Realism, in the arts, the accurate, detailed, unembellished depiction of nature or of contemporary life.

Realism rejects imaginative idealization in favour of a close observation of outward appearances. As such,
realism in its broad sense has comprised many artistic currents in different civilizations.

- genre scenes of rural and urban working class life, scenes of street-life, cafes and night clubs, as
well as increasing frankness in the treatment of the body, nudity and sensual subjects.

ABSTRACTION The term 'abstract art' - also called "non-objective art", "non-figurative", "non-
representational", "geometric abstraction", or "concrete art"

- nonobjective art or nonrepresentational art, painting, sculpture, or graphic art in which the
portrayal of things from the visible world plays no part. All art consists largely of elements that can
be called abstract—elements of form, colour, line, tone, and texture.
1. Artists use distortion to show emotion in an image like enlarging a body and keeping a smaller
head to create the illusion of strength.
2. Elongation art" refers to paintings that feature figures that are painted with their
forms elongated much more than they are in reality.
3. MANGLING - This shows subject or objects which are cut, lacerated, mutilated or hacked with
repeated blows
4. CUBISM - characterized chiefly by an emphasis on formal structure, the reduction of natural
forms to their geometrical equivalents, and the organization of the planes of a represented
object independently of representational requirements.
5. Abstract Expressionism an expression of reality is expressed in a non-representational
statement with line, colour and size as well as the aggressive mingling of colours, shapes and
forms that creates a painting of pure thought and emotion.
SYMBOLISM - artistic and a literary movement that suggested ideas through symbols and emphasized the
meaning behind the forms, lines, shapes, and colors.

FAUVISM – a radical use of unnatural colors that separated colors from its usual representational and
realistic role, giving new emotional meaning to the color. Bold brush strokes using paint straight from the
tube instead of preparing and mixing it.

DADAISM - nonsensical to the point of whimsy. Dadaist artists expressed their discontent with violence,
war, and nationalism, and maintained political affinities with the radical far-left.

FUTURISM - emphasized the dynamism, speed, energy, and power of the machine and the vitality, change,
and restlessness of modern life.

SURREALISM - characterized by dream-like visuals, the use of symbolism, and collage images.

EXPRESSIONISM - convey emotion and meaning rather than reality. Each artist had their own unique way
of "expressing" their emotions in their art. In order to express emotion, the subjects are often distorted or
exaggerated. At the same time colors are often vivid and shocking.