its international obligations and
commitments.
• When the President’s rule is imposed in a state,
the parliament becomes empowered to make
laws with respect to any matter in the State List
in relation to that state.
12. (b)
Explanation:
• Like in any other federation, the Centre and the
states also have their separate public services
called the Central Services and the State
Services respectively.
• There are all-India services:
o Indian Administrative Service
o Indian Police Service
o Indian Forest Service
13. (d)
Explanation:
• Though India has a dual polity, there is no dual
system of
• administration of justice. Hence statement 1 is
not correct.
• The Constitution, on the other hand, established
an integrated judicial system with the Supreme
Court at the top and the state high courts below
it.
• This single system of courts enforces both the
Central laws as well as the state laws. Hence
statement 2 is not correct.
• This is done to eliminate diversities in the
remedial procedure.
14. (c)
Explanation:
• The income-tax is levied and collected by the
Centre but its proceeds are distributed between
the Centre and the states.
• A state legislature can impose taxes on
professions, trades,
• callings and employments.
• A state legislature can impose tax on the
consumption or sale of electricity.
• A state legislature can impose a tax in respect
of any water or electricity stored, generated,
consumed, distributed or sold by any authority
established by Parliament.

15. (d)
Explanation:
• The Finance Commission consists of a
chairman and four other members to be
appointed by the president.
o A judge of the high court or one qualified to
be appointed as one. Hence statement 4 is
not correct.
o A person who has specialized knowledge of
finance and accounts of the government.
• Article 280 provides for a Finance Commission
as a quasi-judicial body. Hence statement 1 is
correct.
• It is constituted by the President every fifth
year or even earlier. Hence statement 2 is
correct.
• It is required to make recommendations to the
President on the following matters:
o The distribution of the net proceeds of taxes
to be shared between the Centre and the
states, and the allocation between the states,
the respective shares of such proceeds.
o The principles which should govern the
grants-in-aid to the states by the Centre (i.e.,
out of the Consolidated Fund of India).
Hence statement 3 is correct.
16. (d)
Explanation:
• The Constitution expressly secures the
predominance of the Union List over the State
List and the Concurrent List and that of the
Concurrent List over the State List. Hence
statement 1 is correct.
• In case of a conflict between the Central law
and the state law on a subject enumerated in the
Concurrent List, the Central law prevails over
the state law.
• However, there is an exception, if the state law
has been reserved for the consideration of the
president and has received his assent, then the
state law prevails in that state.
• Therefore, in case of a conflict on a subject
enumerated in the Concurrent List, Central law
always prevail over the state law. Hence
statement 2 is correct.
17. (d)
Explanation:
• Administrative relations are dealt with in
Articles 256 to 263 in Part XI of the
Constitution.
• The Constitution contains elaborate provisions
to regulate the various dimensions of the
relations between the Centre and the states.
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• The President may, with the consent of the state
government, entrust to that government any of
the executive functions of the Centre. Hence,
statement 1 is correct.
• The governor of a state is appointed by the
President. He holds office during the pleasure
of the President. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• The State Election Commissioner, though
appointed by the Governor of the State, can be
removed only by the President. Hence,
statement 3 is correct.
• The Constitution provides for the establishment
of an Inter-State Council to investigate and
discuss subjects of common interest between
the Centre and the states.
o Such a council was set up in 1990. Hence,
statement 4 is correct.
18. (c)
Explanation:
Articles Related to Centre-State Legislative
Relations:
• Article 245 - Extent of laws made by
Parliament and by the legislatures of states.
• Article 246A - Special provision with respect to
goods and services tax.
• Article 247 - Power of Parliament to provide
for the establishment of certain additional
courts.
• Article 253 - Legislation for giving effect to
international Agreements.
• Hence all the provisions are related to the
legislative relations.
19. (a)
Explanation:
• During the operation of a national emergency
(under Article 352), the Centre becomes
entitled to give executive directions to a state
on ‘any’ matter. Hence statement 1 is correct.
• The state governments are brought under the
complete control of the Centre, though they are
not suspended. Hence statement 2 is not
correct.
• When the President’s Rule is imposed in a state
under Article 356, the President can assume to
himself the functions of the state government
and powers vested in the Governor or any other
executive authority in the state.
• During the operation of a financial emergency
under Article 360, the Centre can direct the
states to observe canons of financial propriety.
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20. (a)
Explanation:
Articles 268 to 293 in Part XII of the Constitution
deal with Centre-State financial relations.
Allocation of Taxing Powers:
• The Parliament has exclusive power to levy
taxes on subjects enumerated in the Union List.
• The state legislature has exclusive power to
levy taxes on subjects enumerated in the State
List.
• There are no tax entries in the Concurrent List.
Hence Pair 1 correctly matched.
Distribution of Tax Revenues:
• The 80th Amendment Act of 2000 and the
101st Amendment Act of 2016 have introduced
major changes in the scheme of the distribution
of tax revenues between the centre and the
states. Hence Pair 2 correctly matched.
Distribution of Non-tax Revenues:
• The Centre - Posts and Telegraphs, Railways,
Banking, Broadcasting, Coinage and currency,
etc. Hence Pair 3 is not correctly matched.
• The States - Irrigation, Forests, Fisheries, State
Public sector enterprises, etc.
Goods and Services Tax Council:
• The 101st Amendment Act of 2016 provided
for the establishment of the GST Council.
• Article 279-A empowered the President to
constitute a GST Council by an order.
• The Council is a joint forum of the Centre and
the States. Hence Pair 4 correctly matched.

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